CN111771447A - Land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables - Google Patents
Land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771447A CN111771447A CN202010670816.0A CN202010670816A CN111771447A CN 111771447 A CN111771447 A CN 111771447A CN 202010670816 A CN202010670816 A CN 202010670816A CN 111771447 A CN111771447 A CN 111771447A
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- soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a farmland, draining the farmland, drying the farmland in the sun for 3-6 months, and turning soil by using a soil turning device during the drying period, wherein the soil turning is carried out once every 2-3 months on average; s2: deep ploughing, adding a heavy metal adsorption material into the deep groove, filling soil and burying, and turning over the ploughed field block after one-pass to take away the heavy metal adsorption material; s3: the invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and discloses a method for paving an improvement auxiliary material on the surface layer of soil to be improved. The soil improvement method applied to planting the selenium-rich vegetables can change soil into organic soil through the matching of farmyard manure and auxiliary materials, is suitable for planting vegetables, can remove heavy metals in the soil, has no pollution to the environment, and can provide sufficient selenium elements for the growth process of the vegetables through the supply of the selenium-rich nutrient solution, so that the vegetables are rich in the selenium elements and can supplement the requirements of human bodies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of land improvement, in particular to a land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables.
Background
With the rapid development of socialist economy, more and more cultivated land is occupied. The cultivated land is emphasized by people due to the non-regenerability, and the sandy reclamation land area in China tends to increase. The large-area land is influenced by production activity construction, human activities, natural disasters and the like, so that the sandy reclamation land has the characteristics of low humus content, poor soil structure, extremely low content of sticky grains and serious local salinization. The long-term water and soil loss causes large soil porosity, poor water and fertilizer retention and low crop yield.
Selenium is a chemical element, the chemical symbol is Se, is a nutrient element beneficial to plants and is also a trace element necessary for human bodies, and the selenium can improve the immunity of the human bodies, promote the proliferation of lymphocytes and the synthesis of antibodies and immune globulin. Selenium has obvious inhibiting and protecting effects on colon cancer, skin cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, and an intermediate metabolite methyl enol in a body has strong anticancer activity. Selenium and vitamin E, allicin, linoleic acid, zinc and other nutrients have synergistic antioxidant effect and increased antioxidant activity. At the same time, selenium has the functions of reducing and relieving heavy metal toxicity
However, due to regional differences, the selenium content in surface soil in China is generally low, and according to statistics, about one fourth of soil is in a low selenium level. The selenium content of crops grown in the soil is inevitably low, and the selenium content of the planted vegetables is not abundant, so that the requirements of human health cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables, and solves the problem that the soil is at a low selenium level.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a farmland, draining the farmland, drying the farmland in the sun for 3-6 months, and turning soil by using a soil turning device during the drying period, wherein the soil turning is carried out once every 2-3 months on average;
s2: deep ploughing, adding a heavy metal adsorption material into the deep groove, filling soil and burying, and turning over the ploughed field block after one-pass to take away the heavy metal adsorption material;
s3: laying the improvement auxiliary material on the surface layer of the soil to be improved, applying 700-900kg of farmyard manure for each mu of land, carrying out rotary tillage, applying 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer for each mu of land, 10-15 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of auxiliary material and 400-600kg of crop straw for each mu of land again;
s4: applying a soil conditioner, mixing the selenium-rich nutrient solution and clear water by using a small mixer according to the mass volume ratio of 1:50 after the soil conditioner is applied, obtaining a selenium-rich composite solution, and spraying and irrigating a field;
s5: and (3) attaching a mulching film or hay to the surface layer of the soil to be improved.
Further, the auxiliary raw material in S3 may be lime or plant ash, or a combination of the two.
Further, in the step S3, one or two of crop straws, namely wheat straws and broad bean straws are/is combined and crushed into 5cm by a small straw crusher.
Further, 700kg of farmyard manure, 20kg of compound fertilizer, 15kg of urea, 10kg of auxiliary raw materials and 500kg of crop straws are applied to each mu in S3.
Further, the soil of the soil conditioner in S4 is preferably of the type of microorganisms.
Further, the sprinkling frequency of the selenium-rich composite solution in the S4 is once for 10 days.
Further, the sprinkling device can be indirectly used for sprinkling water during the S1 field drying period, the sprinkling device is sprinkled once in 1 month on average, and the sprinkling device comprises a water pump or a sprinkler and is used for controlling the soil humidity to be not more than 40%.
Further, the soil turning device in the step S1 comprises a soil turning machine or a mini-tiller.
Further, the microorganisms in the soil conditioner in S4 include yeasts, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacter, phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.
Further, the small and medium mixer in the S4 includes a stirrer or a mixing barrel and a stirring rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the soil improvement method applied to planting of the selenium-rich vegetables can change soil into organic soil through the matching of farmyard manure and auxiliary materials, is suitable for planting of vegetables, can remove heavy metals in the soil, is pollution-free to the environment, and can provide sufficient selenium elements for the growth process of the vegetables through the supply of the selenium-rich nutrient solution, so that the vegetables are rich in the selenium elements, and can supplement requirements of human bodies.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compact mixer provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the agitator shaft shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a plan view of the swivelling levers shown in fig. 1.
In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a rotating shaft 2, a stirring box 3, a stirring shaft 4, a stirring blade 5, a first groove 6, a second groove 7, a sliding plate 8, a rotating motor 9, a rotating rod 10, a lug 11, a first electric telescopic rod 12, a telescopic spring 13, a box cover 14, a clamping block 15, a clamping groove 16, a supporting block 17 and an electric telescopic rod 18.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a farmland, draining the farmland, drying the farmland in the sun for 3-6 months, and turning soil by using a soil turning device during the drying period, wherein the soil turning is carried out once every 2-3 months on average;
s2: deep ploughing, adding a heavy metal adsorption material into the deep groove, filling soil and burying, and turning over the ploughed field block after one-pass to take away the heavy metal adsorption material;
s3: laying the improvement auxiliary material on the surface layer of the soil to be improved, applying 700-900kg of farmyard manure for each mu of land, carrying out rotary tillage, applying 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer for each mu of land, 10-15 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of auxiliary material and 400-600kg of crop straw for each mu of land again;
s4: applying a soil conditioner, mixing the selenium-rich nutrient solution and clear water by using a small mixer according to the mass volume ratio of 1:50 after the soil conditioner is applied, obtaining a selenium-rich composite solution, and spraying and irrigating a field;
s5: and (3) attaching a mulching film or hay to the surface layer of the soil to be improved.
Preferably, S5 can also be covered with leaves, grass clippings, and wood chips to not only prevent weeds, but also help the soil retain water and supply nutrients.
The auxiliary raw material in the S3 can be lime or plant ash, or the combination of the lime and the plant ash.
And in the S3, one or two of crop straws, namely wheat straws and broad bean straws are/is crushed into 5cm by a small straw crusher.
700kg of farmyard manure, 20kg of compound fertilizer, 15kg of urea, 10kg of auxiliary raw materials and 500kg of crop straws are applied to each mu in S3.
Preferably, coffee grounds or tea grounds can be selected, and can be used as fertilizer, and can be mixed in soil without plants, and can be fermented under soil-assisted heating, and can improve water drainage, enhance air permeability, promote plant growth, and maintain soil pH value
The soil of the soil conditioner in S4 is preferably of the type of microorganisms.
And the sprinkling irrigation frequency of the selenium-rich composite solution in the S4 is once for 10 days.
S1 sprinkling can be carried out by indirectly using a sprinkling device during field drying, the sprinkling is carried out once in 1 month on average, the sprinkling device comprises a water pump or a sprinkler, and the soil humidity is controlled not to exceed 40%.
And the soil turning device in the S1 comprises a soil turning machine or a mini-tiller.
The microbial bacteria in the soil conditioner in the S4 comprise yeasts, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacteria and phosphorus and potassium solubilizing bacteria.
The small and medium-sized mixer in the S4 comprises a stirrer or a mixing barrel and a stirring rod.
S4 the small and medium size mixer comprises a frame 1, wherein two sides of the inner wall of the frame 1 are rotatably connected with rotating shafts 2, one ends of the two rotating shafts 2 opposite to each other are fixedly connected with a stirring box 3, the bottom of the inner wall of the stirring box 3 is rotatably connected with a stirring shaft 4, the outer surface of the stirring shaft 4 is provided with a plurality of stirring blades 5, a first groove 6 is formed in the stirring shaft 4, a second groove 7 is formed in the stirring shaft 4 and positioned around the first groove 6, a sliding plate 8 is slidably connected between the two sides of the inner wall of the frame 1, the top of the sliding plate 8 is fixedly connected with a rotating motor 9, an output shaft of the rotating motor 9 is fixedly connected with a rotating rod 10, one end of the rotating rod 10 penetrates through the sliding plate 8 and extends to the bottom of the sliding plate 8, and the outer surface of the rotating rod 10 extending to one end, the two sides of the top of the inner wall of the frame 1 are fixedly connected with first electric telescopic rods 12, and the bottom ends of the two first electric telescopic rods 12 are fixedly connected to the top of the sliding plate 8.
Rotating electrical machines 9 is connected with external power through control switch, dwang 10 and 6 looks adaptations of first recess, lug 11 and 7 looks adaptations of second recess, and the quantity of lug 11 is four, makes agitator tank 3 can rotate through setting up of axis of rotation 2 to the dumping of 3 inside raw materials of agitator tank has been made things convenient for.
Both sides of the bottom of the sliding plate 8 are provided with telescopic springs 13, and a box cover 14 is fixedly connected between the other ends of the two telescopic springs 13.
When the sliding plate 8 moves downwards, the box cover 14 is driven to cover the top of the stirring box 3, so that the phenomenon of spilling can not occur during stirring and mixing.
The bottom fixedly connected with fixture block 15 of agitator tank 3, the bottom sliding connection of frame 1 inner wall has two U type draw-in grooves 16, U type draw-in groove 16 with fixture block 15 looks adaptation.
The two sides of the bottom of the inner wall of the frame 1 are fixedly connected with supporting blocks 17, one side, opposite to the supporting blocks 17, of each supporting block is fixedly connected with a second electric telescopic rod 18, and the other ends of the two electric telescopic rods 18 are fixed to the side, away from each other, of each U-shaped clamping groove 16.
Two electric telescopic handle 18 are all connected with external power through control switch, and the setting of two electric telescopic handle 18 is used for driving two U type draw-in grooves 16.
Pouring the raw materials into the stirring box 3, driving the U-shaped clamping groove 16 to clamp the clamping block 15 by starting the second electric telescopic rod 18, thereby fixing the stirring box 3, then driving the sliding plate 8 to slide downwards by starting the first electric telescopic rod 12, driving the rotating motor 9 to move downwards by sliding the sliding plate 8 downwards, driving the rotating rod 10 to move downwards by moving the rotating motor 9 downwards, further inserting into the first groove 6, inserting the convex block 11 on the outer surface into the second groove 7, starting the rotating motor 9, rotating the rotating rod 10 by rotating the rotating motor 9, driving the stirring shaft 4 to rotate by rotating the rotating rod 10, mixing the internal raw materials, after mixing, making the sliding plate 8 slide upwards by contraction of the first electric telescopic rod 12, separating the rotating rod 10 from the stirring shaft 4, then by contraction of the second electric telescopic rod 18, make two U type draw-in grooves 16 leave the slip mutually, with fixture block 15 separation for agitator tank 3 can overturn, thereby conveniently emptys.
When the method works, firstly, a piece of farmland is selected, the farmland is drained and sunned for 3-6 months, a soil turning device is used for turning soil during sunning, the soil is turned once every 2-3 months on average, then deep ploughing is carried out, heavy metal adsorption materials are added into deep ditches, then soil is filled and buried, after one-time plowing, the heavy metal adsorption materials are taken away from field blocks, improvement auxiliary materials are laid on the surface layer of soil to be improved, 700kg of farmyard manure is applied to each mu of land, rotary ploughing is carried out, 20kg-25kg of compound fertilizer is applied to each mu of land again, 10kg-15kg of urea, 5kg-10kg of auxiliary raw materials and 600kg of crop straw 400, then soil improvement agents are applied, after the soil improvement agents are applied, the selenium-rich liquid and clean water are mixed by a small mixer according to the mass volume ratio of 1:50 to obtain the selenium-rich compound solution, the farmland is sprayed, finally, a mulching film or hay is attached to the surface layer of the soil to be improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting a farmland, draining the farmland, drying the farmland in the sun for 3-6 months, and turning soil by using a soil turning device during the drying period, wherein the soil turning is carried out once every 2-3 months on average;
s2: deep ploughing, adding a heavy metal adsorption material into the deep groove, filling soil and burying, and turning over the ploughed field block after one-pass to take away the heavy metal adsorption material;
s3: laying the improvement auxiliary material on the surface layer of the soil to be improved, applying 700-900kg of farmyard manure for each mu of land, carrying out rotary tillage, applying 20-25 kg of compound fertilizer for each mu of land, 10-15 kg of urea, 5-10 kg of auxiliary material and 400-600kg of crop straw for each mu of land again;
s4: applying a soil conditioner, mixing the selenium-rich nutrient solution and clear water by using a small mixer according to the mass volume ratio of 1:50 after the soil conditioner is applied, obtaining a selenium-rich composite solution, and spraying and irrigating a field;
s5: and (3) attaching a mulching film or hay to the surface layer of the soil to be improved.
2. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the auxiliary raw material in the S3 can be lime or plant ash, or the combination of the lime and the plant ash.
3. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the S3, one or two of crop straws, namely wheat straws and broad bean straws are/is crushed into 5cm by a small straw crusher.
4. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 700kg of farmyard manure, 20kg of compound fertilizer, 15kg of urea, 10kg of auxiliary raw materials and 500kg of crop straws are applied to each mu in S3.
5. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the soil of the soil conditioner in S4 is preferably of the type of microorganisms.
6. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the sprinkling irrigation frequency of the selenium-rich composite solution in the S4 is once for 10 days.
7. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1 sprinkling can be carried out by indirectly using a sprinkling device during field drying, the sprinkling is carried out once in 1 month on average, the sprinkling device comprises a water pump or a sprinkler, and the soil humidity is controlled not to exceed 40%.
8. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the soil turning device in the S1 comprises a soil turning machine or a mini-tiller.
9. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microbial bacteria in the soil conditioner in the S4 comprise yeasts, actinomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, azotobacteria and phosphorus and potassium solubilizing bacteria.
10. The method for improving the soil for planting selenium-rich vegetables according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the small and medium-sized mixer in the S4 comprises a stirrer or a mixing barrel and a stirring rod.
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| CN202010670816.0A CN111771447A (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2020-07-13 | Land improvement method applied to planting selenium-rich vegetables |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114158307A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-11 | 上海辰山植物园 | Improvement method of planting soil |
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| US5927005A (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1999-07-27 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas | Phytoremediation of heavy metals with creosote plants |
| CN104686158A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-10 | 胡齐放 | Method for improving hillside forest land to interplant high-yielding selenium-rich camellia oleifera abel |
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Application publication date: 20201016 |