CN111690832B - Cold crucible induction melting-die casting device and method for preparing block amorphous material - Google Patents
Cold crucible induction melting-die casting device and method for preparing block amorphous material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111690832B CN111690832B CN202010764192.9A CN202010764192A CN111690832B CN 111690832 B CN111690832 B CN 111690832B CN 202010764192 A CN202010764192 A CN 202010764192A CN 111690832 B CN111690832 B CN 111690832B
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
- B22D17/28—Melting pots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/003—Making ferrous alloys making amorphous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold crucible induction melting-die casting device, which comprises a vacuum melting chamber, wherein a water-cooled copper crucible is arranged in the vacuum melting chamber; an induction coil is arranged around the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crucible; the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is provided with a crucible bottom; a push rod is arranged on the lower surface of the crucible bottom and penetrates through the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber through vacuum sealing to be combined with the driving mechanism; the gun barrel is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible, and the mould chamber is arranged on the gun barrel. The invention also discloses a method for preparing the bulk amorphous material by using the device. The liquid metal has short stroke, small resistance, less temperature drop, high flowability, good filling property, high casting quality and yield, low possibility of local solidification of the liquid metal in the gun barrel, less blockage failure rate in the die casting process, long service life and high production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cold crucible induction melting-die casting device and a method for preparing a bulk amorphous material by using the device, which is a technology for realizing pressure casting of a metal bulk amorphous material under the condition of cold crucible vacuum induction melting, and belongs to the technical field of metal melting and casting.
Background
Amorphous metal materials have special properties, such as particularly high mechanical, electrical or magnetic properties, which crystalline metal materials do not have, and such materials have been developed for decades. On the basis of the conventional amorphous material, a metallic bulk amorphous material has been recently developed, which is a material capable of maintaining an amorphous structure under the condition that the cross-sectional line size reaches several millimeters. The development of the metal block amorphous material expands the practical application field of the amorphous material.
There are three technical conditions for obtaining bulk amorphous structures: 1) has a composition condition for promoting the formation of an amorphous structure; 2) the purity of the matrix is high, the content of impurities is low, and the impurities are the non-spontaneous nucleation cores of the liquid metal crystals; 3) solidifying at a sufficiently high cooling rate.
Some important bulk amorphous metallic materials are based on active or refractory metals, such as zirconium-based amorphous materials, rare earth-based amorphous materials, titanium-based amorphous materials, and the like. The cold crucible vacuum induction melting technology (alternatively called "vacuum suspension melting technology") is the most ideal means for melting active metals and refractory metals, and almost completely eliminates the pollution of gas impurities and crucible materials to metal matrixes, which is particularly important for ensuring amorphous structures.
Pressure casting, which enables liquid metal to achieve high cooling rates, is one of the most important means for fabricating bulk amorphous devices. Under the condition of cold crucible vacuum induction melting, the pressure casting technology which can be adopted comprises the following steps: firstly, pouring liquid metal into a barrel of a pressure casting machine, and then pressing the molten metal into a die chamber by using a push rod; secondly, liquid metal is injected into the barrel of the pressure casting machine through a bottom casting port at the bottom of the cold crucible, and then the molten metal is pressed into a mold chamber by a push rod, and the like. The former technique requires a relatively large melting chamber and the latter technique requires the bottom nozzle to be fitted with a very precise crucible plug. In both techniques, the molten metal is injected into the barrel by gravity, so that there is a significant drop in temperature during the casting process, which adversely affects the casting process: firstly, the metal liquid can not be completely filled into the mould, so that the casting is deficient; secondly, part of molten metal is solidified in the gun barrel, and the metal residues hinder the die casting process of the next furnace; thirdly, the temperature of the molten metal is reduced unevenly in the flowing process, so that the shrinkage of the die is uneven in the cooling process, and gaps are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the prior art, the invention provides a cold crucible induction melting-die casting device and a method for preparing a bulk amorphous material by using the device. The invention aims to develop a new method for realizing pressure casting in a cold crucible induction smelting device, which has the advantages of simple device structure, short stroke of liquid metal entering a pressure casting machine, less temperature drop, uniform temperature change, sensitive control, high cooling speed of a casting mold and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A cold crucible induction melting-die casting device comprises a vacuum melting chamber, wherein a split type water-cooled copper crucible is arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, the water-cooled copper crucible is cylindrical, two ends of the water-cooled copper crucible are opened, a spiral cooling water path is arranged in a split structure of the water-cooled copper crucible, and the spiral cooling water paths in different split structures are sequentially communicated at the non-split part of the water-cooled copper crucible;
the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crucible is provided with an induction coil for conveying an electromagnetic field to the crucible in a surrounding manner, and the induction coil is internally provided with a cooling water path and is combined with an induction power supply outside the vacuum melting chamber through a vacuum sealing structure;
the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is provided with a crucible bottom, the outer diameter of the crucible bottom is matched with the inner diameter of the water-cooled copper crucible, the crucible bottom can easily move in the crucible and the gun barrel, and the crucible bottom actually plays the role of a piston head and pushes a metal molten pool to the upper part of the crucible when moving upwards; the crucible bottom is provided with a split structure which is the same as or similar to that of the water-cooled copper crucible, (the arrangement is to ensure that an electromagnetic field can enter the crucible from the lower part of the crucible so as to fully melt metal at the bottom of the crucible), each split structure at the crucible bottom is provided with an S-shaped cooling water path, and the cooling water paths in different split structures are sequentially communicated;
a push rod is arranged on the lower surface of the crucible, penetrates through the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber through vacuum sealing and is combined with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism can drive the push rod to drive the crucible bottom to rapidly move up and down in the crucible and the gun barrel; a cooling water path is arranged in the push rod and communicated with a cooling water path arranged in the bottom of the crucible;
a gun barrel is arranged on the water-cooling copper crucible, a mold chamber is arranged on the gun barrel, or: a mould chamber is arranged above the water-cooled copper crucible (for the pressure casting process which does not need to adopt large pressure, the mode without a gun barrel can be adopted, and under the condition, the part which is not split on the upper part of the crucible plays the role of the gun barrel);
the gun barrel is closely combined with the water-cooled copper crucible, and has the same axis and the same inner diameter with the water-cooled copper crucible;
the mould chamber is closely combined with a gun barrel or a water-cooled copper crucible;
a cooling water channel is arranged in the die chamber;
the vacuum melting chamber is connected with a vacuum device or system which can provide vacuum atmosphere for the melting chamber;
the vacuum melting chamber is connected with an inert gas filling device or system which can provide inert gas atmosphere for the melting chamber; preferably, the inert gas is argon.
Further, the water-cooled copper crucible has the same inner diameter along the axis.
Further, the upper section of the water-cooled copper crucible is not split, the purpose is to increase the rigidity of the crucible so as to bear the casting pressure, and the height of the upper section which is not split is 1/20-1/3 of the total height of the crucible.
Further, the induction coil is a water-cooling red copper induction coil.
Further, the height from the upper opening of the crucible to the induction coil is 1/10-1/2 of the total height of the crucible, and the purpose of the arrangement is as follows: the position of the gun barrel is away from the induction coil by a certain distance, so that the electromagnetic field can be prevented from forming eddy current at the gun barrel and losing energy.
Further, the upper surface at the bottom of the crucible is a concave curved surface or a conical surface, so that the purpose is that: so that the liquid metal at the bottom of the crucible can be separated from the bottom of the crucible under the action of the suspending force.
Furthermore, an S-shaped cooling water path in the split structure of the crucible bottom is attached to the concave curved surface or the conical surface on the upper surface of the crucible bottom, and the whole structure is a concave curved surface or a conical surface.
Further, the material of the crucible bottom is selected from stainless steel, high temperature alloy, refractory metal/alloy, such as red copper; in particular applications, the metal material to be smelted is selected according to its melting point, on the principle that it should be resistant to attack by the liquid metal of the material to be smelted.
Further, the driving mechanism is a power device for pushing the push rod and the crucible bottom, the driving mode is selected from manual, electric, pneumatic, hydraulic and the like, oil pressure is preferred, and the pushing force generated by the oil pressure driving device is large and easy to control.
Further, the height of the gun barrel is 0.1-1.0 times, preferably 0.2-0.5 times of the height of the crucible, and the purpose of the arrangement is as follows: so that the molten metal can enter the die chamber as soon as possible.
Further, the material of the barrel is selected from stainless steel, high-temperature alloy and refractory metal/alloy; in specific application, the proper metal material is selected according to the melting point of the metal material to be smelted, so that the gun barrel has enough high strength and rigidity, and the principle is to resist the corrosion of liquid metal of the smelted material.
Further, the barrel outer wall is equipped with resistance wire or induction coil that are used for the heating, and the purpose of so setting is: the barrel can be heated to reduce the temperature reduction of liquid metal in the process of passing through the barrel, and the temperature of the barrel is preferably ensured to be not lower than 300 ℃ and lower than the melting point of a material to be smelted by more than 200 ℃; the induction coil arranged outside the water-cooled copper crucible actually has a certain heating effect on the gun barrel.
Further, the shape and the size of the die chamber are designed according to the requirements on the shape and the size of the casting; for small castings or thin castings, a plurality of small mold cavities can be arranged or installed on the mold chamber, and a plurality of castings can be cast at one time; the mould chamber is mostly made of metal material; in order to obtain a high cooling rate and to accelerate the cooling rate of the liquid metal, it is preferable to use a water-cooled red copper mold.
Compared with the crucible for induction melting of a common cold crucible, the crucible used by the induction melting-die casting device of the cold crucible has two main differences: firstly, the height of the crucible is increased, so that the position of the gun barrel is away from the induction coil by a certain distance, and the electromagnetic field is prevented from forming eddy current loss energy at the gun barrel; second, the upper end of the crucible is not split in order to increase the rigidity of the crucible to withstand the casting pressure. The core component of the cold crucible induction smelting-die casting device is a pressure casting device consisting of a crucible bottom, a push rod, a driving mechanism, a gun barrel and a die chamber.
The method for preparing the block amorphous material by using the cold crucible induction melting-die casting device comprises the following steps:
(1) before smelting is started, a cooling water path in the water-cooled copper crucible, the crucible bottom, the mold chamber and the induction coil is communicated with a cooling system outside the vacuum smelting chamber, and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled copper crucible, the crucible bottom, the mold chamber and the induction coil;
(2) starting smelting, namely firstly pushing the bottom of the crucible to the bottom opening of a water-cooled copper crucible, and loading a metal material to be smelted into the water-cooled copper crucible under the condition of opening a vacuum device or a system;
(3) closing the vacuum melting chamber for vacuumizing, or filling inert gas with certain pressure after vacuumizing;
(4) starting an induction power supply, and transmitting high-frequency current to an induction coil to melt metal materials and form a certain superheat degree;
(5) starting a driving mechanism, rapidly pushing up the crucible bottom through a push rod, rapidly pushing the liquid metal in the water-cooled copper crucible into the mold chamber through a gun barrel or directly into the mold chamber through the crucible bottom, closing an induction power supply, and simultaneously starting a cooling system to rapidly solidify the liquid metal in the mold chamber;
(6) opening the vacuum melting chamber after the casting in the mold chamber is cooled, moving out the mold chamber and taking out the casting; and adding new metal raw materials into the water-cooled copper crucible, and carrying out the smelting and casting operation of the next furnace.
Further, in the step (5), the pressure generated by the push rod is 10-300 MPa, preferably 50-200 MPa; the speed of the push rod is 10 to 1000mm/s, preferably 100 to 300 mm/s.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. in the cold crucible induction melting-die casting device, the crucible, the gun barrel and the die chamber are compactly combined and arranged in a row without intervals; when the metal block amorphous material is prepared, the metal melting pool is forcibly pressed into the mould at the bottom of the crucible, the stroke of the liquid metal is short, the resistance is small, the temperature drop is small, the fluidity is high, the filling property is good, and the quality and the yield of the casting are improved. In the traditional technology, the pouring casting or bottom casting process is added, which is driven by gravity, the liquid flow is dispersed, the process is slow, and the temperature drop is large.
2. According to the invention, a plurality of cooling water paths are arranged in the water-cooling copper crucible, the crucible bottom, the push rod, the induction coil, the barrel and the die chamber, and the heat capacity of water is large, so that the integral specific heat capacity of the crucible is increased, the temperature change is stable, and the temperature jump is further reduced.
3. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting device has simple structure, does not need a tilting casting device or a bottom casting device, and has compact structure, so the sizes of a vacuum melting chamber and a pressure casting device can be greatly reduced.
4. According to the invention, the cooling water path is arranged in the water-cooling copper crucible, the crucible bottom, the push rod, the induction coil and the gun barrel, and the cooling water path is arranged in the die chamber, so that the cooling time of the die is further shortened, and the cooling efficiency is improved. In addition, the cooling water path in the crucible split structure is in a double-layer spiral shape, the cooling water path in the crucible bottom split structure is in an S shape and is attached to the concave curved surface or the conical surface of the upper surface of the crucible bottom, the heat exchange area and the heat exchange efficiency are increased, on one hand, the cooling time is further shortened, on the other hand, the refrigerating time is shortened, and the sensitivity of temperature control is improved.
The various terms and phrases used herein have the ordinary meaning as is well known to those skilled in the art. To the extent that the terms and phrases are not inconsistent with known meanings, the meaning of the present invention will prevail.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a crucible bottom.
Figure 4 is a schematic drawing of the die casting process (molten metal in a water cooled copper crucible).
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the die casting process (molten metal in the die chamber).
01, a vacuum melting chamber; 02, water cooling a copper crucible; 03, an induction coil; 04, molten metal; 05, a crucible bottom; 06, a push rod; 07, a driving mechanism; 08, vacuum sealing; 09, barrel; 10, mold chamber: 11, split gap at the bottom of the crucible.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, including: vacuum melting chamber 01, the fixed water-cooling copper crucible 02 that is provided with the split formula in vacuum melting chamber 01, water-cooling copper crucible 02 is cylindricly (water-cooling copper crucible has the same internal diameter along the axis), both ends opening, be provided with heliciform cooling water route in water-cooling copper crucible 02's the split structure, heliciform cooling water route includes the big heliciform cooling water route in the outside and the little heliciform cooling water route of inboard, and big heliciform cooling water route is at the edge intercommunication of split structure, and the cooling water flows in from the big heliciform cooling water route in the outside, flows out from the little heliciform cooling water route in the middle of, and the heliciform cooling water route in the different split structures communicates in proper order in water-cooling copper crucible not split structure department. The double-spiral cooling water channel enables cooling water with lower temperature to firstly contact with a part with high temperature of the crucible, so that the heat exchange area is increased, the heat exchange effect is improved, the refrigeration time is shortened, and the temperature control is more sensitive; the inner diameter of the water-cooled copper crucible 02 is 60mm, and the height is 150 mm; the upper section of the water-cooled copper crucible 02 is not divided into sections, and the height of the upper section which is not divided into sections is 20 mm; the outer wall of water-cooling copper crucible 02 encircles and is equipped with induction coil 03 to the crucible conveying electromagnetic field, and the height from the upper mouth of water-cooling copper crucible 02 to induction coil 03 is 30 mm.
The induction coil 03 is a water-cooling red copper induction coil, and the induction coil 03 is combined with an induction power supply (80kW ultrasonic frequency power supply) outside the vacuum melting chamber 01 through a vacuum seal 08. The inside cooling water route that is provided with of induction coil 03 further increases cooling effect, shortens the mould time.
The bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible 02 is provided with a crucible bottom 05, and the outer diameter of the crucible bottom 05 is matched with the inner diameter of the water-cooled copper crucible 02; the crucible bottom 05 is provided with a split structure (shown in fig. 2, a split gap 11 at the bottom of the crucible is split) which is the same as or similar to the water-cooled copper crucible 02, and the split structure at the bottom 05 ensures that an electromagnetic field can enter the crucible from the lower part of the crucible, so that the metal at the bottom of the crucible is fully melted. Be equipped with S-shaped cooling water route in each split structure at the bottom of the crucible 05, the cooling water route in the different split structures communicates in proper order, and the concave curved surface or the conical surface laminating of 05 upper surface at the bottom of the S-shaped cooling water route in the split structure and the crucible is whole to be concave curved surface or conical surface structure to further increase heat transfer area, shorten the cool time. The upper surface of the crucible bottom 05 has an inverted truncated cone shape (as shown in fig. 3).
A push rod 06 is arranged below the crucible bottom 05, and the push rod 06 penetrates through the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber 01 through a vacuum seal 08 and is connected to a driving mechanism 07 (an oil cylinder of a hydraulic workstation); the push rod 06 is provided with a cooling water path which is communicated with a cooling water path arranged in the crucible bottom 05. The length of the push rod is enough to push the material at the bottom of the crucible to the mold chamber.
A gun barrel 09 (made of 304 stainless steel) is arranged on the water-cooled copper crucible 02, and has an inner diameter of 60mm, a height of 30mm and a thickness of 10 mm; a die chamber 10 is arranged on the gun barrel 09, the inner diameter of the lower opening of the die chamber 10 is also 60mm, the inner diameter of the upper opening is 120mm, and the height of the inner space is 6 mm; the gun barrel 09 is closely combined with the water-cooled copper crucible 02 and has the same axis and the same inner diameter with the crucible; the mould chamber 10 is intimately associated with the barrel 09; and the die chamber 10 and the induction coil 03 are both provided with cooling water paths.
The vacuum melting chamber 01 is connected with a vacuum device which can provide vacuum atmosphere for the vacuum melting chamber 01; the vacuum melting chamber 01 is connected with an argon filling device which can provide argon atmosphere for the vacuum melting chamber 01.
The cold crucible induction melting-die casting device is utilized to prepare the block amorphous material: before the melting is started, cooling water paths in the water-cooled copper crucible 02, the crucible bottom 05, the mold chamber 10 and the induction coil 03 are communicated with a cooling system outside the vacuum melting chamber 01, and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled copper crucible 02, the crucible bottom 05, the mold chamber 10 and the induction coil 03.
0.5kg of Zr-Cu alloy is filled into a water-cooled copper crucible 02, the vacuum degree of a vacuum melting chamber 01 is pumped to 5 multiplied by 10 < -2 > Pa, then a superaudio power supply is started, a hydraulic work station is started, the alloy is melted and then is kept warm for 2 minutes (as shown in figure 4, molten metal 04 is in the water-cooled copper crucible 02), then, under the condition of keeping heating current, a push rod 06 pushes the crucible bottom 05 upwards at the speed of 100mm/sec, the molten metal 04 is quickly pushed into a die chamber 10 (as shown in figure 5), an induction power supply is closed, meanwhile, a cooling system is started, the pressure is kept for 1 minute under the condition that the pressure of an oil cylinder reaches 100MPa, and the liquid metal in the die chamber is solidified. Thereafter, the power supply and the hydraulic work station are turned off.
The vacuum melting chamber 01 is opened, the mold chamber 10 is removed from the barrel 09, and the solidified alloy pieces are taken out from the mold chamber 10. X-ray diffraction analysis proves that the alloy sheet obtained by die casting has an amorphous structure, uniform texture and no internal micro-cracks.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The cold crucible induction smelting-die casting device is characterized in that: the split type water-cooled copper crucible is arranged in the vacuum melting chamber, the water-cooled copper crucible is cylindrical, two ends of the water-cooled copper crucible are opened, the upper section of the water-cooled copper crucible is not split, the height of the upper section of the water-cooled copper crucible is 1/20-1/3 of the total height of the crucible, a spiral cooling water path is arranged in a split structure of the water-cooled copper crucible, the spiral cooling water path comprises a large spiral cooling water path on the outer side and a small spiral cooling water path on the inner side, the large spiral cooling water path and the small spiral cooling water path are communicated at the edge of the split structure, cooling water flows in from the large spiral cooling water path on the outer side and flows out from the small spiral cooling water path in the middle, and the spiral cooling water paths in different split structures are sequentially communicated at the position of the water;
an induction coil for conveying an electromagnetic field to the crucible is arranged on the outer wall of the water-cooled copper crucible in a surrounding mode, the induction coil is combined with an induction power supply outside the vacuum melting chamber through a vacuum sealing structure, and the induction coil is a water-cooled red copper induction coil;
the bottom of the water-cooled copper crucible is provided with a crucible bottom, the outer diameter of the crucible bottom is matched with the inner diameter of the water-cooled copper crucible, and the upper surface of the crucible bottom is a concave curved surface or a conical surface; the crucible bottom is provided with split structure which is the same as or similar to the water-cooled copper crucible, each split structure of the crucible bottom is provided with an S-shaped cooling water path, the cooling water paths in different split structures are sequentially communicated, and the S-shaped cooling water paths in the split structures are attached to the concave curved surface or the conical surface on the upper surface of the crucible bottom;
a push rod is arranged on the lower surface of the crucible, penetrates through the bottom of the vacuum melting chamber through vacuum sealing and is combined with the driving mechanism; a cooling water path is arranged in the push rod and communicated with a cooling water path arranged in the bottom of the crucible;
a gun barrel is arranged on the water-cooling copper crucible, a mold chamber is arranged on the gun barrel, or: a die chamber is arranged above the water-cooled copper crucible;
the gun barrel is closely combined with the water-cooled copper crucible, and has the same axis and the same inner diameter with the water-cooled copper crucible;
the mould chamber is closely combined with a gun barrel or a water-cooled copper crucible;
the die chamber and the induction coil are provided with cooling water paths;
the vacuum melting chamber is connected with a vacuum device or a system which can provide vacuum atmosphere for the vacuum melting chamber;
the vacuum melting chamber is connected with an inert gas filling device or system which can provide inert gas atmosphere for the melting chamber.
2. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the height from the upper opening of the crucible to the induction coil is 1/10-1/2 of the total height of the crucible.
3. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism is driven manually, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
4. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the height of the gun barrel is 0.1-1.0 time of the height of the crucible.
5. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the height of the gun barrel is 0.2-0.5 times of the height of the crucible;
or/and: the inert gas is argon;
or/and: the crucible bottom is made of stainless steel, high-temperature alloy or refractory metal/alloy;
or/and: the gun barrel is made of stainless steel, high-temperature alloy or refractory metal/alloy;
or/and: and a resistance wire or an induction coil for heating is arranged on the outer wall of the gun barrel.
6. The cold crucible induction melting-die casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the inner diameter of the water-cooled copper crucible is 60mm, and the height of the water-cooled copper crucible is 150 mm; the upper section of the water-cooled copper crucible is not divided into sections, and the height of the upper section which is not divided into sections is 20 mm; the height from the upper opening of the crucible to the induction coil is 30 mm; the inner diameter of the gun barrel is 60mm, the height of the gun barrel is 30mm, and the thickness of the gun barrel is 10 mm; the inner diameter of the lower opening of the die chamber is also 60mm, the inner diameter of the upper opening is 120mm, and the height of the inner space is 6 mm.
7. A method for preparing bulk amorphous material by using the cold crucible induction melting-die casting device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, before smelting is started, communicating a cooling water path in a water-cooled copper crucible, a crucible bottom, a mold chamber and an induction coil with a cooling system outside a vacuum smelting chamber, and introducing cooling water into the water-cooled copper crucible, the crucible bottom, the mold chamber and the induction coil;
step two, starting smelting, namely pushing the bottom of the crucible to the bottom opening of a water-cooled copper crucible, and loading a metal material to be smelted into the water-cooled copper crucible under the condition of opening a vacuum device or a system;
step three, closing the vacuum melting chamber for vacuumizing, or filling inert gas with certain pressure after vacuumizing;
step four, starting an induction power supply, and transmitting high-frequency current to an induction coil to melt the metal material and form a certain superheat degree;
step five, starting a driving mechanism, rapidly pushing up the crucible bottom through a push rod, rapidly pushing the liquid metal in the water-cooled copper crucible into the mold chamber through the gun barrel or directly into the mold chamber through the crucible bottom, closing an induction power supply, and simultaneously starting a cooling system to rapidly solidify the liquid metal in the mold chamber;
and step six, after the casting in the mold chamber is cooled, opening the vacuum melting chamber, moving out the mold chamber and taking out the casting.
8. The method for preparing bulk amorphous material according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the pressure generated by the push rod is 10-300 MPa; the speed of the push rod is 10-1000 mm/s.
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| CN112393588A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-23 | 宝鸡华煜鼎尊材料技术有限公司 | Induction smelting cold crucible with full suspension and strong stirring capacity |
| CN112344733A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-09 | 河北钢研德凯科技有限公司 | Water-cooled copper crucible and vacuum suspension smelting device |
| CN113319267B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-15 | 李碚 | Extrusion casting device equipped for suspension smelting equipment and suspension smelting-extrusion casting method |
| CN113290232B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-06-14 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Reverse gravity filling forming method for large-size complex amorphous alloy component |
| CN115301909B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-03-22 | 励德装备技术(宁波)有限公司 | Suspension smelting equipment with ingot pulling-down function and ingot pulling-down method |
| CN117969218B (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-06-21 | 烟台大学 | Device and method for preparing high-temperature alloy rare earth element gradient segregation sample |
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Denomination of invention: Cold crucible induction melting die casting device and method for preparing bulk amorphous materials Effective date of registration: 20230911 Granted publication date: 20210706 Pledgee: Ningbo Cixi Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Lide Equipment Technology (Ningbo) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980056155 |