CN111684961A - Greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system - Google Patents
Greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111684961A CN111684961A CN202010582302.XA CN202010582302A CN111684961A CN 111684961 A CN111684961 A CN 111684961A CN 202010582302 A CN202010582302 A CN 202010582302A CN 111684961 A CN111684961 A CN 111684961A
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system which comprises a single chip microcomputer, a change-over switch, an infrared remote controller, an environment sensor and controlled equipment, wherein the change-over switch, the infrared remote controller, the environment sensor and the controlled equipment are connected with the single chip microcomputer; the power supply is connected to the singlechip and controlled equipment through a change-over switch, and the change-over switch is used for realizing double power supply switching between the singlechip and mechanical manual control; the infrared remote controller controls the single chip microcomputer to realize infrared remote control manual control, and the single chip microcomputer automatically controls two control modes according to a detection signal of the environment sensor; the controlled equipment comprises a single-phase alternating current motor and a three-phase alternating current motor, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor through the modular relay circuit. The intelligent greenhouse intelligent irrigation system has the modes of manual mechanical control, infrared remote control and intelligent automatic control, can control strong electricity through weak electricity, combines different sensors, realizes the functions of intelligent irrigation, intelligent lighting, intelligent ventilation, intelligent temperature control and the like of a greenhouse, and simultaneously adopts a modular design, so that the stability and the adaptability of the system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic control, and relates to a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system.
Background
Healthy cities are gradually becoming global action strategies from the 80 s of the twentieth century. The vegetable basket project makes great contribution to the construction of healthy cities. The production and supply of greenhouse vegetables are not only related to the quality of life of residents, but also are a big problem of nationality. However, for a long time, the greenhouse production in China faces a plurality of challenges:
(1) the greenhouse is too high or too low in temperature, difficult to control, not beneficial to pesticide degradation, causing pesticide residues and causing harm to soil and ecological environment;
(2) the greenhouse vegetable illumination is difficult to reach an appropriate state, the photosynthesis of plants is influenced, the vegetable is lack of nutrient components such as chlorophyll and vitamin C, the content of nitrate is increased, and the health of residents is not facilitated;
(3) the greenhouse is poor in ventilation, and the mineral substance nutrition content of the vegetables is insufficient;
(4) the intelligent degree of the greenhouse is too low, manual operation is too much, the labor cost is too high, and the efficiency is too low;
(5) in the aspect of circuit control of the greenhouse, the potential safety hazard of strong current control is overlarge, the control is inconvenient, the control flexibility is insufficient, the timeliness is not strong, and the control precision is to be improved.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a modular multi-mode intelligent control system for improving intelligent greenhouse control.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current research situation and the existing problems, the invention provides a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system which has three modes of manual mechanical control, infrared remote control and intelligent automatic control. In the modes, strong current can be controlled through weak current, and the starting, the stopping and the positive and negative rotation of the single-phase alternating current motor and the starting, the stopping and the positive and negative rotation of the three-phase motor are realized. Meanwhile, the system is combined with different sensors, and functions of intelligent irrigation, intelligent lighting, intelligent ventilation, intelligent temperature control and the like of the vegetable basket greenhouse are achieved, so that the greenhouse is in a good environment which is favorable for growth of crops, pesticide residues and nitrate content of the crops are reduced, and healthy development of urban vegetable basket engineering is promoted. Meanwhile, the system adopts a modular design, so that the stability and the adaptability of the system are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific scheme is as follows:
a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system comprises a single chip microcomputer, a change-over switch, an infrared remote controller, an environment sensor and controlled equipment, wherein the change-over switch, the infrared remote controller, the environment sensor and the controlled equipment are connected with the single chip microcomputer; wherein,
the power supply is connected to the single chip microcomputer and the controlled equipment through the change-over switch, and the change-over switch is used for realizing double power supply switching between the single chip microcomputer and mechanical manual control;
the infrared remote controller controls whether the single chip microcomputer receives a detection signal of the environment sensor or not to realize manual infrared remote control, and the single chip microcomputer automatically controls two control modes according to the detection signal of the environment sensor;
the controlled equipment comprises a single-phase alternating current motor and a three-phase alternating current motor, and the single chip microcomputer controls the starting, stopping and positive and negative rotation of the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor through a modular relay circuit.
Preferably, the environmental sensor includes a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a light-sensitive sensor, and a soil humidity sensor.
Preferably, the operation mode selection operation is performed through the infrared remote controller, and comprises
The infrared remote control manual control is realized, and a control signal of the controlled equipment is sent through an infrared remote controller;
and automatically controlling, wherein upper and lower limit thresholds of the environment sensor are set through an infrared remote controller, and the singlechip receives a detection signal of the environment sensor and compares the detection signal with the upper and lower limit thresholds to control the gating of the modular relay circuit.
Preferably, after the selection of the working mode is completed, the single chip microcomputer detects the environment sensor to check whether the single chip microcomputer works normally, and if the single chip microcomputer does not work normally, the single chip microcomputer stops executing the next operation until a detection signal of the environment sensor is received in the next period.
Preferably, the single chip microcomputer is connected to the plurality of modular relay circuits through the driving main board, and each modular relay circuit is connected to a power supply which comprises three-phase power or single-phase power.
Preferably, the circuit that the single-chip microcomputer controls the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor through the modular relay circuit includes: the controller, the relay I, the relay II, the relay III and the driving sub-board are arranged on the main board; wherein,
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay adopt the same type of relay, a pin 3 and a pin 4 of the relay are movable contacts, a pin 5 and a pin 6 are armature connection points, and a pin 7 and a pin 8 are control circuit connection points;
a live wire U at the three-phase four-wire power supply end is connected with a pin 5 of a first relay, a live wire V is connected with a pin 5 of a second relay and a pin 6 of a third relay, and a live wire W is connected with a pin 6 of the second relay and the pin 6 of the third relay;
and pins 7 and 8 of the relay I, the relay II and the relay III are electrically connected with the driving sub-board, and the driving sub-board is electrically connected with the driving main board and used for receiving a control signal for on-off of the relay.
Preferably, the single-phase alternating current motor is used for controlling high-load electric equipment and comprises a fan and a low-power curtain motor, and the three-phase alternating current motor is used for controlling high-load electric equipment and comprises transportation equipment, a water pump and a high-power curtain.
Preferably, the controlled equipment further comprises an electromagnetic valve, and the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve through a modular relay circuit and is used for realizing automatic on-off control of the irrigation waterway.
Preferably, the controlled equipment further comprises a heating lamp, and the single chip microcomputer controls the heating lamp through a modular relay circuit and is used for realizing automatic on-off control of the irrigation waterway.
Preferably, the device also comprises a display screen electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer and used for displaying the detection signal value of the environment sensor and the setting information input by the infrared remote controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system which has control modes such as manual mechanical control, infrared remote control and intelligent automatic control, wherein strong electricity is controlled by weak electricity in the control modes, so that the greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system has the characteristics of high safety, complete functions, wide adaptability and the like, and meets different requirements of a control system of a greenhouse of an urban vegetable basket. The intelligent irrigation system combines different sensors to realize the functions of intelligent irrigation, intelligent lighting, intelligent ventilation, intelligent temperature control and the like of the vegetable basket greenhouse, and can ensure that crops are in a proper growing environment. Meanwhile, the invention adopts a modular design, thereby improving the stability and the adaptability of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from the provided drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-mode intelligent control system for a greenhouse provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an intelligent temperature and humidity control system under a single-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an intelligent transportation control circuit under a single-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an automatic window shade control circuit under a single-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an automatic window shade control circuit under a three-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a single-phase motor start/stop and motor forward/reverse rotation control circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a start/stop control circuit for a three-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of forward and reverse rotation control of a three-phase motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a drive assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a pin diagram of a relay provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of multi-mode intelligent control switching of a greenhouse provided by the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a manual control mode of the greenhouse provided by the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an automatic control mode of the greenhouse provided by the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of environmental parameter control under multi-mode intelligent control of a greenhouse provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system which comprises a single chip microcomputer, a change-over switch, an infrared remote controller, an environment sensor and controlled equipment, wherein the change-over switch, the infrared remote controller, the environment sensor and the controlled equipment are connected with the single chip microcomputer; the power supply is connected to the singlechip and controlled equipment through a change-over switch, and the change-over switch is used for realizing double power supply switching between the singlechip and mechanical manual control; the infrared remote controller controls whether the single chip microcomputer receives a detection signal of the environment sensor or not to realize the manual control of infrared remote control, and the single chip microcomputer automatically controls two control modes according to the detection signal of the environment sensor; the controlled equipment comprises a single-phase alternating current motor and a three-phase alternating current motor, and the single chip microcomputer controls the starting, stopping and forward and reverse rotation of the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor through the modular relay circuit.
Referring to fig. 11-13, the dual power supply switching between the single chip microcomputer and the mechanical manual operation is realized through a three-gear two-section change-over switch. When the gear is rotated to the first gear, the mechanical manual control is carried out, when the gear is rotated to the 0 gear, the mechanical manual control is not controlled, and when the gear is rotated to the 2 gear, the single chip microcomputer control is carried out. For convenient accurate management big-arch shelter internal environment, the singlechip has set up two kinds of control modes of infrared remote control manual and intelligent control, and after the sensor initialization finishes, the singlechip automatic control carries out the mode selection operation again through infrared remote controller down, includes: the infrared remote control manual control is realized, and a control signal of the controlled equipment is sent through an infrared remote controller; and automatic control, wherein upper and lower limit thresholds of the environment sensor are set through the infrared remote controller, and the single chip receives a detection signal of the environment sensor and compares the detection signal with the upper and lower limit thresholds to control the gating of the modular relay circuit. The intelligent control mode is that the single chip microcomputer collects environmental data through a sensor and controls the operation of various functions of the greenhouse by comparing and analyzing parameter reference values set manually; the infrared remote control manual mode is used for manually controlling the operation of various functions of the greenhouse through an infrared remote controller.
The purpose of sensor initialization detection is to detect whether the sensor works normally, and prevent abnormal operation of the system caused by parameter disorder caused by no sensor in an automatic mode.
And after the working mode is selected, the single chip microcomputer detects the environment sensor to check whether the single chip microcomputer normally works or not, and if the single chip microcomputer does not normally work, the single chip microcomputer stops executing the next operation until a detection signal of the environment sensor is received in the next period.
The singlechip is connected to a plurality of modularization relay circuits through the drive total board, and each modularization relay circuit inserts the power and includes three-phase electricity or single-phase electricity. Referring to fig. 9, a pin diagram of a driving board is shown, the driving board has 38 pins, pins 7 and 8 of a group of relays are arranged in pairs from 01 to 24, and serve as interfaces of a relay driving circuit, and pins 25 to 36 serve as interfaces of a control signal of a control circuit, and receive an output signal of a controller for controlling the operation of the relay driving circuit, so that each relay is matched with three pins on the driving board. VCC is +12V power supply, and GND is driving general board earth.
The single-phase alternating current motor is used for controlling high-load electric equipment and comprises a fan and a low-power curtain motor, and the three-phase alternating current motor is used for controlling the high-load electric equipment and comprises transportation equipment, a water pump and a high-power curtain. The following provides a relay circuit module for controlling different ac motors, wherein the relays used in the embodiment are of the same type, see the relay pin diagram provided in fig. 10, relay pins 1 and 2 are stationary contacts, pins 3 and 4 are moving contacts, pins 5 and 6 are armature terminals, and pins 7 and 8 are control circuit terminals.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a control circuit for starting and stopping a single-phase motor and forward and reverse rotation of the motor, and is used for realizing the starting and stopping of single-phase electricity and the forward and reverse rotation of the motor based on relay control.
The open-close state of the relay control circuit is controlled by weak current, and the on-off state of a circuit connected with the normal and movable contacts is further controlled. Therefore, the control of starting and stopping of the single-phase power supply is realized.
The two relays can realize the control of the forward and reverse rotation of the single-phase motor, as shown in figure 6, the movable contact of one relay is connected with the position 1 and the single-phase electric firing wire, the movable contact of the other relay is connected with the position 2 and the single-phase electric firing wire, and the forward and reverse rotation can be realized by changing the closing state of the two relays. In the present embodiment, the interlock is realized by the code and the external switch.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a start-stop control circuit of a three-phase motor, which is used for realizing the start-stop of three-phase power based on relay control.
In order to meet the requirement of higher-power equipment, the control system is provided with a control module which can also adapt to the equipment with three-phase alternating current. The working principle of the three-phase alternating current motor is as follows: when a three-phase power supply is connected into the stator winding, the stator winding can generate a rotating magnetic field. The direction of rotation of the rotating magnetic field is related to the phase sequence of the current in the winding. The phase sequence U, V, W is arranged clockwise, the magnetic field rotates clockwise, if any two of the three power lines are reversed, the phase sequence will change, the magnetic field rotates counterclockwise, and the three-phase motor will be reversed. The invention realizes the control of starting, stopping and positive and negative rotation of the three-phase alternating current motor by utilizing the high-power relay HHC 71A. The drive board is provided with two relay drive circuit interfaces for the relay 3 and the relay 4 respectively, and is electrically connected with the pin 7 and the pin 8 respectively; the driving main board is provided with control signal interfaces corresponding to the relay 3 and the relay 4 and is electrically connected with the controller.
A live wire U at the three-phase four-wire power supply end is connected with a pin 5 of the relay 1, a live wire V is connected with a pin 5 of the relay 2, and a live wire W is connected with a pin 6 of the relay 2; pins 3 of the relay I1 and the relay II 2 are respectively connected to A, B phase input ends of the three-phase alternating current motor 19, and pins 4 of the relay 2 are connected to a C phase input end of the three-phase alternating current motor 19; and pins 7 and 8 of the relay I1 and the relay II 2 are electrically connected with a driving sub-board 13, and the driving sub-board is electrically connected with a driving main board and used for receiving a control signal for switching on and off the relay. Indicator lamps 26 are respectively connected in series between the zero line N of the three-phase four-wire system power supply end and the input ends of the A phase, the B phase and the C phase of the three-phase alternating current motor 19. When the drive board controls the first relay 1 and the second relay 2 to be closed, the three-phase alternating current motor 19 is connected to a three-phase four-wire system power supply end to start working, and meanwhile, the three-phase circuit indicator lamp 26 is electrified, so that the indicator circuit is conducted.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of forward and reverse rotation control of a three-phase motor, which is used for realizing forward and reverse rotation of three-phase power based on relay control.
In the great application occasion of load, must use powerful electrical equipment, for example transport the link, for example the solenoid valve or single-phase water pump are not suitable when water supply load is great, when must using the three-phase water pump, for example the opening and shutting of the sunshade screen of some slope greenhouses also can use the three-phase motor, these equipment can adopt the three-phase alternating current motor drive of three-phase four-wire system this moment.
The relay 3, the relay 4 and the relay 5 adopt the same type of relay, a pin 1 and a pin 2 of the relay are static contacts, a pin 3 and a pin 4 are movable contacts, a pin 5 and a pin 6 are armature connection points, and a pin 7 and a pin 8 are control circuit connection points; a live wire U at the three-phase four-wire power supply end is connected with a pin 5 of a relay 1, a live wire V is connected with a pin 5 of the relay 4 and a pin 5 of a relay 5, and a live wire W is connected with a pin 6 of the relay 4 and the pin 5; pins 3 of the relay 3, the relay 4 and the relay 5 are respectively connected with an A-phase output end, a B-phase output end and a C-phase input end of the frequency converter 24, the A-phase input end, the B-phase input end and the C-phase output end of the frequency converter 24 are respectively and correspondingly connected to A, B, C three-phase input ends of the three-phase alternating current motor 19, a pin 4 of the relay 4 is connected to the C-phase input end of the frequency converter 24, a pin 4 of the relay 5 is connected to the B-phase input end of the frequency converter 24, and the rotating speed of the conveyor belt three-phase alternating current motor 19 is adjusted by; pins 7 and 8 of the relay 3, the relay 4 and the relay 5 are electrically connected with a driving sub-board 13, the driving sub-board 13 is electrically connected with a driving main board, and the driving main board is electrically connected with a single chip microcomputer and used for receiving control signals for on-off of the relay. A path connecting a zero line N of the three-phase four-wire power supply end with a pin 1 of the relay 3 is connected with an indicator lamp I21 in series; a second indicator lamp 22 is connected in series between the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the relay 4; and an indicator lamp III 23 is connected in series between the pin 1 and the pin 2 of the relay 5.
In this embodiment, the three-phase ac motor can realize rotation reversal by arbitrarily exchanging two-phase sequences, and the phase sequences of the relay 4 and the relay 5 are opposite. Under the condition of ensuring the normal work of the relay 3, the forward and reverse rotation of the three-phase alternating current motor can be realized by changing the on-off of the relay 4 and the relay 5. The indicator lamp in the circuit is connected at a normally closed end, so when the system main power supply is turned on, the first indicator lamp 21 is turned on, the second indicator lamp 22 and the third indicator lamp 23 are turned off, the fact that the three-phase alternating current motor 19 is not connected with the power supply is indicated, when the second indicator lamp 22 is turned on and the first indicator lamp 21 is turned off, the fact that the three-phase alternating current motor 19 rotates forwards is indicated, and when the third indicator lamp 23 is turned on and the first indicator lamp 21 is turned off, the fact that the three-phase alternating current motor 19 rotates backwards is indicated.
When the system enters an intelligent control mode, the curtain, the exhaust fan, the heating lamp and the water pump are converted into single-chip microcomputer automatic control, and the conveyor belt is not required to be opened, so that the using condition of the conveyor belt is not fixed, and manual control is continuously adopted.
The environmental sensors include humidity sensors, temperature sensors, light sensitive sensors and soil humidity sensors. The single chip microcomputer acquires environmental parameters from the sensors: the parameters such as temperature, soil humidity, light intensity and the like are compared with the upper limit value and the lower limit value which are set manually, and when the parameters are lower than the lower limit value or higher than the upper limit set value, corresponding functions are realized, for example: when the temperature is higher than the set upper limit, the exhaust fan is turned on to cool. The parameter reference value can enter a reference setting mode and be set according to actual requirements.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an intelligent temperature and humidity control system under a single-phase motor. The system can realize intelligent ventilation, intelligent temperature control and intelligent irrigation (humidity control), an input power supply is 220V alternating current, a driving sub-board is connected with a driving circuit to run wires, 14 is a speed regulator, 16 is a heating lamp, 18 is an electromagnetic valve and 15 is a single-phase alternating current motor. The singlechip controls the electromagnetic valve through the modular relay circuit, and can be used for realizing automatic on-off control of an irrigation waterway. The single chip microcomputer controls the heating lamp through the modularized relay circuit, and can be used for realizing automatic on-off control of an irrigation water path. The other devices are the same as before. Each motor is provided with a speed regulator, the rotating speed of the motor can be regulated according to actual requirements, the speed regulator in the figure 2 is a single-phase alternating current motor speed regulator, AC is a 220V alternating current input end, COM is a zero line output end of the speed regulator, and CO1 and CO2 are live line output ends of the speed regulator. The single-phase power supply is connected to the single-phase motor and the relay 6 through the speed regulator, and the single-phase motor is electrically connected with the relay 6; the single-phase power supply is connected with the heating lamp and the relay 7; the single-phase power supply is connected with the electromagnetic valve and the relay 8; the relay 6, the relay 7, and the relay 8 are all connected to the drive total board 17 through the drive sub board 13.
The relay circuit module shown in fig. 2 can be used to implement the following intelligent control functions:
the realization of intelligence ventilation:
the DS18B20 temperature sensor is connected with the single chip microcomputer control circuit, the temperature is detected by the sensor, when the temperature is higher than a set threshold value, an electric signal is output, the single chip microcomputer control circuit converts the electric signal and outputs the electric signal, the electric signal is input into the relay 1 control circuit in the figure 2, the relay works, the controlled circuit is switched on, the exhaust fan works, and ventilation and cooling are carried out. When the temperature is lower than the set threshold value, an electric signal is output, the singlechip control circuit processes the output of the electric signal, the output signal is input into the relay control circuit, the relay works, the controlled circuit is disconnected, and the exhaust fan stops working.
Realization of intelligence heating:
the DS18B20 temperature sensor is connected with the single chip microcomputer control circuit, the temperature is detected by the sensor, when the temperature is lower than a set threshold value, an electric signal is output, after the single chip microcomputer receives the signal, the single chip microcomputer processes the electric signal, the relay 7 control circuit in the figure 2 is turned on, the relay works, the controlled circuit is turned on, and the heating lamp works to supply heat. When the temperature is higher than the set threshold value, the sensor outputs an electric signal, the single chip microcomputer processes the electric signal, a control circuit of the relay is disconnected, the relay works, the controlled circuit is disconnected, and the heating lamp stops working.
The realization of intelligent irrigation:
YL69 soil moisture sensor links to each other with single chip microcomputer control circuit, detects humidity by the sensor, and output signal of telecommunication when humidity is less than the settlement threshold value, the received signal of telecommunication is handled to the singlechip, gives 8 control circuit power supplies in relay of fig. 2, and the relay work makes by the control circuit switch-on, and solenoid valve circular telegram activation work makes rivers switch on, and the water source reaches the gondola water faucet and begins the water spray. When the humidity is higher than the set threshold value, an electric signal is output, the single chip microcomputer processes the received signal again, the control circuit of the relay is disconnected, the relay works, the controlled circuit is disconnected, the electromagnetic valve switches the mode, the water flow channel is closed, and the shower head stops spraying water.
The control circuit diagram of the three-phase water pump can be seen in fig. 7 or fig. 8, the electromagnetic valve is suitable for small irrigation, when the irrigation load is large, the electromagnetic valve can be replaced by a single-phase water pump, even by the three-phase water pump in the circuits of fig. 7 and fig. 8, wherein 19 is a three-phase water pump motor, the rest is the same as a forward and reverse circuit of the three-phase motor, a driving plate (driving plate expansion) in the circuit is not matched with a port in a driving main plate, a three-phase equipment port in an original circuit can be replaced according to actual specific requirements, and a new expansion main plate can be additionally arranged.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of intelligent transportation control under a single-phase motor, and is used for realizing an intelligent transportation process controlled by the single-phase motor. The conveyer main part comprises conveyer belt, transmission gyro wheel and support frame, and the bottom side symmetry sets up to the supporting leg, and the conveyer belt passes through transmission gyro wheel transmission nature with the rotating electrical machines and is connected. Because the requirement of the conveyor belt needs to be determined by a user, when the conveyor belt needs to be used, the infrared remote control mode needs to be switched to determine whether the relay in the figure 3 is electrified or not to realize forward and reverse rotation, wherein the figure 3 is a 220V alternating current input power supply, the figure 14 is a speed regulator, and the figure 20 is a capacitance split-phase asynchronous alternating current motor. Or directly to mechanical manual control, and the mechanical switch is used for controlling the electrification of the relay control circuit. Pin 4 of the relay 9 is connected with CO2 of the speed regulator 14, pin 5 is connected with the a end of the split-phase capacitor asynchronous ac motor 20, pin 3 of the relay 10 is connected with CO1 of the speed regulator 14, and pin 5 is connected with the B end of the split-phase capacitor asynchronous ac motor 20.
The intelligent transportation control in the application occasion with larger load can adopt a three-phase four-wire system three-phase alternating current motor for driving, the circuit diagram of which is shown in fig. 7-8, wherein 21 is a conveyor belt starting indicator light, 22 and 23 are forward and reverse rotation indicator lights, 24 is a frequency converter, 13 is a driving division plate, and the rotating speed of the conveyor belt three-phase motor is adjusted by the action of the frequency converter in a frequency conversion mode. The system comprises a single-phase motor start-stop and forward-reverse rotation control circuit and a three-phase motor start-stop and forward-reverse rotation control circuit, and a user can select the single-phase control or the three-phase control circuit according to actual requirements.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an automatic curtain control circuit under a single-phase motor, which is used for realizing intelligent lighting control. The motor is connected with the linear guide rail, and the reciprocating motion of the sliding block on the straight line is controlled by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. One end of the curtain is connected with the sliding block so as to control the opening and closing of the curtain, and when the curtain is pulled to a certain degree, the motor circuit is disconnected by the limiting device connected in the circuit, so that the motor stops running. The photosensitive diode module sensitive sensor is connected with the singlechip control circuit, and then the singlechip control relay 11 and the relay 12 control the positive and negative rotation of the motor. Referring to fig. 4, reference numeral 25 in the figure is a stopper, when the light intensity is higher than the set threshold, the single chip microcomputer controls the relay to work left, so that the controlled circuit is switched on, the motor starts to rotate forward, the curtain is pulled up, when the curtain moves to the contact position of the stopper, the normally closed end at the left of the stopper is switched off, the circuit is powered off, and the motor stops working. When the light intensity is at the set threshold value, the singlechip controls the right relay to work, so that the controlled circuit is switched on, the motor starts to rotate reversely, the curtain is closed, when the curtain moves to the contact position of the limiter, the normally closed end at the right side of the limiter is switched off, the circuit is powered off, and the motor stops working.
The curtain is opened and closed to a limited extent (fully opened and fully closed), and the circuit needs to be powered off to prevent the curtain from moving out of range. The stopper directly connects on the circuit live wire, installs at the track both ends of (window) curtain, when the (window) curtain stroke reached the limit, can touch the contact of stopper for the disconnection of stopper normal close end, the circuit outage, the motor stall.
In a normal state, the normally closed end of the position limiter is limited by the elastic force of the internal closing spring and is in a closed state (so called as the normally closed end), when the contact is stressed and the spring is extruded, the normally closed end can be disconnected, and the current state of the position limiter in the figure is the normally closed end closed state.
Referring to fig. 5, which is a diagram of an automatic curtain control circuit under a three-phase motor, wherein 26 and 27 are stoppers, because the three-phase motor is dangerous in phase-loss operation, the stoppers are mounted on the driving circuit of the relays, and when the stoppers are triggered, the three-phase power supply is directly cut off, i.e. the driving power supplies of the relays 1 and 2 (forward rotation) or 1 and 3 (reverse rotation) are simultaneously cut off, so that the curtain stops, and the rest devices are as shown in fig. 8.
The embodiment also provides a manual control mode for realizing the overall control of the greenhouse. The method comprises a mechanical manual control mode and an infrared remote control manual mode, wherein the mechanical manual control mode comprises that two change-over switches with three gears and one section control the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of a motor, when the motor rotates to 1 gear, the motor rotates forward, when the motor rotates to 0 gear, the motor stops working, and when the motor rotates to 2 gears, the motor rotates reversely; realize the power supply to light filling heating lamp, solenoid valve, exhaust fan motor by 3 switches. The remote control process comprises the following steps: the system enters an infrared remote control manual mode, all functions are realized through infrared remote control, the single chip microcomputer performs corresponding processing after receiving a control signal, high level or low level of an IO port is configured, the actuation/disconnection of the relay is controlled through the amplifying circuit, and then the operation of a curtain, a conveyor belt, an exhaust fan, a heating lamp and a water pump is controlled, so that the environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, light intensity and the like are changed.
The system also comprises a display screen electrically connected with the singlechip and used for displaying the detection signal value of the environment sensor and the setting information input by the infrared remote controller. The method comprises the following steps of:
mode selection interface, at this interface, we can select the mode that whole big-arch shelter will enter through infrared remote controller: infrared remote control manual mode/intelligent control mode.
The method comprises the steps that a sensor initializes an interface, when a working mode is selected, a single chip microcomputer can detect the sensor to check whether the single chip microcomputer normally works, if the single chip microcomputer does not normally work, the single chip microcomputer stops executing codes and waits for the normal work of the sensor, and therefore the automatic mode is entered under the condition that the sensor does not work, and the system is prevented from abnormally running due to error parameters read by the single chip microcomputer.
And after the greenhouse normally enters a working mode, four greenhouse environment indexes of air temperature, air humidity, soil humidity and environment light intensity are displayed on the parameter display interface.
A settings selection interface that displays settings content options, 1 is a temperature setting, 2 is a humidity setting, and 3 is a light intensity setting.
And a reference setting interface which displays the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the reference of max and min. Wherein, in the temperature reference value, there is a top to set for, the top is the biggest temperature that the big-arch shelter can bear, when the temperature is higher than this limit, starts the exhaust fan, for the big-arch shelter cooling.
An internal reference value interface where all reference values may be displayed and pressing the back key may return to the previous interface.
The system can be used for centralized management by placing the whole control system in a distribution box in a marketization mode. The specific scheme is as follows: all control systems and relay circuits are drawn on one circuit board, most of routing wires are hidden in the board, and therefore the whole distribution box is more attractive, and users can normally use the distribution box only through simple wiring. The relay circuit is controlled to be modularized for different functions, so that maintenance and management of a user for a single function are facilitated, and the function modules are convenient to increase and decrease according to the needs of customers.
The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system provided by the invention is described in detail, a specific example is applied in the text to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (10)
1. A greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system is characterized by comprising a single chip microcomputer, a change-over switch, an infrared remote controller, an environment sensor and controlled equipment, wherein the change-over switch, the infrared remote controller, the environment sensor and the controlled equipment are connected with the single chip microcomputer; wherein,
the power supply is connected to the single chip microcomputer and the controlled equipment through the change-over switch, and the change-over switch is used for realizing double power supply switching between the single chip microcomputer and mechanical manual control;
the infrared remote controller controls whether the single chip microcomputer receives a detection signal of the environment sensor or not to realize manual infrared remote control, and the single chip microcomputer automatically controls two control modes according to the detection signal of the environment sensor;
the controlled equipment comprises a single-phase alternating current motor and a three-phase alternating current motor, and the single chip microcomputer controls the starting, stopping and positive and negative rotation of the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor through a modular relay circuit.
2. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the environment sensor comprises a humidity sensor, a temperature sensor, a photosensitive sensor and a soil humidity sensor.
3. The greenhouse multimode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the operation mode selection operation is performed by the infrared remote controller, comprising
The infrared remote control manual control is realized, and a control signal of the controlled equipment is sent through an infrared remote controller;
and automatically controlling, wherein upper and lower limit thresholds of the environment sensor are set through an infrared remote controller, and the singlechip receives a detection signal of the environment sensor and compares the detection signal with the upper and lower limit thresholds to control the gating of the modular relay circuit.
4. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 3, wherein after the selection of the working mode is completed, the single chip microcomputer detects the environment sensor to check whether the single chip microcomputer works normally, and if the single chip microcomputer does not work normally, the single chip microcomputer stops executing the next operation until the detection signal of the environment sensor is received in the next period.
5. The greenhouse multimode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the single chip microcomputer is connected to a plurality of modular relay circuits through a driving board, and each modular relay circuit is connected to a power supply comprising three-phase power or single-phase power.
6. The greenhouse multimode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the circuit for controlling the single-phase alternating current motor and the three-phase alternating current motor by the single chip microcomputer through the modular relay circuit comprises: the controller, the relay I, the relay II, the relay III and the driving sub-board are arranged on the main board; wherein,
the first relay, the second relay and the third relay adopt the same type of relay, a pin 3 and a pin 4 of the relay are movable contacts, a pin 5 and a pin 6 are armature connection points, and a pin 7 and a pin 8 are control circuit connection points;
a live wire U at the three-phase four-wire power supply end is connected with a pin 5 of a first relay, a live wire V is connected with a pin 5 of a second relay and a pin 6 of a third relay, and a live wire W is connected with a pin 6 of the second relay and the pin 6 of the third relay;
pins 3 of the first relay, the second relay and the third relay are respectively connected to A, B, C three-phase input ends of the three-phase alternating current motor, pins 4 of the second relay are connected to C-phase input ends of the three-phase alternating current motor, and pins 4 of the third relay are connected to B-phase input ends of the three-phase alternating current motor;
and pins 7 and 8 of the relay I, the relay II and the relay III are electrically connected with the driving sub-board, and the driving sub-board is electrically connected with the driving main board and used for receiving a control signal for on-off of the relay.
7. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the single-phase AC motor is used for controlling high-load electric equipment, including control of a fan and a low-power curtain motor, and the three-phase AC motor is used for controlling high-load electric equipment, including control of transportation equipment, a water pump and a high-power curtain.
8. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system of claim 1, wherein the controlled equipment further comprises an electromagnetic valve, and the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve through a modular relay circuit and is used for realizing automatic on-off control of an irrigation waterway.
9. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system of claim 1, wherein the controlled equipment further comprises a heating lamp, and the single chip microcomputer controls the heating lamp through a modular relay circuit to realize automatic on-off control of an irrigation waterway.
10. The greenhouse multi-mode intelligent control system as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a display screen electrically connected to the single chip microcomputer for displaying the detection signal values of the environmental sensors and the setting information inputted through the infrared remote controller.
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| CN112493062A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-16 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | Early spring pepper seedling culture method |
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