CN111649651B - Measuring device for product design - Google Patents
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- CN111649651B CN111649651B CN202010738742.XA CN202010738742A CN111649651B CN 111649651 B CN111649651 B CN 111649651B CN 202010738742 A CN202010738742 A CN 202010738742A CN 111649651 B CN111649651 B CN 111649651B
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CLOMYZFHNHFSIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N clonixin Chemical compound CC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1NC1=NC=CC=C1C(O)=O CLOMYZFHNHFSIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B5/12—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters internal diameters
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种产品设计用测量装置，该测量装置包括筒体，能够插入深孔内部；杆体插入筒体内并与筒体内壁螺纹连接；通槽设在远离杆体插入端的筒体外壁上；挡块设在所述通槽内壁上，且挡块的一端与通槽内壁铰接，能够使挡块由通槽穿出并抵接在深孔内壁上，挡块为扇形结构，且扇形的夹角在45°之间，挡块的下端面与杆体的插入端相接触，挡块的上端面上设有弧形凸起；刻度尺沿杆体的长度方向设在其外壁上；本发明通过将筒体装置插入零件深孔内部，沿筒体的长度方向转动杆体，直至杆体的插入端与挡块的下端面抵接，挡块由通槽穿出并抵接在深孔内壁上，在杆体移动时刻度尺在杆体上的位置也会发生变化，读取刻度尺读数与筒体半径的加和即为深孔半径。
The invention relates to a measuring device for product design. The measuring device comprises a cylinder body, which can be inserted into a deep hole; a rod body is inserted into the cylinder body and is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder; a through groove is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder away from the insertion end of the rod body; The block is arranged on the inner wall of the through groove, and one end of the block is hinged with the inner wall of the through groove, so that the block can pass through the through groove and abut on the inner wall of the deep hole. The block is a fan-shaped structure, and the angle of the fan-shaped Between 45°, the lower end surface of the stopper is in contact with the insertion end of the rod body, and the upper end surface of the stopper is provided with an arc-shaped protrusion; the scale is arranged on the outer wall of the rod body along the length direction; The body device is inserted into the deep hole of the part, and the rod body is rotated along the length direction of the cylinder until the insertion end of the rod body is in contact with the lower end face of the stopper. The position of the scale on the rod body will also change every time, and the sum of the reading of the scale and the radius of the cylinder is the radius of the deep hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machining of mechanical parts, and particularly relates to a measuring device for product design.
Background
The mechanical design is a working process which is used as a basis for manufacturing and is obtained by conceiving, analyzing and calculating the working principle, structure, motion mode, force and energy transmission mode, the material and shape size of each part, a lubricating method and the like of the machine according to the use requirement and converting the working principle, the structure, the motion mode, the force and energy transmission mode, the material and the shape size of each part, the lubricating method and the like into specific descriptions; therefore, a measuring device is needed in the process of mechanical design.
The most widely used internal diameter measuring tool in the prior art has two kinds, one kind is slide caliper, but slide caliper can only carry out the precision measurement to the unchangeable machine part deep hole of internal diameter, can not carry out the precision measurement to the diameter of the machine part deep hole of reducing, and machine part carries out precision machining, must carry out real-time determination to machine part, just can guarantee the accurate nature of machine part processing, so to reducing machine part measurement commonly used be the internal diameter measuring apparatu, this kind of instrument can carry out the precision measurement to machine part deep hole internal diameter, but because the internal diameter measuring apparatu is bulky, the operation is complicated, it is inconvenient to use, consequently, it has very important meaning to provide the product design that can carry out the precision measurement to reducing machine part deep hole internal diameter fast.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring device for product design, which can quickly measure the inner diameter of a deep hole of a variable-diameter mechanical part, aiming at the problems existing in the conventional measuring device for product design.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a measuring device for product design comprises
The cylinder can be inserted into the deep hole;
the rod body is inserted into the barrel body, and the rod body inserted into the barrel body is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the barrel body;
the two through grooves are symmetrically formed in the outer wall of the barrel body far away from the rod body inserting end;
the stop blocks correspond to the through grooves in number one to one and are arranged on the inner walls of the through grooves, one ends of the stop blocks are hinged to the inner walls of the through grooves, the stop blocks can penetrate through the through grooves and abut against the inner walls of the deep holes under the extrusion action of the insertion ends of the rod bodies, the stop blocks are of fan-shaped structures, fan-shaped included angles are 45 degrees, the lower end faces of the stop blocks can be in contact with the insertion ends of the rod bodies, and arc-shaped protrusions are arranged on the upper end faces of the stop blocks and can be in point contact with the inner walls of the deep holes;
the graduated scale is arranged on the outer wall of the non-insertion end of the rod body along the length direction of the rod body;
the hinge point of the stop block is flush with the curved surface of the outer wall of the barrel from the arc protrusion, the length between the hinge point of the stop block and the arc protrusion is L, and the included angle between the length between the stop block and the highest point of the arc protrusion and the barrel is delta0The included angle between the lower end surface of the stop block and the axis of the cylinder body is theta0The axial distance between the hinge point of the stop block and the insertion end of the rod body is X0The included angle between the lower end surface of the stop block and the axis of the rod body is theta0(ii) a The stopper is worn out the butt by logical groove and is taking place to rotate the butt on deep hole inner wall, and the contained angle between stopper lower extreme face and the body of rod axis is theta, and delta theta is theta0Theta, change in height of the arc-shaped protrusion before and after rotation of the stopper by DeltaR
ΔR＝L*sin(δ0+Δθ)-L*sinδ0 (1)；
The distance between the lower end surface of the stop block and the parallel line of the hinge joint of the stop block is delta L, the chamfer angle of the insertion end of the rod body is R, and then L is enabled1R + delta L, the hinge point of the block and the insertion end shaft of the rod bodyThe radial distance is X, and the radial distance delta h is L according to the Pythagorean theorem2＝(Δh2+X2)0.5The arc-shaped bulge is flush with the curved surface of the outer wall of the barrel, and the axial distance between the hinge joint of the stop block and the insertion end of the rod body is X0The stopper rotates, the arc-shaped protrusion abuts against the inner wall of the deep hole, the axial distance between the hinge point of the stopper and the insertion end of the rod body is X, the rod body axially displaces by delta X along the barrel body, and the delta X is X-X0The angle of the stop block is changed
Δθ＝θ0-{90°-arcsin(L1/L2)-arcsin(X/L2)} (2)；
Inputting the delta X into a formula (2) to obtain delta theta; and inputting the delta theta into the formula (1) to obtain delta R, wherein the inner diameter of the deep hole is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder body +2 delta R.
Preferably, the arc length of the stop block is greater than the distance between the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the deep hole.
Preferably, the length between the thread opening end of the inner wall of the barrel and the left port of the barrel is greater than the length of the graduated scale, so that the graduated scale is prevented from being worn by threads on the inner wall of the barrel when the rod body is in threaded connection with the barrel.
Preferably, the length between the tail end of the threaded hole in the rod body and the insertion end of the rod body is equal to the length of the graduated scale, so that the stop block is prevented from being scratched by the threads formed in the rod body when the rod body is in threaded connection with the barrel.
Preferably, the end of the rod body positioned outside the barrel body is circumferentially provided with anti-slip lines.
The measuring device for product design is used for machining and measuring mechanical parts with deep holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the measuring device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in practicability, when in measurement, measuring devices of different models are reasonably selected according to the size of the inner diameter of the deep hole, then the selected measuring device is inserted into the deep hole of the mechanical part, the inserting end of the rod body moves towards the barrel along the length direction of the barrel until the inserting end of the rod body is abutted against the lower end face of the stop block, the stop block penetrates out from the through groove under stress, the arc-shaped bulge of the stop block is abutted against the inner wall of the deep hole, the rod body cannot be rotated at the moment to enable the rod body to move towards the length direction of the barrel, the scale on the scale can be read, and the read scale value and the diameter of the barrel are added to form the diameter of the deep hole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention in the direction A-A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a block structure of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the measuring device for product design used for measuring the inner diameter of the deep hole;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a measuring device for product design according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the scale comprises a cylinder body, 2, a rod body, 3, a through groove, 4, a stop block, 4-1, an arc-shaped bulge, 5 and a graduated scale.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached drawings in the embodiment of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms used in the description of the present invention for the orientation, such as "height", "length", "width", "front surface", are based on the description when the body is vertically placed, i.e., perpendicular to the ground, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the embodiment of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme that the measuring device for product design comprises
A cylinder 1 capable of being inserted into the deep hole;
the rod body 2 is inserted into the barrel body 1, the rod body 2 inserted into the barrel body 1 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the barrel body 1, the insertion end of the rod body 2 inserted into the barrel body 1 is arc-shaped, namely, the insertion end of the rod body 2 inserted into the barrel body 1 is processed into a chamfer structure;
two through grooves 3 are symmetrically formed in the outer wall of the barrel body 1 far away from the insertion end of the rod body 2;
the stop blocks 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the through grooves 3 and are arranged on the inner walls of the through grooves 3, one ends of the stop blocks 4 are hinged to the inner walls of the through grooves 3, the stop blocks 4 can penetrate out of the through grooves 3 under the extrusion action of the insertion ends of the rod bodies 2 and abut against the inner walls of the deep holes, the stop blocks 4 are of fan-shaped structures, fan-shaped included angles are 45 degrees, the lower end faces of the stop blocks 4 can be in contact with the insertion ends of the rod bodies 1, the arc-shaped bulges 4-1 are arranged on the upper end faces of the stop blocks 4, the arc-shaped bulges 4-1 can be in point contact with the inner walls of the deep holes, the purpose is to prevent the included angles of the stop blocks 4 from being too small, the rod bodies 2 can be in contact with the stop blocks 4 only by moving inwards along the barrel bodies 1 for a long length or the arc-shaped bulges 4-1 of the stop blocks can not abut against the inner walls of the deep holes after penetrating out of the through grooves 3, and the arc-shaped bulges 4-1 can be in point contact with the inner walls of the deep holes, the accuracy of measurement is increased;
the graduated scale 5 is arranged on the outer wall of the non-insertion end of the rod body 2 along the length direction of the rod body 2;
the hinge point of the stop block 4 is flush with the curved surface of the outer wall of the barrel body 1 from the arc-shaped bulge 4-1, the length between the hinge point of the stop block 4 and the arc-shaped bulge 4-1 is L, and the included angle between the length between the stop block 4 and the highest point of the arc-shaped bulge 4-1 and the barrel body 1 is delta0The included angle between the lower end surface of the stop block 4 and the axis of the cylinder body 1 is theta0The axial distance between the hinge point of the stop block 4 and the insertion end of the rod body 2 is X0The included angle between the lower end surface of the stop block 4 and the axis of the rod body 2 is theta0(ii) a The stop block 4 penetrates through the through groove 3 and abuts against the inner wall of the deep hole in a rotating manner, and the lower end face of the stop block 4 is arranged between the axis of the rod body 2Angle theta, delta theta ═ theta0Theta, change in height of the front and rear arc-shaped protrusions 4-1 of the stopper 4 by Δ R
ΔR＝L*sin(δ0+Δθ)-L*sinδ0 (1)；
The distance between the lower end surface of the stop block 4 and the parallel line of the hinged point of the stop block 4 is delta L, the chamfer angle of the insertion end of the rod body 2 is R, and then L is enabled1The axial distance between the hinged point of the stop 4 and the inserting end part of the rod body 2 is X, the radial distance delta h is X, and L2 is obtained according to the pythagorean theorem (delta h)2+X2)0.5The arc-shaped bulge 4-1 is flush with the curved surface of the outer wall of the barrel body 1, and the axial distance from the hinge point of the stop block 4 to the insertion end of the rod body 2 is X0The stop block 4 rotates, the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 is abutted to the inner wall of the deep hole, the axial distance between the hinge point of the stop block 4 and the insertion end of the rod body 2 is X, the rod body 2 axially displaces along the barrel body 1 by delta X, and the delta X is X-X0The stopper 4 is changed by an angle Δ θ ═ θ0-{90°-arcsin(L1/L2)-arcsin(X/L2)} (2)；
Inputting the delta X into a formula (2) to obtain delta theta; and inputting the delta theta into the formula (1) to obtain delta R, wherein the inner diameter of the deep hole is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder body +2 delta R.
The working principle is as follows: in order to increase the practicality, when measuring, according to the measuring device of the rational in infrastructure selection different models of deep hole internal diameter, then inside the deep hole that the measuring device who will select inserted machine part, and move the end of the body of rod 2 along 1 length direction of barrel in barrel 1, the end of inserting until the body of rod 2 with the lower terminal surface butt of dog 4, dog 4 atress is worn out by leading to groove 3, and the protruding 4-1 butt of arc of dog 4 on the deep hole inner wall, at this moment can't rotate the body of rod 2, also can't make the body of rod along to 1 axial of barrel when moving to 1 inside of barrel, read the scale on the scale 5, then will read 5 numerical values of scale and 1 diameter of barrel and add promptly for the deep hole diameter of surveying.
Wherein, the arc length of dog 4 is greater than the interval between 1 outer wall of barrel and the deep hole inner wall, thereby the purpose prevent dog 4 with the length undersize of the right angle limit that leads to 3 minor faces of groove parallel makes dog 4 also can't the butt on the deep hole inner wall by leading to 3 roll-outs of groove.
The length between the thread opening end of the inner wall of the barrel body 1 and the left port of the barrel body 1 is larger than that of the graduated scale 5, and the thread on the inner wall of the barrel body 1 is used for preventing the graduated scale 5 from being abraded when the rod body 2 is in threaded connection with the barrel body 1.
The length between the tail end of the screw thread arranged on the rod body 2 and the inserting end of the rod body 2 is equal to the length of the graduated scale 5, so that the stop block 4 is prevented from being scratched by the screw thread arranged on the rod body 2 when the rod body 2 is in threaded connection with the barrel body 1.
Wherein, 2 tip of the body of rod that lie in the barrel 1 outside are equipped with anti-skidding line along circumference, and the purpose is in order to increase the convenience when using for when the non-insertion end of holding the body of rod 2 rotates the body of rod 2, the palm increases with the frictional force that the non-insertion end of the body of rod 2 was inserted, convenient rotation.
A measuring device for product design is used for machining and measuring a mechanical part with a deep hole.
A method for verifying the measurement working principle of a measurement device for product design comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 5, two through grooves 3 are symmetrically arranged on the barrel body 1, and two stop blocks 4 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two through grooves 3 and are respectively hinged to the inner walls of the through grooves 3, so that the arc-shaped protrusions 4-1 of the stop blocks 4 are abutted against and constrained on the inner walls of the deep holes, and when the arc-shaped protrusions 4-1 cannot move, the circle center of the barrel body 1 is superposed with the circle center of the deep hole; if the circle center of the barrel 1 does not coincide with the circle center of the deep hole of the mechanical part, and two through grooves 3 are optionally formed on the barrel 1, each stop block 4 is hinged to the inner wall of each through groove 3 corresponding to the stop block, when the insertion end of the rod body 2 moves inwards along the length direction of the barrel 1, only the stop block 4 penetrating out of the through groove 3 can be temporarily abutted against the inner wall of the mechanical part, when the rod body 2 is rotated again, the rod body 2 can also displace along the length direction of the barrel 1, and the arc-shaped bulge 4-1 of the stop block 4 can displace on the inner wall of the deep hole of the mechanical part, so that the coincidence of the circle center of the barrel 1 and the circle center of the deep hole of the mechanical part is the premise that the measuring device can be used for measuring the inner diameter of the deep hole, and meanwhile, a suitable measuring device is selected when measuring the inner diameters of deep holes with different sizes, therefore, the inner diameter D of the deep hole of the mechanical part is D1+2R, wherein D is the inner diameter of the deep hole, d1 is the external diameter of the cylinder 1, and R is the height of the arc-shaped bulge 4-1.
(2) As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a is a hinge point, B is the center of a chamfer of the rod body 2, C is the arc-shaped convex vertex of the stop block 4, the axial distance between the AB is X, the radial distance delta h between the AB, the length of the line AC is L, and the included angle between the AC and the axis of the cylinder body 1 is delta0The included angle between the lower end face of the stop block 4 and the axis of the cylinder 1 is theta (the theta is variable and can be changed along with the rotation of the stop block 4), the distance between the lower end face of the stop block 4 and the parallel line of the passing point A is delta L, (a) when the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 is level with the curved surface of the outer wall of the cylinder 1, the corresponding measured value is the minimum value at the moment, namely the outer diameter of the cylinder 1 is equal to the inner diameter of the deep hole, the rod body 2 just abuts against the stop block 4 at the moment, the axial distance between the points AB is X0 at the moment, and (b) when the rod body 2 moves axially along the cylinder 1 to the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 to be in point contact with the inner wall of the deep hole, the axial distance between the points AB is X, so that the difference between the length of the rod body 2 entering the cylinder 1 in the case of (b) and the length of the rod body 2 entering the cylinder 1 in the case of (a), namely, is delta X-X0；
When the rod body 2 moves within the barrel body 1 by the distance delta X, the stop block 4 can rotate along the articulated shaft, and in the condition (a), the included angle between the lower end surface of the stop block 4 and the axis of the rod body 2 is theta0In the case of (b), the stopper 4 is rotated, and the angle between the lower end surface of the stopper 4 rotated at this time and the central axis of the rod 2 is θ, so that the stopper 4 is rotated by Δ θ ═ θ0Theta, so that the upper end surface of the stop 4 provided with the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 penetrates out of the through groove 3 to abut on the inner wall of the deep hole, and the stop 4 rotates by an angle delta theta0-θ；
Make the length between pin joint to the arc arch of dog 4 be L, promptly AC be L, then do the axis of dog 4, under (a) kind of circumstances, arc arch 4-1 (point C) is parallel and level with 1 outer wall curved surface of barrel, and the contained angle between AC and the barrel axis is delta this moment0(ii) a In case (b), the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 is in point contact with the inner wall of the borehole, and the line AC is rotated counterclockwise by Δ θ around the point a, so that the distance Δ R from the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 (point C) to the inner wall of the borehole is L × sin (δ ═ L sin:)0+Δθ)-L*sinδ0A mapping relation between Δ R and Δ θ is obtained, that is, Δ R ═ f (Δ θ);
secondly, let L1 be R + Δ L as usualCounting, wherein R is a rod chamfering radius, and as the angle aAB plus angle BAb plus angle bAD is equal to 90 degrees, the angle AaB is equal to 90 degrees AbB is equal to 90 degrees, and under the condition of (a), the angle bAD is equal to theta 0, and at the moment, when the arc-shaped bulge 4-1 is flush with the curved surface of the outer wall of the cylinder 1; in the case of (b), angle bAD is θ, and at this time, stopper 4 is rotated by θ0The upper end face of the stop 4 provided with the arc-shaped protrusion 4-1 penetrates out of the through groove 3 to abut against the inner wall of the deep hole, and the stop 4 rotates by an angle delta theta0Theta and the axial distance between points AB is then defined by X after rotation of the stop 40Becomes X, i.e., Δ X displacement by which the rod body 2 moves in the axial direction of the cylinder body 1, i.e., X ═ X0+ Δ X, so that L2 ═ Δ h according to the triangle pythagorean theorem2+X2)0.5(ii) a Angle aAB ═ arcsin (X/L2),. ABb ═ arcsin (L1/L2), theta ═ 90 ° -arcsin (X/L2) -arcsin (L1/L2), and theta ═ theta { (L1/L2 { (L2) } arcsin (L1/L2) } theta {, and theta { (X/L2) } theta { (L2) } arcsin (L2) } theta0- θ ═ Δ θ, so Δ θ ═ θ0- {90 ° -arcsin (L1/L2) -arcsin (X/L2) }, obtaining the mapping relation between Δ X and Δ θ, where Δ X ═ f (Δ θ), and establishing the mapping relation between Δ X- Δ θ - Δ R by combining all the relations.
The above disclosure is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be made by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
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