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CN111628556B - Control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of charging station based on energy router - Google Patents

Control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of charging station based on energy router Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111628556B
CN111628556B CN202010178537.2A CN202010178537A CN111628556B CN 111628556 B CN111628556 B CN 111628556B CN 202010178537 A CN202010178537 A CN 202010178537A CN 111628556 B CN111628556 B CN 111628556B
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res
period
current
resonant
charging station
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CN111628556A (en
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李健勋
徐鹏飞
范建华
李鸿儒
赵新举
王庆园
纪华丽
金立亭
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Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14Conductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/3353Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having at least two simultaneously operating switches on the input side, e.g. "double forward" or "double (switched) flyback" converter
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of a charging station based on an energy router, and belongs to the field of medium-high voltage electric vehicle charging stations. The invention collects the resonance current i r1 Signal, calculate resonant current i r1 And dynamically adjusts the IGBT (S) according to the obtained resonance period of the resonance current 1 、S 2 、S 3 、S 4 、S 5 、S 6 、S 7 、S 8 ) The duty ratio solves the hard switching phenomenon caused by the fact that the parameters of the capacitor and the inductor devices change along with the influences of temperature, current and service life in the actual operation of the series resonance type isolation type DC-DC topology. The zero-current switch in the full load range of the series resonant converter is realized while the energy bi-directional flow capacity is ensured, the switching loss of the system is reduced, the overall efficiency of the electric vehicle charging station is improved, and the dynamic response of the system is ensured.

Description

Control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of charging station based on energy router
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medium-high voltage electric vehicle charging stations, in particular to a control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of a charging station based on an energy router.
Background
The input serial output parallel topology scheme is adopted by the medium-high voltage electric vehicle charging station, so that the switching frequency and the device voltage withstand level of a single module at the alternating current side are reduced, and the alternating current side can be directly integrated into a medium-high voltage power grid; the series resonance type isolation DC-DC topology is usually used at the rear stage, the transformation ratio relation of input and output voltages can be achieved by using open loop control, soft switching in a full power range can be achieved, and efficiency is improved, so that the series resonance type isolation type DC-DC topology is widely applied. However, when the traditional open-loop control scheme realizes the energy bidirectional flow function, the parameters of actually running capacitance and inductance devices can change along with the influence of temperature, current and service life, so that the natural resonance frequency point is caused to deviate, the resonance frequency and the switching frequency cannot be accurately corresponding, a hard switching phenomenon is caused, and the system loss is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the demands, the invention provides a control strategy for improving the DCDC efficiency of the charging station based on the energy router, solves the hard switching problem caused by the change of the system capacitance and inductance parameters on the premise of ensuring the DC-DC isolation level energy bidirectional flow function, and is simple and easy to realize. The invention provides the following technical scheme:
step 1: the front-stage topological structure of the medium-high voltage charging station is a cascade H-bridge structure, each phase comprises N modules, AC-DC conversion is realized, a series resonance type converter is connected behind each H-bridge structure to realize DC-DC conversion, and 3N series resonance type converters are output in parallel to form a low-voltage direct current bus for the low-voltage direct current charging pile; the cascade H bridge realizes the control of active components and reactive components; the DC-DC link is in a series resonance topology, the characteristics of a direct-current transformer are realized by adjusting the duty ratio and the switching period of the primary side IGBT and the secondary side IGBT, and the ratio of output voltage to input voltage to output voltage is ensured to be smaller than the transformer ratio;
step 2: when an automobile is connected to charge, the system is started, the DC-DC link samples the resonant current, and judges the zero-crossing moment of the resonant current, so as to calculate the resonant period T of the resonant current res And resonant frequency f res
Step 3: for resonant frequency f res Size determination, if f res Greater than or equal to 0.5f res * And less than or equal to 1.5f res * Then it is considered to be the correct resonance period T res Wherein f res * Is the natural resonant frequency of the system;
step 4: obtaining the correct resonant period T res Later, a new switching period T is calculated s1 And adjust the switching period T s To T s1
Further, as a preferable technical scheme of the invention: the DC-DC links S1, S4, S5 and S8 are a first group of IGBTs, S2, S3, S6 and S7 are a second group of IGBTs, and the duty ratio of the driving signals of the two groups of IGBTs is half of the switching period of 0.5T s By setting the switching period T s Greater than or equal to resonance period T res And the relation of the input voltage and the output voltage transformation ratio is realized.
Further, as a preferable technical scheme of the invention: the method for judging the zero crossing point of the resonant current is that the sampling value i of the resonant current at the current moment is adopted r1 And the resonance current sampling value i at the last moment r1_1 Taking absolute value after making difference, dividing by sampling period T to obtain slope value k i Compare half switching period 0.5T s In-range slope values and selecting two k i Maximum time t 1 And t 2 For zero crossing time, the calculated resonant frequency and resonant period are provided for the judgment and calculation in the step 3, and the slope value calculation formula is k i
Figure GDA0004169266180000021
Wherein T is the sampling period;
the resonant period calculation formula is:
T res =2×|t 1 -t 2 |。
further, as a preferable technical scheme of the invention: new switching period T s1 And the resonance period T determined in step 3 res Equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the scheme of the invention is simple and feasible, and the complexity of the control scheme is low; the DC-DC energy flow bidirectional flow function can be realized, meanwhile, the hard switching phenomenon caused by the change of inductance and capacitance parameters is solved, the efficiency of the system is improved, and the volume of the radiator is reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application
FIG. 1 is a topology of a medium and high voltage electric vehicle charging station;
FIG. 2 is a series resonant isolated DC-DC topology;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a control strategy for DC-DC
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic waveform diagram of a series resonant isolated DC-DC circuit after the inductance or capacitance parameters of the main circuit are changed;
fig. 4 (b) is a main waveform diagram of a series resonant isolated DC-DC circuit after the inductance or capacitance parameters of the main circuit are changed by adopting the control strategy provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The topology of the medium-high voltage electric vehicle charging station applied by the invention is shown in figure 1, the front-stage topology structure of the medium-high voltage electric vehicle charging station is a cascade H-bridge structure, and each phase comprises N modules, so that AC-DC conversion is realized. And each H bridge structure is connected with a series resonance type converter to realize DC-DC conversion. The 3N series resonance type converters are output in parallel to form a low-voltage direct current bus for the low-voltage direct current charging pile; the cascade H bridge realizes the control of active components and reactive components; as shown in FIG. 2, the intermediate DC-DC link series resonance topology is that S1, S4, S5, S8 are a first group of IGBTs, S2, S3, S6, S7 are a second group of IGBTs, the duty ratio of the driving signals of the two groups of IGBTs is half of the switching period of 0.5T s By setting the switching period T s Greater than or equal to resonance period T res And the relation of the input voltage and the output voltage transformation ratio is realized.
The flow of the adopted DC-DC control strategy is shown in FIG. 3: when an automobile is connected to charge, the system is started, the DC-DC link samples the resonance current, the zero crossing point moment of the resonance current is judged, and the zero crossing point judgment of the resonance current is achievedBy sampling i the resonant current at the present moment r1 And the resonance current sampling value i at the last moment r1_1 Taking absolute value after difference, dividing by sampling period T s Obtaining the value k of the slope i Compare half switching period 0.5T s In-range slope values and selecting two k i Maximum time t 1 And t 2 For zero crossing time, calculating resonant frequency and resonant period, and calculating slope value as k i
Figure GDA0004169266180000041
Wherein T is the sampling period;
the resonant period calculation formula is:
T res =2×|t 1 -t 2 |
for resonant frequency f res Size determination, if f res Greater than or equal to 0.5f res * And less than or equal to 1.5f res * Then it is considered to be the correct resonance period T res Wherein f res * Is the natural resonant frequency of the system;
obtaining the correct resonant period T res Later, a new switching period T is calculated s1 And adjust the switching period T s To T s1 Wherein T is s1 Equal to the newly calculated resonant period T res
When the inductance or capacitance parameter of the DC-DC main circuit is changed, the main waveform diagram of the series resonance type isolation type DC-DC circuit is shown in fig. 4 (a), and it can be seen from the diagram that t k At the moment the second group of IGBT is in a hard off state, t k+1 The second group of IGBTs are in a hard off state at the moment;
after the control strategy provided by the invention is adopted, when the inductance or capacitance parameter of the main circuit is changed, the main waveform of the series resonance type isolation type DC-DC circuit is shown as a figure 4 (b), and the main waveform is visible as t k And t k+1 Soft turn-off is realized at any time, and system efficiency is improved.
The foregoing detailed description has set forth the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention in further detail, it should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but is to be accorded the full scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of an energy router-based charging station, said control strategy comprising the steps of:
step 1: the front-stage topological structure of the medium-high voltage charging station is a cascade H-bridge structure, and each phase comprises N modules to realize AC-DC conversion; each H bridge structure is connected with a series resonance type converter to realize DC-DC conversion, and 3N series resonance type converters are output in parallel to form a low-voltage direct current bus for the low-voltage direct current charging pile; the cascade H bridge realizes the control of active components and reactive components; the DC-DC link is in a series resonance topology, the characteristics of a direct-current transformer are realized by adjusting the duty ratio and the switching period of the primary side IGBT and the secondary side IGBT, and the input-output voltage ratio is ensured to be the transformer transformation ratio;
step 2: when an automobile is connected to charge, the system is started, the DC-DC link samples the resonant current, and judges the zero-crossing moment of the resonant current, so as to calculate the resonant period T of the resonant current res And resonant frequency f res
Step 3: for resonant frequency f res Size determination, if f res Greater than or equal to 0.5f res * And less than or equal to 1.5f res * Then it is considered to be the correct resonance period T res Wherein f res * Is the natural resonant frequency of the system;
step 4: obtaining the correct resonant period T res Later, a new switching period T is calculated s1 And adjust the switching period T s To T s1
2. The energy router-based charging station DCDC efficiency enhancement of claim 1The control strategy is characterized in that the step 1DC-DC links S1, S4, S5 and S8 are a first group of IGBTs, S2, S3, S6 and S7 are a second group of IGBTs, and the duty ratio of the driving signals of the two groups of IGBTs is half of the switching period of 0.5T s By setting the switching period T s Greater than or equal to resonance period T res And the relation of the input voltage and the output voltage transformation ratio is realized.
3. The control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of an energy router based charging station according to claim 1, wherein the resonant current zero crossing in step 2 is determined by comparing the current time resonant current sampling value i r1 And the resonance current sampling value i at the last moment r1_1 Taking absolute value after making difference, dividing by sampling period T to obtain slope value k i Compare half switching period 0.5T s In-range slope values and selecting two k i Maximum time t 1 And t 2 For zero crossing time, the calculated resonant frequency and resonant period are provided for the judgment and calculation in the step 3, and the slope value calculation formula is k i
Figure FDA0004169266170000021
Wherein T is the sampling period;
the resonant period calculation formula is:
T res =2×|t 1 -t 2 |。
4. the control strategy for improving DCDC efficiency of an energy router based charging station of claim 1, wherein the new switching period T in step 4 s1 And the resonance period T determined in step 3 res Equal.
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