CN111545015A - Intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and start-stop method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and start-stop method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111545015A CN111545015A CN202010558418.XA CN202010558418A CN111545015A CN 111545015 A CN111545015 A CN 111545015A CN 202010558418 A CN202010558418 A CN 202010558418A CN 111545015 A CN111545015 A CN 111545015A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
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- B01D2259/40007—Controlling pressure or temperature swing adsorption
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and a start-stop method thereof, which solve the technical problem of long start-stop time caused by complicated operation during start-stop in the prior art. The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system comprises a raw material gas conveying pipe, an adsorption tower group, a reverse discharge depressurization pipe, a flushing outlet pipe, a product gas output pipe, a uniform and final charge program control valve pipeline, a uniform pressure program control valve pipeline, a forward discharge flushing program control valve pipeline, a control system, a final charge pipeline, a final charge regulating valve HV101, an emptying pipeline, a product gas emptying regulating valve PV101, an adjustable program control valve HV102, an adjustable program control valve HV103, a program control valve KV102 and a program control valve KV 101. The start-stop method mainly comprises the steps of controlling regeneration, pressure equalization and pressurization of the corresponding adsorption tower through a control system, and controlling automatic pressure relief, automatic pressure boosting and automatic operation of the corresponding adsorption tower. The invention can realize the intelligent start-stop of the system and utilize the hydrogen produced by the system to maintain the pressure of the system, thereby omitting the nitrogen replacement step and replacing nitrogen, and the product hydrogen can be rapidly qualified after the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is started.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure swing adsorption gas separation, and particularly relates to an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and a start-stop method thereof.
Background
The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production technology is to utilize the characteristic that the adsorption capacity of an adsorbent to non-hydrogen impurities is larger than that of hydrogen, the adsorption capacity is increased along with the increase of pressure, and the adsorption capacity is reduced along with the decrease of pressure to complete the purification of the hydrogen. The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production technology has been widely applied to various fields such as metallurgy, chemical industry, energy sources and the like. The separation process of pressure swing adsorption purification of hydrogen has no temperature change, can be completed at normal temperature, has high hydrogen purity and simple and convenient operation, and is the most widely applied hydrogen purification method at present.
The application scene of pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production generally requires that the continuous operation time of the device is as long as possible, and the start-stop time is as short as possible, so that the configuration of the pressure swing adsorption adsorbent and the program control valve can meet the long-term operation requirement of the device. The overhaul period of the petrochemical device is 3-5 years, and the general pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production device is only operated during the overhaul period.
The adsorbent for pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production is easily polluted and damaged during parking, and the separation effect of the device during next driving is influenced, so that the pressure of the pressure swing adsorption device needs to be relieved after parking, then the pressure swing adsorption device is replaced by nitrogen, and the pressure of the nitrogen is maintained after replacement. General pressure swing adsorption device has 4 ~ 12 adsorption towers, carries out nitrogen gas replacement and pressurization operation in proper order after every adsorption tower accomplishes the pressure release, and the process is loaded down with trivial details, takes time longer, and manual operation is more moreover. For some pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production devices which need to be frequently stopped, for example, for producing fuel hydrogen for proton exchange membrane fuel cell automobiles, the hydrogen demand is mainly concentrated in the daytime because no hydrogenation is needed at night, the pressure swing adsorption device providing the hydrogen source needs to be started in the daytime and stopped at night, and even in some regions, the hydrogen yield in one day can meet the use amount of several days because the hydrogen demand is small, and the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production device needs to be frequently started and stopped. If the traditional pressure swing adsorption device start-stop method is adopted, the start-stop of the device is long in time and complex in operation.
Therefore, an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and a start-stop method thereof are designed, the process which needs manual operation when the original start-stop operation is converted into the process of automatic judgment and execution of a program, the intelligent start-stop of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production device is realized, the pressure maintaining is carried out by using hydrogen produced by the device, the nitrogen replacement step and nitrogen replacement are omitted, and the technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the technical field is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system and the start-stop method thereof are provided, and the technical problem of long start-stop time caused by complicated operation during start-stop in the prior art is solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an intelligence opens and stops formula pressure swing adsorption hydrogen manufacturing system, including the feed gas conveyer pipe, the adsorption tower group, reverse discharge step-down pipe, wash the exit tube, product gas defeated water pipe, an equal and last charge programmable valve pipeline, voltage-sharing programmable valve pipeline, put in the same direction and wash programmable valve pipeline, and be used for controlling the control system of hydrogen manufacturing system operation, be connected with between an equal and last charge programmable valve pipeline and the product gas defeated water pipe and fill the pipeline eventually, be equipped with last charge governing valve HV101 on filling the pipeline eventually, be connected with the pipeline of unloading on the product gas defeated water pipe, be equipped with product gas air-release governing valve PV101 on the pipeline of unloading, be equipped with adjustable programmable valve HV102 on the feed gas conveyer pipe, be equipped with adjustable programmable valve HV103 on the reverse discharge step-down pipe, be equipped with programmable valve KV102 on the wash-.
Further, the control system is respectively connected with a final charge regulating valve HV101, a product air discharge regulating valve PV101, an adjustable program control valve HV102, an adjustable program control valve HV103, a program control valve KV102 and a program control valve KV 101.
Furthermore, the adsorption tower group is provided with a pressure detection instrument for detecting the gas pressure in the adsorption tower.
Furthermore, a raw material gas flowmeter FQ101 connected with the control system is arranged on the raw material gas conveying pipe.
Furthermore, a product gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the product gas outward transmission pipe and the adsorption tower group; preferably, a raw material gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the raw material gas conveying pipe and the adsorption tower group.
Furthermore, a reverse-discharge pressure-reducing program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower group and the reverse-discharge pressure-reducing pipe; preferably, a flushing program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower group and the flushing outlet pipe.
Further, a product gas quality on-line detecting instrument R101 connected with the control system is arranged on the product gas outward transmission pipe.
A stopping method of an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
step 2, pressure equalizing of the adsorption tower group: after the adsorption tower group finishes the regeneration of the adsorption towers, the control system detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step and the final filling step or detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, opens a corresponding equalizing valve of the adsorption towers in the steps for equalizing pressure, closes the corresponding equalizing valve after equalizing pressure, and opens a product gas program control valve and a final filling regulating valve corresponding to the adsorption towers in the steps;
step 3, pressurizing the adsorption tower group: the control system detects the adsorption towers in the steps of forward discharging, backward discharging and flushing, which need to be boosted, opens the corresponding final charge program control valves of the adsorption towers to boost the pressure, closes the corresponding final charge program control valves when the pressure of the adsorption towers rises to a set value, and controls the final charge control valves HV101 and all the program control valves to be closed until the pressure in all the adsorption towers in the steps of backward discharging or flushing completely reaches or exceeds the set value, so that the system is automatically stopped.
Further, in the step 2, when the pressure equalizing valve is opened for pressure equalizing in the adsorption tower in the adsorption step and the final filling step, or in the adsorption tower in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, the pressure equalizing time is 1 minute; preferably, in the step 2, the opening degree of the charging pressure regulating valve is set to 10% when the charging pressure regulating valve is opened; more preferably, in the step 3, the set value of the pressure increase of the adsorption column in the step requiring the pressure increase is 0.20 MPaG; further preferably, if the sequential step has not been finished, the pressure of the adsorption column in the sequential step is not increased.
A starting method of an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system comprises the following steps:
step A, automatic pressure relief: the control system opens the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve corresponding to the adsorption tower needing the pressure-increasing step detected by the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system during shutdown, opens the adjustable program control valve HV103 to a set opening degree to start pressure relief, closes the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve when the pressure of the adjustable program control valve HV103 is reduced to a regeneration pressure, changes the adjustable program control valve HV103 into full-open and opens the program control valve KV 102;
step B, automatic boosting: after the step A of automatic pressure relief is completed, the control system controls the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system to switch to the valve switching in normal operation, and simultaneously opens the adjustable program control valve HV102 until the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches the pressure of the feed gas;
step C, automatic operation: and C, after the step B of automatically boosting is completed, opening the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 to empty the product gas until the product hydrogen reaches the index requirement, closing the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101, and opening a product gas program control valve on the product gas output pipe to output qualified product hydrogen outwards.
Further, in the step a, the opening degree is set to be 15%; preferably, in the step B, when the control system controls the valve switching when the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system shifts to normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is kept at the sub-cycle time of half load; more preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the adjustable program control valve HV102 needs to be opened gradually from zero opening degree to 10% within 30 s; further preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the raw material gas flow rate is controlled to be 30% according to the raw material gas flow meter FQ 101.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is simple in structure, scientific and reasonable in design and convenient to use, the original process of manual operation during start-stop operation is converted into the process of automatic judgment and execution of the control system, intelligent start-stop of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is realized, hydrogen produced by the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is used for maintaining pressure of the system, a nitrogen replacement step and nitrogen replacement are omitted, hydrogen produced after the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is started can be rapidly qualified, and the technical problem that the start-stop time is long due to complex operation during start-stop in the prior art can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of an 8-column pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system in an example of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a system block diagram of a 10-column pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system in an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; of course, mechanical connection and electrical connection are also possible; alternatively, they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in figure 1, the intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system provided by the invention comprises a raw material gas conveying pipe, an adsorption tower group, a reverse-discharge depressurization pipe, a flushing outlet pipe, a product gas output pipe, an equalizing and final-charge programmable valve pipeline, a pressure equalizing programmable valve pipeline, a forward-discharge flushing programmable valve pipeline and a control system for controlling the operation of a hydrogen production system, wherein a final-charge pipeline is connected between the equalizing and final-charge programmable valve pipeline and the product gas output pipe, a final-charge regulating valve HV101 is arranged on the final-charge pipeline, an emptying pipeline is connected on the product gas output pipe, a product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 is arranged on the emptying pipeline, an adjustable programmable valve HV102 is arranged on the raw material gas conveying pipe, an adjustable programmable valve HV103 is arranged on the reverse-discharge depressurization pipe, a programmable valve KV102 is arranged on the flushing outlet pipe, and a programmable valve KV101 is arranged on the product. The control system is respectively connected with the final charging regulating valve HV101, the product gas air-release regulating valve PV101, the adjustable program control valve HV102, the adjustable program control valve HV103, the program control valve KV102 and the program control valve KV 101.
The adsorption tower set of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is provided with a pressure detection instrument of each adsorption tower, and a raw material gas flowmeter FQ101 connected with a control system is arranged on a raw material gas conveying pipe. A product gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the product gas outward transmission pipe and the adsorption tower group. And a product gas quality online detection instrument R101 connected with the control system is arranged on the product gas outward transmission pipe. A feed gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the feed gas conveying pipe and the adsorption tower group. A reverse-discharge pressure-reducing program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower group and the reverse-discharge pressure-reducing pipe. A flushing program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower group and the flushing outlet pipe.
The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is simple in structure, scientific and reasonable in design and convenient to use, the original process of manual operation during start-stop operation is converted into the process of automatic judgment and execution of the control system, intelligent start-stop of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is realized, hydrogen produced by the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is used for maintaining pressure of the system, a nitrogen replacement step and nitrogen replacement are omitted, hydrogen produced after the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is started can be rapidly qualified, and the technical problem that the start-stop time is long due to complex operation during start-stop in the prior art can be effectively solved.
The invention provides a shutdown method of an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps:
step 2, pressure equalizing of the adsorption tower group: after the adsorption tower group finishes the regeneration of the adsorption towers, the control system detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step and the final filling step or detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, opens a corresponding equalizing valve of the adsorption towers in the steps for equalizing pressure, closes the corresponding equalizing valve after equalizing pressure, and opens a product gas program control valve and a final filling regulating valve corresponding to the adsorption towers in the steps;
step 3, pressurizing the adsorption tower group: the control system detects the adsorption towers in the sequential release step (if the sequential release step is not finished, the pressure of the adsorption tower in the sequential release step is not increased), the reverse release step and the flushing step, opens the final charge program control valves corresponding to the adsorption towers to increase the pressure of the adsorption towers, closes the corresponding final charge program control valves when the pressure of the adsorption towers is increased to a set value until the pressure in all the adsorption towers in the sequential release step reaches or exceeds the set value, controls the final charge control valve HV101 and all the program control valves to be closed, and automatically stops the system to finish the operation.
In the step 2, when the pressure equalizing valve is opened to equalize the pressure of the adsorption tower in the adsorption step and the final filling step, or the adsorption tower in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, the pressure equalizing time is 1 minute; preferably, in the step 2, the opening degree of the charging pressure regulating valve is set to 10% when the charging pressure regulating valve is opened; more preferably, in the step 3, the set value of the pressure increase of the adsorption column in the step requiring the pressure increase is 0.20 MPaG.
The invention provides a starting method of an intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, which comprises the following steps:
step A, automatic pressure relief: the control system opens the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve corresponding to the adsorption tower needing the pressure-increasing step detected by the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system during shutdown, opens the adjustable program control valve HV103 to a set opening degree to start pressure relief, closes the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve when the pressure of the adjustable program control valve HV103 is reduced to a regeneration pressure, changes the adjustable program control valve HV103 into full-open and opens the program control valve KV 102;
step B, automatic boosting: after the step A of automatic pressure relief is completed, the control system controls the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system to switch to the valve switching in normal operation, and simultaneously opens the adjustable program control valve HV102 until the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches the pressure of the feed gas;
step C, automatic operation: and C, after the step B of automatically boosting is completed, opening the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 to empty the product gas until the product hydrogen reaches the index requirement, closing the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101, and opening a product gas program control valve on the product gas output pipe to output qualified product hydrogen outwards.
Wherein, in the step A, the set opening degree is 15%; preferably, in the step B, when the control system controls the valve switching when the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system shifts to normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is kept at the sub-cycle time of half load; more preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the adjustable program control valve HV102 needs to be opened gradually from zero opening degree to 10% within 30 s; further preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the raw material gas flow rate is controlled to be 30% according to the raw material gas flow meter FQ 101.
The invention aims to realize intelligent one-key start-stop of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system by improving the existing pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system. The adjustable program control valves are respectively arranged on a raw material gas conveying pipe and an inverse-release pressure reducing pipe of a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, namely, the stop valves with the adjusting function are arranged, and the program control valves are additionally arranged on a product gas outer conveying pipe and a flushing outlet pipe.
The automatic shutdown mainly comprises the processes of adsorbent regeneration and adsorption tower pressurization, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) adsorbent regeneration
When the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system needs to stop, a one-key stop button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system firstly closes an adjustable program control valve HV102 on a raw material gas conveying pipe and a program control valve KV101 on a product gas outward conveying pipe, and the pressure swing adsorption system is isolated from the raw material gas and the product gas, namely the system does not enter the raw material gas any more and does not produce the product gas any more; when the process is carried out to the 1 st step of the next sub-period, the control system marks that the number of the adsorption tower just shifted to the adsorption step is 'N' (N is the serial number of the adsorption tower), the control system automatically changes the sub-period time into the time of half-load operation and continues to operate until the adsorption tower with the number of 'N-1' (if N is 1, N-1 is defined as the maximum number of the adsorption tower) operates to the end of flushing, and then all the adsorption towers are regenerated and do not enter raw material gas, namely, each adsorption tower is a regenerated 'clean' adsorption tower; the adsorption tower is filled with hydrogen.
2) Adsorption tower pressurization
After the regeneration of the adsorption tower is completed, the control system detects the adsorption tower in the adsorption step and the final filling step (or the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step), marks the serial number of the adsorption tower as M, opens an equalizing valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower, performs pressure equalizing, and closes the equalizing valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower after 1 minute; and then, opening a product gas program control valve corresponding to the M tower, and simultaneously opening a final-charge regulating valve to set the opening of the regulating valve to 10%.
The control system detects the adsorption towers in the steps of pressure increase, namely the sequential discharge step (if the sequential discharge step is not finished, the adsorption tower in the sequential discharge step is not required to be decompressed, the corresponding adsorption tower is not marked), the reverse discharge step and the flushing step, marks the serial number of the adsorption tower as P, opens the final charge program control valve corresponding to the P adsorption tower, increases the pressure of the low-pressure adsorption tower, namely the P adsorption tower, closes the corresponding final charge program control valve when the pressure of the P adsorption tower is more than or equal to 0.20MPaG until the pressure of all the P adsorption towers reaches 0.20MPaG, and closes the final charge regulating valve HV101 and all the program control valves.
So far, the pressure of all the adsorption towers is above 0.20MPaG, each adsorption tower is a 'clean' adsorption tower, and the pressure swing adsorption system completes the automatic shutdown step.
The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system is automatically started and comprises three processes of automatic pressure relief, automatic pressure rise and automatic operation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) automatic pressure relief
When the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system needs to be started, a one-key start button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system opens a reverse discharge pressure reduction program control valve and an adjustable program control valve HV103 corresponding to the P adsorption tower, and the opening degree of the HV103 is set to be 15%; at the moment, the P adsorption tower starts to release pressure, when the pressure of the P adsorption tower is reduced to the regeneration pressure, the reverse-release pressure-reduction program control valves of the P adsorption tower are closed until all the reverse-release pressure-reduction program control valves of the P adsorption tower are closed, and the automatic pressure release of the adsorption tower is completed. The opening degree of the adjustable program control valve HV103 on the reverse-discharge depressurization pipe is changed into full opening, and the program control valve KV102 on the flushing outlet pipe is opened.
2) Automatic boosting
After the automatic pressure relief step is completed, the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is switched to the valve switching in normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the system is kept at the sub-cycle time when the system is stopped, namely the sub-cycle time when the system is under half load, the adjustable program control valve HV102 on the raw material gas conveying pipe is opened at the same time, the adjustable program control valve HV102 is gradually opened to 10% from zero opening within 30s, and the flow of the raw material gas is controlled to be 30% according to the raw material gas flowmeter FQ101 on the raw material gas conveying pipe. Because the program control valve KV101 on the product gas output pipe is in a closed state and no product gas is output, the pressure of the adsorption tower in an adsorption state in the system is gradually increased along with the operation of the system until the pressure of the raw material gas is reached.
3) Automatic operation
After the automatic pressure increasing step is completed, namely when the pressure in the adsorption tower in the adsorption state reaches the pressure of the feed gas, the product gas air release regulating valve PV101 is opened, the product gas is released until the feedback value of the product gas quality online detection instrument R101 reaches the index requirement of the product hydrogen, at the moment, the product gas air release regulating valve PV101 is closed, the program control valve on the product gas outward transmission pipe is opened, and the qualified product hydrogen is output outwards.
And finally, the control system finishes the automatic start of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, and then the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system adjusts the load and the operation parameters of the system according to the requirement.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following examples are specifically provided for illustrative purposes.
As shown in fig. 2, the system is an 8-tower pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system with an intelligent start-stop vehicle system, and comprises the following raw material gases: h2:N2:CH480:4:16, feed gas pressure: 2.5MPaG, product gas pressure: 2.45MPaG, the purity of the product hydrogen is 99.9 percent (mol/mol), the desorption pressure is 0.02MPaG, and the 8-1-4/P process is adopted, namely, the process flow of 1 tower adsorption, 4 times of pressure equalization and flushing regeneration is adopted, and the time sequence is shown in the table 1.
The raw material gas conveying pipe is provided with an adjustable program control valve HV102, the reverse discharge depressurization pipe is provided with an adjustable program control valve HV103, the product gas output pipe is provided with a program control valve KV101, the flushing outlet pipe is provided with the program control valve KV102, the product gas discharge regulating valve PV101 is arranged on the discharge pipeline, the final charging pipeline is provided with a final charging regulating valve HV101, the raw material gas conveying pipe is provided with a raw material gas flowmeter FQ101, and the product gas output pipe is provided with a product gas quality online detection instrument R101 connected with the control system.
The automatic parking process is as follows:
1) regeneration of adsorption tower
When the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system needs to stop, a one-key stop button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system firstly closes an adjustable program control valve HV102 on a raw material gas conveying pipe and a program control valve KV101 on a product gas outward conveying pipe, and the pressure swing adsorption system is isolated from the raw material gas and the product gas, namely the system does not enter the raw material gas any more and does not produce the product gas any more; when the operation is carried out to the 1 st step of the next sub-period, the example assumes that the operation is in the 1 st step of the 2 nd sub-period, the control system marks that the number of the adsorption tower just shifted to the adsorption step is "N" (N is the serial number of the adsorption tower), namely the number of the 2 nd adsorption tower is "N", at this time, the adsorption towers 2, 3 and 4 have finished regeneration and do not enter the raw material gas, and the gas in the adsorption towers comes from the uniform pressure gas and the final filling gas, and is all hydrogen; the control system automatically changes the sub-cycle time to the time of half-load operation to continue operation until the adsorption tower with the number of 'N-1' (if N is 1, N-1 is defined as 8) is operated to the end of flushing, namely, the adsorption tower is operated to the end time of the 1 st step of the 6 th sub-cycle (in the example, the stop is carried out at any time, the regeneration of the adsorption tower is completed at the end of the 1 st step of the sub-cycle), all program control valves are closed, and all adsorption towers are regenerated and do not feed gas, namely, each adsorption tower is a regenerated 'clean' adsorption tower; the adsorption tower is filled with hydrogen.
2) Adsorption tower pressurization
After the regeneration of the adsorption tower is completed, the control system detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, the number of the adsorption towers is marked as 'M', and in the example, the towers 5, 6 and 7 are 'M' towers; opening an even valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower, carrying out pressure equalization, and closing the even valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower after 1 minute; then, opening a product gas program control valve corresponding to the M tower, and simultaneously opening a final filling regulating valve, wherein the opening degree of the regulating valve is set to 10%;
the control system detects the adsorption towers in the steps of pressure increase, namely reverse discharge and flushing (in the example, the sequential discharge at the end time of the 1 st step of any sub-period is not finished), marks the numbers of the adsorption towers as P, in the example, the tower 1 and the tower 2 are P towers, opens a final charge control valve corresponding to the P adsorption tower, boosts the pressure of the low-pressure adsorption tower, namely the P adsorption tower, and when the pressure of the P adsorption tower is more than or equal to 0.20MPaG (the judgment basis is | PpLess than or equal to 0.02MPa under the condition of-0.20 MPa, namely the pressure of the P adsorption tower reaches 0.20MPa +/-0.02 MPa), closing the corresponding final charge programmable valves until the pressure of all the P adsorption towers reaches 0.20MPaG, and closing the final charge regulating valve HV101 and all the programmable valves.
So far, the pressure of all the adsorption towers is above 0.20MPaG, each adsorption tower is a 'clean' adsorption tower, and the pressure swing adsorption system completes the automatic shutdown step.
The automatic start-up procedure is as follows:
the automatic start comprises three processes of automatic pressure relief, automatic pressure boost and automatic operation, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) automatic pressure relief
When the pressure swing adsorption and purification hydrogen system needs to be started, a one-key start button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system opens a reverse-release pressure reduction program control valve and an adjustable program control valve HV103 corresponding to the P adsorption tower, and the opening degree of the reverse-release pressure reduction program control valve and the adjustable program control valve HV103 is set to be 15%; at this time, the pressure of the "P" adsorption column starts to be released, and when the pressure of the "P" adsorption column is reduced to 0.02MPaG (the judgment basis is | PpLess than or equal to 0.02MPa in the pressure range of-0.02 MPa, namely the pressure of the P adsorption tower reaches 0.02MPa +/-0.02 MPa), closing the reverse-release pressure-reduction program control valves of the P adsorption tower until all the reverse-release pressure-reduction program control valves of the P adsorption tower are closed, and completing the automatic pressure release of the adsorption tower. The opening degree of the adjustable program control valve HV103 is changed into full opening, and the program control valve KV102 on the flushing outlet pipe is opened.
2) Automatic boosting
After the automatic pressure relief step is completed, the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is switched to the valve switching in normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the system is kept at the sub-cycle time when the system is stopped, namely the sub-cycle time when the system is under half load, the adjustable program control valve HV102 on the feed gas conveying pipe is opened at the same time, the program control valve is gradually opened to 10% from zero opening within 30s, and the flow rate of the feed gas is controlled to be 30% according to the feed gas flowmeter FQ 101. Because the program control valve KV101 on the product gas output pipe is in a closed state and no product gas is output, the pressure of the adsorption tower in an adsorption state in the system is gradually increased along with the operation of the system until the pressure of the raw material gas is reached (the judgment basis is | P |)AThe absolute value of-2.5 MPa is less than or equal to 0.03MPa, namely the adsorption pressure reaches 2.5MPa +/-0.03 MPa).
3) Automatic operation
After the automatic pressure increasing step is completed, namely when the pressure in the adsorption tower in the adsorption state reaches the pressure of the feed gas, the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 is opened, the product gas is emptied until the feedback value of the product gas quality online detection instrument R101 reaches the index requirement of the product hydrogen, in the example, the purity of the hydrogen is more than or equal to 99.9% (mol/mol), at the moment, the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 is closed, the program control valve on the product gas output pipe is opened, and the qualified product hydrogen is output outwards.
And finally, the control system finishes the automatic start of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, and then the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system adjusts the load and the operation parameters of the system according to the requirement.
Table 1: 8-1-4/P time sequence table
Note: a: adsorption step, 1D: a first pressure equalizing step, 2D: a second pressure equalizing step, 3D: a third pressure equalizing and reducing step, 4D: a fourth step of equalizing pressure drop, PP: step D: reverse amplification step, P: washing step, 4R: a fourth pressure equalization rise step, 3R: a third pressure equalization rise step, 2R: a second pressure equalization rise step, 1R: first pressure equalization rise step, FR: and (5) final charging.
As shown in fig. 3, the 10-tower pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system with an automatic start-stop vehicle system comprises the following raw material gases: h2:N2:CH4:CO:CO272:10:8:2:8, feed gas pressure: 2.5MPaG, product gas pressure: 2.45MPaG, the product hydrogen purity 99.9% (mol/mol), CO + CO2Less than or equal to 10ppmv, desorption pressure of 0.02MPaG, and adoption of 10-2-4/P process, i.e. process flow of 2-tower adsorption, 4-time pressure equalization and flushing regeneration, and its time sequence is shown in Table 2.
The raw material gas conveying pipe is provided with an adjustable program control valve HV102, the reverse discharge depressurization pipe is provided with an adjustable program control valve HV103, the product gas output pipe is provided with a program control valve KV101, the flushing outlet pipe is provided with the program control valve KV102, the product gas discharge regulating valve PV101 is arranged on the discharge pipeline, the final charging pipeline is provided with a final charging regulating valve HV101, the raw material gas conveying pipe is provided with a raw material gas flowmeter FQ101, and the product gas output pipe is provided with a product gas quality online detection instrument R101 connected with the control system.
The automatic parking process is as follows:
1) regeneration of adsorption tower
When the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system needs to stop, a one-key stop button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system firstly closes an adjustable program control valve HV102 on a raw material gas conveying pipe and a program control valve KV101 on a product gas outward conveying pipe, and the pressure swing adsorption system is isolated from the raw material gas and the product gas, namely the system does not enter the raw material gas any more and does not produce the product gas any more; when the operation is carried out to the 1 st step of the next sub-period, the example assumes the 1 st step of the 3 rd sub-period, the control system marks that the number of the adsorption tower just shifted to the adsorption step is 'N' (N is the serial number of the adsorption tower), the 3 rd adsorption tower in the example is 'N', at this moment, the adsorption towers 3, 4 and 5 have already finished regeneration and do not enter the raw material gas, and the gas in the adsorption towers comes from the gas of the uniform pressure gas and the gas of the final charge, and is all hydrogen; the control system automatically changes the sub-cycle time to the time of half-load operation to continue operation until the adsorption tower with the number of 'N-1' (if N is 1, N-1 is defined as 10) is operated to the end time of the flushing step and is stopped, in the example, the end time of the 1 st step of the 9 th sub-cycle (the example stops at any time and finishes the regeneration of the adsorption tower at the end of the 1 st step of the sub-cycle), and all program control valves are closed, so far, all the adsorption towers are regenerated and do not feed gas, namely, each adsorption tower is a regenerated 'clean' adsorption tower; the adsorption tower is filled with hydrogen.
2) Adsorption tower pressurization
After the regeneration of the adsorption tower is completed, the control system detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, the number of the adsorption towers is marked as 'M', and in the example, the towers 7, 8, 9 and 10 are 'M'; opening an even valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower, carrying out pressure equalization, and closing the even valve corresponding to the M adsorption tower after 1 minute; then, opening a product gas program control valve corresponding to the 'M' tower, and simultaneously opening a pressurizing regulating valve, wherein the opening degree of the pressurizing regulating valve is set to be 10%;
the control system detects the adsorption towers in the steps of pressure increase, namely reverse discharge and flushing (in the example, the sequential discharge at the end time of the 1 st step of any sub-period is not finished), marks the numbers of the adsorption towers as P, in the example, the towers 2, 3 and 4 are P towers, opens the final charge program control valve corresponding to the P adsorption tower, boosts the pressure of the low-pressure adsorption tower, namely the P adsorption tower, and when the pressure of the P adsorption tower is more than or equal to 0.20MPaG (the judgment basis is PpClosing when the pressure of the P adsorption tower reaches 0.20MPa +/-0.02 MPa under the pressure of-0.20 MPa | < 0.02MPa)And (4) closing the final charge regulating valve HV101 and all the programmable valves until the pressure of all the P adsorption towers reaches 0.20 MPaG.
So far, the pressure of all the adsorption towers is above 0.20MPaG, each adsorption tower is a 'clean' adsorption tower, and the pressure swing adsorption system completes the automatic shutdown step.
The automatic start-up procedure is as follows:
the automatic start comprises three processes of automatic pressure relief, automatic pressure boost and automatic operation, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) automatic pressure relief
When the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system needs to be started, a one-key start button on a control system operation screen is clicked, the control system opens a reverse-release pressure reduction program control valve and an adjustable program control valve HV103 corresponding to the P adsorption tower, and the opening degree of the reverse-release pressure reduction program control valve and the adjustable program control valve HV103 is set to be 15%; at this time, the pressure of the adsorption column "P" begins to be released, and when the pressure of "P" is reduced to 0.02MPaG (the judgment basis is | PpWhen the pressure of the P adsorption tower reaches 0.02MPa +/-0.02 MPa |, closing the reverse-releasing pressure-reducing program control valves of the P adsorption tower until all the reverse-releasing pressure-reducing program control valves of the P adsorption tower are closed, and completing the automatic pressure relief of the adsorption tower. The opening degree of the adjustable program control valve HV103 is changed into full opening, and the program control valve KV102 on the flushing outlet pipe is opened.
2) Automatic boosting
After the automatic pressure relief step is completed, the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is switched to the valve switching in normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the system is kept at the sub-cycle time when the system is stopped, namely the sub-cycle time when the system is under half load, the adjustable program control valve HV102 on the feed gas conveying pipe is opened at the same time, the program control valve is gradually opened to 10% from zero opening within 30s, and the flow rate of the feed gas is controlled to be 30% according to the feed gas flowmeter FQ 101. Because the program control valve KV101 on the product gas output pipe is in a closed state and no product gas is output, the pressure of the adsorption tower in an adsorption state in the system is gradually increased along with the operation of the system until the pressure of the raw material gas is reached (the judgment basis is | P |)AThe absolute value of-2.5 MPa is less than or equal to 0.03MPa, namely the adsorption pressure reaches 2.5MPa +/-0.03 MPa).
3) Automatic operation
After the automatic pressure increasing step is completed, namely when the pressure in the adsorption tower in the adsorption state reaches the pressure of the feed gas, the product gas air release regulating valve PV101 is opened, the product gas is released until the feedback value of the product gas quality online detection instrument R101 reaches the index requirement of the product hydrogen, the purity of the hydrogen in the example is more than or equal to 99.9% (mol/mol), and the purity of the CO + CO is more than or equal to 99.9% (mol/mol)2And (3) less than or equal to 10ppmv, closing the product gas air release regulating valve PV101, opening the program control valve on the product gas outward transmission pipe, and outputting qualified product hydrogen outward.
And finally, the control system finishes the automatic start of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system, and then the operation of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system adjusts the load and the operation parameters of the system according to the requirement.
Table 2: 10-2-4/P time sequence table
Note: a: adsorption step, 1D: a first pressure equalizing step, 2D: a second pressure equalizing step, 3D: a third pressure equalizing and reducing step, 4D: a fourth step of equalizing pressure drop, PP: step D: reverse amplification step, P: washing step, 4R: a fourth pressure equalization rise step, 3R: a third pressure equalization rise step, 2R: a second pressure equalization rise step, 1R: first pressure equalization rise step, FR: and (5) final charging.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit the technical solutions, and certainly not to limit the patent scope of the present invention; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; that is, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention, which are not substantially changed or supplemented by the spirit and the concept of the main body of the present invention, are still consistent with the present invention and shall be included in the scope of the present invention; in addition, the technical scheme of the invention is directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and the technical scheme is included in the patent protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system comprises a raw material gas conveying pipe, an adsorption tower group, a reverse-discharge depressurization pipe, a flushing outlet pipe, a product gas output pipe, an equal-charge and final-charge programmable valve pipeline, a pressure-equalizing programmable valve pipeline, a forward-discharge flushing programmable valve pipeline and a control system for controlling the operation of the hydrogen production system, and is characterized in that a final-charge pipeline is connected between the equal-charge and final-charge programmable valve pipeline and the product gas output pipe, a final-charge adjusting valve HV101 is arranged on the final-charge pipeline, an emptying pipeline is connected to the product gas output pipe, a product gas emptying adjusting valve PV101 is arranged on the emptying pipeline, an adjustable programmable valve HV102 is arranged on the raw material gas conveying pipe, an adjustable programmable valve HV103 is arranged on the reverse-discharge depressurization pipe, a KV102 is arranged on the flushing outlet pipe, and a KV101 is arranged on the product.
2. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the control system is connected with a final charge regulating valve HV101, a product gas emptying regulating valve PV101, an adjustable program control valve HV102, an adjustable program control valve HV103, a program control valve KV102 and a program control valve KV101 respectively.
3. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption tower set is provided with a pressure detection instrument for detecting the pressure in the adsorption tower.
4. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein a feed gas flow meter FQ101 connected with the control system is arranged on the feed gas delivery pipe.
5. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein a product gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the product gas outward conveying pipe and the adsorption tower group; preferably, a raw material gas program control valve connected with the control system is arranged between the raw material gas conveying pipe and the adsorption tower group.
6. The intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to claim 1, wherein a reverse pressure relief program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower set and the reverse pressure relief pipe; preferably, a flushing program control valve pipeline is arranged between the adsorption tower group and the flushing outlet pipe; preferably, the product gas outward transmission pipe is provided with a product gas quality online detection instrument R101 connected with the control system.
7. The method for stopping the intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, adsorbent regeneration: the control system firstly controls the adjustable program control valve HV102 and the program control valve KV101 to be closed, and then the next cycle time is changed into the time of half-load operation to continue operation until each adsorption tower in the adsorption tower group finishes flushing;
step 2, pressure equalizing of the adsorption tower group: after the adsorption tower group finishes the regeneration of the adsorption towers, the control system detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step and the final filling step or detects the adsorption towers in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step, opens a corresponding equalizing valve of the adsorption towers in the steps for equalizing pressure, closes the corresponding equalizing valve after equalizing pressure, and opens a product gas program control valve and a final filling regulating valve corresponding to the adsorption towers in the steps;
step 3, pressurizing the adsorption tower group: the control system detects the adsorption towers in the steps of needing pressure increase, namely the forward discharging step, the reverse discharging step and the flushing step, opens the final charge program control valves corresponding to the adsorption towers to increase the pressure of the adsorption towers, closes the corresponding final charge program control valves when the pressure of the adsorption towers rises to a set value, and controls the final charge regulating valves HV101 and all the program control valves to be closed until the pressure in all the adsorption towers in the steps needing pressure increase reaches or exceeds the set value, so that the system is automatically stopped.
8. The start-stop method according to claim 7, wherein in the step 2, when the adsorption tower in the adsorption step and the final filling step, or the adsorption tower in the adsorption step, the first pressure equalizing step and the first pressure equalizing step is opened to equalize the pressure, the pressure equalizing time is 1 minute; preferably, in the step 2, the opening degree of the charging pressure regulating valve is set to 10% when the charging pressure regulating valve is opened; more preferably, in the step 3, the set value of the pressure increase of the adsorption tower in the forward discharging step, the reverse discharging step or the flushing step is 0.20 MPaG; further preferably, if the sequential step has not been finished, the pressure of the adsorption column in the sequential step is not increased.
9. The start-up method of the intelligent start-stop pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A, automatic pressure relief: the control system opens the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve corresponding to the adsorption tower needing the pressure-increasing step detected by the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system during shutdown, opens the adjustable program control valve HV103 to a set opening degree to start pressure relief, closes the reverse-release pressure-reducing program control valve when the pressure of the adjustable program control valve HV103 is reduced to a regeneration pressure, changes the adjustable program control valve HV103 into full-open and opens the program control valve KV 102;
step B, automatic boosting: after the step A of automatic pressure relief is completed, the control system controls the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system to switch to the valve switching in normal operation, and simultaneously opens the adjustable program control valve HV102 until the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches the pressure of the feed gas;
step C, automatic operation: and C, after the step B of automatically boosting is completed, opening the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101 to empty the product gas until the product hydrogen reaches the index requirement, closing the product gas emptying regulating valve PV101, and opening a product gas program control valve on the product gas output pipe to output qualified product hydrogen outwards.
10. The starting method according to claim 9, wherein in the step a, the set opening degree is 15%; preferably, in the step B, when the control system controls the valve switching when the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system shifts to normal operation, the sub-cycle time of the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production system is kept at the sub-cycle time of half load; more preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the adjustable program control valve HV102 needs to be opened gradually from zero opening degree to 10% within 30 s; further preferably, in the step B, after the adjustable program control valve HV102 is opened, the raw material gas flow rate is controlled to be 30% according to the raw material gas flow meter FQ 101.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112758892A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-07 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system and method thereof |
| CN112919414A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-08 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | Low-pressure flushing regeneration pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system and hydrogen purification method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112758892A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-07 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system and method thereof |
| CN112919414A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-08 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | Low-pressure flushing regeneration pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification system and hydrogen purification method |
| CN115259087A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 广西柳州钢铁集团有限公司 | Hydrogen production operation method and system for improving hydrogen purity by establishing prejudgment mechanism |
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| CN116382397A (en) * | 2023-05-24 | 2023-07-04 | 惠州市华达通气体制造股份有限公司 | Adsorbent state control method and control device based on pressure swing adsorption hydrogen production |
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