CN111520499A

CN111520499A - Ball valve

Info

Publication number: CN111520499A
Application number: CN202010364935.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董丽春; 黄延军; 邵玉刚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-30
Filing date: 2020-04-30
Publication date: 2020-08-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a ball valve, which comprises a valve body, wherein a channel penetrating through the valve body from left to right is arranged in the valve body, a mounting hole is formed in the valve body along the direction vertical to the channel, an upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the mounting hole of the valve body, and a lower end cover is arranged at the lower end of the mounting hole; a shaft sleeve is rotatably connected in the upper end cover, a valve rod is arranged in the shaft sleeve, a ball core positioned in the channel is arranged at the lower end of the valve rod, and the lower end of the ball core is rotatably connected to the lower end cover; an installation cavity is formed between the upper end of the valve body and the upper end cover, a convex plate extending into the installation cavity is radially arranged on the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve, and the convex plate is oval; a left valve seat assembly is arranged at the left end of the channel in the valve body; the right end of the channel in the valve body is provided with a right valve seat component; the ball valve is simple in structure, free of abrasion in opening, simple in assembly and convenient to maintain.

Description

Ball valve

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pipeline valves, and particularly relates to a ball valve.

Background

In industrial or domestic infrastructure, media are usually conveyed by means of pipelines, which are regulated as a result of pressure or temperature changes, and regulating means, in particular ball valves, are used in the pipelines for regulating the flow in order to ensure optimum operating conditions and environmental safety. Ball valves are generally valves that use a ball with a circular passage as the opening and closing element, and the ball performs the opening and closing action with the rotation of the valve body. The opening and closing part of the ball valve is a ball body with a through hole and rotates around an axis vertical to the channel, so that the aim of opening and closing the channel is fulfilled. A conventional ball valve is generally a ball having a through hole formed therein and mounted on a valve seat to be opened and closed by rotation of the ball. The ball valve has the advantages of small fluid resistance, simple structure, tightness, reliability, convenient operation, rapid opening and closing, wide application range and the like, and is widely applied to various departments of petroleum, chemical industry, power generation, paper making, atomic energy, aviation, rockets and the like, and daily life of people. The prior art ball valves have the following problems in use:

(1) in order to ensure that the existing ball valve does not leak internally, a ball body, namely a closing member, needs to be tightly pressed on a valve seat during installation, the torque is large during opening and closing, the ball body generates friction with the valve seat during rotation, the abrasion is serious, the leakage is easy to cause, the working reliability of the ball valve is reduced, and the service life of the ball valve is shortened;

(2) in the actual production process, a pipeline conveying medium contains various impurities, and in the opening and closing process of the ball valve, as the ball body is always in close contact with the valve seat, the sealing surface is easily scratched by hard impurities to cause sealing failure and cause leakage in the ball valve, the ball valve needs to be frequently maintained and replaced, the whole ball valve needs to be completely dismounted and maintained when the ball valve is maintained, so that the maintenance is troublesome, the normal use of pipelines is delayed, the media in the pipelines at two sides can flow out, and the working environment is polluted;

(3) the ball valve in the prior art can not realize throttling and flow control, and in order to adjust the flow in the pipeline, a flow adjusting valve is required to be added in the pipeline, so that the configuration cost of the pipeline is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ball valve which is free from abrasion in opening, simple in assembly and convenient to maintain.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a ball valve comprises a valve body, wherein a channel which penetrates through the valve body from left to right is arranged in the valve body, a mounting hole is formed in the valve body along the direction vertical to the channel, an upper end cover is installed at the upper end of the mounting hole of the valve body, and a lower end cover is installed at the lower end of the mounting hole; a shaft sleeve is rotatably connected in the upper end cover, a valve rod is arranged in the shaft sleeve, a ball core positioned in the channel is arranged at the lower end of the valve rod, and the lower end of the ball core is rotatably connected to the lower end cover; an installation cavity is formed between the upper end of the valve body and the upper end cover, a convex plate extending into the installation cavity is radially arranged on the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve, and the convex plate is oval; a left valve seat assembly is arranged at the left end of the channel in the valve body; the left valve seat assembly comprises a left screw sleeve, a left valve seat barrel is connected in the left screw sleeve in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel, and a left convex shoulder is arranged on the outer side surface of the left valve seat barrel along the radial direction; a left limiting groove communicated with the channel and the mounting cavity is formed in the valve body along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder, a left convex rod penetrating through the left limiting groove and extending into the mounting cavity is fixedly mounted on the left convex shoulder, a left spring is arranged between the left threaded sleeve and the left convex shoulder and used for forcing the left convex rod to be tightly pressed on the outer side surface of the convex plate, and when the left convex rod is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate, the right end of the left valve seat cylinder is tightly pressed on the ball core; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is rotated by 90 degrees firstly, the left convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move leftwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the convex plate, then the shaft sleeve and the valve rod are rotated by 90 degrees simultaneously, the left convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move rightwards to the short shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the left spring, and meanwhile, the ball core rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel.

In a further technical scheme, a right valve seat assembly is arranged at the right end of the channel in the valve body; the right valve seat assembly comprises a right threaded sleeve, a right valve seat barrel is connected to the inner edge of the right threaded sleeve in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel, and a right convex shoulder is arranged on the outer side surface of the right valve seat barrel along the radial direction; a right limiting groove communicated with the channel and the mounting cavity is formed in the valve body along the axial direction of the right valve seat cylinder, a right convex rod penetrating through the right limiting groove and extending into the mounting cavity is fixedly mounted on the right convex shoulder, a right spring is arranged between the right threaded sleeve and the right convex shoulder and used for forcing the right convex rod to be tightly pressed on the outer side surface of the convex plate, and when the right convex rod is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate, the left end of the right valve seat cylinder is tightly pressed on the ball core; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is rotated by 90 degrees firstly, the right convex rod drives the right valve seat cylinder to move rightwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the convex plate, then the shaft sleeve and the valve rod are rotated by 90 degrees simultaneously, the right convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move leftwards to the short shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the right spring, and meanwhile, the ball core rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel.

In a further technical scheme, a cutting groove with an included angle of 90 degrees is formed in the side wall of the shaft sleeve, and a positioning rod positioned in the cutting groove is fixedly installed on the side surface of the valve rod; the valve rod is driven to rotate by the positioning rod when the shaft sleeve rotates.

In a further technical scheme, a left plug is fixedly installed in the left plug sleeve, a left shaft lever extends rightwards along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder and is arranged, and left through holes communicated with a channel are formed in the left plug and the left shaft lever; the right end of the left shaft lever is connected with a left check valve core positioned in a left valve seat cylinder in a sliding manner, the inner side wall of the left valve seat cylinder is provided with a left check valve seat along the radial direction, a left second spring is arranged between the left plug and the left check valve core, and the left second spring is used for forcing the left check valve core to move rightwards; when the ball core is positioned in the channel, the left check valve core is pressed on the ball core, and when the ball core is taken out from the lower end of the mounting hole, the left check valve core is pressed on the left check valve seat under the action of the left two springs.

In a further technical scheme, a right plug is fixedly installed in the right plug sleeve, a right shaft rod extends leftwards along the axial direction of the right valve seat cylinder and is provided with a right through hole communicated with a channel; the left end of the right shaft lever is connected with a right check valve core positioned in a right valve seat cylinder in a sliding manner, the inner side wall of the right valve seat cylinder is provided with a right check valve seat along the radial direction, and a right two-spring is arranged between the right plug and the right check valve core and used for forcing the right check valve core to move leftwards; when the ball core is positioned in the channel, the right check valve core is tightly pressed on the ball core, and when the ball core is taken out from the lower end of the mounting hole, the right check valve core is tightly pressed on the right check valve seat under the action of the right two springs.

In a further technical scheme, a plurality of through-flow holes are formed in the ball core along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve rod, the through-flow holes are uniformly arranged in the ball core at intervals along the axial direction of the valve rod, the through-flow holes are communicated with the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat cylinder when the ball valve is opened, and the through-flow holes are disconnected with the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat cylinder when the ball valve is closed; be equipped with upper end open-ended screw hole in the valve rod, the lower extreme of the inherent screw hole of valve rod and ball core is equipped with the valve opening with a plurality of through-flow hole intercommunication, screw hole female connection has the double-screw bolt, the lower extreme of double-screw bolt is equipped with the regulation pole that stretches into in the valve opening, it is used for controlling the break-make in through-flow hole to adjust the pole.

In a further technical scheme, a left sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the right end opening of the left valve seat cylinder, and a right sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the left end opening of the right valve seat cylinder.

In a further technical scheme, a handle rod is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the shaft sleeve.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:

(1) when the ball valve is opened or closed, the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat cylinder retract firstly, so that the ball core is not in contact friction with the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat, the friction force can be reduced, the abrasion is reduced, and the service life is prolonged;

(2) when the left sealing ring, the right sealing ring and the ball core need to be replaced and maintained, the ball core and the valve rod can be taken out only by taking down the positioning rod and unscrewing the lower end cover, so that the left sealing ring, the right sealing ring and the ball core can be replaced, and the left check valve core and the right check valve core can be closed, so that the two ends of the channel are sealed, and a medium in the pipeline is prevented from flowing out;

(3) the ball core is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the opening and closing of the through holes can be controlled by controlling the distance of the adjusting rod extending into the valve holes, so that the flow adjusting function is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with the core in a closed position;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with the ball core in the closed position and the left and right seat cylinders in the retracted position;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention with the ball core in the open position and the left and right seat cylinders in the extended position;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the ball core of the present invention after being disassembled for maintenance.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a ball valve includes a valve body 12, a left-right through channel 121 is provided in the valve body 12, a mounting hole 122 is provided in the valve body 12 along a direction perpendicular to the channel 121, an upper end cover 123 is fixedly mounted on an upper end of the mounting hole 122 of the valve body 12, and a lower end cover 13 is threadedly mounted on a lower end of the mounting hole 122; a shaft sleeve 5 is rotatably connected in the upper end cover 123, and a handle rod 124 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the shaft sleeve 5 close to the upper end; a valve rod 2 is arranged in the shaft sleeve 5, a ball core 1 positioned in the channel 121 is arranged at the lower end of the valve rod 2, and the lower end of the ball core 1 is rotatably connected to a lower end cover 13; an installation cavity 12a is formed between the upper end of the valve body 12 and the upper end cover 123, a convex plate 51 extending into the installation cavity 12a is radially arranged on the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve 5, and the convex plate 51 is oval.

A left valve seat assembly is arranged at the left end of the channel 121 in the valve body 12; the left valve seat assembly comprises a left threaded sleeve 9b, a left valve seat cylinder 3b is connected in the left threaded sleeve 9b in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel 121, and a left sealing ring 3b1 is fixedly arranged at the opening of the right end of the left valve seat cylinder 3 b; a left shoulder 3b2 is arranged on the outer side surface of the left valve seat barrel 3b along the radial direction; a left limiting groove 12b communicated with the channel 121 and the mounting cavity 12a is formed in the valve body 12 along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder 3b, a left convex rod 6b penetrating through the left limiting groove 12b and extending into the mounting cavity 12a is fixedly mounted on the left convex shoulder 3b2, a left spring 10b is arranged between the left screw sleeve 9b and the left convex shoulder 3b2, the left spring 10b is used for forcing the left convex rod 6b to be pressed on the outer side face of the convex plate 51, and when the left convex rod 6b is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate 51, the right end of the left valve seat cylinder 3b is pressed on the ball core 1; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is firstly rotated by 90 degrees, the left convex rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the convex plate 51, then the shaft sleeve 5 and the valve rod are simultaneously rotated by 90 degrees, the left convex rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move rightwards to the short shaft end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the left spring 10b, and meanwhile, the ball core 1 rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel 121.

A right valve seat component is arranged at the right end of the channel 121 in the valve body 12; the right valve seat assembly comprises a right threaded sleeve 9a, a right valve seat cylinder 3a is connected in the right threaded sleeve 9a in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel 121, and a right sealing ring 3a1 is fixedly arranged at the opening of the left end of the right valve seat cylinder 3 a; the outer side surface of the right valve seat cylinder 3a is provided with a right shoulder 3a2 along the radial direction; a right limiting groove 12c communicated with the channel 121 and the mounting cavity 12a is formed in the valve body 12 along the axial direction of the right valve seat cylinder 3a, a right convex rod 6a penetrating through the right limiting groove 12c and extending into the mounting cavity 12a is fixedly mounted on the right convex shoulder 3a2, a right spring 10a is arranged between the right threaded sleeve 9a and the right convex shoulder 3a2, the right spring 10a is used for forcing the right convex rod 6a to be tightly pressed on the outer side surface of the convex plate 51, and when the right convex rod 6a is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate 51, the left end of the right valve seat cylinder 3a is tightly pressed on the ball core 1; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is firstly rotated by 90 degrees, the right convex rod 6a drives the right valve seat cylinder 3a to move rightwards to the long axis end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the convex plate 51, then the shaft sleeve 5 and the valve rod are simultaneously rotated by 90 degrees, the right convex rod 6a drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the short axis end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the right spring 10a, and simultaneously the ball core 1 rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel 121.

The cam 51 of the present invention can not only prevent the movement of the boss 5 in the axial direction but also drive the left and right protruding

bars

6b and 6a to move.

A cutting groove 5a with an included angle of 90 degrees is formed in the side wall of the shaft sleeve 5, and a positioning rod 5a1 positioned in the cutting groove 5a is fixedly installed on the side surface of the valve rod 2; when the shaft sleeve 5 rotates, the positioning rod 5a1 drives the valve rod 2 to rotate.

A left plug 8b is fixedly installed in the left screw sleeve 9b, a left shaft lever 8b1 is arranged on the left plug 8b in a manner of extending rightwards along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder 3b, and left through holes 8b2 communicated with the channel 121 are formed in the left plug 8b and the left shaft lever 8b 1; the right end of the left shaft lever 8b1 is connected with a left check valve core 4b positioned in a left valve seat cylinder 3b in a sliding way, the inner side wall of the left valve seat cylinder 3b is provided with a left check valve seat 3b3 along the radial direction, a left second spring 10b is arranged between the left plug 8b and the left check valve core 4b, and the left second spring 10b is used for forcing the left check valve core 4b to move rightwards; when the ball core 1 is located in the passage 121, the left check valve element 4b is pressed against the ball core 1, and when the ball core 1 is removed from the lower end of the mounting hole 122, the left check valve element 4b is pressed against the left check valve seat 3b3 by the left two spring 10 b. A right plug 8a is fixedly installed in the right barrel 9a, a right shaft lever 8a1 extends leftwards along the axial direction of the right valve seat cylinder 3a of the right plug 8a, and right through holes 8a2 communicated with the channel 121 are formed in the right plug 8a and the right shaft lever 8a 1; the left end of the right shaft lever 8a1 is connected with a right check valve core 4a in a right valve seat cylinder 3a in a sliding way, the inner side wall of the right valve seat cylinder 3a is provided with a right check valve seat 3a3 along the radial direction, a right two spring 10a is arranged between the right plug 8a and the right check valve core 4a, and the right two spring 10a is used for forcing the right check valve core 4a to move leftwards; when the ball core 1 is located in the passage 121, the right check valve element 4a is pressed against the ball core 1, and when the ball core 1 is removed from the lower end of the mounting hole 122, the right check valve element 4a is pressed against the right check valve seat 3a3 by the action of the right two springs 10 a.

A plurality of through holes 101 are formed in the ball core 1 along the axial direction perpendicular to the valve rod 2, the through holes 101 are uniformly arranged in the ball core 1 along the axial direction of the valve rod 2 at intervals, when the ball valve is opened, the through holes 101 are communicated with the left valve seat cylinder 3b and the right valve seat cylinder 3a, and when the ball valve is closed, the through holes 101 are disconnected with the left valve seat cylinder 3b and the right valve seat cylinder 3 a; be equipped with upper end open-ended screw hole 21 in the valve rod 2, the valve rod 2 and the inherent screw hole 21's of ball core lower extreme are equipped with the valve opening 22 with a plurality of through-flow hole 101 intercommunication, screw hole 21 internal thread connection has double-screw bolt 23, the lower extreme of double-screw bolt 23 is equipped with the regulation pole 24 that stretches into in the valve opening 22, adjust the break-make that pole 24 is used for controlling through-flow hole 101. Here, the opening and closing of the plurality of through-flow holes 101 can be controlled by controlling the distance that the adjustment rod 24 extends into the valve hole 22, thereby performing a flow rate adjustment function.

As shown in fig. 1-3, which is a structural diagram of the ball valve in a closed state, when the ball valve is opened, the shaft sleeve 5 is driven by the handle to rotate 90 °, so that the left protruding rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the long axis end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the protruding plate 51, and at the same time, the right protruding rod 6a drives the right valve seat cylinder 3a to move rightwards to the long axis end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the protruding plate 51, as shown in fig. 4-6, at this time, the positioning rod 5a1 contacts with one end of the cutting groove 5a, the left protruding rod 6b and the right protruding rod 6a are respectively located at two ends of the long axis of the protruding plate 51, and the left valve seat cylinder 3b and the right valve seat cylinder 3 a; the shaft sleeve 5 is continuously driven to rotate 90 degrees by the handle, at the moment, the shaft sleeve 5 drives the valve rod 2 to simultaneously rotate 90 degrees by the positioning rod 5a1, the left protruding rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move rightwards to the short shaft end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the left spring 10b, meanwhile, the right protruding rod 6a drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the short shaft end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the right spring 10a, as shown in fig. 7-9, at the moment, the right end of the left valve seat cylinder 3b is tightly pressed on the left side of the ball core 1 through the left sealing ring 3b1, the left end of the right valve seat cylinder 3a is tightly pressed on the right side of the ball core 1 through the right sealing ring 3a1, and the through hole 101 communicates the left valve seat cylinder 3.

When the ball valve is closed, the shaft sleeve 5 is driven by the handle to rotate 90 degrees in the reverse direction, so that the left convex rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the convex plate 51, meanwhile, the right convex rod 6a drives the right valve seat cylinder 3a to move rightwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate 51 under the action of the convex plate 51, as shown in the position shown in fig. 4-6, the positioning rod 5a1 is in contact with the other end of the cutting groove 5a, the left convex rod 6b and the right convex rod 6a are respectively positioned at two ends of the long shaft of the convex plate 51, and the left valve seat cylinder 3b and the right valve seat cylinder 3a leave two sides of; the shaft sleeve 5 is continuously driven by the handle to rotate 90 degrees in the reverse direction, at the same time, the shaft sleeve 5 drives the valve rod 2 to rotate 90 degrees simultaneously by the positioning rod 5a1, so that the left protruding rod 6b drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move rightwards to the short shaft end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the left spring 10b, and at the same time, the right protruding rod 6a drives the left valve seat cylinder 3b to move leftwards to the short shaft end of the protruding plate 51 under the action of the right spring 10a, as shown in fig. 1-3, the right end of the left valve seat cylinder 3b is pressed on the left side of the ball core 1 through the left sealing ring 3b1, the left end of the right valve seat cylinder 3a is pressed on the right side of the ball core 1 through the right sealing ring 3a1, and the through hole 101 is disconnected from.

In addition, when the left sealing ring 3b1, the right sealing ring 3a1 and the ball core 1 need to be replaced and maintained, the ball core 1 and the valve rod can be taken out only by taking down the positioning rod 5a1 and unscrewing the lower end cover 13, the left sealing ring 3b1, the right sealing ring 3a1 and the ball core 1 can be replaced, and the left check valve core 4b and the right check valve core 4a can be closed, so that the two ends of the channel 121 are closed, and the medium in the pipeline is prevented from flowing out.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball valve comprises a valve body, wherein a channel which penetrates through the valve body from left to right is arranged in the valve body, a mounting hole is formed in the valve body along the direction vertical to the channel, an upper end cover is installed at the upper end of the mounting hole of the valve body, and a lower end cover is installed at the lower end of the mounting hole; the ball valve is characterized in that a shaft sleeve is rotationally connected in the upper end cover, a valve rod is arranged in the shaft sleeve, a ball core positioned in a channel is arranged at the lower end of the valve rod, and the lower end of the ball core is rotationally connected to the lower end cover; an installation cavity is formed between the upper end of the valve body and the upper end cover, a convex plate extending into the installation cavity is radially arranged on the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve, and the convex plate is oval; a left valve seat assembly is arranged at the left end of the channel in the valve body; the left valve seat assembly comprises a left screw sleeve, a left valve seat barrel is connected in the left screw sleeve in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel, and a left convex shoulder is arranged on the outer side surface of the left valve seat barrel along the radial direction; a left limiting groove communicated with the channel and the mounting cavity is formed in the valve body along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder, a left convex rod penetrating through the left limiting groove and extending into the mounting cavity is fixedly mounted on the left convex shoulder, a left spring is arranged between the left threaded sleeve and the left convex shoulder and used for forcing the left convex rod to be tightly pressed on the outer side surface of the convex plate, and when the left convex rod is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate, the right end of the left valve seat cylinder is tightly pressed on the ball core; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is rotated by 90 degrees firstly, the left convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move leftwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the convex plate, then the shaft sleeve and the valve rod are rotated by 90 degrees simultaneously, the left convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move rightwards to the short shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the left spring, and meanwhile, the ball core rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel.

2. The ball valve of claim 1, wherein the valve body has a right seat assembly at a right end of the passage; the right valve seat assembly comprises a right threaded sleeve, a right valve seat barrel is connected to the inner edge of the right threaded sleeve in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the channel, and a right convex shoulder is arranged on the outer side surface of the right valve seat barrel along the radial direction; a right limiting groove communicated with the channel and the mounting cavity is formed in the valve body along the axial direction of the right valve seat cylinder, a right convex rod penetrating through the right limiting groove and extending into the mounting cavity is fixedly mounted on the right convex shoulder, a right spring is arranged between the right threaded sleeve and the right convex shoulder and used for forcing the right convex rod to be tightly pressed on the outer side surface of the convex plate, and when the right convex rod is located at the short shaft end of the convex plate, the left end of the right valve seat cylinder is tightly pressed on the ball core; when the ball valve is opened or closed, the shaft sleeve is rotated by 90 degrees firstly, the right convex rod drives the right valve seat cylinder to move rightwards to the long shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the convex plate, then the shaft sleeve and the valve rod are rotated by 90 degrees simultaneously, the right convex rod drives the left valve seat cylinder to move leftwards to the short shaft end of the convex plate under the action of the right spring, and meanwhile, the ball core rotates by 90 degrees to open or close the channel.

3. The ball valve according to claim 2, wherein the side wall of the bushing is provided with a notch with an included angle of 90 °, and the side surface of the valve rod is fixedly provided with a positioning rod positioned in the notch; the valve rod is driven to rotate by the positioning rod when the shaft sleeve rotates.

4. The ball valve according to claim 2, wherein a left plug is fixedly installed in the left barrel, a left shaft rod extends rightwards along the axial direction of the left valve seat cylinder, and left through holes communicated with the channel are formed in the left plug and the left shaft rod; the right end of the left shaft lever is connected with a left check valve core positioned in a left valve seat cylinder in a sliding manner, the inner side wall of the left valve seat cylinder is provided with a left check valve seat along the radial direction, a left second spring is arranged between the left plug and the left check valve core, and the left second spring is used for forcing the left check valve core to move rightwards; when the ball core is positioned in the channel, the left check valve core is pressed on the ball core, and when the ball core is taken out from the lower end of the mounting hole, the left check valve core is pressed on the left check valve seat under the action of the left two springs.

5. The ball valve according to claim 2, wherein a right plug is fixedly installed in the right barrel, a right shaft rod extends leftwards along the axial direction of the right seat cylinder, and right through holes communicated with the channel are formed in the right plug and the right shaft rod; the left end of the right shaft lever is connected with a right check valve core positioned in a right valve seat cylinder in a sliding manner, the inner side wall of the right valve seat cylinder is provided with a right check valve seat along the radial direction, and a right two-spring is arranged between the right plug and the right check valve core and used for forcing the right check valve core to move leftwards; when the ball core is positioned in the channel, the right check valve core is tightly pressed on the ball core, and when the ball core is taken out from the lower end of the mounting hole, the right check valve core is tightly pressed on the right check valve seat under the action of the right two springs.

6. The ball valve according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of through holes are formed in the ball core in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve stem, and the through holes are uniformly arranged in the ball core at intervals in the axial direction of the valve stem, and when the ball valve is opened, the through holes are communicated with the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat cylinder, and when the ball valve is closed, the through holes are disconnected from the left valve seat cylinder and the right valve seat cylinder; be equipped with upper end open-ended screw hole in the valve rod, the lower extreme of the inherent screw hole of valve rod and ball core is equipped with the valve opening with a plurality of through-flow hole intercommunication, screw hole female connection has the double-screw bolt, the lower extreme of double-screw bolt is equipped with the regulation pole that stretches into in the valve opening, it is used for controlling the break-make in through-flow hole to adjust the pole.

7. The ball valve according to claim 2, wherein a left sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the right end opening of the left valve seat cylinder, and a right sealing ring is fixedly arranged at the left end opening of the right valve seat cylinder.

8. The ball valve of claim 1, wherein a handle lever is fixedly mounted to an outer side of the bushing.