CN111520103A - Ground throttling device - Google Patents
Ground throttling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111520103A CN111520103A CN202010545926.4A CN202010545926A CN111520103A CN 111520103 A CN111520103 A CN 111520103A CN 202010545926 A CN202010545926 A CN 202010545926A CN 111520103 A CN111520103 A CN 111520103A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 24
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 Natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/02—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a ground throttling arrangement, including the throttling arrangement body, the throttling arrangement body is to the flow through the natural gas of throttling arrangement body is throttled and is stepped down, and guarantees the temperature of natural gas is located on the critical temperature of natural gas hydrate all the time, wherein, the throttling arrangement body includes a plurality of orifice plates, set up at the predetermined distance interval between the orifice plate, every be equipped with the orifice on the orifice plate. The natural gas well realizes that the high-pressure natural gas at the natural gas well mouth reaches the low-pressure output pipeline after passing through the ground throttling device and simultaneously reaches the low-pressure output pipeline under the condition of not generating natural gas hydrate, the operation is simple, the cost is low, and the gathering and transportation process flow of the natural gas well field is simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of natural gas throttling and gathering, in particular to a ground throttling device.
Background
Natural gas hydrates are crystalline complexes of water and hydrocarbon gases in natural gas at pressures and temperatures (above the freezing temperature of water). Natural gas hydrates form at a maximum temperature, the critical temperature, beyond which even higher pressures will not form hydrates. Hydrate formation can plug the wellbore or gas production line, affecting the normal production of the gas well.
In the production process of the gas field, a pressure reduction production mode is often adopted according to the characteristics of a ground development mode. Hydrate is possibly formed in the throttling process of a shaft and the ground in the depressurization production, so that the pipeline is blocked, and the serious harm is brought to the production of a gas well.
The common methods for controlling hydrates are: the method comprises three modes of an underground throttling process, an antifreeze injection method and a ground heating method.
The underground throttling process is characterized by that the underground throttle is placed in a proper position of production pipe column to implement throttling and pressure-reducing in the shaft, and the ground throttling process is transferred into the shaft, and the geothermal heating is fully utilized to make the air flow temperature after throttling be higher than hydrate formation highest temperature under the condition of pressure after throttling, at the same time the ground gas-collecting pipeline is buried under the frozen soil layer, so that the hydrate blockage can not be formed in the shaft, well mouth and ground pipeline.
There are problems in that: the throttleer is arranged below the stratum, the operation and salvage cost is high, underground data acquisition is inconvenient, and underground gas production parameters are difficult to really know.
The antifreezing agent injection method is to inject methanol antifreezing agent to lower the temperature point of hydrate formation and prevent hydrate formation during partial gas well and gas collecting pipeline production.
There are problems in that: the methanol antifreezing agent has high cost, and alcohol injection equipment and operation pipelines are increased.
The ground heating throttling process is characterized in that a heating furnace is additionally arranged on the ground, a medium is heated to a certain temperature, then throttling is carried out by adopting a throttling valve, and the temperature reduction caused by throttling is compensated by a heating mode.
There are problems in that: the furnace is expensive to operate and requires constant maintenance.
Therefore, a throttling process is needed to solve the problems of difficult operation and high cost of the underground throttler, replace a heating furnace and a throttling valve for ground throttling and an alcohol injection device, and simplify the gathering and transportation process flow of a natural gas production well site.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of this application is to overcome prior art's defect, provides a ground throttling arrangement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
the utility model provides a ground throttling arrangement, includes the throttling arrangement body, the throttling arrangement body is to the flow through the natural gas of throttling arrangement body is throttled and is stepped down, and guarantees the temperature of natural gas is located above the critical temperature of natural gas hydrate all the time, wherein, the throttling arrangement body includes a plurality of orifice plates, set up with the predetermined distance interval between the orifice plate, every be equipped with the orifice on the orifice plate.
Optionally, the ground throttling device further comprises: a ball valve, a first pressure gauge, a first thermometer, a second pressure gauge, a second thermometer and a flowmeter,
the input end of the ball valve is used for being connected with wellhead natural gas to obtain natural gas, the output end of the ball valve is connected with the input end of a first pressure gauge through a pipeline, the output end of the first pressure gauge is connected with the input end of a first thermometer, the output end of the first thermometer is connected with the input end of a throttling device body, the output end of the throttling device body is connected with the input end of a second pressure gauge, the output end of the second pressure gauge is connected with the input end of a second thermometer, the output end of the second thermometer is connected with the input end of a flowmeter, and the output end of the flowmeter is used for being connected with a low-pressure output pipeline to output the depressurized natural gas.
Optionally, the ground throttling device further comprises: a ball valve, a first pressure gauge, a first thermometer, a second pressure gauge, a second thermometer and a flowmeter,
the input end of the ball valve is used for being connected with wellhead natural gas to obtain natural gas, the output end of the ball valve is connected with the input end of the first thermometer through a pipeline, the output end of the first thermometer is connected with the input end of the first pressure gauge, the output end of the first pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the throttling device body, the output end of the throttling device body is connected with the input end of the second thermometer, the output end of the second thermometer is connected with the input end of the second pressure gauge, the output end of the second pressure gauge is connected with the input end of the flowmeter, and the output end of the flowmeter is used for being connected with a low-pressure output pipeline to output the depressurized natural gas.
Optionally, the aperture of the throttle hole is gradually decreased along the throttling direction of the throttling device body.
Optionally, each orifice plate in the orifice device body has a different aperture size, the aperture size being determined such that no hydrates form and no choked flow forms at the orifice of each orifice plate.
Optionally, the width of each orifice plate in the orifice device body, which is close to the side wall of the pipeline, is greater than the width of the orifice plate at the orifice end.
Optionally, each orifice plate in the throttle body is arranged in a pipeline in the ground throttle device through a flange connection.
Optionally, the ground throttling device is provided with an insulating layer.
The ground throttling device of this application is to flowing through the throttling device body the natural gas of throttling device body throttles and steps down, and guarantees the temperature of natural gas is located on the natural gas hydrate critical temperature all the time, has realized that the high-pressure natural gas that makes the natural gas well head reaches the throttle behind the throttling device and guarantees simultaneously that the temperature is not less than natural gas hydrate formation temperature, reach the outer defeated pipeline of low pressure under the condition of not producing natural gas hydrate, and the operation is simple, with low costs and simplify the defeated process flow of natural gas well site collection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a wellsite throttling system in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a surface restriction of a wellsite restriction system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a diverging section between restriction orifices in a surface restriction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a mass flow averaged temperature profile of an axial cross-section of a multi-stage orifice plate;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a pressure profile of an axial cross-section of a multi-stage orifice plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a geometric model of a multi-stage orifice plate in the surface restriction of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a geometric model of each of a plurality of stages of orifice plates in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a wellsite throttling method of an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals
101-an emergency shut-off valve, 102-a ground throttling device, 103-a fourth ball valve, 104-a first ball valve, 105-a flow meter, 106-a third ball valve, 107-a second ball valve, 108-a gas production tree, 109-a vent pipeline, 110-a low-pressure output pipeline, 201-a throttling device body, 202-a fifth ball valve, 203-a first pressure gauge, 204-a first thermometer, 205-a throttling orifice plate, 206-a throttling orifice plate, 207-a throttling orifice plate, 208-a throttling orifice plate, 209-a second pressure gauge, 210-a second thermometer and 211-a flow meter.
Detailed Description
The following description of specific embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings.
In this document, "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships between relevant portions, and do not limit absolute positions of the relevant portions.
In this document, "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing one from another, and do not indicate the degree and order of importance, the premise that each other exists, and the like.
In this context, "equal", "same", etc. are not strictly mathematical and/or geometric limitations, but also include tolerances as would be understood by a person skilled in the art and allowed for manufacturing or use, etc.
Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several sub-ranges subsumed therein.
The application provides a well site throttling system, as shown in fig. 1, well site throttling system includes gas production tree 108, ground throttling gear 102 and low pressure export pipeline 110, the input of ground throttling gear 102 through the pipeline with gas production tree 108 is connected, the output of ground throttling gear 102 through the pipeline with low pressure export pipeline 110 is connected, wherein, ground throttling gear 102 includes throttling gear body 201, throttling gear body 201 throttles and steps down the natural gas that flows through throttling gear body 201 to guarantee that the temperature of natural gas is located above the natural gas hydrate critical temperature all the time.
Specifically, an input end of the ground throttling device 102 is connected with the gas production tree 108 through a pipeline and is used for obtaining high-pressure natural gas from a natural gas wellhead, the ground throttling device 102 is used for throttling and depressurizing the high-pressure natural gas to obtain low-pressure natural gas meeting transmission requirements or production requirements, and an output end of the ground throttling device 102 is connected with the low-pressure export pipeline 110 through a pipeline and is used for exporting the low-pressure natural gas to a downstream pipeline.
The natural gas hydrate is a crystalline cage-like solid complex formed by van der waals interaction between a host molecule (water) and a guest molecule (a hydrocarbon gas such as methane, ethane, or a nonhydrocarbon gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide) under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions. Wherein, the water molecules form a crystal grid by means of hydrogen bonds, and holes in the grid are filled with light hydrocarbon, heavy hydrocarbon or non-hydrocarbon molecules. The hydrate has extremely strong gas storage capacity, and one unit volume of the natural gas hydrate can store 160 to 180 times of gas volume. The natural gas hydrate critical temperature is a highest critical temperature of the formation of the natural gas hydrate, if the temperature is exceeded, the hydrate cannot be formed under the higher pressure, the throttling device body 201 of the ground throttling device 102 throttles and reduces the pressure of the natural gas flowing through the throttling device body 201, and the temperature of the natural gas is always above the critical temperature.
The well site throttling system provided by the application can realize that the high-pressure natural gas at a natural gas wellhead reaches throttling after passing through the ground throttling device, and simultaneously, the temperature is not lower than the natural gas hydrate forming temperature, and the natural gas hydrate reaches a low-pressure external transmission pipeline under the condition that the natural gas hydrate is not generated, so that the operation is simple, the cost is low, and the gathering and transportation process flow of the natural gas well site is simplified.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the wellsite throttling system further comprises: the input end of the emergency cut-off valve 101 is connected with the gas production tree 108 through a pipeline, and the output end of the emergency cut-off valve 101 is connected with the input end of the ground throttling device 102 through a pipeline; and the input end of the flow meter 105 is connected with the output end of the surface throttling device 102 through a pipeline, and the output end of the flow meter 105 is connected with the low-pressure output pipeline 110 through a pipeline.
Specifically, the input of quick emergency valve 101 pass through the pipeline with gas production tree 108 is connected for obtain the high-pressure natural gas who comes from the natural gas well head, the output of quick emergency valve 101 pass through the pipeline with ground throttling arrangement 102's input is connected for can in time cut off when there is emergency accident or natural gas pressure anomaly, in order to avoid high-pressure natural gas to get into ground throttling arrangement 102, cause the destruction to the device, flowmeter 105 is used for measuring the flow that passes through.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the wellsite throttling system further comprises: a first ball valve 104, wherein the first ball valve 104 is arranged between the surface throttling device 102 and the flow meter 105, an input end of the first ball valve 104 is connected with an output end of the surface throttling device 102 through a pipeline, and an output end of the first ball valve 104 is connected with an input end of the flow meter 105 through a pipeline; the second ball valve 107 is arranged between the flow meter 105 and the low-pressure external transmission pipeline 110, the input end of the second ball valve 107 is connected with the output end of the flow meter 105 through a pipeline, and the output end of the second ball valve 107 is connected with the low-pressure external transmission pipeline 110 through a pipeline.
In practical application, the low-pressure natural gas is conveyed from the output end of the surface throttling device 102 to the input end of the first ball valve 104 through a pipeline, is conveyed from the output end of the first ball valve 104 to the input end of the flow meter 105, passes through the flow meter 105, is conveyed from the output end of the flow meter 105 to the input end of the second ball valve 107 through a pipeline, and is conveyed from the output end of the second ball valve 107 to the low-pressure output pipeline 110.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the wellsite throttling system further comprises: the input end and the output end of the third ball valve 106 are respectively connected with the two ends of the flowmeter 105 through pipelines, so that a bypass branch of the flowmeter 105 is formed. When the flow meter 105 is replaced, the third ball valve 106 is opened and low pressure natural gas from the surface throttling device 102 is piped to the input of the third ball valve 106 and from the output of the third ball valve 106 to the low pressure export line 110.
In an embodiment of the present application, the wellsite throttling system further comprises: and an input end of the fourth ball valve 103 is connected with the gas production tree 108 through a pipeline, and an output end of the fourth ball valve 103 is connected with a vent pipeline 109 through a pipeline. In practical application, when the pressure of the natural gas is abnormal, the emergency cut-off valve 101 is turned off, the natural gas reaches the input end of the ball valve from the collection tree through a pipeline, and the natural gas reaches the emptying pipeline 109 through the pipeline from the output end of the ball valve, so that the natural gas emptying is realized.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the ground throttling device 102 further includes, in addition to the throttling device body 201: a fifth ball valve 202, a first pressure gauge 203, a first temperature gauge 204, a second pressure gauge 209, a second temperature gauge 210 and a flow meter 211, wherein the input end of the ball valve is used for connecting with a natural gas well head to obtain natural gas, the output end of the ball valve is connected with the input end of the first pressure gauge 203 through a pipeline, the output end of the first pressure gauge 203 is connected with the input end of the first temperature gauge 204, the output end of the first temperature gauge 204 is connected with the input end of the throttling device body 201, the output end of the throttling device body 201 is connected with the input end of the second pressure gauge 209, the output end of the second pressure gauge 209 is connected with the input end of the second temperature gauge 210, the output end of the second temperature gauge 210 is connected with the input end of the flow meter 211, and the output end of the flow meter 211 is used for connecting with the low-pressure delivery line 110 to, the flow meter 211 measures the flow rate of the fluid passing therethrough.
The connection sequence of the first pressure gauge 203 and the first thermometer 204 can be exchanged, and the connection sequence of the second pressure gauge 209 and the second thermometer 210 can be exchanged.
The specific structure of the throttle device body 201 will be described below. In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the throttling device body 201 includes a plurality of throttling orifice plates 205 to 208, the throttling orifice plates are spaced apart by a predetermined distance, and the predetermined distance forms a diffusion section for ensuring that the temperature of the natural gas is always above the critical temperature of the natural gas hydrate. Each orifice plate is provided with an orifice, and the aperture of the orifice is gradually decreased along the throttling direction of the throttling device body 201, that is, each orifice plate in the throttling device body 201 can have different aperture sizes, and the aperture size is obtained through calculation according to the pressure difference between two ends of the throttling device body 201.
As shown in fig. 3, the gas reaches the diffuser after passing through the orifice of the orifice plate, and is fully developed, and the temperature returns to the initial temperature before throttling. Fig. 4 shows the average temperature profile of the mass flow in the axial section, as shown in fig. 4, after passing through the orifice of the orifice plate, the temperature of the natural gas in the diffuser section will return to the initial temperature before throttling, with substantially no decrease, and the temperature will always remain above the natural gas hydrate critical temperature. After passing through the orifice, the pressure of the natural gas shows a step-down as shown in fig. 5, and the natural gas is finally depressurized after passing through the N-stage orifice plate.
The number of orifice stages included in the throttle body 201 is related to the conditions of initial and final pressures, media, initial temperature, etc. D in FIG. 6 represents the diameter of the orifice plate, p1Represents the medium inlet pressure (MPa), p of the multi-stage throttling orifice plate2Represents the medium outlet pressure (MPa), q, of the multi-stage orifice platemRepresenting the flow rate of the medium per unit time. The stage aperture sizes may be sized such that no hydrates form and no choked flow forms at the orifice of each orifice plate.
In an embodiment of the present application, the orifice plates in the throttling device body 201 may be configured such that, as shown in fig. 7, the width of each orifice plate near the side wall of the pipe is greater than the width of the orifice plate at the end of the orifice plate, D is the diameter of the orifice plate, D is the size of the orifice hole, E is the width of the orifice plate, E is the width of the throat, and θ is the throat diffusion angle, where E is smaller than E.
Each orifice plate in the throttle body 201 is flanged in a pipe in the ground throttle 102. The ground throttling device 102 is provided with a heat insulation layer which is made of heat insulation rock wool, so that temperature loss is avoided in the pressure reduction and throttling process, and the ground throttling device is not affected by the environment.
The application provides a wellsite throttling method, as shown in FIG. 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, conveying natural gas from a natural gas wellhead to the ground throttling device 102;
s2, carrying out multistage depressurization and throttling on natural gas through the ground throttling device 102 to obtain the natural gas which accords with wellhead pipe conveying pressure, and controlling the temperature of the natural gas to be always above the critical temperature of a natural gas hydrate, wherein the ground throttling device 102 comprises a throttling device body 201, the throttling device body 201 comprises a plurality of throttling orifice plates, the throttling orifice plates are arranged at intervals with a preset distance, and each throttling orifice plate is provided with a throttling hole;
and S3, conveying the natural gas which meets the wellhead pipeline conveying pressure to a downstream pipeline through a low-pressure outward conveying pipeline 110.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, high-pressure natural gas from a natural gas wellhead reaches a ground throttling device 102 through a pipeline to undergo multistage depressurization and throttling to form low-pressure natural gas, and the low-pressure natural gas reaches a low-pressure export pipeline 110 from an output end of the ground throttling device 102 through a pipeline, wherein an input end of the ground throttling device 102 is connected with the natural gas wellhead through a pipeline and is used for obtaining the high-pressure natural gas from the natural gas wellhead, the ground throttling device 102 is used for throttling and depressurizing the high-pressure natural gas to obtain the low-pressure natural gas meeting a transmission requirement or a production requirement, and an output end of the ground throttling device 102 is connected with the low-pressure export pipeline 110 through a pipeline and is used for exporting the low-pressure natural gas to a downstream pipeline.
The well site throttling method provided by the application can realize that the high-pressure natural gas at the natural gas wellhead reaches throttling after passing through the ground throttling device, and simultaneously reaches a low-pressure external transmission pipeline under the conditions that the temperature is not lower than the natural gas hydrate forming temperature and the natural gas hydrate is not generated, the operation is simple, the cost is low, and the gathering and transportation process flow of the natural gas well site is simplified.
In an embodiment of the present application, delivering natural gas from a natural gas wellhead to a surface restriction 102 comprises:
obtaining natural gas from a gas production tree 108 at a natural gas wellhead;
the natural gas is delivered to the surface throttling device 102 after passing through the emergency cut-off valve 101.
Specifically, high-pressure natural gas reaches the input end of the ground throttling device 102 from the output end of the emergency cut-off valve 101 through a pipeline, after multi-stage throttling and pressure reduction are performed in the ground throttling device 102, low-pressure natural gas reaches the low-pressure output pipeline 110 from the output end of the ground throttling device 102 through a pipeline, wherein the input end of the emergency cut-off valve 101 is connected with the gas production tree 108 through a pipeline and used for obtaining high-pressure natural gas from a natural gas wellhead, and the output end of the emergency cut-off valve 101 is connected with the input end of the ground throttling device 102 through a pipeline and used for timely cutting off when an emergency accident or natural gas pressure is abnormal, so that the high-pressure natural gas is prevented from entering the ground throttling device 102 and damaging the device.
In an embodiment of the present application, the multistage depressurization and throttling of the natural gas by the surface throttling device 102 includes:
the natural gas is subjected to multistage depressurization and throttling through a plurality of throttling orifice plates in the throttling device body 201.
In an embodiment of the present application, the transporting the natural gas according to the wellhead pipeline pressure to the downstream pipeline through the low pressure export pipeline 110 includes:
acquiring natural gas from the surface throttling device 102;
the natural gas is delivered to the downstream pipeline through a low pressure delivery line 110 after being subjected to flow rate detection by a flow meter 105.
Specifically, the low-pressure natural gas from the surface throttling device 102 reaches the input end of the flow meter 105 from the output end of the surface throttling device 102 through a pipeline, after flow detection is carried out through the flow meter 105, the natural gas reaches the low-pressure delivery line 110 from the output end of the flow meter 105 through a pipeline, the natural gas is delivered to a downstream pipeline through the low-pressure delivery line 110, wherein the flow meter 105 is used for measuring the passing flow, the input end of the flow meter 105 is connected with the output end of the surface throttling device 102 through a pipeline, and the output end of the flow meter 105 is connected with the low-pressure delivery line 110 through a pipeline.
In an embodiment of the present application, the wellsite throttling method further comprises: an emptying pipeline 109 is arranged between the gas production tree 108 and the emergency cut-off valve 101; the vent line 109 is used to vent the natural gas in the event of an abnormal natural gas pressure by shutting off the slam shut valve 101.
Specifically, the vent line 109 may have a fourth ball valve, an input end of the fourth ball valve is connected with the gas production tree 108 through a pipeline, and an output end of the ball valve is connected with the vent line 109 through a pipeline, so that when the natural gas pressure is abnormal, the emergency cut-off valve 101 is turned off, the natural gas reaches the input end of the ball valve from the collection tree through a pipeline, and reaches the vent line 109 through the output end of the ball valve, so as to realize natural gas venting.
In an embodiment of the present application, the wellsite throttling method further comprises: forming a bypass branch of the flow meter 105 at both ends of the flow meter 105; the bypass branch is used to route natural gas from the bypass branch to a low pressure export line 110 when the flow meter 105 is replaced.
Specifically, the bypass branch may have a third ball valve 106, and an input end and an output end of the third ball valve 106 are respectively connected to both ends of the flow meter 105 through pipes, thereby forming a bypass branch of the flow meter 105. When the flow meter 105 is replaced, the third ball valve 106 is opened and low pressure natural gas from the surface throttling device 102 is piped to the input of the third ball valve 106 and from the output of the third ball valve 106 to the low pressure export line 110.
The preferred embodiments and examples of the present application have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the embodiments and examples described above, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The ground throttling device is characterized by comprising a throttling device body (201), wherein the throttling device body (201) throttles and reduces pressure of natural gas flowing through the throttling device body (201) and ensures that the temperature of the natural gas is always above the critical temperature of a natural gas hydrate, the throttling device body (201) comprises a plurality of throttling orifice plates, the throttling orifice plates are arranged at intervals of a preset distance, and each throttling orifice plate is provided with a throttling orifice.
2. A ground throttling arrangement as defined in claim 1, further comprising: a ball valve (202), a first pressure gauge (203), a first thermometer (204), a second pressure gauge (209), a second thermometer (210), a flow meter (211), wherein,
the input end of the ball valve (202) is used for being connected with wellhead natural gas to obtain natural gas, the output end of the ball valve (202) is connected with the input end of the first pressure gauge (203) through a pipeline, the output end of the first pressure gauge (203) is connected with the input end of the first thermometer (204), the output end of the first thermometer (204) is connected with the input end of the throttling device body (201), the output end of the throttling device body (201) is connected with the input end of the second pressure gauge (209), the output end of the second pressure gauge (209) is connected with the input end of the second thermometer (210), the output of the second thermometer (210) is connected to the input of the flow meter (211), the output end of the flowmeter (211) is used for being connected with a low-pressure external transmission pipeline to output the natural gas after pressure reduction.
3. A ground throttling arrangement as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a ball valve (202), a first pressure gauge (203), a first thermometer (204), a second pressure gauge (209), a second thermometer (210), a flow meter (211), wherein,
the input end of the ball valve (202) is used for being connected with wellhead natural gas to obtain natural gas, the output end of the ball valve (202) is connected with the input end of the first thermometer (204) through a pipeline, the output end of the first thermometer (204) is connected with the input end of the first pressure gauge (203), the output end of the first pressure gauge (203) is connected with the input end of the throttling device body (201), the output end of the throttling device body (201) is connected with the input end of the second thermometer (210), the output end of the second thermometer (210) is connected with the input end of the second pressure gauge (209), the output end of the second pressure gauge (209) is connected with the input end of the flowmeter (211), and the output end of the flowmeter is connected with a low-pressure external transmission pipeline to output the natural gas after pressure reduction.
4. A ground throttle device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the aperture of the throttle bore is gradually decreasing in the throttling direction of the throttle device body (201).
5. A ground restriction device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each restriction plate in the restriction device body (201) has a different aperture size, the aperture size being determined such that no hydrates and no choked flows are formed at the restriction of each restriction plate.
6. A ground throttling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each orifice plate in the throttling device body (201) has an orifice plate width close to the pipe side wall larger than the orifice plate width at the orifice end.
7. A ground throttle device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each orifice plate in the throttle device body (201) is arranged by flange connection in a conduit in the ground throttle device (102).
8. A ground throttling device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ground throttling device (102) is provided with an insulating layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010545926.4A CN111520103A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Ground throttling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010545926.4A CN111520103A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Ground throttling device |
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| CN111520103A true CN111520103A (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010545926.4A Pending CN111520103A (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Ground throttling device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112815173A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-18 | 上海空间推进研究所 | System and method for predicting throttle area of throttle orifice plate |
| CN117775257A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-03-29 | 株式会社岩谷技研 | Container for flying body |
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