CN111508173A - High-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system - Google Patents
High-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111508173A CN111508173A CN202010231187.1A CN202010231187A CN111508173A CN 111508173 A CN111508173 A CN 111508173A CN 202010231187 A CN202010231187 A CN 202010231187A CN 111508173 A CN111508173 A CN 111508173A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/02—Mechanical actuation
- G08B13/12—Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires
- G08B13/122—Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence
- G08B13/124—Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence with the breaking or disturbance being optically detected, e.g. optical fibers in the perimeter fence
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
- G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
- G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
- G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system, which is applied to the technical field of pipeline detection, and particularly can visually remind a user of the excavation and damage conditions of an optical cable along the way by characters and images in the scene of cable damage and anti-theft cutting caused by third-party construction; and the optical fiber MZ interferometer transmits the interference output value to a short message notification module to edit and transmit a short message, and simultaneously transmits the interference output value to a computer terminal to convert a oscillogram.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, in particular to a high-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the urbanization process, besides the fact that the space on the ground is increasingly tense, the underground space is also very short, the event of cable damage caused by third-party construction happens occasionally, and due to the fact that the number of routes is large, the number of patrol personnel is small, and the damage of the third-party construction to a high-voltage cable channel is difficult to find and prevent in time. In addition, the cable may be cut for various reasons.
Although distributed optical fiber vibration detection systems have been on the market for many years, the nominal positioning accuracy is as high as within 10 meters, and the detection distance is more than 50km, the indexes are measured in a laboratory environment, for practical engineering application, a great deal of research work is needed, for example, many PK tests are carried out in China Petroleum Tianjin branch company, Shengli oil field, long-intelligence optoelectronic material limited optical fiber sensing experiment base and the like, the actual effect is unsatisfactory, and the unit connects the equipment to one optical fiber in the existing communication trunk to monitor the excavation and damage conditions of the optical cable along the way, the effect is also unsatisfactory, and the following reasons are mainly found through analysis:
1. the distributed optical fiber vibration detection system adopts a double MZ system, is very sensitive to external vibration, but has larger positioning error. Therefore, most distributed optical fiber vibration Detection (DAS) adopts a narrow-linewidth laser pulse backscattering self-coherent technology, and when narrow pulses are adopted, signals are very weak, so that the detection difficulty is high; if a wide pulse signal is adopted, although the detection is easy, the spatial distribution is wide, and the sensitivity to external vibration signals is actually weakened. The optical fiber at a specific position is extruded by adopting piezoelectric ceramics in a laboratory to simulate the external vibration, some manufacturers fix a section of optical fiber on a glass plate, and drop a small glass ball on the glass plate to simulate the natural vibration, and in the actual underground engineering environment, the detection optical fiber is sealed in ointment in a thick protective layer, so that the unevenness of the geological structure and the cable duct have obvious transmitting, attenuating and scattering effects on the external vibration, thereby further reducing the responsiveness of the optical fiber to the external vibration.
2. This kind of system is equivalent to the vibration condition of each point on the optical fiber which is inspected by one optical pulse, the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber is about 20 kilo kilometers, therefore, for 50km optical fiber, the optical pulse enters from the optical fiber head end to the optical fiber tail end, at least 500 microseconds is needed when returning to the optical fiber head end along the original path, namely, the maximum inspection speed is 2kHz, in addition, because the signal is weak and the noise is large, the accumulated average is carried out more than 30 times, and the inspection speed is reduced to 66 times by 30 times, according to the sampling law, the maximum frequency which can be acquired is only 30 Hz. And the frequency of the vibrations generated by one outside excavation may be much higher than this value. In order to obtain better measurement data in a laboratory, experiments are often performed by using short optical fibers, so that the sampling rate (i.e. repetition frequency) can be increased, and the difference between the actual performance of the system and the experimental conditions is further expanded.
3. In addition, the selling price of the system is expensive, the price is not related to the distance, the imported equipment is more than 100 million, the market price of domestic equipment is about 80 million, the urban high-voltage transmission line is not usually in such a long distance, and the number of urban high-voltage transmission channels is very large, so that the system generates huge capital pressure for the power department if being configured.
The invention discloses a pipeline leakage and anti-excavation early warning system with the patent number of CN110345389A, wherein the emergent light of a laser is divided into two paths by a main light splitter, two groups of branch light splitters, two branch optical fibers, a coupler and a photoelectric converter are adopted to respectively form optical fiber MZ interferometers in two directions, the monitoring is carried out by the two optical fiber MZ interferometers, meanwhile, a pulse laser, a sensing optical fiber, a circulator and a photoelectric sensor are adopted to cooperate to realize the narrow linewidth laser pulse back scattering auto-coherent monitoring, and then the narrow linewidth laser pulse detection is started to accurately detect a disturbance area. Data information acquired by the system can be referred to by a user only through processing of a plurality of links of computer equipment, and the patent specification does not disclose functional details for reminding the user.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system with the manufacturing cost far lower than that of the existing equipment, and solving the problem that the system in the prior art is lack of friendly early warning information provided for users.
In order to solve the technical problems, aiming at the characteristics of large traffic flow, complex noise and the like of an urban high-voltage power transmission channel, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a high-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system comprises an optical fiber vibration detector, an optical cable splice closure A, an optical cable splice closure B, a vibration detection cable, a communication optical cable A and a communication optical cable B, wherein the optical fiber vibration detector is connected with the optical cable splice closure A through the communication optical cable A, the optical cable splice closure A is connected with the optical cable splice closure B through the vibration detection cable and the communication optical cable B which are arranged side by side, an optical fiber MZ interferometer is arranged in the optical fiber vibration detector, the optical fiber MZ interferometer is provided with a laser and a signal acquisition and processing circuit, light emitted by the laser is transmitted to the signal acquisition and processing circuit through the vibration detection cable, the signal acquisition and processing circuit converts optical signals into electrical signals and generates interference output values, and the optical fiber MZ interferometer transmits the generated interference output values to a computer terminal through a network for generating waveform images; the optical fiber MZ interferometer is internally provided with a short message notification module, the short message notification module is provided with an early warning value of an interference output value, and the interference output value exceeding the early warning value is edited and sent to the mobile equipment according to a prefabricated short message template through comparison.
The principle of the fiber MZ interference technology used by the fiber vibration detector is as follows: from laserThe light beam output by the optical fiber coupler is divided into two coherent light beams with the same intensity by the 3dB beam splitter and respectively passes through the two optical fiber arms, and the two coherent light beams generate a fixed phase difference when reaching the second coupler because the two optical fibers cannot be completely consistent in physics
When light is subjected to external impact force or vibration in the transmission process, the two spatial positions are different, the impact is different, the generated refractive index is different, and the phase difference of the two beams of light is changed. The vibration detection cable and the communication optical cable B are communicated with optical cable splicing boxes at two places to realize the transmission of vibration signals. The signal acquisition processing circuit converts the collected optical signals into electric signals, generates interference output values through the computing circuit and transmits the interference output values to the computer terminal through the communication optical cable; and the computer terminal generates a waveform diagram by means of waveform generation software according to the interference output value received in real time. In addition, the short message notification module sets the interference output value, and eliminates unnecessary early warning short message notification. In a word, the high-voltage cable channel anti-damage early warning system is relatively low in manufacturing cost, and can monitor the vibration condition of the cable pipeline along the way. The optical fiber vibration detector uses an optical fiber MZ interference technology, transmits signals through a vibration detection cable and a communication optical cable B, processes the signals through a short message notification module, notifies patrolmen through short messages or sends alarm data to an operation and maintenance center by utilizing a network in a visual text or image form, and the information content comprises information such as specific vibration influence size and occurrence point position.
Furthermore, the optical fiber vibration detector also comprises a fiber breaking alarm relay, and the switch of the fiber breaking alarm relay is closed when the vibration detection cable is disconnected to generate an alarm signal.
Further, the interference output of the optical fiber vibration detector is calculated according to the formula
Wherein I is the interference output value, I1，I2Respectively the intensity of two beams of related light, as: (t) is the phase difference caused by external factors acting on the two fibers,
is the phase difference of two beams of light without external factors.
Further, when the external signal is a periodic vibration signal, the interference output calculation formula of the optical fiber vibration detector is as follows
Where ξ is the modulation intensity and ω is the ambient modulation frequency.
And the network camera is connected with the optical cable junction box B through an RJ45 network cable and is used for acquiring real-time video information around the optical cable junction box B and transmitting the real-time video information to a data center through a communication optical cable B.
Further, the vibration detection cable is suspended from the well cover.
Furthermore, a power supply module is arranged in the optical fiber vibration detector and supplies power for the optical fiber MZ interferometer, the short message notification module and the fiber breakage alarm relay.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention has the following beneficial effects: when the peripheral vibration condition of monitoring cable, through adopting optic fibre MZ interferometer and short message notice module, send the vibration attribute value to computer terminal, and generate the image, still can send the message for appointed mobile device when the vibration is suspicious to excavation, the destruction condition along the way of user's optical cable are reminded to visual mode, simultaneously, early warning system manufacturing cost is less than prior art's early warning system far away.
The following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:
fig. 1 is a system configuration diagram of a high voltage cable channel tamper-proof early warning system.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an MZ fiber optic interferometer.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a slamming comb.
Fig. 4 is a waveform diagram of the electric pick when it impacts the ground.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an optical fiber vibration detector; 11. a short message notification module; 11. a fiber MZ interferometer; 2. a communication optical cable A; 3. an optical cable splice closure A; 4. a communication optical cable B; 5. a vibration detection cable; 6. an optical cable splice closure B; 7. a network camera; 8. a cable duct.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are explained and illustrated below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that features from the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Such terms as "upper," "inner," "outer," and the like, indicating an orientation or positional relationship are based only on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices/elements must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation and, therefore, should not be taken as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The anti-damage early warning system for the high-voltage cable channel described in the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, includes: the system comprises an optical fiber vibration detector 1, a communication optical cable A2, an optical cable junction box A3, a communication optical cable B4, a vibration detection cable 5, an optical cable junction box B6 and a network camera 7. The fibre vibration sensor 1 is located in a cable well or equipment box and is connected to cable closure A3 via communications cable a2, cable closure A3 in turn being connected to remote cable closure B6 via vibration sensor cable 5 and communications cable B4. The vibration detection cable 5 and the communication optical cable B4 are deployed beside the power transmission cable or in spare pipe holes, vibration signals around the passage are monitored in real time, and once abnormality is found, the signals are transmitted rapidly.
An optical fiber MZ interferometer 12 and a short message notification module 11 are arranged in the optical fiber vibration detector 1, the optical fiber MZ interferometer 12 is provided with a laser and a signal acquisition processing circuit, light emitted by the laser is transmitted to the signal acquisition processing circuit through a vibration detection cable 5, the signal acquisition processing circuit converts optical signals into electrical signals and generates interference output values, the optical fiber MZ interferometer 12 directly transmits the generated interference output values to the short message notification module 11 for processing and transmits the interference output values to a computer terminal through a communication optical cable for generating waveform images and translating obscure machine languages into human recognizable pattern patterns, and external vibration signals are visually reflected on the pattern curves; the short message notification module 11 is provided with an early warning value of the interference output value, filters the interference output value transmitted by the fiber MZ interferometer 12 through the comparison circuit, and edits and sends the interference output value exceeding the early warning value to the mobile device according to a prefabricated short message template. The patrol personnel is informed through a short message or sends alarm data to the operation and maintenance center by utilizing a network, so that the patrol personnel can know the excavation condition around the cable in real time.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of an MZ fiber optic interferometer, a light beam output from a laser is divided into two coherent light beams with the same intensity by a 3dB beam splitter, and the two coherent light beams pass through two fiber arms, because the two fibers cannot be completely physically consistent, the two coherent light beams will generate a fixed phase difference when reaching a second coupler, and when the light is subjected to an external impact force or vibration during transmission, the two coherent light beams are subjected to different impacts due to different spatial positions, and the generated refractive index changes differently, resulting in a change in the phase difference between the two coherent light beams. Thus, the present embodiment provides a method of calculating interference output values of non-periodic vibration and periodic vibration in the fiber MZ interferometer 12.
In the application of the fiber MZ interference technology, the interference output of common knock or vibration is calculated according to the following formula,
wherein I is the interference output value, I1，I2Respectively the intensity of two identical beams of related light, deltas (t) is the phase difference caused by external factors acting on the two optical fibers,
is the phase difference of two beams of light without external factors. In the present embodiment, the vibration detection cable 5 is deployed in the calandria, the implementer uses a hammer to knock the calandria, the interference output value is generated by the above-mentioned non-periodic vibration interference output value calculation method, and the interference output value is processed by the oscilloscope module 11 and converted into a waveform diagram, as shown in fig. 3, the waveform diagram of the knocked calandria obtained in the cable calandria knocking experiment of the present embodiment is shown.
When the external signal is a periodic vibration signal, the present embodiment uses the electric pick to impact the ground to generate periodic vibration, and then the interference output of the optical fiber vibration detector 1 is calculated according to the following formula,
ξ is modulation intensity, ω is external modulation frequency, it can be seen that there is not a one-to-one single-value function relationship between the interference output signal and the impact signal ξ cos (ω t), but it is very complex, therefore when the system is applied to the actual perimeter warning, the frequency domain method or the method of the event database is mostly adopted in the art to determine whether there is intrusion, the interference output value is generated by the above-mentioned interference output value calculation method of periodic vibration, and the data processing is performed by the oscilloscope module 11 to convert into the vibration waveform diagram generated when the electric pick impacts the ground as shown in fig. 4.
Once the patrolman or the operation and maintenance center finds suspicious information, the patrolman or the operation and maintenance center can timely arrive at the site to confirm and stop the cable damage event which is happening. In order to more conveniently find out the specific position of the occurrence point of the cable damage event, an installer can divide the cable to be monitored into a plurality of sections, each section is distributed according to the requirement, the key section is connected with a network camera 7 on the optical cable junction box B through an RJ45 network cable so as to realize video linkage and carry out video evidence collection, and all data are transmitted to a data center through the communication optical cable B transmission, so that the same management and scheduling are facilitated.
In addition, the optical fiber vibration detector 1 further comprises a fiber breaking alarm relay, when the vibration detection cable is disconnected, a switch of the fiber breaking alarm relay is closed, an alarm signal is generated, and a holding contact on the fiber breaking alarm relay can be continuously kept closed until the fiber breaking connection is complete. The closing time of the alarm relay can be adjusted within the range of 500 ms-3000 ms according to engineering requirements. Therefore, the closing time of the alarm relay can be set to furthest remind the patrolman. When the cable damage event is not handled in time, and the vibration detection cable is cut off by other people, the fiber breaking alarm relay is closed, and the alarm information is sent to the operation and maintenance center through the optical fiber vibration detector 1 to generate alarm. The optical fiber vibration detector 1 is internally provided with a power supply module which supplies power for the optical fiber MZ interferometer 12, the short message notification module 11 and the fiber breakage alarm relay.
As an optional installation manner and configuration scheme of this embodiment, the cable closure a3 and the cable closure B6 are selectively buried, and may be replaced by indoor type; the vibration detection cable 5 is deployed beside the power transmission cable or in a spare pipe hole, and monitors vibration signals around a channel in real time; the optical fiber vibration detector 1 is powered by solar energy, and an induction power supply can also be used; the early warning system of the embodiment can provide response in 24 hours, and the spare equipment with the same type can be replaced during equipment maintenance; the vibration detection cable 5 is hung on a well cover, the system is in a defense arrangement state, once the well cover is opened, the optical cable hung on the system can vibrate, and therefore the optical cable is captured by the alarm system and is accurately positioned.
In a word, the anti-damage early warning system for the high-voltage cable channel in the embodiment sends the short message and the original waveform image data to the patrol personnel or the operation and maintenance center by adopting the optical fiber MZ interference technology and adding the short message notification module 11, so as to visually remind the user of the excavation and damage conditions along the optical cable, and meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the early warning system is far lower than that of the early warning system in the prior art, so that the fund pressure of the electric power department is reduced.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in many different forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a high tension cable passageway prevents destroying early warning system, includes optical fiber vibration detector, optical cable splice closure A, optical cable splice closure B, vibration detection cable, communication optical cable A and communication optical cable B, and optical fiber vibration detector passes through communication optical cable A and links to each other with optical cable splice closure A, and optical cable splice closure A links to each other its characterized in that through vibration detection cable and communication optical cable B that set up side by side with optical cable splice closure B:
an optical fiber MZ interferometer is arranged in the optical fiber vibration detector, the optical fiber MZ interferometer is provided with a laser and a signal acquisition and processing circuit, light emitted by the laser is transmitted to the signal acquisition and processing circuit through a vibration detection cable, the signal acquisition and processing circuit converts optical signals into electric signals and generates interference output values, and the optical fiber MZ interferometer transmits the generated interference output values to a computer terminal through a network for generating waveform images;
the optical fiber MZ interferometer is internally provided with a short message notification module, the short message notification module is provided with an early warning value of an interference output value, and the interference output value exceeding the early warning value is edited and sent to the mobile equipment according to a prefabricated short message template through comparison.
2. The anti-damage early warning system of a high-voltage cable channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical fiber vibration detector also comprises a fiber breaking alarm relay, and the switch of the fiber breaking alarm relay is closed when the vibration detection cable is disconnected to generate an alarm signal.
3. The anti-damage early warning system of a high-voltage cable channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interference output calculation formula of the optical fiber vibration detector is
Wherein I is the interference output value, I1，I2Respectively the intensity of two identical beams of related light, deltas (t) is the phase difference caused by external factors acting on the two optical fibers,
is the phase difference of two beams of light without external factors.
4. The anti-damage early warning system of claim 3, wherein: when the external signal is a periodic vibration signal, the interference output calculation formula of the optical fiber vibration detector is
Where ξ is the modulation intensity and ω is the ambient modulation frequency.
5. The anti-damage early warning system of a high-voltage cable channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the network camera is connected with the optical cable junction box B through an RJ45 network cable and used for acquiring real-time video information on the periphery of the optical cable junction box B and transmitting the real-time video information to the data center through the communication optical cable B.
6. The anti-damage early warning system for the high-voltage cable channel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the vibration detection cable is suspended from the well cover.
7. The anti-damage early warning system for the high-voltage cable channel according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: the optical fiber vibration detector is internally provided with a power supply module which supplies power for the optical fiber MZ interferometer, the short message notification module and the fiber breakage alarm relay.
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Application publication date: 20200807 |