CN111490352B - Circular polarization positioning antenna and wearable device - Google Patents
Circular polarization positioning antenna and wearable device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111490352B CN111490352B CN202010470791.XA CN202010470791A CN111490352B CN 111490352 B CN111490352 B CN 111490352B CN 202010470791 A CN202010470791 A CN 202010470791A CN 111490352 B CN111490352 B CN 111490352B
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- positioning antenna
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005433 ionosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The circular polarization positioning antenna comprises a feeding branch, a first radiating arm, a second radiating arm and a second radiating arm, wherein the feeding branch is provided with a feeding part, the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm form an angle, the first radiating arm is coupled with the first feeding arm, the first radiating arm is bent and arranged in a first clearance area extending along the arrangement direction of the first feeding arm, the first clearance area is positioned at one side of the first feeding arm, the second radiating arm is coupled with the second feeding arm, the second radiating arm is bent and arranged in a second clearance area extending along the arrangement direction of the second feeding arm, electric signals on the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm meet the requirement that the amplitude is equal, the phase difference is 90 degrees, circular polarization radiation is realized, so that multipath interference is reduced, the positioning accuracy of the positioning antenna of the wearable device is effectively improved, the whole antenna can be reduced, the size of the whole antenna can be reduced, and the circular polarization positioning antenna is easier to realize on a wearable product.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a circularly polarized positioning antenna and wearable equipment.
Background
In the field of smart watches or bracelets, positioning accuracy has always been the pain point of interest. The traditional smart watch or bracelet positioning antenna is mostly a linear polarization antenna, but the signals sent by the navigation satellite are right-hand circular polarization signals after passing through the ionosphere, so that the positioning antenna of the smart watch or bracelet cannot fully receive the signals of the navigation satellite, and the signals of the navigation satellite are changed into left-hand circular polarization signals after being reflected by the ground, high buildings, trees and other odd numbers, and the positioning effect of the whole machine is seriously affected by the multipath interference.
In addition, the traditional circularly polarized antenna, such as a quadrifilar helix, needs to be added with a plurality of contact points on the main board for feeding or grounding, and occupies more space for the main board.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a circularly polarized positioning antenna and wearable equipment, and aims to solve the problems that the positioning accuracy of the antenna of the existing wearable equipment is low and the occupied space of a main board is large.
A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a circularly polarized positioning antenna, including:
The power supply branch is provided with a power supply part, a first power supply arm and a second power supply arm, wherein one end of the power supply part is used for accessing a power supply signal, the first power supply arm is connected with the other end of the power supply part, the second power supply arm is connected with the other end of the power supply part, and an angle is formed between the first power supply arm and the second power supply arm;
One end of the first radiating arm is coupled with the first feed arm, the first radiating arm is bent and arranged in a first clearance area, and the first clearance area is positioned on one side of the first feed arm and extends along the arrangement direction of the first feed arm;
one end of the second radiating arm is coupled with the second feed arm, the second radiating arm is bent and arranged in a second clearance area, and the second clearance area is positioned on one side of the second feed arm and extends along the arrangement direction of the second feed arm;
When the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm resonate near an operating frequency point, the electric signals on the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm meet the condition that the amplitudes are equal, and the phases are different by 90 degrees.
According to the circularly polarized positioning antenna, the two radiation arms are fed by using the feeding branch to form two orthogonal mode resonances, so that on a working frequency point, the two modes have equal resonance amplitude and 90-degree phase difference, circularly polarized radiation is generated, when the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, the positioning antenna can better receive navigation satellite signals, and the generated right-hand circular polarized radiation can also filter left-hand circular polarized navigation satellite signals reflected by a high building or the ground, so that multipath interference is reduced, and the positioning accuracy of the positioning antenna of the wearable equipment is effectively improved. In addition, the monopole antenna has only one feeding point, so that the occupation of the space of the main board can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the circuit board is improved.
In one embodiment, the first radiating arm comprises:
A first coupling section spaced parallel to the first feed arm and diametrically opposed to at least a portion of the first feed arm for coupling;
The first bending radiation section, the first bending radiation section the head end with the first coupling section is kept away from the one end of feed portion is connected, the end of first bending radiation section with the distance of feed portion is greater than the head end of first bending radiation section with the distance of feed portion.
In one embodiment, the second radiating arm comprises:
A second coupling section spaced parallel to the second feed arm and diametrically opposed to at least a portion of the second feed arm for coupling;
The first bending radiation section is connected with one end of the first coupling section, which is far away from the feed part, and the distance between the tail end of the first bending radiation section and the feed part is larger than that between the head end of the first bending radiation section and the feed part.
In one embodiment, the other end of the first radiating arm is connected to or spaced from the other end of the second radiating arm.
In one embodiment, the trace lengths of the first radiating arm and the second radiating arm correspond to 1/4 of the working wavelength of the circularly polarized positioning antenna, and are not equal in length.
In one embodiment, the first and second feed arms are straight bars.
In one embodiment, the first and second feed arms are symmetrical to each other.
In one embodiment, the feeding portion, the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm are perpendicular to each other.
In one embodiment, the angle is in the range of 75 ° to 105 °.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a wearable device comprising a circularly polarized positioning antenna as described above.
The wearable device adopts all embodiments of the circularly polarized positioning antenna, so that the wearable device has at least all the beneficial effects of the embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circularly polarized positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of S parameters of a circularly polarized positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the change of the two-dimensional axial ratio of the circularly polarized positioning antenna according to the embodiment of the invention along with the frequency in phi=65°, theta=64°;
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the axial ratio of a two-dimensional axial ratio graph of a circularly polarized positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention along with the angle change curve of phi=40°, 65 ° and 90 ° tangential planes;
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional pattern of a circularly polarized positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a two-dimensional pattern of a circularly polarized positioning antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the description based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1, a circularly polarized positioning antenna (hereinafter referred to as positioning antenna) for a wearable device according to an embodiment of the application includes a dielectric substrate 100, such as a PCB board, where the dielectric substrate 100 may be a ground plate, and a feeding end 101 connected to a GPS (Global Positioning System ) module is disposed on the dielectric substrate 100, and the circularly polarized positioning antenna includes a feeding branch 11, a first radiating arm 1212 and a second radiating arm 13.
The feeding branch 11 has a feeding part 111 with one end for accessing a feeding signal output by the GPS module, a first feeding arm 112 connected to the other end of the feeding part 111, and a second feeding arm 113 connected to the other end of the feeding part 111, where an angle is formed between the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113. One end of the first radiating arm 12 is coupled to the first feeding arm 112, the first radiating arm 12 is bent and arranged in the first clearance area 10, the first clearance area 10 is located at one side of the first feeding arm 112 and extends along the arrangement direction (first direction) x of the first feeding arm 112, one end of the second radiating arm 13 is coupled to the second feeding arm 113, the second radiating arm 13 is bent and arranged in the second clearance area 20, the second clearance area 20 is located at one side of the second feeding arm 113 and extends along the arrangement direction (second direction) y of the second feeding arm 113, and when the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 resonate near an operating frequency point, such as the GPS L1 frequency band 1.575GHz or the L5 frequency band 1.760GHz, electric signals (electric fields or current signals) on the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 meet the requirement of equal amplitude and are out of phase by 90 degrees to form two quadrature mode resonances, and circular polarized radiation is generated. In addition, the feed end of the positioning antenna is only one, so that occupation of the space of the main board can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the circuit board is improved.
And more specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first radiation arm 12 needs to be located in a clockwise direction (i.e., right side) of the second radiation arm 13 when viewed from the front of the dielectric substrate 100 in a plan view, so as to ensure that when the first radiation arm 12 and the second radiation arm 13 resonate near the operating frequency point, the current amplitudes of the first radiation arm 12 and the second radiation arm 13 are equal, and the current phase of the second radiation arm 13 is earlier than the current phase 90 ° on the first radiation arm 12, so that right-handed circularly polarized radiation can be achieved.
The headroom of the antenna is a region where the antenna ground is not distributed, that is, the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 are disposed in a range outside the ground plate, so as to reduce the capacitance to ground, reduce the influence on the matching of the antenna, and improve the gain of the antenna. In the process of setting the positioning antenna, the lengths of the feed part 111, the first feed arm 112 and the second feed arm 113 can be adjusted, the coupling gap between the first feed arm 112 and the first radiation arm 12 can be adjusted, and the coupling gap between the second feed arm 113 and the second radiation arm 13 can be adjusted, so that the matching of the whole positioning antenna can be adjusted. Further, the two radiation arms 12, 13 are provided in the clearance area in a curved manner, so that the volume of the whole antenna can be reduced, which is advantageous for miniaturization of the antenna and miniaturization of the device in which the antenna is provided.
In addition, the other end of the first radiation arm 12 and the other end of the second radiation arm 13 may be connected, or may be open circuits provided at intervals, and the circular polarization effect may be achieved as well.
In some embodiments, the trace lengths of the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 correspond to 1/4 of the operating wavelength of the circularly polarized positioning antenna, and are not equal in length. Namely, the wiring lengths of the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 are basically equal to 1/4 wavelength of the working wavelength of the positioning antenna so as to ensure that the antenna resonates at a required frequency point, and the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 are arranged in different lengths so as to ensure that the two radiating arms radiate to realize degenerate mode separation. In other embodiments, the trace lengths of the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 are substantially equal to the operating wavelength of the positioning antenna.
As described above, when the antennas are arranged, the phase advance or the phase retard of the electric signals on the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 are controlled by controlling the length of the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13, so that right-hand circular polarization can be realized, better satellite signal reception can be realized, meanwhile, because the positioning antenna is a right-hand circular polarization antenna, left-hand circular polarization satellite signals reflected by a high building or the ground can be filtered, multipath interference is reduced, and meanwhile, the circular polarization receiving antenna is adopted, and the gain is about 3dB higher than that of the linear polarization antenna, so that better positioning effect is realized.
In one embodiment, the first and second feed arms 112, 113 are generally straight traces. In other embodiments, it will be appreciated that the first feeding arm 112 and/or the second feeding arm 113 may be curved in a certain arc in an actual arrangement, but not in a direction, subject to the space of the device. Further, the first feeding arm 112 and/or the second feeding arm 113 may further extend beyond the main body thereof to facilitate performance such as gain, axial ratio, etc. of the antenna, for example, to be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the dielectric substrate 100 and to be arranged parallel to the dielectric substrate 100.
Optionally, an angle a is formed between the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113, that is, between the first direction x and the second direction y, where the angle a ranges from 70 ° to 110 °, and by disposing the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 in the clearance area of the two directions x and y forming an included angle a, respectively, when the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 resonate near the operating frequency point, two resonance modes are formed, so that good circularly polarized radiation is generated, and relatively, the circularly polarized radiation with the included angle a ranging from 75 ° to 105 ° is better.
In one embodiment, the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113 are perpendicular to each other, i.e. the included angle a is 90 °, so that the arrangement direction of the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 is also 90 °, so that the two radiating arms realize equal-amplitude orthogonal resonance during feeding, and good circularly polarized radiation is realized. It will be appreciated that, due to the limitation of the device space, the feeding portion 111 may be perpendicular or not perpendicular to the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113, but may form an angle with the plane where the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113 are located, which does not affect the feeding of the two feeding arms, and in addition, the dielectric substrate 100 may be parallel to the plane, and the feeding portion 111 may be perpendicular or not perpendicular to the dielectric substrate 100. In addition, the first feeding arm 112 and the second feeding arm 113 may be symmetrical to each other or may have different lengths.
In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 12 includes a first coupling section 121 and a first bent radiating section 122, and the second radiating arm 13 includes a second coupling section 131 and a second bent radiating section 132.
The end of the first coupling section 121 near the feed part 111 is the end of the first radiating arm 12, the first coupling section 121 is spaced in parallel with the first feed arm 112 and is opposite to at least part of the first feed arm 112 for coupling, the end of the second coupling section 131 near the feed part 111 is the end of the second radiating arm 13, the second coupling section 131 is spaced in parallel with the second feed arm 113 and is opposite to at least part of the second feed arm 113 for coupling, and the matching of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the coupling gap between the coupling section and the feed arm and opposite to the opposite length.
The first bending radiation section 122 has its head end connected to one end of the first coupling section 121 far from the feeding portion 111, the end of the first bending radiation section 122 is the other end of the first radiation arm 12, the distance between the first bending radiation section 122 and the feeding portion 111 is greater than that between the head end of the first bending radiation section 122 and the feeding portion 111, the second bending radiation section 132 has its start point connected to one end of the second coupling section 131 far from the feeding portion 111, and the end of the second bending radiation section 132 is the other end of the second radiation arm 13, the distance between the second bending radiation section 132 and the feeding portion 111 is greater than that between the head end of the second bending radiation section 132 and the feeding portion 111. It will be appreciated that in order for the electrical signals on the first radiating arm 12 and the second radiating arm 13 to be of equal amplitude, 90 ° out of phase to form two orthogonal mode resonances, the first folded radiating section 122 and the second folded radiating section 132 are substantially symmetrical, only at about 1/4 of the operating wavelength of the trace length respectively, but with a certain length difference.
In general, the first and second bending radiating segments 122, 132 are bending traces that connect one or more planes in a curved manner. In the present embodiment, the first bending radiation section 122 encloses a rectangular space 10a on the first clearance area 10 along the first direction x, and the second bending radiation section 132 encloses a rectangular space 20a on the second clearance area 20 along the second direction y. In other embodiments, the first bending radiation section 122 and the second bending radiation section 132 enclose the space 10a, and the space 20a may be cylindrical, elliptical, or polyhedral. Or in some embodiments, the first and second bending radiating segments 122, 132 are bent in a serpentine bend trace along one plane.
In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 12 and/or the second radiating arm 13 are loaded with an inductance device (not shown), wherein the inductance device is a lumped inductance or a distributed inductance. The inductive device is a lumped or distributed inductance. The inductance device is mainly used for increasing the equivalent length of the first antenna so as to reduce the size of the positioning antenna and effectively realize miniaturization of the antenna, and alternatively, the inductance device can be a lumped inductance, namely an inductor, and can also be a serpentine bent wire.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the circularly polarized positioning antenna resonates at 1.575GHz, and the impedance bandwidth (S11 < -6 dB) can completely cover the entire GPS-L1 frequency band (1575±2 MHz), which indicates that the positioning antenna receives navigation satellite signals well.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the positioning antenna can achieve the best circular polarization performance (i.e., the minimum axial ratio) at a specific angle in space (theta=64°, phi=65°), and the axial ratio is <1dB in the GPS L1 frequency band, which indicates that the axial ratio characteristic of the positioning antenna is very good, and the performance requirement of the positioning antenna is met.
As can be seen from fig. 4, when the positioning antenna works at the frequency band of 1.575GHz of the GPS-L1 and the tangential plane is phi=40 °, 65 °, 90 °, the axial ratio of the positioning antenna is smaller than 10dB within the range of θ=5° to 75 °, which indicates that the axial ratio characteristic of the positioning antenna is better, and the performance requirement of the positioning antenna is met.
As can be seen from fig. 5 and fig. 6, when the positioning antenna works at the frequency band 1.575GHz of GPS-L1, the maximum right-hand circular polarization directivity coefficient of the positioning antenna is 1.59dB at a certain position (phi=90°, theta=30°), and under the condition of the same directivity coefficient, the satellite signal received by the circular polarization antenna is 3dB higher than the satellite signal received by the linear polarization antenna, and meanwhile, the positioning antenna has a suppression function on interference signals, so that the positioning effect of the positioning antenna is better than that of the traditional linear polarization antenna.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a wearable device comprising a circularly polarized positioning antenna as above.
The wearable device adopts all embodiments of the circularly polarized positioning antenna, so that the wearable device has at least all the beneficial effects of the embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted. The positioning antenna of the wearable device can better receive the navigation satellite signals, and the generated right-hand circularly polarized radiation can also filter the left-hand circularly polarized navigation satellite signals reflected by a high building or the ground so as to reduce multipath interference, thereby effectively improving the positioning accuracy of the positioning antenna of the wearable device. In wearable equipment, the space of mainboard is comparatively limited, and traditional circular polarization antenna like four arm spiral etc. need increase a plurality of contact points and be used for feeding or ground connection on the mainboard, occupy more to the mainboard space, realize positioning antenna through monopole form, can reduce the occupation of antenna to the mainboard space.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present application, and not restrictive, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutions of some technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
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CN202010470791.XA CN111490352B (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Circular polarization positioning antenna and wearable device |
PCT/CN2020/142271 WO2021238216A1 (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-12-31 | Circularly polarized positioning antenna, and wearable apparatus |
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WO2021238216A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized positioning antenna, and wearable apparatus |
CN112510353B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市海之景科技有限公司 | 5G antenna for communication terminal |
CN118281537A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-07-02 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna assembly and electronic equipment |
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CN205355243U (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 江苏本能科技有限公司 | Radio frequency identification antenna element and antenna |
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CN109346822B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳市中天迅通信技术股份有限公司 | Dual-radiation-arm WIFI antenna |
CN109888477B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2023-12-19 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Dual-frequency dual-polarized MIMO antenna system applied to 5G communication and mobile terminal |
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CN108493572A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of orientation circular polarized antenna based on bending T shape rotational structures |
CN211743403U (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-23 | 广东小天才科技有限公司 | A circularly polarized positioning antenna and wearable device |
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