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CN111443416B - Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111443416B
CN111443416B CN202010291212.5A CN202010291212A CN111443416B CN 111443416 B CN111443416 B CN 111443416B CN 202010291212 A CN202010291212 A CN 202010291212A CN 111443416 B CN111443416 B CN 111443416B
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polarizing plate
polyester film
film
polarizer
direction parallel
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CN111443416A (en
Inventor
中瀬胜贵
藤田敦史
村田浩一
佐佐木靖
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/10—Optical coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements
    • G02B1/14—Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Providing: a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the warping of a liquid crystal panel. A polarizing plate comprising a polarizer and a polyester film for polarizer protection laminated on one surface of the polarizer, wherein the polyester film satisfies the following characteristics (1) and (2). (1) The shrinkage force F of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizerf800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less, and (2) a shrinking force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizing platefA shrinking force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing platevRatio of (F)f/Fv) Is 2.5 to 12.0 inclusive.

Description

Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device
The present application is a divisional application of applications entitled "polarizer protective film, polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display device" having application dates 09/12 in 2018 and application number 201880057327.9.
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device.
Background
Liquid crystal display devices are in increasing demand for applications such as liquid crystal televisions and liquid crystal displays for personal computers. In general, a liquid crystal display device is composed of a liquid crystal cell including a transparent electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter, and the like sandwiched between glass plates, and 2 polarizing plates provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, and each of the polarizing plates is composed of 2 optical films (for example, a polarizer protective film and a retardation film) with a polarizer (also referred to as a polarizing film) sandwiched therebetween.
Therefore, in recent years, as the screen of a liquid crystal television is made thinner and larger, a backlight using an LED is started as a light source, and as the thickness of a glass substrate used for a liquid crystal panel is thinner than 0.7mm, a problem of occurrence of display unevenness is caused, and improvement thereof is demanded.
It is considered that the mechanism of occurrence of display unevenness is caused mainly by shrinkage of the polarizing plate, and when the polarizing plate is left under high temperature and high humidity, a shrinkage force acts in the alignment direction in order to relax alignment, and as a result, the liquid crystal panel warps, and expands on the backlight unit side, resulting in display unevenness.
In the past, as in patent documents 1 and 2 described below, since the thickness of a glass substrate used for a liquid crystal panel was as large as 0.7mm or more, shrinkage of a polarizing plate could be suppressed by the high rigidity of glass, and thus the liquid crystal panel was not warped, and neither display was problematic.
Therefore, attempts have been made to improve warpage of the liquid crystal panel, which occurs when the glass substrate is made thinner than 0.7mm, by using an optical film.
For example, when a cycloolefin resin is used as a polarizer protective film, the improvement of the warpage of a liquid crystal panel is insufficient, and the drying property of a glue used for bonding to a polarizer is poor, so that there is a problem that the productivity is lowered.
In addition, when conventional triacetyl cellulose (TAC) is used as a polarizer protective film, there is a problem that a liquid crystal panel is warped.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. 2008-107499
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2009-198666
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems and circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide: a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the warping of a liquid crystal panel.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have studied the causes of the above problems and the like, and have found that: the present inventors have found that the warping of a liquid crystal panel can be improved by setting the shrinkage force of a polyester film for polarizer protection in a specific range in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of a polarizer, and have completed the present invention based on this finding.
In detail, the liquid crystal display device is generally laminated as follows: a polarizing plate is laminated on one surface of the liquid crystal cell so that the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device, and a polarizing plate is laminated on the other surface so that the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate is parallel to the long side direction of the liquid crystal display device. As a result of intensive studies using various commercially available liquid crystal display devices, the present inventors have found that: a problem that a polarizing plate having a large shrinkage force and having a long absorption axis direction is easily shrunk to generate a shape factor of curl (curl is easily generated in a long side direction in general); the liquid crystal panel is essentially problematic in that the polarizer sides, in which the polarizer transmission axes of the upper and lower polarizers disposed in the cross prism are long sides, are convex due to the influence of the asymmetric structure of the upper and lower polarizers in the liquid crystal panel.
Further, as a result of intensive studies, it was found that the shrinkage force in the longitudinal direction of the polarizing plate in which the transmission axis of the polarizer is long can be controlled by the residual strain of the protective film, and it is known that the curl of the liquid crystal panel can be controlled by the shrinkage force.
Here, a method for measuring the shrinkage force of a polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate is described. In general, the shrinkage force of a film is a force in the shrinkage direction at an elevated temperature, which is measured by setting an initial length at a very small load in a low temperature state at the start of a test using TMA or the like and keeping the length of the initial length constant. However, since thermal expansion (hereinafter, abbreviated as thermal expansion) occurs in which the free volume/occupied volume of the polymer increases by temperature increase simultaneously with shrinkage (hereinafter, abbreviated as thermal shrinkage) due to recovery of the residual strain accompanying the conformational change of the polymer during temperature increase, thermal shrinkage < thermal expansion is often caused in a temperature range near the glass transition temperature of the polyester film (for example, about Tg +50 ℃), and therefore, the entire film expands and no shrinkage force is observed.
As a result of the investigation, it was found that when no shrinkage force was generated during the temperature increase of TMA, a shrinkage force was also generated during the cooling of TMA. This is because the strain due to thermal expansion is reversible, and therefore, returns to the original state after temperature rise and cooling, but the amount of thermal contraction that has contracted only in the temperature rise process is cooled in a state of a small size, and therefore, thermal stress is generated in the cooling process. That is, the strain of the thermal stress can be replaced by the thermal shrinkage rate of the film, and the shrinkage force after cooling can be expressed by the following formula. The heat shrinkage rate in the present invention includes a change in moisture percentage during heat treatment.
Shrinkage force (N/m) is the thickness (mm) of the film x elastic modulus (N/mm)2) X thermal shrinkage (%)/< 100X 1000
Namely, the representative invention is as follows.
Item 1.
A polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate, which is laminated on one surface of a polarizing plate and satisfies the following characteristics (1) and (2).
(1) The shrinkage force F of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizerfIs 800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less (wherein the shrinkage force F isf(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus is an elastic modulus of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate, and the thermal shrinkage rate is a thermal shrinkage rate of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate. )
(2) In a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizerThe shrinkage force F of the polyester filmfA shrinking force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing platevRatio of (F)f/Fv) Is 2.5 to 12.0 inclusive (wherein, the contraction force Fv(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus is an elastic modulus of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, and the heat shrinkage rate is a heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. )
Item 2.
The polyester film for polarizer protection according to item 1, which further satisfies the following feature (3).
(3) The direction in which the heat shrinkage of the polyester film is maximized is substantially parallel to the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate.
Item 3.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate according to item 1 or 2, wherein the polyester film has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm.
Item 4.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1to 3, wherein the thickness of the polyester film is 40 to 200 μm.
Item 5.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate according to any one of items 1to 4, wherein a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, an antiglare layer or an antireflection antiglare layer is provided on a surface of the polyester film on the opposite side to the surface on which the polarizing plate is laminated.
Item 6.
A polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate, which is laminated on one surface of a polarizing plate and satisfies the following characteristics (1) and (2).
(1) TD shrink force F of the polyester filmTDIs 800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less (wherein the shrinkage force F isTD(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X is heat treated at 80 ℃ for 30 minutesThermal shrinkage (%) ÷ 100 × 1000. Here, the elastic modulus is the elastic modulus of the TD of the polyester film, and the thermal shrinkage is the thermal shrinkage of the TD of the polyester film. )
(2) TD shrink force F of the polyester filmTDThe MD shrink force F of the polyester filmMDRatio of (F)TD/FMD) Is 2.5 to 12.0 inclusive (wherein, the contraction force FMD(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus is an elastic modulus in the MD of the polyester film, and the heat shrinkage rate is a heat shrinkage rate in the MD of the polyester film. )
Item 7.
The polyester film for polarizer protection according to item 6, which further satisfies the following characteristic (3).
(3) The direction in which the heat shrinkage of the polyester film is maximized is substantially parallel to TD.
Item 8.
A polarizing plate comprising a polarizing plate and the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate according to any one of items 1to 7 laminated on at least one surface of the polarizing plate.
Item 9.
A polarizing plate comprising a polarizing plate and the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1to 7 laminated on one surface of the polarizing plate, wherein the polarizing plate has no film on the other surface of the polarizing plate.
Item 10.
The polarizing plate according to item 8 or 9, wherein the polarizing plate has a rectangular shape, and the long side of the polarizing plate is parallel to the transmission axis thereof.
Item 11.
A liquid crystal display device has: a backlight light source; and a liquid crystal cell disposed between 2 polarizing plates, at least one of the 2 polarizing plates being the polarizing plate of any one of items 8 to 10.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present invention, there can be provided: a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the warping of a liquid crystal panel.
Detailed Description
The polyester film for protecting a polarizer of the present invention is a polarizer-protecting film formed of a polyester film and laminated on at least one surface of a polarizer (for example, a film formed of polyvinyl alcohol and a pigment) to form a polarizer.
In the present specification, the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate means the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate means the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate means the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is the shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate means the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate laminated on one surface of the polyester film.
The direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer is sometimes simply referred to as the transmission axis direction of the polarizer. The direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is sometimes simply referred to as the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate.
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, it is preferable that the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film is maximized are in a substantially parallel relationship. The term "substantially parallel" means that the absolute value of the angle between the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate and the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film is maximized (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as the slope of the heat shrinkage ratio) is allowed to be 15 degrees or less. The gradient of the heat shrinkage rate is preferably 12 degrees or less, more preferably 10 degrees or less, further preferably 8 degrees or less, further preferably 6 degrees or less, particularly preferably 4 degrees or less, and most preferably 2 degrees or less. The lower limit is 0 degree because the smaller the gradient of the heat shrinkage is, the more preferable it is. If the slope of the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film is large, the polarizing plate including the polyester film tends to warp in the oblique direction, and the effect of reducing the warp of the liquid crystal panel tends to be small.
Wherein the shrinkage force F of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizerfContraction force F of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing platevRatio of (F)f/Fv) When the angle is 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less, the absolute value of the angle between the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film is maximized is 40 degrees or less, and the warpage of the liquid crystal panel can be reduced. The angle is preferably 35 degrees or less.
The heat shrinkage of the polyester film, the slope of the heat shrinkage of the polyester film, and the direction in which the heat shrinkage of the polyester film is the largest can be measured by the methods employed in the examples described below.
In general, in a liquid crystal display device, 2 polarizing plates are arranged so as to have a cross-prism relationship. If 2 polarizers are arranged in a crossed prism relationship, light normally does not pass through the 2 polarizers. However, due to shrinkage or warpage of the polarizing plate, a complete cross-prism relationship is broken as a result, and there is a concern that light leakage occurs. From the viewpoint of suppressing light leakage, the smaller the angle between the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio of the polarizing plate protective film is maximized and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate is, the more preferable the angle is.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably such that the shrinkage force F of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing platefHas a value of800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less. FfIf the lower limit of (2) is less than 800N/m, the warpage of the liquid crystal panel may not be sufficiently reduced. In addition, FfIf the upper limit value of (2) exceeds 9000N/m, the contraction force becomes too strong, and the liquid crystal panel may warp in the opposite direction. The range of the contractile force is preferably 900N/m or more and 8000N/m or less, more preferably 1000N/m or more and 8000N/m or less, further preferably 1100N/m or more and 8000N/m or less, and further preferably 1200N/m or more and 8000N/m or less. The upper limit is preferably 6000N/m or less, 5500N/m or less, and 4800N/m or less.
Here, the contraction force FfThe shrinkage force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate is defined as the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) The x is defined as the heat shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment divided by 100X 1000.
Here, the elastic modulus refers to the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate. The heat shrinkage ratio is a heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate (heat shrinkage ratio in a heat treatment of 80 ℃. multidot.30 min).
The contraction force of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate is Fv. Force of contraction FvThe thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) The x is defined as the heat shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment divided by 100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus is an elastic modulus of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. The heat shrinkage rate is a heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film (heat shrinkage rate in a heat treatment of 80 ℃ C. 30 minutes) in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate.
For the polyester film for polarizer protection of the present invention, Ff/FvPreferably 1.0 to 12.0. More preferably 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less. Ff/FvIf the lower limit of (b) is less than 1.0, the warpage of the liquid crystal panel may not be sufficiently reduced. In addition, Ff/FvWhen the upper limit value of (3) exceeds 12.0, the thermal deformation in one direction becomes large, and the polarizing plate is laminated withThe protective film and the retardation film laminated on the surface opposite to the surface of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate may be stressed to deteriorate the display quality. In addition, film formation stability is lowered, and breakage may occur.
Examples of the method for controlling the shrinkage force within the range of the above formula include: and a method of controlling the winding tension of the film and then re-stretching the film after the completion of the heat treatment step after the stretching of the film.
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate is preferably 1000 to 9000N/mm2. The shrinkage force of the polyester film can be controlled by the elastic modulus, but in order to increase the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate, it is necessary to highly orient the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate and to increase the crystallinity. Therefore, the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate exceeds 9000N/mm2In the case of (2), since there is a fear that the sheet may be easily broken, the upper limit is preferably 9000N/mm2More preferably 8000N/mm2More preferably 7000N/mm2. On the other hand, when the orientation is low and the crystallinity is low, roll unevenness resulting from thickness unevenness when wound into a roll may deform the film, resulting in poor planarity. Thus, the lower limit of the elastic modulus is preferably 1000N/mm2More preferably 1500N/mm2Further preferably 1800N/mm2. The elastic modulus can be measured by the method used in the examples described later.
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the light transmission axis direction at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes in heat treatment is preferably 0.10 to 5.0%. The lower limit of the heat shrinkage is preferably 0.10% or more, more preferably 0.15% or more, and most preferably 0.20% or more. The upper limit of the heat shrinkage rate is preferably 4.5% or less, more preferably 4.0% or less, further preferably 3.0% or less, further more preferably 2% or less, and most preferably 1.4% or less. When the heat shrinkage ratio is less than 0.10%, that is, in the range of 0.01 to 0.099%, it may be difficult to control the heat shrinkage ratio without variation. In addition, in order to increase the heat shrinkage rate to more than 5.0%, it is necessary to further reduce the crystallinity and the glass transition temperature, and thus there is a concern that defects such as poor planarity may occur. The heat shrinkage can be measured by the method used in the examples described below.
The thickness of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably 40 to 200. mu.m, more preferably 40 to 100. mu.m, and still more preferably 40 to 80 μm. When the thickness of the polyester film is less than 40 μm, the polyester film tends to be easily broken and poor flatness tends to be easily caused due to insufficient rigidity. In addition, when the polarizing plate is thin, the elastic modulus or the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film in the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate needs to be increased, but as described above, each parameter has an upper limit, and therefore, the lower limit is substantially 40 μm. When the thickness of the film exceeds 200 μm, the fluctuation in the elastic modulus or the heat shrinkage of the polyester film in the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate becomes large, and there is a fear that the control becomes difficult and the cost is increased. The thickness of the polyester film can be measured by the method used in examples described later.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably in a specific range in the in-plane retardation amount from the viewpoint of suppressing rainbow unevenness observed on the screen of a liquid crystal display device. The lower limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 3000nm or more, 5000nm or more, 6000nm or more, 7000nm or more, or 8000nm or more. The upper limit of the in-plane retardation is preferably 30000nm or less, more preferably 18000nm or less, and still more preferably 15000nm or less. Particularly, from the viewpoint of making the film thinner, the in-plane retardation is preferably less than 10000nm and 9000nm or less.
The retardation of the polyester film can be determined by measuring the refractive index and thickness in the biaxial direction, or can be determined by using a commercially available automatic birefringence measurement device such as KOBRA-21ADH (prince measurement machine). The refractive index can be determined by an abbe refractometer (measurement wavelength 589 nm).
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, the ratio (Re/Rth) of the in-plane retardation (Re) to the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction is preferably 0.2 or more, preferably 0.3 or more, preferably 0.4 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, and further preferably 0.6 or more. As the ratio (Re/Rth) of the in-plane retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction is larger, the birefringence action becomes more isotropic, and the occurrence of rainbow-like color spots due to the observation angle tends to be less likely to occur. In a completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re/Rth) is 2.0, and therefore the upper limit of the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re/Rth) is preferably 2.0. The preferable upper limit of Re/Rth is 1.2 or less. The thickness direction retardation is an average of the 2 birefringence values Δ Nxz and Δ Nyz, respectively, multiplied by the film thickness d when the film is observed from a cross section in the thickness direction.
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, the NZ coefficient of the polyester film is preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, further preferably 1.8 or less, and further preferably 1.6 or less, from the viewpoint of further suppressing the rainbow-like color unevenness. Further, in a completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the NZ coefficient is 1.0, and therefore the lower limit of the NZ coefficient is 1.0. However, as the film is closer to a completely uniaxial (uniaxially symmetric) film, the mechanical strength in the direction perpendicular to the orientation direction tends to be significantly reduced, and thus attention is required.
The NZ coefficient is represented by | Ny-Nz |/| Ny-Nx |, where Ny denotes the refractive index of the polyester film in the slow axis direction, Nx denotes the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis (refractive index in the fast axis direction), and Nz denotes the refractive index in the thickness direction. An orientation axis of the film was determined by a molecular orientation meter (Oji Keishokukiki Co., Ltd., manufactured by Ltd., MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter), and refractive indices (Ny, Nx, where Ny > Nx) in both the orientation axis direction and the direction orthogonal thereto and a refractive index (Nz) in the thickness direction were determined by an Abbe refractometer (ATAGOCO., manufactured by LTD., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). The value thus obtained is substituted into | Ny-Nz |/| Ny-Nx |, and the Nz coefficient can be obtained.
In the polyester film of the present invention, the value of Ny-Nx of the polyester film is preferably 0.05 or more, more preferably 0.07 or more, further preferably 0.08 or more, further preferably 0.09 or more, and most preferably 0.1 or more, from the viewpoint of further suppressing the rainbow unevenness. The upper limit is not particularly limited, and in the case of a polyethylene terephthalate film, the upper limit is preferably about 1.5.
The polyester film of the present invention can be obtained from any polyester resin. The type of the polyester resin is not particularly limited, and any polyester resin obtained by condensing a dicarboxylic acid and a diol can be used.
Examples of the dicarboxylic acid component that can be used for producing the polyester resin include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2, 5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1, 4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1, 5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, dibenzoic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfonecarboxylic acid, anthracenedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1, 4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, hexahydroisophthalic acid, malonic acid, dimethylmalonic acid, succinic acid, 3-diethylsuccinic acid, glutaric acid, 2-dimethylglutaric acid, adipic acid, 2-methyladipic acid, trimethyladipic acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, dimer acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, dodecanedicarboxylic acid, and the like.
Examples of the diol component that can be used for producing the polyester resin include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 2-cyclohexanedimethanol, 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, decanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, and bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone.
The dicarboxylic acid component and the diol component constituting the polyester resin may be used in 1 kind or 2 kinds or more. Examples of suitable polyester resins constituting the polyester film include polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate and the like, and more preferably polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, but they may further contain other copolymerizable components. These resins are excellent in transparency and also excellent in thermal properties and mechanical properties. In particular, polyethylene terephthalate is a suitable material because it can achieve a high elastic modulus and can be easily controlled in thermal shrinkage.
When it is necessary to highly increase the heat shrinkage of the polyester film, it is desirable to add a copolymerization component to moderately decrease the crystallinity. In addition, since the ratio of elastic strain to permanent strain is high for deformation at or below the glass transition temperature, it is generally difficult to highly increase the heat shrinkage rate. Therefore, it is also a preferable embodiment to introduce a component having a low glass transition temperature as needed. Specifically, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol and the like.
(imparting of functional layer)
The polarizing plate using the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably integrated with a glass plate of a liquid crystal cell in a state where the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film remains, and therefore, when functional layers such as an easy-adhesion layer, a hard coat layer, an antiglare layer, an antireflection layer, a low-reflection prevention layer, an antireflection layer, a low-reflection antiglare layer, and an antistatic layer are provided, a method of setting a drying temperature to a low level or reducing a heat history by UV irradiation, electron beam irradiation, and the like is preferably performed. In addition, when these functional layers are provided in the film-forming step of the polyester film, the polarizing plate of the present invention can be integrated with the glass plate of the liquid crystal cell without impairing the improved heat shrinkage rate, and therefore, it is a more preferable embodiment.
The functional layers such as the easy-adhesion layer, the hard coat layer, the antiglare layer, the antireflection layer, the low-reflection antiglare layer, the antireflection antiglare layer, the low-reflection antiglare layer, and the antistatic layer are preferably laminated on the surface of the polyester film opposite to the surface on which the polarizing plate is laminated, and the shrinkage force F is preferably set in a state where these functional layers are laminatedf、FvWith the aforementioned conditions.
(method for producing oriented polyester film)
The polyester film used in the present invention can be produced by a general method for producing a polyester film. For example, the following methods may be mentioned: the polyester resin is melted, extruded into a sheet shape, and molded into a non-oriented polyester, and the non-oriented polyester is stretched in the longitudinal direction by a speed difference of rolls at a temperature of not lower than the glass transition temperature, and then stretched in the transverse direction by a tenter, and heat treatment (heat setting) is performed. The film may be a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film. Preferably, the uniaxially stretched film strongly stretched mainly in the transverse direction or the uniaxially stretched film strongly stretched mainly in the longitudinal direction may be slightly stretched in a direction perpendicular to the main stretching direction. MD is an abbreviation for machine direction, and may be referred to as a film flow direction, a longitudinal direction, or a longitudinal direction in the present specification. TD is an abbreviation for TransverseDirection, and may be referred to as a width direction or a transverse direction in the present specification.
For polyester films, the shrink force F is preferably usedfThe film thickness, elastic modulus and heat shrinkage rate are adjusted so as to be 800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less.
(method of adjusting modulus of elasticity of polyester film)
In the case where the elastic modulus of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film is adjusted in such a manner that the transmission axis direction of the polarizer coincides with MD at the time of forming the polyester film, the elastic modulus of MD can be adjusted by a conventionally known method of stretching the polyester film, and the elastic modulus of TD can be adjusted in such a manner that the transmission axis direction of the polarizer coincides with TD at the time of forming the polyester film.
Specifically, when the direction is a stretching direction, the stretching magnification can be increased, and when the direction is a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction, the stretching magnification can be set to be low.
(method of adjusting Heat shrinkage of polyester film)
In the case where the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film used as the polarizer protective film is adjusted by a conventionally known method of stretching the polyester film, the heat shrinkage ratio of MD in the case where the light transmission axis direction of the polarizer coincides with MD in the case where the polyester film is formed, and the heat shrinkage ratio of TD in the case where the light transmission axis direction of the polarizer coincides with TD in the case where the polyester film is formed, the heat shrinkage ratio of TD in the case where the polyester film is stretched by a conventionally known method.
When the heat shrinkage ratio in the MD of the polyester film is adjusted, for example, the adjustment can be performed as follows: a method of expanding the interval between the jig for fixing the film widthwise end portion and the adjacent jig during cooling after stretching/heat fixing to thereby perform stretching in the MD; the adjustment can be made by narrowing the jig interval to perform shrinkage in the MD. In addition, in the case where the film is cut or separated from the jig for fixing the end portion in the film width direction in the cooling process after stretching/heat fixing, the adjustment can be made by adjusting the force for pulling the film to stretch or shrink the film in the MD. In the off-line step after film formation, when the temperature is raised for the purpose of providing a functional layer or the like, the heat shrinkage rate changes during the temperature-raising and cooling process, and therefore, the stretching or shrinking in the MD can be adjusted by adjusting the force for pulling the film.
When the TD heat shrinkage of the polyester film is adjusted, for example, the TD heat shrinkage can be adjusted as follows: a method of stretching along the TD by enlarging the interval between a jig for fixing the end in the film width direction and a jig positioned on the opposite side in the width direction in the cooling process after stretching/heat fixing; the adjustment can be made by narrowing the interval to contract along the TD.
For the contraction force FvPreferably in the ratio of the contraction forces (F)f/Fv) The elastic modulus and the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film are adjusted so as to be 1.0 to 12.0 inclusive, more preferably 2.5 to 12.0 inclusive.
(method of adjusting the slope of the principal axis of shrinkage of polyester film)
The slope of the principal axis of shrinkage of a polyester film used as a polarizer protective film can be adjusted during the cooling process after stretching and heat treatment of the polyester film by a tenter or in the off-line process after film formation, as disclosed in PCT/JP2014/073451(WO 2015/037527). Specifically, in the cooling step, shrinkage due to stretching and thermal stress due to cooling, which are not completely removed in the heat-fixing step, occur, and depending on the balance between the two in the film flow direction, the film is drawn into the upstream side or the downstream side, and the main axis of shrinkage is inclined. In order to reduce the gradient of the principal axis of shrinkage, it is necessary to adjust the shrinkage force (the sum of the shrinkage force associated with stretching and the shrinkage force associated with cooling) in the film flow direction so as to be uniform in the cooling step. In order to make this uniform, it is desirable to perform the shrinkage in the film flow direction in a temperature region where the shrinkage force is high in the film flow direction, or to perform the stretching in the film flow direction in a temperature region where the shrinkage force is low in the film flow direction. The method for shrinking or stretching may be a conventionally known method. In addition, when the film end portion is cut or separated, the film is freely shrunk in the width direction in a temperature range after cutting and separation or less, and a thermal shrinkage rate in the temperature range or less is small, and therefore, attention is required.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is laminated on at least one surface of a polarizing plate. A film having no birefringence, such as a TAC film, an acrylic film, or a norbornene film, is preferably laminated on the other surface of the polarizing plate. Alternatively, a polarizing plate in which no film is laminated on the other surface of the polarizer is also preferable from the viewpoint of thinness. In the above case, the coating layer may be laminated on the polarizer, without laminating a film on the other surface of the polarizer. The coating layer may be a functional layer such as a hard coat layer, or may be a retardation film formed by coating.
When a film or a coating layer other than the polyester film for polarizer protection of the present invention is laminated on a polarizer, the film or coating layer other than the polyester film for polarizer protection in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and the shrinkage force of the film or coating layer other than the polyester film for polarizer protection in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer are preferably both F of the polyester film for polarizer protectionfLess than (2), more preferably F of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing platevThe value of (a) is as follows. Further, the film other than the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate and the coating layer are excellent in the shrinkage force of the coating layer and the film other than the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate and the shrinkage force of the coating layer in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the polarizing platePreferably 250N/m or less, more preferably 200N/m or less. The shrinkage force of films and coating layers other than the polyester film for polarizer protection can be measured in the same manner as in the case of the polyester film. That is, the thickness (mm). times.the elastic modulus (N/mm) of the film or coating layer2) X Heat shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000.
In the polarizing plate, a long strip of a polarizing plate and a long strip of a polyester film for protecting the polarizing plate are industrially laminated via an adhesive in a roll-to-roll manner. Further, the polarizing plate is generally manufactured by being stretched in the longitudinal direction, and thus has an absorption axis in the MD and a transmission axis in the TD.
Therefore, the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably the following (1) and (2) from the viewpoint of industrially producing a polarizing plate.
(1) TD shrink force F of polyester filmTDIs 800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less.
Wherein the contraction force FTD(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus and the thermal shrinkage rate are the elastic modulus of TD and the thermal shrinkage rate of TD of the polyester film, respectively.
(2) TD shrink force F of polyester filmTDMD shrink force with polyester film FMDRatio of (F)TD/FMD) Preferably 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less.
Wherein the contraction force FMD(N/m) is the thickness (mm) times the elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000. Here, the elastic modulus and the heat shrinkage rate are respectively the elastic modulus in MD and the heat shrinkage rate in MD of the polyester film.
In the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention, the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film is maximized is preferably substantially parallel to TD.
The term "substantially parallel" means that the absolute value of the angle between the direction in which the heat shrinkage of the polyester film is maximized and the TD direction (the slope of the heat shrinkage) is allowed to be 15 degrees or less. The gradient of the heat shrinkage rate is preferably 12 degrees or less, more preferably 10 degrees or less, further preferably 8 degrees or less, further preferably 6 degrees or less, particularly preferably 4 degrees or less, and most preferably 2 degrees or less. The lower limit is 0 degree because the smaller the gradient of the heat shrinkage is, the more preferable it is.
Wherein the TD shrinkage force F of the polyester filmTDMD shrink force with polyester film FMDRatio of (F)TD/FMD) When the heat shrinkage ratio is 2.5 or more and 12.0 or less, the absolute value of the angle between the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film is maximized and TD is 40 degrees or less, and the warpage of the liquid crystal panel can be reduced. The angle is preferably 35 degrees or less.
In addition, as described above, when it is considered that a polarizing plate is industrially produced in a roll-to-roll manner or the like, FTDIs equivalent to FfThus, FTDPreferred ranges of (2) and (F)fThe preferred ranges of (a) are the same. In addition, FTD/FMDIs equivalent to Ff/FvTherefore, the preferable ranges of both are the same. The "elastic modulus of TD of the polyester film" corresponds to the "elastic modulus of the polyester film in the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate", and therefore, the preferable ranges of both are the same. The "thermal shrinkage rate of TD of the polyester film at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes of heat treatment" corresponds to "thermal shrinkage rate of the polyester film at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes of heat treatment in the light transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate", and therefore, the preferable ranges of both are the same.
The liquid crystal display device at least comprises: a backlight light source; and a liquid crystal cell disposed between the 2 polarizing plates. At least one of the 2 polarizing plates is preferably a polarizing plate in which the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is a polarizing plate protective film. The polarizing plate of the present invention can be used for both of the 2 polarizing plates of the liquid crystal display device.
The polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably used in the position of the polarizing plate protective film on the light source side from the polarizing plate of the visible-side polarizing plate as a starting point and from the polarizing plate of the visible-side polarizing plate and/or the polarizing plate of the light source-side polarizing plate as a starting point.
In general, a liquid crystal display device has a rectangular shape (2 polarizing plates used in the liquid crystal display device are also rectangular), and one polarizing plate has a long side parallel to an absorption axis and the other polarizing plate has a long side parallel to a transmission axis, and the absorption axes are arranged so as to be perpendicular to each other. In general, a polarizing plate having a long side of the polarizing plate in parallel with the absorption axis is used as a visible-side polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device, and a polarizing plate having a long side of the polarizing plate in parallel with the transmission axis is used as a light source-side polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display device. From the viewpoint of suppressing the warping of the liquid crystal panel, it is preferable to use at least the polarizing plate of the present invention as a polarizing plate having a parallel relationship between the long side and the transmission axis of the polarizing plate. In addition, the polarizing plate of the present invention is preferably used for both a polarizing plate in which the long side of the polarizing plate is parallel to the transmission axis and a polarizing plate in which the long side of the polarizing plate is parallel to the absorption axis.
Examples
The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples below, but the present invention is not limited to the examples below, and can be carried out with appropriate modifications within a range that can meet the gist of the present invention, and all of them are included in the scope of the present invention.
(1) Force of contraction Ff
Shrink force F of polyester filmfCalculated by the following equation. The thickness, elastic modulus, and heat shrinkage of the polyester film were measured values described below. The elastic modulus is the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate. The heat shrinkage ratio is a heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizing plate.
Force of contraction FfThickness (mm) × elastic modulus (N/mm) of (N/m) ═ polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000
(2) Force of contraction Fv
Shrink force F of polyester filmvCalculated by the following equation. The thickness, elastic modulus, and heat shrinkage of the polyester film were measured values described below. Elastic dieThe amount is the modulus of elasticity of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. The heat shrinkage ratio is a heat shrinkage ratio of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate.
Force of contraction FvThickness (mm) × elastic modulus (N/mm) of (N/m) ═ polyester film2) X Heat shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 min/100X 1000
(3) Thickness of film
The thickness (mm) of the polyester film was measured by an electrometer (Fine Liu off Co., Ltd., Miritoron1245D) after being left standing at 25 ℃ for 168 hours at 50 RH%, and the unit was converted into mm.
(4) Modulus of elasticity of polyester film
The elastic modulus of the polyester film was evaluated by a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring apparatus (DMS6100) manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc. in accordance with JIS-K7244(DMS) after being left to stand at 25 ℃ for 168 hours under an atmosphere of 50 RH%. The temperature dependence at 25 ℃ to 120 ℃ was measured under the conditions of a stretching mode, a driving frequency of 1Hz, a distance between chucks of 5mm, and a temperature rise rate of 2 ℃/min, and the average of the storage modulus at 30 ℃ to 100 ℃ was taken as the elastic modulus. In this manner, the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate were measured for the polyester film. The measurement was performed using the polyester film alone (polarizing plate protection polyester film alone).
(5) Heat shrinkage and slope of heat shrinkage of polyester film
The polyester film was left to stand at 25 ℃ and 50 RH% for 168 hours, and then a circle having a diameter of 80mm was drawn, and the diameter of the circle was measured at 1 ℃ intervals by an Image measuring instrument (Image measurement IM6500, manufactured by KEYENCE corporation) to obtain a length before treatment. Next, the heat treatment was performed for 30 minutes in a gill aging oven set at 80 ℃, and then, the resultant was cooled for 10 minutes in an environment set at 25 ℃ at room temperature, and then evaluated at 1 ° intervals by the same method as before the treatment, as the length after the treatment. The above treatment was performed with the polyester film alone (with the polyester film alone for protecting a polarizing plate).
The heat shrinkage was evaluated for each angle by the following calculation formula.
Heat shrinkage ratio (length before treatment-length after treatment)/length before treatment × 100
In this manner, the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate were determined for the polyester film.
Among the above, 360 ° evaluation was performed at 1 ° intervals, and the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was specified, and the absolute value of the angle formed between this direction and the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate was taken as the slope of the heat shrinkage rate. The slope of the thermal shrinkage rate is defined as a narrow angle from the transmission axis direction of the polarizing plate, and is in the range of 0 to 90 °.
(6) Warping of liquid crystal panel
The liquid crystal panels produced in the respective examples and comparative examples were subjected to a heat treatment in a gill aging oven set at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes, then cooled at room temperature at 25 ℃ and 50% RH for 30 minutes, and then placed on a horizontal surface with the convex side facing downward, and the height at 4 points was measured with a tape measure, and the maximum value was defined as the amount of warpage. The warpage amount was evaluated as follows.
O: 0mm or more and less than 2.0mm
And (delta): 2.0mm or more and 3.0mm or less
X: over 3.0mm
(7) Refractive index of polyester film
The slow axis direction of the film was determined by a molecular orientation meter (Oji Keishokukiki Co., Ltd., MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter), and the film was cut into a 4cm × 2cm rectangular shape so that the slow axis direction was parallel to the long side of the measurement sample to obtain a measurement sample. For this sample, the refractive indices of the two orthogonal axes (refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, refractive index in the fast axis direction (refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction: Nx) and refractive index in the thickness direction (Nz) were obtained by an Abbe refractometer (ATAGO CO., manufactured by LTD., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm). These values were used to determine the NZ coefficient.
The retardation is a parameter defined by the product (Δ Nxy × d) of the anisotropy of the refractive index of the film in two orthogonal axes (| Nx-Ny |) and the film thickness d (nm), and is a measure representing the optical isotropy and the anisotropy. The biaxial refractive index anisotropy (Δ Nxy) is obtained by the following method. The slow axis direction of the film was determined by a molecular orientation meter (Oji Keishokukiki Co., Ltd., MOA-6004 type molecular orientation meter), and the film was cut into a 4cm × 2cm rectangular shape so that the slow axis direction was parallel to the long side of the measurement sample to obtain a measurement sample. For this sample, refractive indices (refractive index in the slow axis direction: Ny, refractive index in the direction orthogonal to the slow axis direction: Nx) and refractive index in the thickness direction (Nz) of two orthogonal axes were obtained by an Abbe refractometer (ATAGO CO., manufactured by LTD., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589nm), and the absolute value of the difference in refractive index between the two axes (| Nx-Ny |) was used as the anisotropy of refractive index (. DELTA Nxy). The thickness d (nm) of the film was measured by an electric micrometer (Fine Liu off Co., Ltd., Miritoron1245D) and the unit was converted into nm. The retardation (Re) is determined from the product (Δ Nxy × d) of the refractive index anisotropy (Δ Nxy) and the thickness d (nm) of the thin film.
(8) Retardation in thickness direction (Rth)
The thickness-direction retardation is a parameter representing an average of retardation values obtained by multiplying each of 2 birefringence Δ Nxz (| Nx-Nz |), | Nyz (| Ny-Nz |) and the film thickness d when viewed from a cross section in the film thickness direction. Nx, Ny, Nz and the film thickness d (nm) were obtained by the same method as the measurement of the retardation amount, and the average value of (Δ Nxz × d) and (Δ Nyz × d) was calculated to obtain the retardation amount in the thickness direction (Rth).
Production example 1 polyester A
The esterification reaction tank was heated, and when the temperature reached 200 ℃, 86.4 parts by mass of terephthalic acid and 64.6 parts by mass of ethylene glycol were added, and 0.017 parts by mass of antimony trioxide as a catalyst, 0.064 parts by mass of magnesium acetate tetrahydrate, and 0.16 parts by mass of triethylamine were added while stirring. Subsequently, the esterification reaction was carried out under a pressure and temperature rise condition, and after the pressure esterification reaction was carried out under a gage pressure of 0.34MPa at 240 ℃, the esterification reaction tank was returned to normal pressure, and 0.014 parts by mass of phosphoric acid was added. Further, the temperature was raised to 260 ℃ over 15 minutes, and 0.012 parts by mass of trimethyl phosphate was added. After 15 minutes, the resulting mixture was dispersed by a high-pressure disperser, and after 15 minutes, the esterification reaction product was transferred to a polycondensation reaction tank and subjected to polycondensation reaction at 280 ℃ under reduced pressure.
After the completion of the polycondensation reaction, the reaction mixture was filtered through a NASLON filter having a 95% cutoff diameter of 5 μm, extruded from a nozzle into a strand form, cooled and solidified with cooling water having been subjected to a filtration treatment (pore diameter: 1 μm or less), and cut into pellets. The resulting polyethylene terephthalate resin (A) had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62dl/g and was substantially free of inactive particles and internally precipitated particles. (hereinafter abbreviated as PET (A))
Production example 2 polyester B
10 parts by mass of the dried ultraviolet absorber (2, 2' - (1, 4-phenylene) bis (4H-3, 1-benzoxazin-4-one) and 90 parts by mass of pellet-free PET (A) (intrinsic viscosity: 0.62dl/g) were mixed together, and a kneading extruder was used to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate resin (B) containing an ultraviolet absorber (hereinafter abbreviated as PET (B))
Production example 3 preparation of coating liquid for modifying adhesiveness
The ester exchange reaction and the polycondensation reaction were carried out by a conventional method to prepare a water-dispersible metal sulfonate group-containing copolyester resin having a composition of a dicarboxylic acid component (with respect to the whole dicarboxylic acid component) 46 mol% of terephthalic acid, 46 mol% of isophthalic acid, and 8 mol% of sodium 5-sulfoisophthalate, and a diol component (with respect to the whole diol component) 50 mol% of ethylene glycol, and 50 mol% of neopentyl glycol. Subsequently, 51.4 parts by mass of water, 38 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol, 5 parts by mass of n-butyl cellosolve, and 0.06 part by mass of a nonionic surfactant were mixed, and then heated and stirred to 77 ℃. Further, after 3 parts by mass of aggregate silica particles (SILYSIA 310, manufactured by FUJI SILYSIA CHEMICAL ltd.) were dispersed in 50 parts by mass of water, 0.54 part by mass of an aqueous dispersion of SILYSIA 310 was added to 99.46 parts by mass of the water-dispersible copolyester resin solution, and 20 parts by mass of water was added thereto with stirring to obtain an adhesion-modifying coating solution.
(example 1)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 1 >
90 parts by mass of PET (A) resin pellets containing no particles as a raw material for an intermediate layer of a base film and 10 parts by mass of PET (B) resin pellets containing an ultraviolet absorber were dried under reduced pressure at 135 ℃ for 6 hours (1Torr), and then supplied to an extruder 2 (for an intermediate layer II), and further, PET (A) was dried by a conventional method and supplied to the extruder 1 (for outer layers I and III), respectively, and dissolved at 285 ℃. The 2 polymers were each filtered with a filter material of a stainless steel sintered body (nominal filtration accuracy 10 μm particle 95% cutoff), laminated with 2 kinds of 3-layer flow blocks, extruded from a nozzle into a sheet shape, wound around a casting drum (casting drum) having a surface temperature of 30 ℃ by an electrostatic casting method, cooled and solidified, and an unstretched film was produced. In this case, the ratio of the thicknesses of the layers I, II, and III is 10: 80: the discharge amount of each extruder was adjusted in the manner of 10.
Then, the coating weight after drying was set to 0.08g/m by the reverse roll method2The coating liquid for modifying adhesiveness was applied to both surfaces of the non-stretched PET film, and then dried at 80 ℃ for 20 seconds.
The unstretched film on which the coating layer was formed was introduced into a tenter stretcher, while holding the ends of the film with clips, the film was introduced into a hot air zone at a temperature of 105 ℃ and stretched 4.0 times in the TD. Subsequently, heat treatment was performed at 180 ℃ for 30 seconds, and then the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched 1.0% in the width direction, then the clamps for fixing both ends of the film cooled to 60 ℃ were opened, and the film was drawn with a tension of 350N/m, and a large-diameter roll made of a uniaxially oriented PET film having a film thickness of about 80 μm was taken, and the obtained large-diameter roll 3 was divided into 3 slit rolls (L (left side), C (center), R (right side)) to obtain 3 slit rolls. The polyester film 1 for polarizer protection was obtained from the slit roll at R. The deviation TD in the direction in which the thermal shrinkage of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizing plate was maximized was 7.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
The polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 was adhered to one side of a polarizing plate containing PVA, iodine and boron so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate was parallel to the TD of the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1. A TAC film (80 μm thick, manufactured by Fuji photo film Co., Ltd.) was attached to the opposite side of the polarizer to prepare a light source side polarizing plate.
The liquid crystal panel was taken out from a 46-inch IPS mode liquid crystal television using a glass substrate having a thickness of 0.4mm as a liquid crystal cell. Instead of peeling the light source side polarizing plate from the liquid crystal panel, the light source side polarizing plate prepared as described above was attached to the liquid crystal cell via PSA so that the transmission axis of the polarizer coincides with the transmission axis direction of the light source side polarizing plate before peeling (parallel to the horizontal direction), to prepare a liquid crystal panel.
The light source side polarizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal cell so that the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 and the liquid crystal cell are on the far side (opposite side). The visible-side polarizing plate is obtained by laminating TAC films on both surfaces of a polarizing plate, and is attached to a liquid crystal cell so that the absorption axis direction of the polarizing plate is parallel to the horizontal direction.
(example 2)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 2 >
A polarizing plate protecting polyester film 2 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 1.5% in the width direction in the production of the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 of example 1. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 6.5 degrees with respect to the polyester film 2 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 2 in example 1.
(example 3)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 3 >
A polarizing plate protection film 3 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 1.7% in the width direction in the production of the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 of example 1. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio becomes maximum with respect to the polyester film 3 for polarizer protection was 5.3 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protective polyester film 3 in example 1.
(example 4)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 4 >
A polarizing plate protection film 4 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched 2.0% in the width direction and 4 times in the TD, and then the hard coat layer coating liquid was applied to one surface of the polyester film at a time before the heat treatment at 180 ℃ for 30 seconds in the film formation of the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 in example 1. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 4.8 degrees with respect to the polyester film 4 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 4 in example 1.
(example 5)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 5 >
The polarizing plate protective polyester film 5 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 4 except that the number of revolutions of the casting rolls was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 160 μm. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 4.8 degrees with respect to the polyester film 5 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 5 in example 1.
(example 6)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 6 >
A polarizing plate protecting polyester film 6 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 1.5% in the flow direction in the production of the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 of example 1. The deviation MD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was maximized was 9.0 degrees with respect to the polyester film 6 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1 except that the polarizing plate on the light source side in example 1 was produced by using the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 6 in place of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate and attaching the polarizing plate so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the MD of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 6 were parallel to each other.
(example 7)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 7 >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 7 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 1.7% in the flow direction in the production of the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 of example 1. The deviation MD of the polyester film 7 for polarizer protection from the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 8.3 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 6, except that in example 6, the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 6 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 7.
(example 8)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 8 >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 8 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched in the flow direction by 2.0% in the production of the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 of example 1. The deviation MD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was maximized was 7.0 degrees with respect to the polyester film 8 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 6, except that in example 6, the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 6 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 8.
(example 9)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 9 >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 9 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 8 except that the number of revolutions of the casting rolls was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 160 μm. The deviation MD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 7.0 degrees with respect to the polyester film 9 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 6, except that in example 6, the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 6 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 9.
(example 10)
< production of polyester film for polarizer protection 10 >
The polarizing plate protection film 10 was obtained in the same manner as the polyester film for polarizing plate protection 6 except that the stretching in TD was changed to 4.0 times in the MD and 1.0 times in the TD. The deviation in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum from the MD of the polyester film 10 for polarizer protection was 8.7 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 6, except that in example 6, the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 6 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10.
(example 11)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 11 >
A polarizing plate protecting polyester film 11 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 1.7% in the flow direction in the production of the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 of example 10. The deviation in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum from the MD of the polyester film 11 for polarizer protection was 7.5 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 10, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 11 in example 10.
(example 12)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 12 >
A polarizing plate protecting polyester film 12 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched by 5.0% in the width direction in the production of the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 of example 10. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage ratio became maximum was 1.8 degrees with respect to the polyester film 12 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protective polyester film 12 in example 1.
(example 13)
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 13 >
The polarizing plate protective polyester film 13 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 4 except that the number of rotations of the casting roll was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 60 μm. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 4.8 degrees with respect to the polyester film 13 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 13 in example 1.
(example 14)
< production of polyester film for polarizer protection 14 >
The polarizing plate protection film 14 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection film 3 except that the film was passed through the cooling step after stretching 1.7% in the width direction without changing the width of the jig for fixing both ends of the film. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 33.0 degrees with respect to the polyester film 14 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 3, except that the polarizing plate protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protective film 14.
Comparative example 1
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 15 >
A polarizing plate protective film 15 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective film 1 except that the film thickness after stretching was 200 μm by adjusting the rotation speed of the casting roll, and the film was passed through in the cooling step after stretching/heat fixing without changing the width of the jig for fixing both ends of the film. The deviation MD of the polyester film 15 for polarizer protection from the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 20.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizer protective film 1 was replaced with the polarizer protective film 15 and the polarizing plate was attached so that the transmission axis of the polarizer was parallel to the MD of the polarizer protective film to produce a light source side polarizing plate.
Comparative example 2
< production of polyester film for polarizer protection 16 >
The polarizing plate protective film 16 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective film 1 except that the jig for fixing both ends of the film was released at 95 ℃. The deviation MD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was maximized was 1.0 degree with respect to the polyester film 16 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protective film 1 was replaced with a polarizing plate protective film 16, and the polarizing plate was attached so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate was parallel to the MD of the polarizing plate protective film to produce a light source side polarizing plate.
Comparative example 3
< production of polyester film 17 for protecting polarizing plate >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 17 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 except that the number of rotations of the casting rolls was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 50 μm. The deviation TD in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum was 7.0 degrees with respect to the polyester film 17 for polarizer protection.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 1 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 17 in example 1.
Comparative example 4
< production of polyester film for polarizer protection 18 >
The polarizing plate protective polyester film 18 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 11 except that the number of revolutions of the casting rolls was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 160 μm. The deviation in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum from the MD of the polyester film 18 for polarizer protection was 6.5 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 11, except that in example 11, the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 11 was replaced with the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 18.
Comparative example 5
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 19 >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 19 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched in the flow direction by 1.0% in the production of the polarizing plate protective polyester film 1 of example 1 by adjusting the number of rotations of the casting rolls so that the film thickness after stretching was 160 μm. The deviation MD of the polyester film 19 for polarizer protection from the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 11.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1 except that the polarizing plate on the light source side in example 1 was produced by using the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 19 instead of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate and attaching the polarizing plate so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the TD of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 19 were parallel to each other.
Comparative example 6
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 20 >
A polarizing plate protective polyester film 20 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective polyester film 19 except that the number of rotations of the casting rolls was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching was 80 μm. The deviation MD of the polyester film 20 for polarizer protection from the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 11.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in comparative example 5, except that in comparative example 5, the polarizing plate protective polyester film 19 was replaced with the polarizing plate protective polyester film 20.
Comparative example 7
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 21 >
A polarizing plate protective film 21 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protective film 20. The deviation MD of the polyester film 21 for polarizer protection from the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 11.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1 except that the polarizing plate on the light source side in example 1 was produced by using the polyester film 21 for protecting a polarizing plate in place of the polyester film 1 for protecting a polarizing plate and attaching the polarizing plate so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate was parallel to the MD of the polyester film 21 for protecting a polarizing plate.
Comparative example 8
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1, except that the polarizing plate protective film 15 was attached so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate was parallel to the TD of the polarizing plate protective film to produce a light source side polarizing plate.
Comparative example 9
< production of polyester film for polarizer protection 22 >
The polarizing plate protection polyester film 22 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched in the flow direction by 1.0% in the production of the polarizing plate protection polyester film 1 of example 1 by adjusting the number of rotations of the casting rolls so that the film thickness after stretching was 160 μm. The deviation MD of the polyester film 22 for polarizer protection in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate was the largest was 11.0 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 1 except that the polarizing plate on the light source side in example 1 was produced by using the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 22 instead of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 1 and attaching the polarizing plate so that the transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the MD of the polyester film for protecting a polarizing plate 22 were parallel to each other.
Comparative example 10
< production of polyester film for protecting polarizing plate 23 >
A polarizing plate protecting polyester film 23 was obtained in the same manner as the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 except that the film cooled to 100 ℃ was stretched in the flow direction by 2.0% in the production of the polarizing plate protecting polyester film 10 of example 10. The deviation in the direction in which the heat shrinkage rate became maximum from the MD of the polyester film 23 for polarizer protection was 4.5 degrees.
< manufacture of liquid Crystal Panel >
A liquid crystal panel was produced in the same manner as in example 10, except that in example 10, the polarizing plate protective polyester film 10 was replaced with the polarizing plate protective polyester film 23.
[ Table 1]
Figure BDA0002450459770000301
From the results shown in table 1, it was confirmed that the polarizing plate using the polarizer protective film of the present invention can suppress the warpage of the panel as compared with the polarizing plate of the comparative example.
(examples 1A to 5A and 13A)
In addition, other than using polarizing plates having the same structure as the light source side polarizing plate used in each of examples 1to 5 and 13 as the polarizing plates for both the light source side polarizing plate and the visible side polarizing plate, a separate evaluation was performed in the same manner as in examples 1to 5 and 13, and in this case, a good result (o) was obtained in the warpage evaluation of the panel in the same manner as in examples 1to 5 and 13 in table 1. The light source side polarizing plate and the visible side polarizing plate were attached to the liquid crystal cell so that the polarizing plate protective polyester film and the liquid crystal cell were on the far end side (opposite side).
(example 1B to example 5B, example 13B)
In examples 1A to 5A and 13A, a good result (o) was obtained in the warpage evaluation of the panel in the same manner as in examples 1A to 5A and 13A except that a TAC film was not used as the polarizing plate protective film on the liquid crystal cell side, and in this case, the TAC film was not used.
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, there can be provided: a polarizer protective film, a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing the warping of a liquid crystal panel.

Claims (42)

1. A polarizing plate comprising a polarizing plate and a polyester film for protecting the polarizing plate, the polyester film satisfying the following characteristics (1), (2) and (3), laminated on one surface of the polarizing plate,
(1) a shrinkage force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizing platefIs 800N/m or more and 9000N/m or less, wherein the shrinkage force Ff(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment/100X 1000, where the elastic modulus is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plateThe heat shrinkage rate of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate,
(2) a shrinkage force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizing platefA shrinking force F of the polyester film in a direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing platevRatio of (F)f/Fv) 2.5 to 12.0, wherein the shrinkage force Fv(N/m) is the thickness (mm) x elastic modulus (N/mm) of the polyester film2) X thermal shrinkage (%) of 80 ℃ for 30 minutes heat treatment, wherein the elastic modulus is the elastic modulus of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, and the thermal shrinkage is the thermal shrinkage of the polyester film in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate,
(3) the polyester film has a difference (Ny-Nx) between the refractive index (Ny) in the slow axis direction and the refractive index (Nx) in the fast axis direction of 0.05 or more.
2. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film further satisfies the following feature (4),
(4) the direction in which the heat shrinkage of the polyester film is maximized is substantially parallel to the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate.
3. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an in-plane retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm.
4. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 200 μm.
5. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a hard coat layer, an antireflection layer, a low reflection layer, an antiglare layer, or an antireflection antiglare layer is provided on the surface of the polyester film opposite to the surface on which the polarizing plate is laminated.
6. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a TAC film, an acrylic film, or a norbornene film is laminated on the other surface of the polarizer.
7. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polarizer has no film on the other surface.
8. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a coating layer is laminated on the other surface of the polarizer.
9. The polarizing plate of claim 8, wherein the coating layer is a hard coat layer or a phase difference film.
10. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polarizing plate has a rectangular shape, and the long side of the polarizing plate is parallel to the transmission axis thereof.
11. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a shrinkage force Ff2880N/m or less.
12. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a shrinkage force FfIs 2240N/m or less.
13. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a shrinkage force FfIs more than 1000N/m.
14. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an elastic modulus of 1800 to 8000N/mm in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer2。
15. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an elastic modulus of 1800 to 7000N/mm in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer2。
16. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an elastic modulus of 6000 to 8000N/mm in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer2。
17. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an elastic modulus of 6000 to 7000N/mm in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer2。
18. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a heat shrinkage of 0.1% or more and 1% or less in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer.
19. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a heat shrinkage of 0.1% or more and 0.6% or less in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer.
20. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has an in-plane retardation of 6000nm or more and 15000nm or less.
21. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a ratio (Re/Rth) of an in-plane retardation (Re) to a thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the polyester film is 0.5 or more and 2.0 or less.
22. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a ratio (Re/Rth) of an in-plane retardation (Re) to a thickness direction retardation (Rth) of the polyester film is 0.5 or more and 1.2 or less.
23. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a difference (Ny-Nx) between a refractive index (Ny) in a slow axis direction and a refractive index (Nx) in a fast axis direction of the polyester film is 0.07 or more.
24. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a difference (Ny-Nx) between a refractive index (Ny) in a slow axis direction and a refractive index (Nx) in a fast axis direction of the polyester film is 0.08 or more.
25. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a difference (Ny-Nx) between a refractive index (Ny) in a slow axis direction and a refractive index (Nx) in a fast axis direction of the polyester film is 0.09 or more.
26. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein a difference (Ny-Nx) between a refractive index (Ny) in a slow axis direction and a refractive index (Nx) in a fast axis direction of the polyester film is 0.1 or more.
27. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film is stretched in the TD and then stretched again in the TD during cooling after heat fixation.
28. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film is a film uniaxially stretched only in the TD, and the TD of the polyester film is parallel to the transmission axis direction of the polarizer.
29. The polarizing plate according to claim 6, wherein the TAC film, the acrylic film or the norbornene film, the contraction force in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and the contraction force in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer are all F of the polyester filmfThe value of (a) is as follows.
30. The polarizing plate according to claim 6, wherein the TAC film, the acrylic film or the norbornene film, the contraction force in the direction parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer, and the contraction force in the direction parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizer are all F of the polyester filmvThe value of (a) is as follows.
31. The polarizing plate according to claim 6, wherein the TAC film, the acrylic film or the norbornene film has a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer and a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to an absorption axis of the polarizer of 250N/m or less.
32. The polarizing plate according to claim 8, wherein the coating layer has a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of a polarizer and a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to an absorption axis of a polarizer, both of which are F of the polyester filmfThe value of (a) is as follows.
33. The polarizing plate according to claim 8, wherein the coating layer has a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of a polarizer and a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to an absorption axis of a polarizer, both of which are F of the polyester filmvThe value of (a) or less.
34. The polarizing plate according to claim 8, wherein the coating layer has a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to a transmission axis of the polarizer and a shrinkage force in a direction parallel to an absorption axis of the polarizer of 250N/m or less.
35. The polarizing plate of claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 100 μm.
36. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the polyester film is 40 to 100 μm, and the in-plane retardation of the polyester film is 3000nm or more and 15000nm or less.
37. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 100 μm, and the in-plane retardation of the polyester film is 3000nm or more and less than 10000 nm.
38. The polarizing plate according to claim 1, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 40 to 100 μm, and an in-plane retardation of 3000nm or more and 9000nm or less.
39. The polarizing plate according to any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the polyester film has an in-plane retardation of 6000nm or more.
40. The polarizing plate of any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the polyester film has a thickness of 80 μm or more.
41. A liquid crystal display device has: a backlight light source; and a liquid crystal cell disposed between the 2 polarizing plates,
at least one of the 2 polarizing plates is the polarizing plate according to any one of claims 1to 9 and 11 to 40.
42. A liquid crystal display device has: a backlight light source; and a liquid crystal cell disposed between the 2 polarizing plates,
one of the 2 polarizing plates is the polarizing plate according to claim 10.
CN202010291212.5A 2017-09-15 2018-09-12 Polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device Active CN111443416B (en)

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