CN111420968A - Explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method - Google Patents
Explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111420968A CN111420968A CN202010244980.5A CN202010244980A CN111420968A CN 111420968 A CN111420968 A CN 111420968A CN 202010244980 A CN202010244980 A CN 202010244980A CN 111420968 A CN111420968 A CN 111420968A
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical group [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 10
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006481 deamination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009615 deamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006115 defluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002221 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method, which is a disposal method comprising the steps of preparing aluminum ash powder, adding materials and water, mixing and pulping, adding a medicament A for carrying out fluorine removal through a secondary reaction, discharging materials after fluoride detection is qualified, adding a medicament B for removing ammonia through a secondary reaction, adding a medicament C for adjusting PH, carrying out filter pressing and dehydration, and refluxing filtrate to a reservoir for cyclic utilization, so that aluminum powder slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the explosion-proof problem of waste gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen gas and the like can be effectively solved; in a word, the explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless treatment method disclosed by the invention is used for reacting at normal temperature, does not need heating by a heat source, is easy to purchase medicines, is low in treatment cost, and is safe and reliable in steps, and explosive gas hydrogen released in the reaction is specially treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, in particular to an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless treatment method.
Background
The aluminum ash is a product generated in the production of electrolytic aluminum, aluminum processing or cast aluminum and the like, and in the process of producing aluminum by molten salt electrolysis of aluminum oxide, a certain amount of aluminum ash is generated due to carrying of operation and measuring instruments, anode replacement, aluminum discharge, ingot casting and electrolytic bath overhaul, and a certain amount of aluminum ash is generated in the process of regenerating and processing waste aluminum into products. The specific components of the aluminum ash are different due to different production paths and mainly consist of a mixture of a simple metal aluminum, an oxide and a salt flux. The aluminum ash can be divided into primary aluminum ash and secondary aluminum ash according to the different aluminum contents of the metal aluminum under the cladding of the aluminum oxide and the aluminum nitride. The aluminum ash contains aluminum and a plurality of valuable elements, and mainly comprises 7-75% of metallic aluminum, 10-40% of aluminum nitride, 20-80% of aluminum oxide, 2-10% of other metal oxides and 1-30% of salt flux. The deliquescence of aluminum nitride in the aluminum ash releases ammonia gas, which is a foul odor gas. The metal aluminum in the aluminum ash is hydrolyzed to release dangerous gas hydrogen, and the hydrogen is flammable and explosive gas. The salt flux in the aluminum ash is mainly chlorine salt and fluorine salt, wherein the content of soluble fluoride is very high, so that the aluminum ash can cause serious pollution to ecological environments such as land, water, air and the like if the aluminum ash is not treated properly. In 2016, aluminum ash was clearly defined as a hazardous waste in the national records of hazardous waste.
The harmfulness of the aluminum ash is mainly soluble fluoride, wherein the fluoride can be solidified by adding a fluorine-fixing agent after being slurried by an aqueous solution, so that the leaching toxicity of the fluoride can reach the common solid waste standard. Secondly, the aluminum ash contains aluminum nitride, and ammonia gas is released after hydrolysis by adding water. Thirdly, the aluminum ash contains metal aluminum, and the aluminum ash releases flammable and explosive hydrogen after hydrolysis. The traditional aluminum ash treatment method has the disadvantages of harsh conditions, high cost, no specific treatment device for the generated waste gas and great potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless treatment method which can react at normal temperature, does not need a heat source for heating, is easy to purchase medicines, has low treatment cost, specially treats explosive gas hydrogen released in the reaction, and has safe and reliable method steps.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
aluminum powder mixing and pulping:
the aluminum ash enters the No. 1 reaction tank through the material receiving machine, the elevator and the metering bin, and water in the water storage tank is injected into the No. 1 reaction tank through the circulating pump.
Adding a medicament A for one-time reaction to remove fluorine:
the drug A is added into the slurry dissolving tank on one side of the No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and the solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the drug A pump by the slurry dissolving tank.
Adding a medicine B for secondary reaction to remove ammonia:
the drug B is added into the slurry dissolving tank on one side of the No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and the solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the drug B pump by the slurry dissolving tank.
Adding medicine C to adjust the pH value:
and when the pH value of the filtrate exceeds 9, adding a medicament C to adjust the pH value of the filtrate to 7-8, and discharging the filtrate in the process. And (3) filter pressing and dewatering:
waste gas generated by the No. 2 reaction tank is absorbed by a No. 2 absorption tower, the slurry is injected into a buffer tank by the No. 2 reaction tank, the slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a filter press, solid objects are discharged, liquid objects are injected into a reservoir for recycling, the waste gas generated by the buffer tank and the filter press is absorbed by a No. 3 absorption tower, the waste gas generated by a slurry melting tank and a storage tank is absorbed and discharged by a No. 4 absorption tower, the moisture content of a filter cake is 20-35%, and the filter cake is periodically transported out of a warehouse by an automobile.
Preferably, a 4# absorption tower and a 3# absorption tower are respectively arranged in the slurry melting tank, the reaction tank and the buffer tank, and a large-air-volume gas replacement and washing device is arranged in the slurry melting tank, the reaction tank and the buffer tank to replace gas in the tanks and quickly discharge inflammable and explosive gas.
Preferably, water in the reservoir is carried water to 1# reaction tank in the pipeline through the circulating pump, and this pipeline is equipped with the branch pipe, and the water source pours into two thick liquid grooves and storage tanks into respectively through the branch pipe.
Preferably, the drug A is calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride or calcium hydroxide, the drug B is aluminum sulfate, and the drug C is hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid in water in the medicine C is 20-30%.
Preferably, the No. 1 absorption tower, the No. 2 absorption tower, the No. 3 absorption tower and the No. 4 absorption tower are respectively provided with a hydrogen remover at a waste gas inlet, and the waste gas is purified by the hydrogen remover, enters the absorption tower and is discharged at an exhaust funnel.
Preferably, stirring paddles are arranged in the No. 1 reaction tank and the No. 2 reaction tank.
Preferably, the ratio of the aluminum ash to the water in the No. 1 reaction tank is 1: 3-10.
Preferably, the No. 1 reaction tank is stirred for 30-120 min.
Preferably, the reaction is carried out in the No. 2 reaction tank for 2-24 h.
The invention discloses an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method, which is a disposal method comprising the steps of preparing aluminum ash powder, adding materials and water, mixing and pulping, adding a medicament A for carrying out fluorine removal through a secondary reaction, discharging materials after fluoride detection is qualified, adding a medicament B for removing ammonia through a secondary reaction, adding a medicament C for adjusting PH, carrying out filter pressing and dehydration, and refluxing filtrate to a reservoir for cyclic utilization, so that aluminum powder slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the explosion-proof problem of waste gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen gas and the like can be effectively solved; in a word, the explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless treatment method disclosed by the invention is used for reacting at normal temperature, does not need heating by a heat source, is easy to purchase medicines, is low in treatment cost, and is safe and reliable in steps, and explosive gas hydrogen released in the reaction is specially treated.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method of the invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
In a first embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, a method for harmless disposal of explosion-proof aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing aluminum ash powder for pulping:
the aluminum ash enters the No. 1 reaction tank through the material receiving machine, the elevator and the metering bin, and water in the water storage tank is injected into the No. 1 reaction tank through the circulating pump. The simple substance aluminum in the aluminum ash generates hydrolysis reaction when meeting water, and releases combustible and explosive gases of hydrogen and ammonia. The reaction formula is as follows:
2Al+6H2O→2Al(OH)3+3H2↑
AlN+3H2O→Al(OH)3+NH3↑
adding a medicament A for one-time reaction to remove fluorine:
the drug A is added into the slurry dissolving tank on one side of the No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and the solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the drug A pump by the slurry dissolving tank. The reaction formula is as follows:
F++Ca+→CaF2
adding a medicine B for secondary reaction to remove ammonia:
the drug B is added into the slurry dissolving tank on one side of the No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and the solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through the drug B pump by the slurry dissolving tank. The reaction formula is as follows:
AlN+3H2O→Al(OH)3+NH3↑
Al2(SO4)3+6NH3.H2O＝＝2Al(OH)3↓+3(NH4)2SO4
adding medicine C to adjust the pH value:
and when the pH value of the filtrate exceeds 9, adding a medicament C to adjust the pH value of the filtrate to 7-8, and discharging the filtrate in the process. And (3) filter pressing and dewatering:
waste gas generated by the No. 2 reaction tank is absorbed by a No. 2 absorption tower, the slurry is injected into a buffer tank by the No. 2 reaction tank, the slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a filter press, solid objects are discharged, liquid objects are injected into a reservoir for recycling, the waste gas generated by the buffer tank and the filter press is absorbed by a No. 3 absorption tower, the waste gas generated by a slurry melting tank and a storage tank is absorbed and discharged by a No. 4 absorption tower, the moisture content of a filter cake is 20-35%, and the filter cake is periodically transported out of a warehouse by an automobile.
A4 # absorption tower and a 3# absorption tower are respectively arranged in a pulping tank, a reaction tank and a buffer pool, a large air volume gas replacement and washing device is arranged in the pulping tank, gas in the tank is replaced, inflammable and explosive gas is quickly discharged, water in a water storage tank is conveyed to a 1# reaction tank in a pipeline through a circulating pump, the pipeline is provided with branch pipes, a water source is respectively injected into two pulping tanks and a storage tank through the branch pipes, a medicine A is calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride or calcium hydroxide, a medicine B is aluminum sulfate, a medicine C is hydrochloric acid, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the medicine C in the water is 20% -30%, the 1# absorption tower, the 2# absorption tower, the 3# absorption tower and the 4# absorption tower are respectively provided with a hydrogen remover at a waste gas inlet, the hydrogen remover purifies the waste gas and then enters the absorption tower, the waste gas is discharged at an exhaust barrel, and stirring paddles are arranged in the 1# reaction tank and the 2# reaction tank, the ratio of the aluminum ash to the water in the No. 1 reaction tank is 1:3-10, the No. 1 reaction tank is stirred for 30-120 min, and the No. 2 reaction tank is reacted for 2-24 h.
The process route is as follows: aluminum ash powder, adding water for mixing and pulping, adding a medicament A for secondary reaction and defluorination, discharging after fluoride detection is qualified, adding a medicament B for secondary reaction and ammonia removal, adding a medicament C for regulating PH, performing filter pressing and dehydration, and refluxing filtrate to a reservoir for recycling; wherein the medicine A is calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride or calcium hydroxide, the medicine B is aluminum sulfate, and the medicine C is hydrochloric acid.
Wherein, the aluminum ashing process: discharging the aluminum ash after aluminum extraction to a receiving hopper through a ton bag, conveying the aluminum ash to a metering bin through a lifter for metering for later use, and adding water into the No. 1 reaction tank by a water pump according to the ratio of the aluminum ash to the water being 1: 3-10. The aluminum ash in the measuring bin is conveyed into the slurry melting tank by a conveyor, mixed with water for pulping, and continuously stirred by a stirrer.
And (3) aluminum ash denitrification process: in the process of stirring and pulping in the No. 1 reaction tank (stirring time is 30 minutes to 2 hours), aluminum nitride in the aluminum ash begins to hydrolyze when meeting water and releases ammonia gas, and the aluminum nitride reacts after denitrification to generate aluminum hydroxide. Thus, denitrification is carried out, and the whole reaction process is carried out at normal temperature.
And (3) removing fluorine from aluminum ash: after stirring and pulping are completed in the No. 1 reaction tank, the defluorinating agent medicine A is subjected to pulping and then enters the No. 2 reaction tank through the medicine A pump to solidify free fluoride ions in the pulp, so that the aim of harmlessness is achieved.
And (3) continuous deamination process: the qualified back of fluoride content detection in the slurrying inslot, transported to 2# reaction tank by the transfer pump, remove ammoniacal agent medicine B and carry out the slurrying after, get into 2# reaction tank by medicine B pump, the reaction of continuously stirring continues to carry out the deamination reaction, and this step ammonia releases steadily, easily collects the absorption. The reaction lasts for 2-24 hours.
Solid-liquid separation process: and transferring the slurry into a buffer tank by a transfer pump after the continuous deamination reaction in the No. 2 reaction tank is finished, and performing a solid-liquid separation process. And the solid-liquid separation adopts a plate filter, a filter press feed pump beside the buffer tank is arranged to convey the slurry into the filter press, the filter press is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the slurry, the filtrate returns to the filtrate reservoir, and the filter cake is conveyed to the filter cake pile by a belt conveyor. The water content of the filter cake after filter pressing is 20-35%, and the filter cake is transported out of the warehouse by an automobile regularly.
The explosion-proof treatment process of waste gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen gas and the like comprises the following steps: in order to prevent inflammable gas flash explosion and ammonia gas generation in the slurry melting and reaction processes, a large air quantity gas device replacement and washing device is respectively designed in a slurry melting tank, a reaction tank and a buffer pool to replace gas in the tanks and quickly discharge inflammable and explosive gas. The waste gas absorption tower is a packed tower, the absorption liquid adopts an aluminum sulfate solution, and the purified gas is discharged into the atmosphere; wherein, the inlet of the absorption tower is provided with an air speed sensor which is arranged at the inlet of the absorption tower and used for judging whether a pipeline system is blocked; the top of the tower is provided with a hydrogen discharging device to prevent hydrogen from gathering in the tower in a shutdown state. The method has the advantages of reaction at normal temperature, no need of heating by a heat source, easiness in purchasing the medicine, low treatment cost, special treatment on explosive gas hydrogen released in the reaction, and safe and reliable steps.
Wherein the experimental procedures and data:
aluminum ash dissolving step:
1. weighing 100g of aluminum ash, and pouring into a 1000ml plastic beaker;
2. adding 500ml of purified water;
3. stirring for 2 hours on a stirrer;
4. after 2 hours, taking down the stirrer and standing for 15 minutes;
5. 2/3 are taken by a centrifugal tube and put on a centrifuge for centrifugation for 3 minutes;
6. detecting fluorine content by using an ion meter, and detecting PH by using a PH meter;
7. calcium chloride is added according to the fluorine content;
8. after the calcium chloride is added, stirring for 2 hours;
9. sampling and testing;
and (3) assay steps:
1. opening the ion meter;
2. cleaning with purified water, and finishing cleaning when the position of the upper point of the ion meter shows that the cleaning is finished above 340;
3. calibrating the electrode by using a fluorine standard solution, wherein the K value of a standard curve is more than 95 percent, and completing calibration;
4. cleaning the electrode again with purified water;
5. pouring the aluminum ash solution into a centrifuge tube, pouring 2/3 liquid level, and centrifuging for 3 minutes;
6. sucking up 1ml of the centrifuged solution with a pipette;
7. pouring into a 250ml volumetric flask;
8. adding 10ml of fluoride ion buffer solution;
9. fixing the volume to the scale mark, and shaking up;
10. pouring into a small 100ml plastic beaker;
11. putting the sample on an ion meter for detection;
12. recording data;
the data are as follows:
the invention discloses an explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method, which is a disposal method comprising the steps of preparing aluminum ash powder, adding materials and water, mixing and pulping, adding a medicament A for carrying out fluorine removal through a secondary reaction, discharging materials after fluoride detection is qualified, adding a medicament B for removing ammonia through a secondary reaction, adding a medicament C for adjusting PH, carrying out filter pressing and dehydration, and refluxing filtrate to a reservoir for cyclic utilization, so that aluminum powder slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the explosion-proof problem of waste gases such as ammonia gas, hydrogen gas and the like can be effectively solved; in a word, the explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless treatment method disclosed by the invention is used for reacting at normal temperature, does not need heating by a heat source, is easy to purchase medicines, is low in treatment cost, and is safe and reliable in steps, and explosive gas hydrogen released in the reaction is specially treated.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An explosion-proof aluminum ash harmless disposal method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
aluminum powder mixing and pulping:
the aluminum ash enters a No. 1 reaction tank through a material receiving machine, a lifting machine and a metering bin, and water in a reservoir is injected into the No. 1 reaction tank through a circulating pump;
adding a medicament A for one-time reaction to remove fluorine:
the method comprises the following steps that a medicine A is added into a slurry dissolving tank on one side of a No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to a No. 2 reaction tank through a transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and a solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through a medicine A pump by the slurry dissolving tank;
adding a medicine B for secondary reaction to remove ammonia:
the method comprises the following steps that a medicine B is added into a slurry dissolving tank on one side of a No. 1 reaction tank, the slurry is conveyed to a No. 2 reaction tank through a transfer pump by the No. 1 reaction tank, and a solution is conveyed to the No. 2 reaction tank through a medicine B pump by the slurry dissolving tank;
adding medicine C to adjust the pH value:
when the pH value of the filtrate exceeds 9, adding a medicament C to adjust the pH value of the filtrate to 7-8, and discharging the filtrate in the process;
and (3) filter pressing and dewatering:
waste gas generated by the No. 2 reaction tank is absorbed by a No. 2 absorption tower, the slurry is injected into a buffer tank by the No. 2 reaction tank, the slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation by a filter press, solid objects are discharged, liquid objects are injected into a reservoir for recycling, the waste gas generated by the buffer tank and the filter press is absorbed by a No. 3 absorption tower, the waste gas generated by a slurry melting tank and a storage tank is absorbed and discharged by a No. 4 absorption tower, the moisture content of a filter cake is 20-35%, and the filter cake is periodically transported out of a warehouse by an automobile.
2. The method for harmlessly treating explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: a4 # absorption tower and a 3# absorption tower are respectively arranged in the slurry melting tank, the reaction tank and the buffer tank, and a large-air-volume gas replacement and washing device is arranged in the slurry melting tank, the reaction tank and the buffer tank to replace gas in the tanks and quickly discharge inflammable and explosive gas.
3. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: water in the cistern passes through the circulating pump and carries water to 1# reaction tank in the pipeline, and this pipeline is equipped with the branch pipe, and the water source pours into two thick liquid tanks and storage tanks into respectively through the branch pipe.
4. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the medicine A is calcium hypochlorite, calcium chloride or calcium hydroxide, the medicine B is aluminum sulfate, and the medicine C is hydrochloric acid.
5. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 3, wherein: wherein the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the medicine C is 20-30%.
6. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the No. 1 absorption tower, the No. 2 absorption tower, the No. 3 absorption tower and the No. 4 absorption tower are respectively provided with a hydrogen remover at a waste gas inlet, and the waste gas enters the absorption tower after being purified by the hydrogen removers and is discharged at an exhaust funnel.
7. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: stirring paddles are arranged in the No. 1 reaction tank and the No. 2 reaction tank.
8. The method for harmlessly treating the explosion-proof aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ratio of the aluminum ash to the water in the No. 1 reaction tank is 1: 3-10.
9. The method for detoxifying explosion-proof aluminum ash according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: and stirring the No. 1 reaction tank for 30-120 min.
10. The method for detoxifying explosion-proof aluminum ash according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein: and reacting for 2-24 h in the No. 2 reaction tank.
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