CN111420526B - Application method of low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a use method of a low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas, which comprises the following steps: opening a quartz tube of the low-temperature plasma reaction device, filling a catalyst into the quartz tube, placing the quartz tube into an insulating layer after filling, and coating Mn-Al in the wall of a gas outlet of the low-temperature plasma reaction device2O3A catalyst coating; the method integrates the accurate control of gas flow, the high-efficiency pretreatment of low-temperature plasma and the high-efficiency reaction of gas-liquid-solid three phases, and has the obvious advantages of secondary pollution control, high control precision, excellent safety performance, high automation degree and the like. The reaction system utilizes the PLC to dynamically adjust parameters such as discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and the like according to real-time data feedback, can effectively improve the pollutant treatment precision and efficiency, solves the secondary pollution influence, reduces the operation cost and the system energy consumption, realizes the automation of the system, and obviously improves the treatment capacity of waste gas and pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental pollution treatment, in particular to a use method of a low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system.
Background
With the coming out of the atmospheric pollution control scheme in 2017 of the city of 2+26, among factors influencing atmospheric pollution, SO is2、NOxThe discharge amount of pollutants such as dust particles decreases year by year, but as PM2.5Precursor ofAnd Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that cause photochemical smog phenomena are increasing in emissions. VOCs can cause photochemical smog and PM is generated at the same time2.5The primary precursor of (a). It is the main pollution factor of waste gas emission in the processes of petrochemical industry, coating, printing, electronic manufacturing, transportation and various chemical industry production. Organic waste gas treatment technologies are mainly classified into two categories: one is a recovery method and the other is a cancellation method. The common VOCs odor degradation technologies include combustion, photocatalysis, biological methods, plasma technologies and the like. The adsorption concentration and heat storage catalytic combustion (RCO) technology is mostly adopted abroad, the purification efficiency is high, the operation is stable, but the equipment cost is higher. The plasma technology has the advantages of simple equipment for degrading organic waste gas, convenient management, easy generation of secondary pollution and incomplete degradation of target pollutants.
The low-temperature plasma method is characterized in that organic gas molecules are bombarded repeatedly at high speed according to plasmas generated by dielectric discharge, so that chemical bonds among molecules are broken, macromolecules are changed into small molecules, and the small molecules are decomposed into common CO finally2And H2And O. The mechanism of this technology is still not thoroughly studied, and therefore, there is a difficulty in developing a plasma device suitable for organic waste gas treatment, and the purification efficiency of this technology is not ideal. The biological method is that the microorganism utilizes the organic matter in the waste gas to carry out autometabolism, one part is assimilated into the component of the cell, and the other part is dissimilated into CO2And H2O thereby obtaining energy and indirectly realizing VOCsA method for efficient processing. The common technologies of biological treatment include biological trickling filtration, biological filtration and biological filter, the degradation of microorganisms to organic pollutants is relatively thorough, secondary pollution is avoided, the safety is good, the investment and the cost required by later operation are low, but the conditions of filler blockage and the like can exist in the later operation.
At present, a plurality of inventions for degrading organic waste gas based on low-temperature plasma or biological method are granted at home and abroad. An authority publication No. CN103585880A discloses a variable diameter bio-trickling filter device for treating gas. The method provided by the patent aims at the existing bio-trickling filter deviceThe device can save the filler, make the gas-liquid distribution accord with the biomass change rule, reduce cost, and the device still supports online monitoring instrument in addition, and intelligent control degree is high, has characteristics such as operation management convenience. However, effective solutions are not provided for technical short boards for treating the pollutants difficult to degrade by a biological method, and comprehensive treatment of all process parameters by an intelligent control system is not realized, so that the cooperative regulation among system units is realized. The publication No. CN102059047A discloses a method and a device for treating refractory organic waste gas by combining low-temperature plasma and biological phase. The method provided by the patent aims at the difficult-to-biodegrade organic compounds (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon, heterocyclic compounds, organic nitrile compounds and the like) in the industries of coking, printing and dyeing, spraying, slaughtering and chemical industry, and the difficult-to-biodegrade organic compounds in the waste gas can be treated by the low-temperature plasma reactor and the biological treatment reactor, so that the total purification efficiency can reach over 90 percent on the premise of relatively low investment and operation cost. But it does not react to secondary contaminants O generated during low temperature plasma operation3Control measures are proposed which may have a negative effect on the proper functioning of the subsequent biological process. In addition, due to the sensitivity of microorganisms in the biodegradation system, the patent does not propose the precise control of each parameter in the operation process of the technology, which has positive significance on the stability of the long-term operation of the system.
In conclusion, based on the fact that the problems existing in the respective operation processes of the low-temperature plasma and the biological method have high complementarity, the low-temperature plasma can be used as a pretreatment technology of the biological method to be combined into a set of organic waste gas treatment technology with strong competitiveness, so that the problems of low purification efficiency and incomplete degradation products of the low-temperature plasma technology can be solved, the biological method can effectively treat macromolecular organic matters difficult to degrade, the gas-liquid-solid mass transfer efficiency in the bioreactor is greatly enhanced, the control precision is improved, and the pollutant degradation efficiency is effectively improved. Therefore, the development and design of a reaction system which has high reaction precision, stable operation, no secondary pollution and high degradation efficiency on the premise of efficiently degrading organic waste gas, odor and other waste gases has important practical significance, and the innovation capability of the manufacturing industry of the environment-friendly equipment in China is enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the existing VOCs degradation technology and deodorization technology in the background technology, the invention provides a low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas and a using method thereof, which can automatically and accurately adjust parameters such as discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and the like, improve the flue gas treatment efficiency, and further achieve the purposes of optimizing and automating the system process and improving the pollutant treatment efficiency.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas comprises a gas path control unit, a low-temperature plasma reaction device, a process parameter monitoring auxiliary system and a biological trickling filter reaction device, wherein the gas path control unit is connected with the low-temperature plasma reaction device, the low-temperature plasma reaction device is connected with the biological trickling filter reaction device, and the gas path control unit, the low-temperature plasma reaction device and the biological trickling filter reaction device are connected and respectively connected with the process parameter monitoring auxiliary system.
The gas path control unit comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve (1), a mass flowmeter (2), a temperature sensor (7), a pressure drop sensor (8) and a gas leakage sensor (9); wherein, the three-way electromagnetic valve (1), the mass flowmeter (2), the temperature sensor (7), the pressure drop sensor (8) and the gas leakage sensor (9) are sequentially arranged on the (input type) first gas path pipeline from front to back, and the gas leakage sensor (9) is closest to the gas inlet (10) of the reaction system; the first gas circuit pipeline transmits waste gas into the low-temperature plasma reaction device through a gas inlet (10); the mass flow meter (2) is used for accurately controlling the flow of the waste gas to be treated entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device, the adjustment of the mass flow meter is controlled by a PLC (3) of the process parameter monitoring auxiliary system, and the PLC (3) is powered by a 45W monorail power supply (6).
Preferably, the low-temperature plasma reaction device comprises a gas inlet (10), a sealing gasket (11), an insulating layer (12), a stainless steel discharge electrode (13), a quartz tube (14), a gas outlet (15), a high-voltage power supply (16), and Mn-Al2O3A catalyst coating layer (29) and a catalyst loading layer (30); the two side ends of the quartz tube (14) are respectivelyThe gas-insulated quartz tube is provided with a gas inlet (10) and a gas outlet (15), one end of a quartz tube (14) close to the gas inlet (10) is provided with a sealing gasket (11), the outside of the quartz tube (14) is wrapped by an insulating layer (12), a stainless steel discharge electrode (13) is arranged inside the quartz tube (14), and the stainless steel discharge electrode (13) is connected with a high-voltage power supply (16); the catalyst filling layer (30) is arranged in the center of the quartz tube (14), and the catalyst filling layer (30) is arranged around the stainless steel discharge electrode (13); Mn-Al arranged inside the pipe wall of the gas outlet (15)2O3The catalyst coating (29) is used for reducing ozone (O) generated by the low-temperature plasma reaction device3)。
Specifically, Mn-Al at ordinary temperature2O3The catalyst coating (29) reduces ozone (O) generated by the low-temperature plasma reaction device3) To reduce secondary pollution and to control its effect on microbial growth in a biological trickling filtration tower (25).
The high-voltage power supply (16) generates 10kV-30kV high-voltage discharge in the quartz tube (14) through the stainless steel discharge electrode (13), and can ionize gas molecules in the air of the quartz tube (14) to generate strong oxidizing groups including electrons, ions and free radicals; therefore, the high-voltage discharge can excite the catalyst in the catalyst filling layer (30) in the quartz tube (14), so that the primary decomposition of the VOCs organic matters which are difficult to degrade is realized, and the subsequent thorough degradation of the VOCs is facilitated.
Preferably, the biological trickling filtration reaction device comprises a booster fan (18), a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19), a packing layer (20), a storage tank circulating nutrient solution outlet (21), a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22), a metering pump (23), a liquid rotameter (24) and a biological trickling filtration tower (25); a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device is connected with one end of a booster fan (18), and the other end of the booster fan (18) is connected with a biological trickling filter (25); the biological trickling filtration tower (25) comprises a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19), a packing layer (20) and a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) from top to bottom respectively, and specifically, the packing layer (20) is arranged in the middle of the biological trickling filtration tower (25), the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is arranged at the bottom, and the circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19) is arranged at the upper part; the top of the bio-trickling filter (25) is connected with a tail gas outlet valve (27); the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is connected with the dosing pump (26), and a circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) is arranged on the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22); a circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) of the storage tank is connected with a second output pipeline, a metering pump (23) and a liquid rotameter (24) are sequentially arranged on the second output pipeline from bottom to top, and the output end of the second output pipeline is connected with a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19);
wherein, the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is used for storing the circulating nutrient solution, and silicon oil and nutrient substances required by microorganisms are prepared in the circulating nutrient solution according to a certain proportion and used for maintaining the growth of the microorganisms in the biomembrane; the pressure adjustment of the packing layer (20) is automatically controlled by a PLC (3); the tail gas outlet valve (27) is connected with a four-way electromagnetic valve (28) and then is discharged through the gas online analyzer (5); and a tee joint positioned on a first gas path pipeline between the mass flow meter (2) and the temperature sensor (7) and a tee joint positioned on a second gas path pipeline between a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device and the booster fan (18) are respectively connected to a four-way electromagnetic valve (28) to serve as emergency bypasses in emergency situations. Wherein the maximum wind speed of the booster fan (18) is 10000m3And h (2-3 devices can be arranged in parallel).
The height of the biological trickling filter tower (25) is 8-12m, the diameter of the tower is 2-4m, the wall thickness of the reaction tower is 8mm, and the filling amount of the filler is 2/3 of the effective volume of the biological trickling filter tower (25). The pipe diameters of an inlet and an outlet on the biological trickling filter tower (25) and an inlet and an outlet of the circulating nutrient solution are both 150 mm. The maximum flow rate of the dosing pump (26) is 0.1-0.4m/s (2 units are configured for one use and one standby). The maximum flow rate of the metering pump (23) is 0.8-1.6m/s (2-3 metering pumps can be configured).
Preferably, the auxiliary system for monitoring the process parameters comprises a PLC (3), a PC (4) and an online gas analyzer (5), wherein the PLC (3) is connected with the PC (4); the three-way electromagnetic valve (1), the booster fan (18), the metering pump (23) and the pressure drop sensor (8) are all connected with the PLC (3) through data lines, and the operation of the three-way electromagnetic valve is controlled and regulated by the PLC (3); the waste gas inlet data and the tail gas outlet data of the biological trickling filter (25) are analyzed by the gas online analyzer (5) and are sent to the PLC (3) in real time; data obtained by detection of the gas online analyzer (5) and data obtained by the pressure drop sensor (8) are transmitted to the PLC (3), the PLC (3) comprehensively processes the received data, and then sends instructions to the high-voltage power supply (16) to adjust discharge voltage, sends instructions to the flow meter (2) to adjust the total inlet flow of the system, sends signals to the booster fan (18) to adjust the inlet flow of the biological trickling filter tower (25), and sends signals to the metering pump (23) to adjust the circulating nutrient solution spraying amount of the biological trickling filter tower (25), namely, discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and mass transfer rate parameters are adjusted, so that the pollutant treatment efficiency is improved, and automatic operation of the system is realized.
Wherein, the memory of the PLC (3) is at least 8M, the I/O processing capacity of a single CPU is not lower than 300 AI/AO points and 800 DI/DO points, and at least 48h of data is stored; the CPU main frequency of the PC (4) is more than or equal to 3.2GHz, the memory is more than or equal to 2GB, the hard disk is more than or equal to 256GB, and the display card is more than or equal to 1G for independent display.
The invention also provides a use method of the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating the organic waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
step a, opening a quartz tube (14) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device, filling a catalyst into the quartz tube, placing the quartz tube (14) into an insulating layer (12) after filling, and coating Mn-Al in the wall of a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device2O3A catalyst coating (29);
b, arranging a filler in a filler layer (20) in the biological trickling filter (25), and simultaneously adding prepared nutrient solution; a metering pump (23) is opened, the biological trickling filtration tower (25) adopts a counter-flow operation, the spraying amount of the nutrient solution and the absorbent is controlled by a liquid flow meter (24), and the nutrient solution and the absorbent are sprayed into a filler layer (20) from a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19); inoculating the strains domesticated and cultured in advance into a biological trickling filter (25), and performing biofilm formation by adopting a rapid sludge discharge method;
c, supplementing corresponding absorbents into the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) by the circulating nutrient solution containing the silicone oil with different proportions through a dosing pump (26), wherein the height of the circulating nutrient solution in the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is not less than 1/3 multiplied by h and not more than 2/3 multiplied by h, wherein h is the height of the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22);
d, in the operation process of the reaction system, the circulating nutrient solution is output from a storage tank circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) of a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) at the bottom of the biological trickling filter (25);
waste gas to be treated is input into the biological trickling filter (25) through the booster fan (18) to form air flow, the air flow and the circulating nutrient solution do countercurrent motion in the biological trickling filter (25), and a large-surface-area water film is formed on the surface of the packing layer (20), so that the mass transfer efficiency and the pollutant degradation efficiency are improved;
the waste gas is discharged from a tail gas outlet valve (27) positioned at the top of the biotrickling filter (25) after being reacted and treated by the biotrickling filter (25);
step e, after the waste gas passes through the reaction system, automatically setting the range and the liquid-gas ratio of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device to be regulated and executing regulation by detecting the resistance of the whole reaction system, the temperature of the waste gas and the concentration of tail gas;
step f, the mass flow meter (2) transmits the flow of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device and feeds the flow back to the PLC (3), so that the influence of the sudden change of the flow on the low-temperature plasma reaction device is prevented, and related data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); the metering pump (23) transmits the flow of the circulating nutrient solution entering the biological trickling filter (25) and feeds the circulating nutrient solution back to the PLC (3), and relevant data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); when the PLC (3) collects that the concentration of pollutants in the tail gas monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) is too high, the mass flow meter (2) is fed back to change the flow of the inlet gas or adjust the flow of the metering pump (23), the tail gas data is monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) to realize liquid-gas ratio rebalancing, and the relevant data is recorded and displayed on the PC (4).
Preferably, the specific implementation manner of step e is: pressure data in quartz capsule (14) and bio-trickling filter (25) that pressure drop sensor (8) received are passed to PLC (3), PLC (3) will receive simultaneously the gas on-line analysis appearance (5) data integrated processing back that obtains, PLC (3) send and adjust the signal of telecommunication to mass flow meter (2), mass flow meter (2) adjust behind the inflow data with data feedback to PLC (3), PLC (3) send after mass flow meter (2) data processing and adjust the signal of telecommunication to measuring pump (23) regulation circulation nutrient solution flow, adjust liquid-gas ratio parameter promptly.
Preferably, the pressure drop sensor (8) controls the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) to make the liquid-gas ratio be 4:1-5:1 when the pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the biological trickling filter (25) is not more than 1000 Pa;
when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) of 1000-1800Pa, the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2.5:1-3.5: 1;
when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of 1800 and 2500Pa of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25), the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2:1-3:1, and fine adjustment is slightly carried out according to actual working conditions during operation.
Preferably, the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants detected by the gas online analyzer (5) is not more than 300 mg-m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 3 kV; the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants is not more than 800 mg.m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 7 kV; the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants is not more than 1200 mg.m-3And when the high-voltage power supply (16) is in operation, the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 11kV, and the high-voltage power supply is slightly finely adjusted according to the actual working condition.
Preferably, the concentration of VOCs in the exhaust gas does not exceed 1800mg/m3(ii) a The pressure drop in the reaction system is not more than 3000 Pa; maximum air volume 10000m for waste gas treatment3H; the reaction temperature condition is not more than 80 ℃; outlet ozone O3The concentration is not more than 15 ppm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the reaction system mainly comprises a gas circuit control unit, a low-temperature plasma reaction device, a process parameter monitoring auxiliary system and a biotrickling filter reaction device; the gas flow is accurately controlled, the low-temperature plasma high-efficiency pretreatment and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase high-efficiency reaction are integrated, and the secondary pollution (O) is controlled3) The system has the obvious advantages of high control precision, excellent safety performance, high automation degree and the like. Overcomes the defects of incomplete degradation of low-temperature plasma products, low pollutant load of a biological method and the like, and exerts respective advantages. Generally, the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas utilizes the PLC to dynamically adjust parameters such as discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and the like automatically and accurately according to real-time data feedback, can effectively improve the pollutant treatment precision and efficiency, solves the secondary pollution influence, and reduces the transportationThe cost and the energy consumption of the system are realized, the automation of the system is realized, and the treatment capacity of waste gas and pollutants is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention;
the figures are labeled as: three-way solenoid valve (1), mass flow meter (2), PLC (3), PC 4), gaseous on-line analysis appearance (5), 45W monorail power supply (6), temperature sensor (7), pressure drop sensor (8), gas leakage sensor (9), gas inlet (10), sealed pad (11), insulating layer (12), stainless steel discharge electrode (13), quartz capsule (14), gas outlet (15), high voltage power supply (16), temperature sensor (17), booster fan (18), circulation nutrient solution spraying opening (19), packing layer (20), storage tank circulation nutrient solution export (21), circulation nutrient solution storage tank (22), measuring pump (23), liquid rotor flow meter (24), biological trickling filter tower (25), dosing pump (26), tail gas outlet valve (27), four-way solenoid valve (28), Mn-Al2O3A catalyst coating layer (29) and a catalyst loading layer (30).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments:
shown in the attached figure 1
Example 1:
the invention provides a low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas, which comprises a gas path control unit, a low-temperature plasma reaction device, a process parameter monitoring auxiliary system and a biological trickling filter reaction device, wherein the gas path control unit is connected with the low-temperature plasma reaction device, the low-temperature plasma reaction device is connected with the biological trickling filter reaction device, and the gas path control unit, the low-temperature plasma reaction device and the biological trickling filter reaction device are respectively connected with the process parameter monitoring auxiliary system.
The gas path control unit comprises a three-way electromagnetic valve (1), a mass flowmeter (2), a temperature sensor (7), a pressure drop sensor (8) and a gas leakage sensor (9); wherein, the three-way electromagnetic valve (1), the mass flowmeter (2), the temperature sensor (7), the pressure drop sensor (8) and the gas leakage sensor (9) are sequentially arranged on the (input type) first gas path pipeline from front to back, and the gas leakage sensor (9) is closest to the gas inlet (10) of the reaction system;
the first gas circuit pipeline transmits waste gas into the low-temperature plasma reaction device through a gas inlet (10);
the mass flow meter (2) is used for accurately controlling the flow of the waste gas to be treated entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device, the adjustment of the mass flow meter is controlled by a PLC (3) of the process parameter monitoring auxiliary system, and the PLC (3) is powered by a 45W monorail power supply (6).
The low-temperature plasma reaction device comprises a gas inlet (10), a sealing gasket (11), an insulating layer (12), a stainless steel discharge electrode (13), a quartz tube (14), a gas outlet (15), a high-voltage power supply (16), and Mn-Al2O3A catalyst coating layer (29) and a catalyst loading layer (30); a gas inlet (10) and a gas outlet (15) are respectively arranged at two side ends of a quartz tube (14), a sealing gasket (11) is arranged at one end of the quartz tube (14) close to the gas inlet (10), an insulating layer (12) is wrapped outside the quartz tube (14), a stainless steel discharge electrode (13) is arranged inside the quartz tube (14), and the stainless steel discharge electrode (13) is connected with a high-voltage power supply (16); the catalyst filling layer (30) is arranged in the center of the quartz tube (14), and the catalyst filling layer (30) is arranged around the stainless steel discharge electrode (13); Mn-Al arranged inside the pipe wall of the gas outlet (15)2O3The catalyst coating (29) is used for reducing ozone (O) generated by the low-temperature plasma reaction device3)。
Specifically, Mn-Al at ordinary temperature2O3The catalyst coating (29) reduces ozone (O) generated by the low-temperature plasma reaction device3) To reduce secondary pollution and to control its effect on microbial growth in a biological trickling filtration tower (25).
The high-voltage power supply (16) generates 10kV-30kV high-voltage discharge in the quartz tube (14) through the stainless steel discharge electrode (13), and can ionize gas molecules in the air of the quartz tube (14) to generate strong oxidizing groups including electrons, ions and free radicals; therefore, the high-voltage discharge can excite the catalyst in the catalyst filling layer (30) in the quartz tube (14), so that the primary decomposition of the VOCs organic matters which are difficult to degrade is realized, and the subsequent thorough degradation of the VOCs is facilitated.
The biological trickling filter reaction device comprises a booster fan (18), a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19), a packing layer (20), a storage tank circulating nutrient solution outlet (21), a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22), a metering pump (23), a liquid rotameter (24) and a biological trickling filter tower (25); a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device is connected with one end of a booster fan (18), and the other end of the booster fan (18) is connected with a biological trickling filter (25); the biological trickling filtration tower (25) comprises a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19), a packing layer (20) and a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) from top to bottom respectively, and specifically, the packing layer (20) is arranged in the middle of the biological trickling filtration tower (25), the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is arranged at the bottom, and the circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19) is arranged at the upper part; the top of the bio-trickling filter (25) is connected with a tail gas outlet valve (27); the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is connected with the dosing pump (26), and a circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) is arranged on the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22); a circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) of the storage tank is connected with a second output pipeline, a metering pump (23) and a liquid rotameter (24) are sequentially arranged on the second output pipeline from bottom to top, and the output end of the second output pipeline is connected with a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19);
wherein, the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is used for storing the circulating nutrient solution, and silicon oil and nutrient substances required by microorganisms are prepared in the circulating nutrient solution according to a certain proportion and used for maintaining the growth of the microorganisms in the biomembrane; the pressure adjustment of the packing layer (20) is automatically controlled by a PLC (3); the tail gas outlet valve (27) is connected with a four-way electromagnetic valve (28) and then is discharged through the gas online analyzer (5); and a tee joint positioned on a first gas path pipeline between the mass flow meter (2) and the temperature sensor (7) and a tee joint positioned on a second gas path pipeline between a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device and the booster fan (18) are respectively connected to a four-way electromagnetic valve (28) to serve as emergency bypasses in emergency situations. Wherein the maximum wind speed of the booster fan (18) is 10000m3And h (2-3 devices can be arranged in parallel).
The height of the biological trickling filter tower (25) is 8-12m, the diameter of the tower is 2-4m, the wall thickness of the reaction tower is 8mm, and the filling amount of the filler is 2/3 of the effective volume of the biological trickling filter tower (25). The pipe diameters of an inlet and an outlet on the biological trickling filter tower (25) and an inlet and an outlet of the circulating nutrient solution are both 150 mm. The maximum flow rate of the dosing pump (26) is 0.1-0.4m/s (2 units are configured for one use and one standby). The maximum flow rate of the metering pump (23) is 0.8-1.6m/s (2-3 metering pumps can be configured).
The process parameter monitoring auxiliary system comprises a PLC (3), a PC (4) and a gas online analyzer (5), wherein the PLC (3) is connected with the PC (4); the three-way electromagnetic valve (1), the booster fan (18), the metering pump (23) and the pressure drop sensor (8) are all connected with the PLC (3) through data lines, and the operation of the three-way electromagnetic valve is controlled and regulated by the PLC (3); the waste gas inlet data and the tail gas outlet data of the biological trickling filter (25) are analyzed by the gas online analyzer (5) and are sent to the PLC (3) in real time; data obtained by detection of the gas online analyzer (5) and data obtained by the pressure drop sensor (8) are transmitted to the PLC (3), the PLC (3) comprehensively processes the received data, and then sends instructions to the high-voltage power supply (16) to adjust discharge voltage, sends instructions to the flow meter (2) to adjust the total inlet flow of the system, sends signals to the booster fan (18) to adjust the inlet flow of the biological trickling filter tower (25), and sends signals to the metering pump (23) to adjust the circulating nutrient solution spraying amount of the biological trickling filter tower (25), namely, discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and mass transfer rate parameters are adjusted, so that the pollutant treatment efficiency is improved, and automatic operation of the system is realized.
Wherein, the memory of the PLC (3) is at least 8M, the I/O processing capacity of a single CPU is not lower than 300 AI/AO points and 800 DI/DO points, and at least 48h of data is stored; the CPU main frequency of the PC (4) is more than or equal to 3.2GHz, the memory is more than or equal to 2GB, the hard disk is more than or equal to 256GB, and the display card is more than or equal to 1G for independent display.
Example 2:
the invention also provides a use method of the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating the organic waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
step a, opening a quartz tube (14) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device, filling a catalyst into the quartz tube, placing the quartz tube (14) into an insulating layer (12) after filling, and coating Mn-Al in the wall of a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device2O3A catalyst coating (29);
b, arranging a filler in a filler layer (20) in the biological trickling filter (25), and simultaneously adding prepared nutrient solution; a metering pump (23) is opened, the biological trickling filtration tower (25) adopts a counter-flow operation, the spraying amount of the nutrient solution and the absorbent is controlled by a liquid flow meter (24), and the nutrient solution and the absorbent are sprayed into a filler layer (20) from a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19); inoculating the strains domesticated and cultured in advance into a biological trickling filter (25), and performing biofilm formation by adopting a rapid sludge discharge method;
c, supplementing corresponding absorbents into the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) by the circulating nutrient solution containing the silicone oil with different proportions through a dosing pump (26), wherein the height of the circulating nutrient solution in the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is not less than 1/3 multiplied by h and not more than 2/3 multiplied by h, wherein h is the height of the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22);
d, in the operation process of the reaction system, the circulating nutrient solution is output from a storage tank circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) of a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) at the bottom of the biological trickling filter (25);
waste gas to be treated is input into the biological trickling filter (25) through the booster fan (18) to form air flow, the air flow and the circulating nutrient solution do countercurrent motion in the biological trickling filter (25), and a large-surface-area water film is formed on the surface of the packing layer (20), so that the mass transfer efficiency and the pollutant degradation efficiency are improved;
the waste gas is discharged from a tail gas outlet valve (27) positioned at the top of the biotrickling filter (25) after being reacted and treated by the biotrickling filter (25);
step e, after the waste gas passes through the reaction system, automatically setting the range and the liquid-gas ratio of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device to be regulated and executing regulation by detecting the resistance of the whole reaction system, the temperature of the waste gas and the concentration of tail gas;
the specific implementation mode is as follows: pressure data in quartz capsule (14) and bio-trickling filter (25) that pressure drop sensor (8) received are passed to PLC (3), PLC (3) will receive simultaneously the gas on-line analysis appearance (5) data integrated processing back that obtains, PLC (3) send and adjust the signal of telecommunication to mass flow meter (2), mass flow meter (2) adjust behind the inflow data with data feedback to PLC (3), PLC (3) send after mass flow meter (2) data processing and adjust the signal of telecommunication to measuring pump (23) regulation circulation nutrient solution flow, adjust liquid-gas ratio parameter promptly.
Step f, the mass flow meter (2) transmits the flow of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device and feeds the flow back to the PLC (3), so that the influence of the sudden change of the flow on the low-temperature plasma reaction device is prevented, and related data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); the metering pump (23) transmits the flow of the circulating nutrient solution entering the biological trickling filter (25) and feeds the circulating nutrient solution back to the PLC (3), and relevant data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); when the PLC (3) collects that the concentration of pollutants in the tail gas monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) is too high, the mass flow meter (2) is fed back to change the flow of the inlet gas or adjust the flow of the metering pump (23), the tail gas data is monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) to realize liquid-gas ratio rebalancing, and the relevant data is recorded and displayed on the PC (4).
When the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) which are not more than 1000Pa, the mass flowmeter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 4:1-5: 1;
when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) of 1000-1800Pa, the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2.5:1-3.5: 1;
when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of 1800 and 2500Pa of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25), the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2:1-3:1, and fine adjustment is slightly carried out according to actual working conditions during operation.
The concentration data of the tail gas pollutants detected by the gas on-line analyzer (5) is not more than 300 mg.m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 3 kV; the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants is not more than 800 mg.m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 7 kV; the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants is not more than 1200 mg.m-3And when the high-voltage power supply (16) is in operation, the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 11kV, and the high-voltage power supply is slightly finely adjusted according to the actual working condition.
The concentration of VOCs in the waste gas is not more than 1800mg/m3(ii) a The pressure drop in the reaction system is not more than 3000 Pa; maximum air volume 10000m for waste gas treatment3H; the reaction temperature condition is not more than 80 ℃; outlet ozone O3The concentration is not more than 15 ppm.
Plasma reaction:
e-+O2→O·+O·
O·+O2→O3
C6H5Cl+O·(O3)→CO2+CXHYCl+CO+CnHm+H2O
C6H5Cl+·OH→CXHYCl+CnHm+CO+CO2+H2O
biological reaction:
C6H5Cl+H2O+7O2→6CO2+3H2O+HCl
the installation and debugging of the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating the organic waste gas comprises the following steps:
(a) installing a layer of filler particles (20) into a bio-trickling filter (25);
(b) filling a catalyst in the catalyst filling layer (30) in the quartz tube (14);
(c) starting the PLC (3) and the data line, checking the state of each device connected with the PLC and debugging the signal response condition;
(d) a sealing test is carried out, and the air leakage condition of the system is checked within a wider operating parameter range;
(e) starting a high-voltage power supply (16) to debug the plasma discharge effect;
(f) and adjusting the change of related parameters in the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system to achieve the optimal working condition.
Dynamic organic waste gas purification treatment:
application example 1
Introducing the chlorobenzene-containing waste gas into a low-temperature plasma reaction device at normal temperature, wherein the residence time is 5.5s, the oxygen concentration is 10 percent, the discharge voltage is 7kV, and the inlet concentration is 100 mg.m-3The degradation efficiency can reach 92 percent, and the import concentration is 1500 mg.m-3The degradation efficiency was only 41%. The concentration at the inlet is 700 mg.m-3During the operation, after 60 days of continuous operation, the average removal efficiency can also reach 80 percent, the average resistance in the reaction system is 890Pa, and the system outlet O3The concentration was 9. + -. 2 ppm.
Application example 2
At normal temperature, the waste gas containing chlorobenzene stays in the low-temperature plasma-biological reaction device for 40s, the oxygen concentration is 10 percent, and the concentration at the chlorobenzene inlet is 300 mg.m-3、600mg·m-3And 1000 mg.m-3Then, after 45 days of continuous operation, the average outlet concentration of chlorobenzene in the low-temperature plasma-biological reaction device was 46mg m-3、65mg·m-3And 82 mg.m-3Average resistance in the reaction system is 750Pa, and the system outlet is O3The concentration was 5. + -. 2 ppm.
Application example 3
Introducing the chlorobenzene-containing waste gas into a low-temperature plasma-biological reaction device at normal temperature, controlling the total retention time to be 35s, the oxygen concentration to be 10 percent, the discharge voltage to be 7kV, and the concentration to be 300 mg.m at a chlorobenzene inlet-3、600mg·m-3And 1000 mg.m-3When the reactor is continuously operated for 30 days, the degradation efficiency is 81 percent, 87 percent and 88 percent respectively, the average total resistance of a reaction system is 1120Pa, and the system outlet O3The concentration was 11. + -. 3 ppm.
The reaction system mainly comprises a gas circuit control unit, a low-temperature plasma reaction device, a process parameter monitoring auxiliary system and a biotrickling filter reaction device; the gas flow is accurately controlled, the low-temperature plasma high-efficiency pretreatment and the gas-liquid-solid three-phase high-efficiency reaction are integrated, and the secondary pollution (O) is controlled3) The system has the obvious advantages of high control precision, excellent safety performance, high automation degree and the like. Overcomes the defects of incomplete degradation of low-temperature plasma products, low pollutant load of a biological method and the like, and exerts respective advantages. In general, the low-temperature plasma-biological integrated reaction system for treating organic waste gas provided by the invention utilizes the PLC (3) to dynamically adjust parameters such as discharge voltage, liquid-gas ratio and the like automatically and accurately according to real-time data feedback, so that the pollutant treatment precision and efficiency can be effectively improved, the secondary pollution influence is solved, the operation cost and the system energy consumption are reduced, the automation of the system is realized, and the waste gas and pollutant treatment capacity is obviously improved.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art should be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (3)
1. A method for using a low-temperature plasma-bio-integrated reaction system, comprising the steps of: step a, opening a quartz tube (14) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device, filling a catalyst into the quartz tube, placing the quartz tube (14) into an insulating layer (12) after filling, and coating Mn-Al in the wall of a gas outlet (15) of the low-temperature plasma reaction device2O3A catalyst coating (29); b, arranging a filler in a filler layer (20) in the biological trickling filter (25), and simultaneously adding prepared nutrient solution; a metering pump (23) is opened, the biological trickling filtration tower (25) adopts a counter-flow operation, the spraying amount of the nutrient solution and the absorbent is controlled by a liquid flow meter (24), and the nutrient solution and the absorbent are sprayed into a filler layer (20) from a circulating nutrient solution spraying port (19); inoculating the strains domesticated and cultured in advance into a biological trickling filter (25), and performing biofilm formation by adopting a rapid sludge discharge method; c, supplementing corresponding absorbents into the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) by the circulating nutrient solution containing the silicone oil with different proportions through a dosing pump (26), wherein the height of the circulating nutrient solution in the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) is not less than 1/3 multiplied by h and not more than 2/3 multiplied by h, wherein h is the height of the circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22); d, in the operation process of the reaction system, the circulating nutrient solution is output from a storage tank circulating nutrient solution outlet (21) of a circulating nutrient solution storage tank (22) at the bottom of the biological trickling filter (25); waste gas to be treated is input into the biological trickling filter (25) through the booster fan (18) to form air flow, the air flow and the circulating nutrient solution do countercurrent motion in the biological trickling filter (25), and a large-surface-area water film is formed on the surface of the packing layer (20), so that the mass transfer efficiency and the pollutant degradation efficiency are improved; the waste gas is discharged from a tail gas outlet valve (27) positioned at the top of the biotrickling filter (25) after being reacted and treated by the biotrickling filter (25); step e, after the waste gas passes through the reaction system, automatically setting the range and the liquid-gas ratio of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device to be regulated by detecting the resistance of the whole reaction system, the temperature of the waste gas and the concentration of tail gas and executingAdjusting; step f, the mass flow meter (2) transmits the flow of the waste gas entering the low-temperature plasma reaction device and feeds the flow back to the PLC (3), so that the influence of the sudden change of the flow on the low-temperature plasma reaction device is prevented, and related data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); the metering pump (23) transmits the flow of the circulating nutrient solution entering the biological trickling filter (25) and feeds the circulating nutrient solution back to the PLC (3), and relevant data are recorded and displayed on the PC (4); when the PLC (3) collects that the concentration of pollutants in the tail gas monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) is too high, the mass flow meter (2) is fed back to change the flow of the inlet gas or adjust the flow of the metering pump (23), the tail gas data is monitored by the gas online analyzer (5) to realize liquid-gas ratio rebalancing, and relevant data is recorded and displayed on the PC (4);
the concrete implementation manner of the step e is as follows: pressure data in the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) received by the pressure drop sensor (8) are transmitted to the PLC (3), the PLC (3) comprehensively processes data of the gas on-line analyzer (5) received at the same time, the PLC (3) transmits an adjusting electric signal to the mass flow meter (2), the mass flow meter (2) adjusts the air inflow rate and feeds back the data to the PLC (3), and the PLC (3) processes the data of the mass flow meter (2) and transmits the adjusting electric signal to the metering pump (23) to adjust the flow of the circulating nutrient solution, namely adjust the liquid-gas ratio parameter;
when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) which are not more than 1000Pa, the mass flowmeter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 4:1-5: 1; when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25) of 1000-1800Pa, the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2.5:1-3.5: 1; when the pressure drop sensor (8) receives pressure data of 1800 and 2500Pa of the quartz tube (14) and the bio-trickling filter (25), the mass flow meter (2) and the metering pump (23) are controlled to enable the liquid-gas ratio to be 2:1-3:1, and fine adjustment is slightly carried out according to actual working conditions during operation.
2. The use method of a low-temperature plasma-bio-integrated reaction system according to claim 1, wherein the gas on-line analyzer (5) detects the concentration data of the off-gas pollutants of not more than 300 mg-m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 3 kV; tailThe concentration data of the gas pollutants is not more than 800 mg.m-3When the voltage is higher than the discharge voltage of the high-voltage power supply (16), the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 7 kV; the concentration data of the tail gas pollutants is not more than 1200 mg.m-3And when the high-voltage power supply (16) is in operation, the discharge voltage is controlled to be not more than 11kV, and the high-voltage power supply is slightly finely adjusted according to the actual working condition.
3. The method of using a low temperature plasma-bio-integrated reaction system according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of VOCs in the exhaust gas is not more than 1800mg/m3(ii) a The pressure drop in the reaction system is not more than 3000 Pa; maximum air volume 10000m for waste gas treatment3H; the reaction temperature condition is not more than 80 ℃; outlet ozone O3The concentration is not more than 15 ppm.
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