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CN111406149A - Exhaust system for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust system for internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111406149A
CN111406149A CN201980006021.5A CN201980006021A CN111406149A CN 111406149 A CN111406149 A CN 111406149A CN 201980006021 A CN201980006021 A CN 201980006021A CN 111406149 A CN111406149 A CN 111406149A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
exhaust
gas purification
purification device
particle filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201980006021.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
B·马提诺维克
W·希泽
P·基斯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of CN111406149A publication Critical patent/CN111406149A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
    • F01N13/017—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/14—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for modifying or adapting flow area or back-pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
    • F01N2410/10—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device for reducing flow resistance, e.g. to obtain more engine power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/08—Gas passages being formed between the walls of an outer shell and an inner chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/0211—Arrangements for mounting filtering elements in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, wherein at least one first and one second exhaust gas purification device are provided in the exhaust system, wherein the first exhaust gas purification device is arranged upstream of the second exhaust gas purification device in the flow direction of the exhaust gas and can be traversed by the exhaust gas, and the second exhaust gas purification device can be traversed by the exhaust gas, wherein the first exhaust gas purification device has a perforation for the exhaust gas in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, which perforation is connected via an exhaust funnel to a flow cross section of the second exhaust gas purification device in a manner such that the exhaust gas is guided. The design of the exhaust system according to the invention makes it possible to increase the effective flow cross section of the first and second exhaust gas purification devices with the same overall volume.

Description

Exhaust system for internal combustion engine
Technical Field
The invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Background
In principle, particles, in particular soot particles, are produced in the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine when there is incomplete combustion and/or when the fuel-air mixture is not sufficiently prepared. One of the main reasons for this is that, in particular in direct-injection gasoline internal combustion engines, the atomization of the fuel is insufficient and therefore the combustion chamber walls are wetted with fuel or fuel droplets form on the cold combustion chamber walls.
Reducing the emission of ultrafine particles in the exhaust gas from a gasoline direct injection internal combustion engine is important primarily in terms of adverse health. Particles (nanoparticles) having a size of less than 0.1nm are referred to as ultrafine particles. Particles of said size are accessible to the alveoli
Figure BDA0002510381780000011
And can greatly affect lung function, weaken the cardiovascular system and thus cause severe limitation of body functions.
For this reason, it is expected that in the future it will be possible that direct injection gasoline internal combustion engines will be equipped with particulate filters in addition to diesel internal combustion engines in order to avoid damage to human health.
For example, german laid-open patent application DE102009058698a1 discloses an internal combustion engine having a combustion air supply system and an exhaust system, wherein the exhaust system has at least one exhaust gas line, in which a first particle filter is arranged and a second particle filter is arranged downstream. It is provided that the second particulate filter is assigned a differential pressure sensor in order to determine a differential pressure between a position upstream and a position downstream of the second particulate filter. The object of describing an internal combustion engine is achieved by the arrangement, wherein the efficiency of the soot particulate filter can be determined by means of the associated method.
With regard to the technical field, reference is further made to european patent document EP2710239B 1. From this document, an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine is known, which has an exhaust gas path with two parallel exhaust lines (a main line and a secondary line), which open out into a common exhaust line. An absorber for reversibly absorbing unburned Hydrocarbons (HC) and/or nitrogen oxides (NOx) is arranged in the secondary line, with a regulating device for selectively directing the exhaust gas flow in the primary line and/or in the secondary line and with a main catalyst arranged downstream of the parallel exhaust lines in a common exhaust line, wherein an exhaust-gas-permeable element of tubular construction is arranged upstream of the absorber, the downstream end of which is connected to an inlet opening located internally in the parallel exhaust line without an inner tube, which element supports the absorber and separates the parallel exhaust lines, and the element is provided with a plurality of through-openings for each exhaust gas flow, which separate the upstream end of the secondary line from the remaining region in which the exhaust gas flow is directed.
Furthermore, german patent application DE102016203369a1 discloses an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, which exhaust system has an exhaust pipe with a first longitudinal axis, which is connected to at least one exhaust gas outlet of the internal combustion engine in a manner leading to exhaust gas. A first exhaust gas purification device having a second longitudinal axis is arranged in the exhaust pipe, through which exhaust gas can flow largely parallel to the second longitudinal axis. The second longitudinal axis of the first exhaust gas purification device is arranged at an angle of between 60 ° and 120 ° to the first longitudinal axis of the exhaust pipe.
Furthermore, german laid-open patent application DE10329436a1 discloses an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, which has a first exhaust gas purification element through which exhaust gas can flow and a second exhaust gas purification element, which is in flow parallel to the first exhaust gas purification element and through which exhaust gas can flow, and a method for purifying an exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine, from which the invention is based. According to the invention, in the exhaust gas purification system the second exhaust gas purification element is spatially arranged behind the first exhaust gas purification element in such a way that a perpendicular projection of the gas outlet face of the first exhaust gas purification element at least partially covers the gas inlet face of the second exhaust gas purification element.
The use of gasoline particulate filters (OPFs) is required based on future legislation. Whereby the exhaust gas back pressure increases and whereby the power potential of the combustion engine decreases. The optimization objective is therefore to maximize the OPF cross-sectional area to minimize exhaust back pressure, taking into account the structural space available in the motor vehicle. A possibility to increase the effective OPF cross section is a parallel line (cascade) arranged one after the other. Here, the bypass tube is guided laterally past the OPF in order to connect the other respective OPFs.
This cascade has the following disadvantages:
the bypass guide consumes valuable OPF cross-section;
the exhaust gas mass flow can only be adjusted by reducing the cross-sectional area in the OPF or bypass;
in internal combustion engines with exhaust-gas turbochargers/catalysts, the cascaded OPFs can only be regulated as a one-piece component, which has application disadvantages;
the required soot formation requires an excess of oxygen and a sufficiently high unit temperature for the combustion of the soot. However, the bypass to the rear OPF promotes heat loss, so that the second OPF is always cooler than the first OPF; this results in uneven regeneration. In order to protect the components, it is necessary to start with the maximum soot loading in one of the OPFs, so that the internal combustion engine must be actively regenerated more frequently and/or the power of the internal combustion engine must be reduced earlier.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.
This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1.
According to the invention, the bypass exhaust gas mass flow of the second OPF does not pass laterally through the first OPF, but passes through the first OPF.
The cross section that is valuable for exhaust gas purification is advantageously not wasted, since the OPF wall is at the same time a bypass wall. Since there is no outward heat transfer, the temperatures of the first and second OPFs are virtually the same. The bypass exhaust mass flow of the second OPF is located inside the first OPF and its outlet flow. Thereby allowing adjustment as a whole component without having to make worst case observations.
Advantageous further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Thus, according to claims 2 and 3, the first and/or second exhaust gas cleaning device may have a circular or non-circular cross section and thus be adapted to the encapsulation.
In order to overcome thermal damage, according to claim 4, a venting funnel is supported in the slide in the perforation.
According to claim 5, a further improvement is achieved in that an exhaust pipe is arranged in the perforation and a fiber-like seal is arranged between the exhaust pipe and the first exhaust gas purification device.
Preferably, according to claims 6 and 7, the first exhaust gas purification device and the second exhaust gas purification device are particulate filters or a combination of a particulate filter and a three-way catalyst or a combination of a particulate filter and an NSC catalyst or a combination of a particulate filter and an NOx storage catalyst.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of four figures.
Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an exhaust system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through an exhaust apparatus according to the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section through an exhaust system according to the invention.
Fig. 4 again shows a vertical section through the exhaust apparatus according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The same reference numerals in fig. 1 to 4 below apply to the same components.
Fig. 1 shows a plan view of an exhaust system 1 according to the invention. An exhaust pipe 10 from an internal combustion engine, not shown, opens into a first canister (Canning) 9. The flow direction of the exhaust gas is indicated by the arrow on the first canister 9. In the flow direction of the exhaust gas, the first pot 9 opens into the second pot 8, and the exhaust gas then leaves the exhaust gas purification device via two exhaust pipes 10. The first exhaust gas purification device 2 is arranged in the first canister 9 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 is arranged in the second oblique canister 8. Instead of two exhaust pipes 10, only one single exhaust pipe 10 may be provided.
Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through an exhaust system 1 according to the invention. A vertical section through the exhaust system 1 according to the invention shows how the first exhaust gas purification device 2 is arranged in the first potting 9 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 is arranged in the second potting 8. The flow direction of the exhaust gas is again schematically shown by means of arrows. As described above, the first exhaust gas purification device 2 is provided upstream of the second exhaust gas purification device 3 in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The two exhaust gas purification devices 2, 3 can be traversed by the exhaust gas, wherein the second exhaust gas purification device 3 can be traversed by the exhaust gas. This is shown in fig. 3.
According to the invention, the first exhaust gas purification device 2 has perforations 4 for the exhaust gas in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The perforations 4 are connected to the flow cross section of the second exhaust gas purification device 3 via an exhaust funnel 5 in a manner that guides the exhaust gas. In the present embodiment, the first and second exhaust gas purification devices 2, 3 have a circular cross section. In another embodiment, the first and/or second exhaust gas purification devices 2, 3 may also have a non-circular cross section, for example an oval shape.
Preferably, the exhaust funnel 5 is supported in the slide in the bore, which counteracts thermal defects. In the present exemplary embodiment, an exhaust pipe 6 is arranged in the bore 4, wherein a fibrous sealing element 7 is arranged between the exhaust pipe 6 and the first exhaust gas purification device 2.
The first exhaust gas purification device 2 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 are supported inside the insulating portion 11 in the first potting 9 and the second potting 8. This prevents heat losses in particular.
The first and second exhaust gas purification devices 2, 3 are preferably a particle filter, in particular a gasoline particle filter (OPF), or a particle filter and an additional three-way catalyst, or a particle filter and an additional NSC catalyst, or a particle filter and an additional NOx storage catalyst.
Fig. 3 shows a horizontal section through an exhaust system 1 according to the invention. The exhaust gases flow again from the internal combustion engine, not shown, through the exhaust pipe 10 and through the first exhaust gas purification device 2 and through the exhaust pipe 6 arranged in the bore 4 further into the exhaust funnel 5 and through the second exhaust gas purification device 3. In parallel with this, the exhaust gas flows through the first exhaust gas purification device 2 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 into two exhaust pipes 10, not shown. It can also be clearly seen that the insulation 11 is radially outside the first exhaust gas purification device 2 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3.
Fig. 4 shows a three-dimensionally represented vertical section through an exhaust system 1 according to the invention. In fig. 4, a first and a second pot 9, 8 are again visible, in which the first exhaust gas purification device 2 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 are arranged. The exhaust gases flow from the left through both the first exhaust gas purification device 2 and through an exhaust pipe 6 arranged in the perforation 4, which is arranged in the first exhaust gas purification device 2 by means of a fibrous sealing element 7. After the exhaust pipe 6, the exhaust gas flows into the second exhaust gas purification device 3 again through the exhaust funnel 5. The first exhaust gas purification device 2 and the second exhaust gas purification device 3 are in turn supported in an insulation in a first potting pot 9 and a second potting pot 8.
The design of the exhaust system 1 according to the invention makes it possible to increase the effective flow cross section of the first and second exhaust gas purification devices 2, 3 with the same overall volume.
List of reference numerals:
1 exhaust apparatus
2 first exhaust gas purification device
3 second exhaust gas purifying device
4 perforation
5 exhaust funnel
6 exhaust pipe
7 fibrous sealing element
8 second can sealing
9 first can sealing
10 exhaust pipe
11 insulating part

Claims (7)

1. An exhaust system (1) for an internal combustion engine, wherein at least one first and one second exhaust gas purification device (2, 3) are provided in the exhaust system (1), wherein the first exhaust gas purification device (2) is arranged upstream of the second exhaust gas purification device (3) in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, and the two exhaust gas purification devices (2, 3) can be traversed by the exhaust gas, and the second exhaust gas purification device (3) can be circulated by the exhaust gas,
the exhaust gas purification device is characterized in that the first exhaust gas purification device (2) has a perforation (4) for the exhaust gas in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, which perforation is connected in a flow cross section of the second exhaust gas purification device (3) in a manner such that the exhaust gas is guided through an exhaust funnel (5).
2. An exhaust arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and/or the second exhaust gas cleaning device (2, 3) has a circular cross-section.
3. An exhaust arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and/or the second exhaust gas cleaning device (2, 3) has a non-circular cross-section.
4. An exhaust apparatus according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the exhaust funnel (5) is supported in the perforation (4) in a slide.
5. An exhaust arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that an exhaust pipe (6) is arranged in the perforation (4) and a fibrous sealing (7) is arranged between the exhaust pipe (6) and the first exhaust gas cleaning device (2).
6. An exhaust arrangement according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the first exhaust gas cleaning device (2) is a particle filter or a particle filter and an additional three-way catalyst or a particle filter and an additional NSC catalyst or a particle filter and an additional NOx storage catalyst.
7. An exhaust arrangement according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the second exhaust gas cleaning device (3) is a particle filter or a particle filter and an additional three-way catalyst or a particle filter and an additional NSC catalyst or a particle filter and an additional NOx storage catalyst.
CN201980006021.5A 2018-03-06 2019-02-05 Exhaust system for internal combustion engine Pending CN111406149A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102018203325.0A DE102018203325A1 (en) 2018-03-06 2018-03-06 Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine
DE102018203325.0 2018-03-06
PCT/EP2019/052725 WO2019170335A1 (en) 2018-03-06 2019-02-05 Exhaust gas system for an internal combustion engine

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN111406149A true CN111406149A (en) 2020-07-10

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DE (1) DE102018203325A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019170335A1 (en)

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