CN111322869A - Smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin from tin concentrate and continuously fuming furnace slag and smelting method - Google Patents
Smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin from tin concentrate and continuously fuming furnace slag and smelting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111322869A CN111322869A CN202010292893.7A CN202010292893A CN111322869A CN 111322869 A CN111322869 A CN 111322869A CN 202010292893 A CN202010292893 A CN 202010292893A CN 111322869 A CN111322869 A CN 111322869A
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009856 non-ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B19/00—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group
- F27B19/04—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group arranged for associated working
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/02—Obtaining tin by dry processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/008—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
- F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The smelting furnace comprises a front end top-blown smelting furnace and a rear end side smoke-blown depletion furnace, wherein the bottoms of the front end top-blown smelting furnace and the rear end side smoke-blown depletion furnace are communicated; the front-end top-blown smelting furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body (4), a material inlet (1) at the top of the furnace, a smelting spray gun (3) inserted from the top of the furnace, a smelting flue gas outlet (5) arranged at the top of the furnace and a crude tin discharging outlet (10) arranged at the bottom of the furnace body; the side-blown fuming and depleting furnace comprises a rectangular box-type furnace body (18), a vulcanizing agent feeding port (20) at the top of the furnace, blowing systems (14) which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the lower part of the furnace body and blow air and fuel into the furnace, a depleted slag discharging port (15) arranged at the lower part of the furnace body and a fuming flue gas outlet (19) arranged at the top of the furnace body; the bottom of the rectangular box-type furnace body is an inclined bottom (12). The invention can complete two metallurgical processes of continuous smelting of tin concentrate into crude tin and fuming and dilution of the smelting tin-rich slag by a continuous vulcanization method in one step, and has the advantages of short flow, low operation cost, high tin recovery rate and good energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy equipment and methods, in particular to equipment and a method for pyrometallurgical smelting of tin concentrate and fuming and diluting of tin-rich furnace slag.
Background
The method for producing crude tin by smelting tin concentrate is generally divided into two main smelting production process steps, wherein the first step is to smelt the tin concentrate into crude tin and tin-rich slag, and the second step is to smoke the tin-rich slag, dilute and recover tin and produce lean slag.
The traditional tin smelting process adopts a blast furnace, a reverberatory furnace, an electric furnace and the like to smelt tin concentrate to produce crude tin and simultaneously produce tin-rich slag. The smelting furnace tin-rich slag is additionally subjected to fuming, dilution and recovery of tin smoke dust by a side-blown fuming furnace and the like. Blast furnace smelting belongs to the backward productivity and is basically eliminated at present. The reverberatory furnace and the electric furnace are still the most used tin concentrate smelting equipment at present, and are characterized by simple process method, small scale, high energy consumption, high labor intensity, multiple production links, serious environmental pollution and high safety risk.
In recent 20 years, the strengthening smelting of tin concentrate has been greatly advanced, and the tin smelting efficiency is greatly improved by adding tin smelting and oxygen enrichment in an Ausmelt top-blown furnace. The Ausmelt top-blown immersion smelting method belongs to the field of molten pool smelting, is widely used for smelting copper, tin, lead, steel and the like, and develops rapidly in recent 20 years. The top-blown immersion smelting method has the advantages of high smelting concentration, good furnace body sealing performance, good workshop environment-friendly condition, simple structure, simple material preparation, relatively low investment and the like. However, the method has the defects that the slag produced by smelting needs to be treated separately by a fuming furnace, the production links are multiple, the process and the facility are complex, the discontinuous operation is realized, the production efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, and the tin recovery rate is low.
At present, tin-rich slag in tin smelting is mainly fuming, volatilizing, diluting and recovering tin smoke dust by a vulcanization method of a box-type side-blown fuming furnace. The box type side-blown fuming furnace is also growing in size, from the past 2.6m2The furnace type is mainly developed to 4m2The furnace type is the main one, and some manufacturers have tried to adopt 8m2A furnace-type box-type side-blown fuming furnace. The box type side-blown fuming furnace has the main advantages of high volatilization efficiency and high speed of tin. But the main disadvantages are intermittent operation, intermittent addition of slag generated by the smelting furnace, long flow, complex operation, high safety and environmental protection risks and high energy consumption, and the processes of cooling, conveying, heating and the like exist.
The equipment and the method have the common problems of complex equipment, small scale, large total investment and complex process, namely the processes of smelting the tin concentrate into crude tin and tin-rich furnace slag and fuming the tin-rich furnace slag are discontinuous, the smelting of the tin concentrate and the fuming and dilution of the furnace slag can be completed through multiple steps, the processes of cooling, conveying, adding in a fuming furnace, heating and the like of the tin-rich furnace slag are needed between the smelting process and the fuming process, the production links are multiple, the process and the facility are complex, the discontinuous operation is realized, the consumed time is long, the production efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, the recovery rate of tin metal is low, the labor intensity is high, and the risks of safety and environmental pollution are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a smelting furnace and a smelting method for continuously smelting crude tin and furnace slag fuming and diluting tin concentrate, which can continuously complete two metallurgical processes of smelting the tin concentrate into crude tin and tin-rich furnace slag and fuming and diluting the tin-rich furnace slag, and have the advantages of simple equipment structure and operation process, high tin metal recovery rate, low energy consumption, environmental protection and safety.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin and continuously fuming slag in tin concentrate is an integrated smelting furnace with front-end top-blown smelting and rear-end side-blown fuming, and comprises a front-end top-blown smelting furnace and a rear-end side-blown fuming depletion furnace which are communicated with each other at the bottom; the front-end top-blown smelting furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a material inlet arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting spray gun inserted into a hearth from the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting flue gas outlet arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, and a crude tin discharging outlet arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body; the side-blown fuming dilution furnace comprises a cuboid box-type furnace body, a vulcanizing agent feeding port arranged at the top of the cuboid box-type furnace body, blowing systems symmetrically arranged at two sides of the lower part of the cuboid box-type furnace body and used for blowing air and fuel into a lean slag layer in the furnace, a lean slag discharging port arranged at the lower part of the cuboid box-type furnace body and a fuming flue gas outlet arranged at the top of the cuboid box-type furnace body; the lower part of the hearth of the cylindrical furnace body of the front-end top-blown smelting furnace is communicated with the bottom of the hearth of the rectangular box-type furnace body of the side-blown fuming dilution furnace, and the bottom of the rectangular box-type furnace body is an inclined bottom which inclines downwards towards the cylindrical furnace body.
Furthermore, the inclined furnace bottom position of the cuboid box-type furnace body is higher than that of the cylindrical furnace body.
The smelting method of the smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin and continuously fuming slag by tin concentrate is to continuously reduce and smelt the tin concentrate into crude tin and tin-rich slag in the same smelting furnace, continuously smoke and thin the smelted tin-rich slag to recover tin smoke dust and continuously discharge poor slag, and the specific process is as follows: continuously adding a tin concentrate smelting material into a position of a reduction smelting layer in a hearth from a material inlet of a top-blown smelting furnace at the front end, spraying fuel, oxygen and compressed air into the reduction smelting layer through a smelting spray gun, and stirring a melt to realize reduction smelting of tin concentrate; after reduction smelting, the tin oxide in the tin concentrate is reduced into crude tin, the crude tin is settled at the bottom of the hearth to form a crude tin layer, and the crude tin layer is discharged from the top-blown smelting furnace through a crude tin discharging port; containing low concentration of SO2The smelting flue gas is discharged from a smelting flue gas outlet; the high-temperature liquid tin-rich slag layer generated by smelting floats on the crude tin layer, enters the side-blown smoke-depleted furnace through a channel between the lower part of the hearth of the cylindrical furnace body and the bottom of the hearth of the cuboid box-type furnace body to form a lean slag layer, is mixed with a vulcanizing agent added from a vulcanizing agent adding port in the smoke-depleted furnace, and performs smoke reaction with air and fuel blown in from blowing systems on two sides of the lower part of the cuboid box-type furnace body; the metallic tin settled and separated from the liquid slag after being reduced by the fuming and depleting furnace flows to a coarse tin layer at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body along the inclined furnace bottom of the rectangular box-type furnace body and is collected; the tin-containing flue gas generated by the fuming reaction is discharged out of the furnace through a fuming flue gas outlet, and the lean tin slag after fuming is continuously discharged out of the furnace through a lean slag discharge outlet.
Further, the low-concentration SO is contained in the smoke gas discharged from the smoke outlet of the smelting zone of the front end top-blown smelting furnace2The smelting flue gas contains low-concentration SO after being treated by waste heat recovery of a waste heat boiler and tin smoke recovery of dust collection2The tail gas is sent to an acid preparation system to prepare sulfuric acid.
Further, from side-blown-fume lean-burn furnacesThe tin-containing flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet of the fuming area contains low-concentration SO after the waste heat is recovered by the waste heat system and the tin dioxide smoke is recovered by the dust collecting system2The tail gas is sent to an acid preparation system to prepare sulfuric acid.
Compared with other process methods, the invention has the main advantages that:
(1) the invention can continuously complete two metallurgical processes of reduction smelting of tin concentrate into crude tin and continuous fuming depletion of slag by only using one metallurgical furnace, can continuously smelt high-quality crude tin with tin more than 90 percent in one step, enables tin-rich slag with tin about 5 percent to directly flow and continuously smokes depletion to produce tin-rich smoke dust with tin more than 45 percent and poor slag with tin less than 0.2 percent, and ensures that crude tin generated by reduction of liquid slag in the processes of sedimentation in the furnace and fuming is converged into a smelting crude tin layer to be fully recovered, and the recovery rate of tin is high.
(2) The method saves the processes of cooling, conveying, adding into the fuming furnace, heating and the like of the slag of the smelting furnace, has less production links, low operation cost, small safety risk, full utilization of heat of the smelted tin-rich slag, full utilization of residual heat of flue gas, low energy consumption and good energy-saving effect.
(3) Method of the invention SO2The concentration fluctuation is small, and the tail gas passes through low-concentration SO2After absorption (desorption), continuous and stable acid and SO preparation can be realized2The utilization rate of the tail gas is more than 98 percent, the environmental protection condition is good, and the final tail gas is discharged up to the standard.
(4) The invention has simple and reliable equipment and low manufacturing cost. In the production method, the raw materials are simple to prepare, and the fuming part does not need to prepare the raw materials additionally, so that the production cost can be greatly reduced, and the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a smelting furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-material inlet, 2-smelting material, 3-smelting spray gun, 4-cylindrical furnace body, 5-smelting flue gas outlet, 6-reduction smelting layer, 7-separating furnace wall, 8-tin-rich slag layer, 9-crude tin layer, 10-crude tin discharging port, 11-integral furnace bottom, 12-inclined furnace bottom, 13-smelting furnace outer wall, 14-blowing system, 15-poor furnace slag discharging port, 16-poor furnace slag layer, 17-vulcanizing agent, 18-cuboid box-type furnace body, 19-fuming flue gas outlet, 20-vulcanizing agent feeding port, 21-air coal bunker and 22-compressed air pipe.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin and continuously fuming slag from tin concentrate is an integrated smelting furnace with front-end top-blown smelting and rear-end side-blown fuming, the furnace bottom of the integrated smelting furnace is an integrated furnace bottom 11, and an outer wall 13 of the smelting furnace is built on the integrated furnace bottom 11. The integrated metallurgical furnace comprises a front end top-blown smelting furnace and a rear end side smoke-blowing depletion furnace which are communicated with each other at the bottom.
The front end top-blown smelting furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body 4, a material inlet 1 arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting spray gun 3 inserted into a hearth from the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting flue gas outlet 5 arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, and a crude tin discharging port 10 arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body.
The side-blown fuming dilution furnace comprises a rectangular box-type furnace body 18, a vulcanizing agent feeding port 20 arranged at the top of the rectangular box-type furnace body, a blowing system 14 which is arranged at two sides of the lower part of the rectangular box-type furnace body and blows air and fuel into a lean slag layer 16 in the furnace relatively, a lean slag discharging port 15 arranged at the lower part of the rectangular box-type furnace body, and a fuming flue gas outlet 19 arranged at the top of the rectangular box-type furnace body. The injection system integrates an air coal bunker 21 for storing fuel and a compression air pipe 22. The cuboid box-type furnace body is convenient for furnace body masonry and maintenance.
The lower part of the hearth of the cylindrical furnace body 4 of the front-end top-blown smelting furnace is communicated with the bottom of the hearth of the rectangular box-type furnace body 18 of the side-blown smoke dilution furnace, and the bottom of the rectangular box-type furnace body is an inclined bottom 12 which inclines downwards towards the cylindrical furnace body. The inclined furnace bottom 12 of the cuboid box-type furnace body is higher than the furnace bottom of the cylindrical furnace body. The cylindrical furnace body 4 and the upper part of the cuboid box-type furnace body 18 are separated by a separating furnace wall 7.
Tin concentrate of the inventionThe smelting method of the smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin and continuously fuming slag does not need to discontinuously smelt tin concentrate, discontinuously discharge crude tin and smelt tin-rich slag through the smelting furnace, then the smelted tin-rich slag is transferred to the fuming furnace to discontinuously smokes and discharge poor slag, but the tin concentrate is continuously reduced and smelted into crude tin and tin-rich slag in a smelting area in the same smelting furnace, the smelted tin-rich slag naturally flows to a fuming reaction area to be continuously fuming and depleted, tin smoke is recovered, and the poor slag is continuously discharged. The specific process is as follows: smelting materials 2 such as tin concentrate, reducing agent and fusing agent are continuously added to the position of a reduction smelting layer 6 of a smelting area in a hearth from a material inlet 1 of a front-end top-blown smelting furnace, fuel, oxygen and compressed air are sprayed into the reduction smelting layer 6 through a smelting spray gun 3, and the melt is stirred to realize the reduction smelting of the tin concentrate. And after reduction smelting, the tin oxide in the tin concentrate is reduced into crude tin, the crude tin is settled at the bottom of the hearth to form a crude tin layer 9, and the crude tin layer is discharged from the top-blown smelting furnace through a crude tin discharging port 10. Containing low concentration of SO2The smelting flue gas is discharged from a smelting flue gas outlet 5, and after the waste heat is recovered by a waste heat system and the tin dioxide smoke dust is recovered by a dust collecting system, the smelting flue gas contains low-concentration SO2The tail gas is sent to an acid preparation system to prepare sulfuric acid. High-temperature liquid tin-rich slag generated by smelting floats on the crude tin layer 9 to form a tin-rich slag layer 8, automatically flows into the side-blown fuming depletion furnace through a channel between the lower part of the hearth of the cylindrical furnace body 4 and the bottom of the hearth of the rectangular box-type furnace body 18, and forms a depleted slag layer 16 at the bottom of the side-blown fuming depletion furnace. A vulcanizing agent 17 is added into the fuming and depletion furnace from a vulcanizing agent adding port 20, is mixed with the lean slag, and carries out a fuming reaction by a vulcanization method with air and fuel which are blown in from the blowing systems 14 at the two sides of the lower part of the cuboid box-type furnace body, the high-temperature liquid tin-rich slag is reduced, and the metal tin which is settled and separated from the liquid slag after reduction flows to the crude tin layer 9 at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body 4 along the inclined furnace bottom 12 of the cuboid box-type furnace body to be collected. The tin-containing flue gas generated by the fuming reaction is discharged out of the furnace through a fuming flue gas outlet 19, and after the residual heat is recovered, the smoke is oxidized and the tin smoke is recovered, the low-concentration SO is contained2The tail gas is exchanged to an acid preparing system to prepare the sulfuric acid. The fuming lean tin slag is continuously discharged out of the furnace through a lean slag discharge port 15. Rectangular box type furnaceThe furnace bottom of the body is arranged to be inclined, the position of the inclined furnace bottom 12 is higher than that of the furnace bottom of the cylindrical furnace body, the high-temperature liquid tin-rich slag layer 8 generated by smelting of the front-end top-blown smelting furnace can be ensured to automatically flow into the side-blown fuming and depleting furnace, and the metallic tin separated from the liquid slag in a sedimentation mode after the side-blown fuming and depleting furnace is reduced can automatically flow back to the bottom of the front-end top-blown smelting furnace to be discharged.
The equipment and the method can continuously complete two metallurgical processes of reduction smelting of tin concentrate into crude tin and continuous fuming and dilution of the slag by only one metallurgical furnace, continuously smelt high-quality crude tin by one step, directly flow and continuously smokes and dilute the tin smelting slag, save the processes of cooling, conveying, adding into a fuming furnace, heating and the like of the smelting furnace slag, and have less production links and low operation cost. The crude tin generated by the reduction of the liquid slag in the process of sedimentation and fuming in the furnace is fully recovered, and the recovery rate of the tin is high; the heat of the smelting tin-rich furnace slag is fully utilized, and the energy-saving effect is good.
Claims (5)
1. The smelting furnace is characterized in that the smelting furnace is an integrated smelting furnace with front end top-blown smelting and rear end side-blown fuming, and comprises a front end top-blown smelting furnace and a rear end side-blown fuming depletion furnace, wherein the bottom of the front end top-blown smelting furnace is communicated with the bottom of the rear end side-blown fuming depletion furnace; the front-end top-blown smelting furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body (4), a material inlet (1) arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting spray gun (3) inserted into a hearth from the top of the cylindrical furnace body, a smelting flue gas outlet (5) arranged at the top of the cylindrical furnace body, and a crude tin discharging outlet (10) arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body; the side-blown fuming and depleting furnace comprises a rectangular box-type furnace body (18), a vulcanizing agent feeding port (20) arranged at the top of the rectangular box-type furnace body, blowing systems (14) which are arranged at two sides of the lower part of the rectangular box-type furnace body and blow air and fuel into a lean slag layer (16) in the furnace, a lean slag discharging port (15) arranged at the lower part of the rectangular box-type furnace body and a fuming flue gas outlet (19) arranged at the top of the rectangular box-type furnace body; the lower part of a hearth of a cylindrical furnace body (4) of the front-end top-blown smelting furnace is communicated with the bottom of a hearth of a rectangular box-type furnace body (18) of the side-blown smoke reduction dilution furnace, and the bottom of the rectangular box-type furnace body is an inclined bottom (12) which inclines downwards towards the cylindrical furnace body.
2. A smelting furnace for the continuous smelting of raw tin and continuous fuming of slag from tin concentrate as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the inclined hearth (12) of the rectangular parallelepiped box-type furnace body is located higher than the hearth of the cylindrical furnace body.
3. The smelting method of the smelting furnace for continuously smelting crude tin by tin concentrate and continuously fuming slag according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the smelting method is to continuously reduce and smelt the tin concentrate into crude tin and tin-rich slag in the same smelting furnace, and continuously smoke and thin the smelted tin-rich slag to recover tin smoke dust and continuously discharge poor slag, and the specific processes are as follows: continuously adding tin concentrate smelting materials (2) into a position of a reduction smelting layer (6) in a hearth from a material inlet (1) of a front-end top-blown smelting furnace, spraying fuel, oxygen and compressed air into the reduction smelting layer (6) through a smelting spray gun (3), and stirring a melt to realize reduction smelting of tin concentrate; after reduction smelting, the tin oxide in the tin concentrate is reduced into crude tin, the crude tin is settled at the bottom of the hearth to form a crude tin layer (9), and the crude tin layer is discharged from the top-blown smelting furnace through a crude tin discharging port (10); containing low concentration of SO2The smelting flue gas is discharged from a smelting flue gas outlet (5); a high-temperature liquid tin-rich slag layer (8) generated by smelting floats on the crude tin layer (9), enters a side-blown fuming and depleting furnace through a channel between the lower part of a hearth of the cylindrical furnace body (4) and the bottom of a hearth of the rectangular box-type furnace body (18) to form a depleted slag layer (16), is mixed with a vulcanizing agent (17) added from a vulcanizing agent adding port (20) in the fuming and depleting furnace, and performs a fuming reaction with air and fuel blown in from blowing systems (14) at two sides of the lower part of the rectangular box-type furnace body; the metallic tin which is settled and separated from the liquid slag after being reduced by the fuming and depleting furnace flows to a coarse tin layer (9) at the bottom of the cylindrical furnace body (4) along the inclined furnace bottom (12) of the rectangular box-type furnace body and is collected; tin-containing flue gas generated by the fuming reaction is discharged out of the furnace through a fuming flue gas outlet (19), and the fuming lean tin slag is continuously discharged out of the furnace through a lean slag discharge outlet (15).
4. Smelting method in a smelting furnace with continuous smelting of raw tin and continuous fuming of slag from tin concentrate as recited in claim 3, characterized in that the flue gas outlet (5) of the smelting zone of the front end top-blown smelting furnace is discharged with a low SO concentration2The smelting flue gas contains low-concentration SO after being treated by waste heat recovery of a waste heat boiler and tin smoke recovery of dust collection2The tail gas is sent to an acid preparation system to prepare sulfuric acid.
5. Smelting method in a smelting furnace with continuous smelting of crude tin from tin concentrate and continuous fuming of slag according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the tin-containing flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet (19) of the fuming zone of the side-blown fuming and depleting furnace contains low concentration SO after the residual heat is recovered by the residual heat system and the tin dioxide smoke is recovered by the dust collecting system2The tail gas is sent to an acid preparation system to prepare sulfuric acid.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111663052A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-09-15 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Crude tin smelting system and process |
| CN111910087A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Smelting furnace and smelting method for continuously fuming low-grade tin material |
| CN113549774A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-26 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Side type powder feeding top-blown furnace and treatment method thereof |
| CN117568620A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-02-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Crude tin double-pot sulfur adding and impurity removing reactor |
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2020
- 2020-04-15 CN CN202010292893.7A patent/CN111322869A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111663052A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-09-15 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Crude tin smelting system and process |
| CN111910087A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Smelting furnace and smelting method for continuously fuming low-grade tin material |
| CN113549774A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-26 | 云南锡业股份有限公司锡业分公司 | Side type powder feeding top-blown furnace and treatment method thereof |
| CN117568620A (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-02-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Crude tin double-pot sulfur adding and impurity removing reactor |
| CN117568620B (en) * | 2023-12-01 | 2024-04-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Crude tin double-pot sulfur adding and impurity removing reactor |
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