CN111231442A - Large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking pultruded profile as sandwich and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking pultruded profile as sandwich and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111231442A CN111231442A CN202010151402.7A CN202010151402A CN111231442A CN 111231442 A CN111231442 A CN 111231442A CN 202010151402 A CN202010151402 A CN 202010151402A CN 111231442 A CN111231442 A CN 111231442A
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- pultruded
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking a pultruded profile as a sandwich and a preparation method thereof. Compared with other products, the composite material load-bearing plate structure has the greatest characteristic that the composite material web and the surface layer are formed by the pultruded section core material and the wound fiber cloth, so that the compression resistance, the bending resistance, the shearing resistance and the peeling resistance are obviously improved, and the integral mechanical property of the structure is enhanced. The composite material has the remarkable advantages of high resistance, high ductility and convenience in assembly, and can be applied to the field of infrastructure as bridge decks, floor decks, wall decks and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large-size multi-axial composite material load-bearing plate which is applied to bridge floors, floors and wall surfaces and takes pultruded profiles as a sandwich.
Background
The composite material is widely applied to the field of infrastructure due to the characteristics of light weight and high strength. At present, the concept of composite material bearing plates is also provided for reducing the structural weight of bridges (especially suspension bridges which are particularly sensitive to weight).
Glass fiber reinforced composites (GFRP) are widely used in the field of infrastructure because of their low cost advantage, often in the form of pultruded cavity profiles, but pultruded profiles are usually dominated by longitudinal fibers and have large shear and stress concentration at the interface between the face plate and the web plate, and are very prone to cleavage failure at the middle of the face plate or at the intersection between the face plate and the web plate. Therefore, the composite material pultrusion section has lower bearing capacity, and the existing pultrusion process is difficult to form the composite material member with the large-size section, so the composite material pultrusion section is commonly used for an auxiliary structure with low stress.
The sandwich structure of composite material with honeycomb, foam, balsa wood and other core material is one very wide structure for engineering application, and has increased section inertia moment and thus high bending strength and rigidity. However, the interface of the surface layer and the core material is easy to peel and damage during the manufacturing and service processes of the traditional composite material sandwich component, and the light weight and high strength characteristics of the traditional composite material sandwich component are seriously restricted.
The large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking the pultruded profile as the sandwich is manufactured by the method, the composite sandwich structure is adopted, the composite pultruded profile is taken as the core material, the composite material is taken as the surface layer and the web plate, the advantages of the pultruded profile and the composite sandwich structure are fully utilized, the problems of low bearing capacity and interface stripping are solved, and the actual engineering requirement is met. The enhancement principle is as follows: the composite material surface layer, the composite material web plate and the composite material pultrusion section bar core material are integrally molded at one time, and the surface layer and the core material are organically integrated by the composite material web plate, so that the anti-stripping capability and the cooperative working capability of the surface layer and the core material are greatly improved; the compression and shearing performance of the stress of the unidirectional fiber of the core material is obviously enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking a pultruded profile as a sandwich, aiming at the problems that the conventional pultrusion process is difficult to form a large-size section composite material member, and the pultruded plate is mainly made of unidirectional fibers, particularly the problems that a surface layer is easy to crack, a web plate is easy to shear, the interface of a sandwich structure of a foam sandwich composite material is easy to peel and the like in a cavity type pultruded plate. The series composite material plate members are prepared by taking the pultrusion sections as core materials and the composite materials as surface layers and lattice webs through an industrial forming process, have the remarkable advantages of high resistance, high ductility and convenience in assembly, and can be applied to the field of infrastructure as bridge panels, floor panels, wall panels and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking a pultruded profile as a sandwich comprises a pultruded tube core material, a pultruded tube sealing material, a composite material web and a composite material panel;
the core material of the pultrusion tube is a rectangular section, a circular section or a hexagonal honeycomb section, and the size and the number of the core materials can be flexibly adopted according to the actual stress of the structure;
a plurality of pultruded tube core materials are spliced, paved and combined to form a combined member; the core material of the pultrusion pipe of the combined member is horizontally laid in a single layer, horizontally laid in multiple layers, horizontally staggered laid in multiple layers or vertically laid in multiple layers;
the composite member is externally provided with integral fiber cloth, the composite member is in the shape of a bridge deck, a road deck or a wallboard, the fiber cloth is wound at the peripheral joint part of the adjacent pultrusion pipe core material, and the resin is cured to form a composite material web plate and a composite material deck, and the composite material web plate is arranged along the height direction or the length direction of the pultrusion pipe core material to form a spatial lattice web plate;
both ends of the pultrusion tube core material are provided with pultrusion tube sealing materials which are composite material sheets and are sealed by gluing; or the sealing material of the pultrusion tube is a structural foam block and is plugged into two ends of the core material of the pultrusion tube for fixing and sealing.
Preferably, the winding fiber cloth and the integral outer covering fiber cloth are made of fiber materials, and comprise: monoaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth.
Preferably, the resin comprises: unsaturated polyester, vinyl, epoxy or phenolic resins.
The preparation method of the large-size multi-axial composite material load-bearing plate taking the pultruded profile as the sandwich comprises the following steps:
a. gluing and sealing two end parts of the core material of the pultrusion tube by using a composite material sheet with a certain thickness, or respectively plugging structural foam blocks with a certain length into two ends of the core material of the pultrusion tube and fixing for sealing;
b. laying fiber cloth on each pultruded tube core material with the sealed end along single-layer one-way, single-layer two-way, multi-layer multi-way or multi-layer multi-way,
c. laying one or more layers of fiber cloth on the surface of the core material of the pultruded tube with the sealed end;
d. the core materials of the spliced pultrusion pipe form the shapes of the designed bridge deck, road deck and wallboard, and then one or more layers of fiber cloth are integrally coated, and the layering angle and the layering number are determined according to the requirements.
e. Resin is filled into a vacuum bag or a mould through a vacuum bag forming process, a vacuum infusion forming process or an RTM forming process;
f. and after the resin is cured and molded, taking out, curing the fiber cloth layer and the resin into a composite material panel, and forming a composite material web plate by the joint position of the adjacent core materials and the resin. Thus obtaining the large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking the pultruded section as the sandwich.
Has the advantages that:
compared with other sandwich structures, the large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking the pultruded profile as the sandwich has the greatest characteristic that the core material of the pultruded profile and the winding fiber cloth form a composite material web and a surface layer together, so that the compression resistance, the bending resistance, the shearing resistance and the peeling resistance are obviously improved, and the overall mechanical property of the structure is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a large-sized multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein the core materials of the pultruded tubes are horizontally laid;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a large-sized multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein core materials of double-layered pultruded tubes are horizontally laid;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a large-sized multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein core materials of double-layer pultruded tubes are horizontally laid in a staggered manner;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a large-sized multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein a plurality of layers of hexagonal pultruded tube core materials are horizontally laid, and trapezoidal and special-shaped pultruded profile core materials are laid on the edges;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a large-sized multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein the core materials of the pultruded tubes are vertically laid;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a large-size multi-axial composite load-bearing plate sandwiched by pultruded profiles, wherein the honeycomb section pultruded tube core material is laid vertically.
In the drawings: 1 is a core material of a pultrusion tube; 2 is a sealing material of the pultrusion tube; 3 is winding fiber cloth; 4 is an integral outer wrapping fiber cloth; 5 is a composite material web; and 6, a composite material panel.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
as shown in figures 1-7, a large-size multi-axial composite material load-bearing plate taking a pultruded profile as a sandwich comprises a pultruded tube core 1, a pultruded tube sealing material 2, a composite material web 5 and a composite material panel 6;
the winding fiber cloth 3 is wrapped outside the pultrusion tube core material 1, the laying direction and the number of layers of the winding fiber cloth 3 can be flexibly controlled according to needs, the pultrusion tube core material 1 is a rectangular section, a circular section or a hexagonal honeycomb section, and the size and the number can be flexibly adopted according to the actual stress of the structure;
a plurality of the pultruded pipe core materials 1 are spliced, paved and combined to form a combined member; the core material of the pultrusion pipe of the combined member is horizontally laid in a single layer, horizontally laid in a double layer, horizontally staggered laid in a double layer or vertically laid in a double layer;
the composite member is externally provided with integral externally-coated fiber cloth 4, the composite member is in the shape of a bridge deck, a road deck or a wallboard, the fiber cloth 3 is wound at the peripheral joint part of the adjacent pultrusion tube core material 1, and after the resin is cured, a composite material web 5 and a composite material deck 6 are formed, and the composite material web 5 is arranged along the height direction or the length direction of the pultrusion tube core material 1 to form a spatial lattice web;
both ends of the pultrusion tube core material 1 are provided with pultrusion tube sealing materials 2, and the pultrusion tube sealing materials 2 are composite material sheets and are sealed by gluing; or the sealing material 2 of the pultrusion tube is a structural foam block and is plugged into two ends of the core material 1 of the pultrusion tube for fixing and sealing;
winding fibre cloth 3 and whole outsourcing fibre cloth 4 be the fibre material, include: monoaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth. The resin comprises: unsaturated polyester, vinyl, epoxy or phenolic resins.
The preparation method of the large-size multi-axial composite material load-bearing plate taking the pultruded profile as the sandwich comprises the following steps:
a. gluing and sealing two end parts of the core material of the pultrusion tube by using a composite material sheet with a certain thickness, or respectively plugging structural foam blocks with a certain length into two ends of the core material of the pultrusion tube and fixing for sealing;
b. covering two layers of glass fiber cloth with a layering angle of 45 degrees on each outer layer of the pultruded tube core material with the end part sealed;
c. laying one or more layers of fiber cloth on the surface of the core material of the pultruded tube with the sealed end;
d. 8 pultrusion tube core materials wrapped with fiber cloth are placed side by side along the width direction of the cross section to form a plate, four layers of glass fiber cloth are wrapped outside the plate, 2 layers of fiber cloth with the ply angle of 45 degrees at the inner side are wrapped outside the plate along the width direction of the plate, and 2 layers of fiber cloth with the ply angle of 90 degrees at the outer side are wrapped outside the plate along the length direction of the plate;
e. resin is filled into a vacuum bag or a mould through a vacuum bag forming process, a vacuum infusion forming process or an RTM forming process;
f. and after the resin is cured and molded, taking out, curing the fiber cloth layer and the resin into a composite material panel, and forming a composite material web plate by the joint position of the adjacent core materials and the resin. Thus obtaining the large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking the pultruded section as the sandwich.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A large-size multi-axial composite material load-bearing plate taking a pultruded profile as a sandwich is characterized in that: the composite material comprises a pultruded tube core material, a pultruded tube sealing material, a composite material web and a composite material panel;
the outside of the tube core material of the pultrusion tube is wrapped with the winding fiber cloth, and the tube core material of the pultrusion tube is a rectangular section, a circular section or a hexagonal honeycomb section;
a plurality of pultruded tube core materials are spliced, paved and combined to form a combined member; the core material of the pultrusion pipe of the combined member is horizontally laid in a single layer, horizontally laid in multiple layers, horizontally staggered laid in multiple layers or vertically laid in multiple layers;
the composite member is externally provided with integral fiber cloth, the composite member is in the shape of a bridge deck, a road deck or a wallboard, the fiber cloth is wound at the peripheral joint part of the adjacent pultrusion pipe core material, and the resin is cured to form a composite material web plate and a composite material deck, and the composite material web plate is arranged along the height direction or the length direction of the pultrusion pipe core material to form a spatial lattice web plate;
both ends of the pultrusion tube core material are provided with pultrusion tube sealing materials which are composite material sheets and are sealed by gluing; or the sealing material of the pultrusion tube is a structural foam block and is plugged into two ends of the core material of the pultrusion tube for fixing and sealing.
2. A large-size multi-axial composite load-bearing sheet sandwiched by pultruded profiles according to claim 1, wherein: winding fiber cloth and whole outsourcing fiber cloth be the fibre material, include: monoaxial or multiaxial carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or hybrid fiber cloth.
3. A large-size multi-axial composite load-bearing sheet sandwiched by pultruded profiles according to claim 1, wherein: the resin comprises: unsaturated polyester, vinyl, epoxy or phenolic resins.
4. The method for preparing a large-size multi-axial composite load-bearing sheet with a sandwich of pultruded profiles according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
a. the two ends of the tube core material of the pultrusion tube are sealed by gluing composite material sheets, or structural foam blocks are respectively plugged into the two ends of the tube core material of the pultrusion tube and fixed for sealing;
b. laying fiber cloth on each pultruded tube core material with the sealed end part along a single-layer single direction, a single-layer two-way direction, a multi-layer multi-direction or a multi-layer multi-direction;
c. laying one or more layers of fiber cloth on the surface of the core material of the pultruded tube with the sealed end;
d. the core materials of the pultrusion pipes are spliced to form the shapes of the designed bridge deck, road deck and wallboard, and then one or more layers of fiber cloth are integrally coated, and the layering angle and the number of layers are determined according to the requirements;
e. resin is filled into a vacuum bag or a mould through a vacuum bag forming process, a vacuum infusion forming process or an RTM forming process;
f. and taking out the composite material panel after the resin is cured and molded, curing the fiber cloth layer and the resin into a composite material panel, and forming a composite material web plate by the joint position of the adjacent core materials and the resin to obtain the large-size multi-axial composite material bearing plate taking the pultruded profile as a sandwich.
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| CN112832453A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-25 | 南京工业大学 | FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) reinforced wood-plastic composite material bearing plate |
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| CN112962453A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-15 | 江西龙正科技发展有限公司 | Novel ultra-high strength concrete UHPC light combined bridge deck |
| CN112959751A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Pultrusion flame-retardant carbon fiber plate and application thereof |
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