CN111163520A - Dynamic resource allocation method of low-earth-orbit satellite communication system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic resource allocation method of a low earth orbit satellite communication system, which designs a resource allocation system model of the low earth orbit satellite mobile communication system aiming at the limited channel resources in the low earth orbit satellite communication system, and provides a dynamic resource allocation technology based on sub-carriers and power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-earth-orbit satellite wireless resource management, and particularly relates to a dynamic resource allocation method of a low-earth-orbit satellite communication system.
Background
In a low earth orbit satellite communication system, on-board resources are extremely limited due to satellite load limitations. The method improves the established system utility by distributing, scheduling and optimizing the satellite limited resources, and is related to the service quality and the system performance of the whole low-orbit satellite communication system. The resource allocation technology of the low earth orbit satellite communication system is mainly used for allocating resources such as carrier waves, power and the like, and a reasonable resource allocation strategy is very important for effectively utilizing the limited resources on the satellite.
The resource allocation method comprises two major types of fixed allocation modes and dynamic allocation modes, and in an actual communication system, the dynamic allocation modes can better meet the requirements of future satellite broadband communication service high-rate data transmission, high-definition television transmission and the like. In addition, the low earth orbit satellite mobile communication system dynamically allocates subcarriers to each user by using the received channel state information, and allocates power and rate to each subcarrier to satisfy various QoS of each user, which is a key point in the design of the low earth orbit satellite communication system.
Currently, according to a multi-carrier structure, there are two criteria for a sub-carrier adaptive allocation method in a system:
1) firstly, allocating subcarriers one by one, and then combining the subcarriers in the divided subcarriers according to a certain partitioning mode;
2) and regarding the subcarriers in one block as a whole, and packing the whole block as a unit for distribution.
The higher operation amount is ignored when optimizing the performance. The power allocation method can adopt fixed allocation, demand allocation and self-adaptive allocation modes, but the modes only focus on solving the problem of power allocation and separating the power from the allocation problem of carriers, and in order to better improve the problem of satellite resource utilization, the technology of dynamic allocation of resources based on the carriers and the power becomes more important.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic resource allocation method for a low-earth-orbit satellite communication system, which focuses on a simultaneous allocation method of power and carrier, and effectively improves the resource utilization rate of the satellite communication system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention designs a dynamic resource allocation model of a low-orbit satellite mobile communication system, considers a downlink transmission system with K users and N subcarriers, is provided with an antenna at a base station and each user, and supposes that intersymbol interference can be completely removed by utilizing a multicarrier technology, so that frequency response is changed into flat change in each subchannel. The fairness coefficient is improved to define the relative fairness degree among a plurality of users:
wherein R iskIs the average throughput of the kth user,
and k is a fairness factor corresponding to the user k, and k is the total number of the users. The value of FI is in (0,1), and the larger the value of FI is, the more proportional fairness among users can be ensured.
The dynamic resource allocation comprises the following steps:
step S1, the user estimates the downlink channel condition of all sub-carriers through the pilot frequency bit (channel) to get the channel state information.
Step 2: the channel state information is fed back to the base station end by the uplink transmission system periodically.
And step 3: the resource allocation is performed under the constraint of the downlink total transmit power. At the moment of each resource allocation, the base station dynamically adjusts the transmission characteristics of the transmitting end according to the channel estimation parameters of all users, and the parameters which can be changed include the number of user allocation subcarriers, the modulation mode, the transmitting power and the like.
And 4, step 4: the subcarrier block allocation information is fed from the base station side to each active user for data recovery by downlink control signaling.
And 5: the data in all the modulated sub-carrier blocks is subjected to fast inverse fourier transform (IFFT), and a guard interval is added to each symbol after serial/parallel processing to avoid inter-symbol interference.
Step 6: the system transmits data into a broadband wireless channel.
And 7: at the receiver, the guard interval is removed from the received data and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed. Estimating the channel condition of the subcarrier block, demodulating the data on the subcarrier block according to the distribution of the subcarrier block and the modulation result provided by the base station, and obtaining the recovered data.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the method simultaneously considers the problem of carrier and power self-adaptive allocation, wherein the subcarrier allocation technology adopts an algorithm for dynamically allocating each user by taking a subcarrier group as a unit based on actual channel related bandwidth feedback information. The self-adaptive distribution method based on the sub-carrier comprises the following steps:
step a, obtaining M multiplied by N multipath time delay spread values by calculating each user
Calculating a delay spread value
Further obtaining the sub-carrier number phi in the related bandwidth1＝floor[B1/bw]In the formula: b is1＝1/(2πΔ1))；bw＝Bw/Nc，BwIs the system bandwidth.
Step b, respectively calculating the simplified channel matrix of each user on the m sub-carrier
Maximum eigenvalue of
For all values
And obtaining the user l with the maximum characteristic value after comparison. According to phi obtained in the step A1Will continue from m to1Allocating the sub-carrier as a group to user I as the exclusive sub-carrier group of the user, and updating the initial position of sub-carrier allocation to the (m + phi) th position1) And the position of the subcarrier waits for the next round of allocation.
And c, repeating the steps until all the sub-carriers are distributed.
The above allocation method can be formulated as:
in the formula
The maximum received signal-to-noise ratio on the ith group of subcarriers can be expressed as:
the power adaptive allocation method emphasizes simultaneous allocation of power and carriers, and an optimization objective function of power and carrier joint allocation under the condition based on the SINR can be expressed as:
wherein:
indicating the SINR requirement for user i,
fairness index P for representing user itotIs the total transmit power; pmaxSaturation power for each carrier; i omegaij|2＝{0,PmaxMeans that:
because the optimization problem described above is a non-convex joint optimization problem, the joint optimal solution is difficult to obtain, so the method adopts a step-by-step optimization algorithm to solve W, namely, the sub-carriers are allocated; secondly, determining the power of each carrier wave. The method provides an allocation algorithm with the minimum satisfaction (fairness) among users as a target based on the demand of each user, fully utilizes instantaneous channel information, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step a, sorting the communication demand of each user beam from large to small, namely sorting the user allocation priorities, such as:
and b, sequentially distributing an optimal subcarrier to each user according to the beam priority distribution level of each user.
i.k＝1；
SINR for user Beam 11Finding the carrier n in the matrix such that | SINR1,n|≥|SINR1,j||j＝1,2,…,Q；
iii.k＝k+1；
Repeating step ii until K ═ K.
And c, after the step b is finished, reordering the user beam satisfaction (fairness index) and preferentially distributing the optimal subcarrier to the user with the minimum satisfaction.
i. Find user k, so that
SINR to user kkFind carrier n in the matrix such that | SINRk,n|≥|SINRk,j||j＝1,2,…,Q。
Repeating the step c until
And (6) ending.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) according to the method for distributing the dynamic resources of the low-orbit satellite, the difference of the channel conditions of the users is considered, the fairness coefficient definition is improved, the relative fairness degree among a plurality of users is defined, and the throughput rate and the performance of the system are improved.
2) The invention relates to a method for distributing dynamic resources of a low-orbit satellite, which changes a subcarrier distribution mode into a subcarrier group distribution mode and changes a minimum unit which can be distributed to a user into a subcarrier group consisting of a plurality of continuous subcarriers. Therefore, the amount of calculation is reduced.
3) The invention discloses a dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite, which provides a resource allocation mode based on a subcarrier block in power optimization, adopts the aggregation technology of adjacent subcarriers in a frequency domain and uses the subcarrier block as a unit to allocate resources, thereby greatly reducing the complexity of resource allocation.
4) The invention relates to a dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite, which considers the integer property of bits in power optimization, provides the digitization of the bits, combines the dynamic power allocation and the digitization process, and greatly improves the system throughput.
5) Compared with the traditional method, the dynamic resource allocation method for the low-orbit satellite emphasizes simultaneous allocation of power and carrier, and is favorable for improving the resource utilization rate in a low-orbit satellite communication system.
The invention discloses a dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite, which designs a resource allocation system model of a low earth orbit satellite mobile communication system aiming at the limited channel resources in a low earth orbit satellite communication system, provides a dynamic resource allocation technology based on sub-carriers and power, and dynamically allocates resources such as carriers, power and the like according to the channel information of users. Firstly, the downlink channel conditions of all subcarriers are estimated through pilot frequency bits and are regularly fed back to a base station end through an uplink transmission system, and resource allocation is executed under the constraint of the total downlink transmitting power, so that the resource utilization rate in a low-earth-orbit satellite communication system is effectively improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only two of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a dynamic resource allocation model of a low-earth orbit satellite communication system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for simultaneously distributing power and carriers of a low earth orbit satellite, mainly aiming at analyzing and researching a rate-weighted adaptive algorithm and taking capacity maximization as an optimization target, and effectively improving the resource utilization rate of a low earth orbit satellite communication system.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim: the invention designs a resource allocation system model of a low orbit satellite mobile communication system, considers a downlink transmission system with K users and N subcarriers, a base station and each user terminal are respectively provided with an antenna, and the multi-carrier technology is supposed to be used for completely removing intersymbol interference, so that the frequency response is changed into flat change in each subchannel. The fairness coefficient is improved to define the relative fairness degree among a plurality of users:
wherein R iskIs the average throughput of the kth user,
and k is a fairness factor corresponding to the user k, and k is the total number of the users. The FI is taken within (0,1), and the larger the FI value is, the more the ratio among users can be ensuredExample fairness.
The dynamic resource allocation comprises the following steps:
and step A, estimating the downlink channel conditions of all subcarriers by a user through pilot frequency bits (channels) to obtain channel state information.
And B, regularly feeding back the channel state information to the base station end through the uplink transmission system.
Step c. performing resource allocation under the constraint of downlink total transmit power. At the moment of each resource allocation, the base station dynamically adjusts the transmission characteristics of the transmitting end according to the channel estimation parameters of all users, and the parameters which can be changed include the number of user allocation subcarriers, the modulation mode, the transmitting power and the like.
Step d. subcarrier block allocation information is fed from the base station side to each active user for data recovery by downlink control signaling.
And E, performing fast inverse Fourier transform (IFFT) on the data in all the modulated subcarrier blocks, and adding a guard interval to each symbol after serial/parallel processing to avoid intersymbol interference.
And F, the system transmits the data into the broadband wireless channel.
At the receiver end, the guard interval is removed from the received data and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed. Estimating the channel condition of the subcarrier block, demodulating the data on the subcarrier block according to the distribution of the subcarrier block and the modulation result provided by the base station, and obtaining the recovered data.
In step C, a dynamic allocation method for low earth orbit satellite channels is designed, which is based on the optimized subcarrier and power adaptive allocation technology. The subcarrier allocation technology adopts an algorithm for dynamically allocating each user by taking a subcarrier group as a unit based on actual channel related bandwidth feedback information. The self-adaptive distribution method based on the sub-carrier comprises the following steps:
step a, obtaining M multiplied by N multipath time delay spread values by calculating each user
Calculating a delay spread value
Further obtaining the sub-carrier number phi in the related bandwidth1＝floor[B1/bw]In the formula: b is1＝1/(2πΔ1))；bw＝Bw/Nc，BwIs the system bandwidth.
Step b, respectively calculating the simplified channel matrix of each user on the m sub-carrier
Maximum eigenvalue of
For all values
And obtaining the user l with the maximum characteristic value after comparison. According to phi obtained in the step A1Will continue from m to1Allocating the sub-carrier as a group to user I as the exclusive sub-carrier group of the user, and updating the initial position of sub-carrier allocation to the (m + phi) th position1) And the position of the subcarrier waits for the next round of allocation.
And c, repeating the steps until all the sub-carriers are distributed.
The above allocation method can be formulated as:
in the formula
The maximum received signal-to-noise ratio on the ith group of subcarriers can be expressed as:
in the step C, the power adaptive allocation method focuses on simultaneous allocation of power and carriers, and the optimization objective function of power and carrier joint allocation under the SINR condition can be represented as:
wherein:
indicating the SINR requirement for user i,
fairness index P for representing user itotIs the total transmit power; pmaxSaturation power for each carrier; i omegaij|2＝{0,PmaxMeans that:
since the optimization problem described above is a non-convex joint optimization problem, a joint optimal solution is difficult to obtain. The method adopts a step-by-step optimization algorithm to solve W, namely, the subcarrier is distributed; secondly, determining the power of each carrier wave. The method provides an allocation algorithm which takes the minimum satisfaction (fairness) in the users as the maximum target based on the demand of each user, and makes full use of the instantaneous channel information. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step a, sorting the communication demand of each user beam from large to small, namely sorting the user allocation priorities, such as:
and b, sequentially allocating an optimal subcarrier to each user according to the beam priority allocation of each user.
i.k＝1；
SINR for user Beam 11Finding the carrier n in the matrix such that | SINR1,n|≥|SINR1,j||j＝1,2,…,Q；
iii.k＝k+1；
Repeating step ii until K ═ K.
And c, after the step b is finished, reordering the user beam satisfaction (fairness index) and preferentially distributing the optimal subcarrier to the user with the minimum satisfaction.
i. Find user k, so that
SINR to user kkFind carrier n in the matrix such that | SINRk,n|≥|SINRk,j||j＝1,2,…,Q。
Repeating the step c until
And (6) ending.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, estimating the downlink channel condition of all sub-carriers by the user through the pilot frequency bit to obtain the channel state information;
s2: feeding back channel state information to a base station end through an uplink transmission system at regular intervals;
s3: the method comprises the steps that resource allocation is executed under the constraint of total downlink transmitting power, at the moment of each resource allocation, a base station dynamically adjusts the transmission characteristics of a transmitting end according to channel estimation parameters of all users, and the parameters which can be changed comprise the number of sub-carriers allocated by the users, a modulation mode and transmitting power;
s4: subcarrier block allocation information is fed from the base station side to each active user for data recovery by means of downlink control instructions;
s5: performing fast inverse Fourier transform on the modulated data in all the subcarrier blocks, and adding a guard interval to each symbol after serial/parallel processing to avoid intersymbol interference;
s6: the system transmits data into a broadband wireless channel;
s7: at the receiver end, the guard interval is deleted from the received data and a fast fourier transform is performed, the channel condition of the subcarrier block is estimated, and the data on the subcarrier block is demodulated according to the allocation of the subcarrier block and the modulation result provided by the base station, obtaining the recovered data.
2. The dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the method for adaptively allocating subcarriers includes the following steps:
s11: calculating M x N multipath delay spread values obtained by each user
Calculating a delay spread value
Further obtaining the sub-carrier number phi in the related bandwidth1＝floor[B1/bw]In the formula: b is1＝1/(2πΔ1))；bw＝Bw/Nc，BwIs the system bandwidth;
s12, calculating simplified channel matrix of each user on m sub-carrier
Maximum eigenvalue of
For all values
Comparing to obtain the user l with the maximum characteristic value, and obtaining the phi in the step A1Will continue from m to1Allocating the sub-carrier as a group to user I as the exclusive sub-carrier group of the user, and updating the initial position of sub-carrier allocation to the (m + phi) th position1) The position of the subcarrier waits for the next round of distribution;
s13: and repeating the steps until all the sub-carriers are distributed.
3. The dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the formula of the subcarrier self-adaptive allocation method is represented as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the maximum received signal-to-noise ratio on the ith group of subcarriers is expressed as:
4. the dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the resource allocation of step S3 includes simultaneous allocation of power and carriers, and the objective function of joint allocation of power and carriers based on the SINR condition is represented as:
wherein:
indicating the SINR requirement for user i,
fairness index P for representing user itotIs the total transmit power; pmaxSaturation power for each carrier; i omegaij|2＝{0,PmaxMeans that:
5. the dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method is based on the demand degree of each user, and aims at maximizing the minimum satisfaction degree in the users, and comprises the following specific steps:
s101: the communication demand of each user beam is sorted from large to small, namely the user is distributed with priority, such as:
s102: according to the beam priority distribution of each user, sequentially distributing an optimal subcarrier for each user;
s103: after step S12 is finished, reordering the user beam satisfaction, and preferentially allocating the best sub-carrier to the user with the minimum satisfaction;
s104: repeating the step S13 until
And (6) ending.
6. The dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the specific steps of step S102 are as follows:
(1)k＝1；
(2) SINR for user beam 11Finding the carrier n in the matrix such that | SINR1,n|≥|SINR1,j||j＝1,2,…,Q；
(3)k＝k+1；
(4) And (3) repeating the step (2) until K is equal to K.
7. The dynamic resource allocation method for a low earth orbit satellite communication system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the specific steps of step S103 are as follows:
(1) find user k, so that
(2) SINR to user kkFind carrier n in the matrix such that | SINRk,n|≥|SINRk,j||j＝1,2,…,Q。
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