CN111139594A - 一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,属于生物医学材料技术应用领域,采用明胶和二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备出明胶/二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须复合多孔材料;本发明工艺简单,便于操作,制备的材料不仅有优良的生物性能和力学强度,并且有可调控的孔洞结构,在骨修复材料方面有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,属于生物工程材料领域。
背景技术
骨组织是临床上能以再生方式完成损伤修复(骨折愈合等)的少数组织之一,其中最关键的是膜引导骨组织再生术的实际应用。膜引导骨组织再生术的原理是利用生物膜的物理屏障功能将骨病缺损区与周围组织隔离,创造一个相对封闭的组织环境,阻止上皮和纤维组织长入骨创区,保证理想的骨再生愈合空间,保护骨组织细胞增殖修复,促进骨创区良好快捷地愈合,使骨组织的再生功能得到最大程度的发挥。这种由膜引导的骨修复过程属于自然的骨再生过程,利用组织工程技术,选择适合的细胞和膜材料,为骨重建外科开辟新的治疗途径。
由于骨坏死、肿瘤、创伤、感染及先天畸形等多种疾病引起的骨缺损常见于临床,但治疗困难。目前临床上治疗骨缺损常用的方法有自体骨移植和异体骨移植。自体骨易被患者接受,但存在二次手术的损伤和痛苦,自体骨移植能最大限度地减少受区反应,但取骨量有限,会造成供区创伤等一系列潜在的并发症。异体骨取材简便,但是有免疫排斥反应,可能会传播疾病近二十年来,应用生物学和组织工程学的原理,将体外培养的高浓度的种子细胞种植于天然或人工合成的细胞外基质载体上,并复合诱导因子,然后移植于体内,构成的细胞型组织工程人工骨为临床治疗骨缺损提供了新的方法。
明胶是部分胶原(Collagen)的水解产物,它具有良好的生物相容性和弱的抗原性,是完全可以生物降解的而且还具有相对良好的粘性和诱导成骨的作用。明胶分子侧链上除了有大量的羟基外,还有许多羧基和氨基,这些基团对无机相晶体结构和形貌能产生较大的影响。Bigi等用明胶薄膜来模仿胶原蛋白和聚(丙烯酸)以模仿自然酸性宏观大分子。在1.5SBF 溶液中浸泡四天,在明胶薄膜上出现球状聚集体矿物质的矿化,经 X-射线衍射发现其具有 ACP的形貌及Ca/P比,这些晶体进行择优取向的生长并沿长轴方向,表明明胶基质中的胶原蛋白具有促进HA的矿化的潜力。
羟基磷灰石(Hydroxyapatite)简称 HAP 或 HA,分子式 Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2,是人体骨骼的主要无机成分。羟基磷灰石具有无毒性、强度高、耐腐蚀、与骨有良好的亲和力等特点,目前被广泛应用于人工骨骼等外科手术。与普通羟基磷灰石相比,羟基磷灰石晶须具有更高的表面活性,表现出独特的生物性能,因此也被称为活性羟基磷灰石。
发明内容
本发明提供一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,将明胶和二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石通过静电纺丝复合,制备具有1~20微米大孔的纳米纤维支架材料。
一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将正硅酸乙酯和无水乙醇以体积比1:5~10的比例混合,制得A液,将氨水和无水乙醇以体积比1:1~2的比例混合,制得B液;
(2)在40~50℃水浴环境中搅拌B液,将A液滴加入B液中,滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应得二氧化硅溶胶,记为C液;
(3)将羟基磷灰石晶须和无水乙醇以质量体积比g:mL为0.1~0.5:1的比例混合制得D液,将D液和C液以体积比1:5~10的比例混合,陈化,过滤、干燥并烧结,得到二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须;
(4)在40℃~90℃下,按照明胶与冰乙酸的质量体积比g:mL为10~20:100的比例,将明胶溶于冰乙酸中,磁力搅拌3h~5h,得到明胶溶液;
(5)将步骤(3)二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须加入步骤(4)的明胶溶液中,磁力搅拌6~12h,最后采用超声机分散1~3h,得到纺丝原液;
(6)采用平板接收器,电源正极接针头处,负极接钢板,取步骤(5)所得的纺丝原液进行静电纺丝得到纺丝纤维,将纺丝纤维采用交联剂进行交联,得到骨修复用多孔材料。
步骤(2)中B液的搅拌速度为100~200r/min;将A液滴加入B液中的滴加速度为0.5~1mL/min,其中A液与B液的体积比为1:1~2。
步骤(2)中滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应24~48h,搅拌速率为100~200r/min。
步骤(3)中陈化时间为24~72h。
步骤(3)中干燥方式为真空或鼓风干燥,干燥温度为30~60°C,干燥时间为24h。
步骤(3)中烧结为空气气氛烧结,烧结温度为500°C,时间为4~12h。
步骤(5)中二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须与明胶溶液的质量体积比g:mL为0.1~0.5:100。
步骤(4)和步骤(5)磁力搅拌的速度为100~200r/min。
步骤(6)中静电纺丝条件为:所用针头为15-17号,纺丝液的推进速度为0.1~0.2mm/min,正电压为16~20KV,负电压为-3.5KV,针头与接收装置的距离为15~25cm。
步骤(6)中交联剂为1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)-碳化二亚胺与N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺(EDC/NHS) 质量比为6:1混合的混合物或戊二醛;交联时间为24~36h。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明所用原料明胶、二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须均无细胞毒性,具有良好的生物相容性。
(2)本发明通过改变静电纺丝相关参数,能较好地控制纤维质量及纤维直径分布,且该结构适合细胞黏附生长。
(3)本发明制得的改性羟基磷灰石晶须的力学性能与生物学性能优良。
(4)本发明制备的改性羟基磷灰石晶须对静电纺丝薄膜有增韧作用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1二氧化硅改性的羟基磷灰石晶须SEM图;
图2为实施例1骨修复用复合多孔材料的SEM图;
图3为实施例2骨修复用复合多孔材料的SEM图;
图4为实施例3骨修复用复合多孔材料的SEM图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)量取10mL正硅酸乙酯搅拌溶解于100mL无水乙醇制得A液,量取100mL氨水搅拌溶解于100mL无水乙醇中制得B液;
(2)在40℃水浴条件下,以100r/min的速率搅拌B液,通过恒流泵将A液以0.5mL/min的滴加速度滴加入B液中,A液与B液的体积比为1:1,滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应24h,搅拌速率为100r/min,得二氧化硅溶胶,记为C液;
(3)称取5g的羟基磷灰石晶须超声分散于50mL无水乙醇中制得D液,将D液和C液以体积比1:5的比例混合,陈化24h,过滤,真空干燥箱中30°C干燥24h,然后空气气氛下、500°C烧结4h得二氧化硅改性的羟基磷灰石晶须;
(4)在40℃下,取10g明胶溶于100mL冰乙酸中,以200r/min的速度磁力搅拌3h,得到明胶溶液;
(5)将0.1g步骤(3)制得的二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须加入100mL到步骤(4)的明胶溶液当中,磁力搅拌6h,磁力搅拌的速度为100r/min,最后采用超声机分散1h,得到纺丝原液;
(6)采用15号针头,设定正电压为16KV,负电压为-3.5KV,纺丝液的推注速度为0.1mm/min,针头与接收装置的距离为15cm,电源正极接针头处,负极接钢板,将步骤(5)得到的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到纺丝纤维,将纺丝纤维采用1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)-碳化二亚胺与N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺(EDC/NHS) 质量比为6:1混合的混合物交联24h,得到骨修复用复合多孔材料。
图1为本实施例步骤(3)制备得到的二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须的SEM图,从图中可知二氧化硅均匀的附着在羟基磷灰石的表面。
图2为本实施例最后制得的骨修复用多孔材料的SEM图,从图中可知,得到的多孔纤维材料,其纤维直径分布在300-500nm,纤维直径均匀,纤维表面光滑,纤维之间形成1~20微米大孔,该多孔结构也易于细胞的生长和粘附。
本实施例得到的骨修复用复合多孔材料,拉伸强度为3.8MPa,经过检测细胞毒性为0级,即无细胞毒性。
实施例2
一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)量取10mL正硅酸乙酯搅拌溶解于50mL无水乙醇制得A液,量取50mL氨水搅拌溶解于100mL无水乙醇中制得B液;
(2)在50℃水浴条件下,以150r/min的速率搅拌B液,通过恒流泵将A液以1mL/min的滴加速度滴加入B液中,A液与B液的体积比为1:2,滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应36h,搅拌速率为150r/min,得二氧化硅溶胶,记为C液;
(3)称取4g的羟基磷灰石晶须超声分散于10mL无水乙醇中制得D液,将D液和C液以体积比1:6的比例混合,陈化48h,过滤,鼓风干燥箱中50°C干燥24h,然后空气气氛下、500°C烧结6h得二氧化硅改性的羟基磷灰石晶须;
(4)在60℃下,取20g明胶溶于100mL冰乙酸中,以150r/min的速度磁力搅拌4h,得到明胶溶液;
(5)将0.2g步骤(3)制得的二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须加入到100mL步骤(4)的明胶溶液当中,磁力搅拌10h,磁力搅拌的速度为150r/min,最后采用超声机分散2h,得到纺丝原液;
(6)采用16号针头,设定正电压为18KV,负电压为-3.5KV,纺丝液的推注速度为0.15mm/min,针头与接收装置的距离为20cm,电源正极接针头处,负极接钢板,将步骤(5)得到的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到纺丝纤维,将纺丝纤维采用1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)-碳化二亚胺与N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺(EDC/NHS) 质量比为6:1混合的混合物交联30h,得到骨修复用复合多孔材料。
图3为本实施例最后制得的骨修复用多孔材料的SEM图,从图中可知,得到的多孔纤维材料,其纤维直径分布在250-350nm,纤维直径均匀,纤维表面光滑,纤维之间形成1~20微米大孔,该多孔结构也易于细胞的生长和粘附。
本实施例得到的骨修复用复合多孔材料,拉伸强度为4.0MPa,经过检测细胞毒性为0级,即无细胞毒性。
实施例3
一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)量取10mL正硅酸乙酯搅拌溶解于80mL无水乙醇制得A液,量取40mL氨水搅拌溶解于60mL无水乙醇中制得B液;
(2)在45℃水浴条件下,以200r/min的速率搅拌B液,通过恒流泵将A液以0.8mL/min的滴加速度滴加入B液中,A液与B液的体积比为1:1.5,滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应48h,搅拌速率为200r/min,得二氧化硅溶胶,记为C液;
(3)称取5g的羟基磷灰石晶须超声分散于10mL无水乙醇中制得D液,将D液和C液以体积比1:10的比例混合,陈化72h,过滤,鼓风干燥箱中60°C干燥24h,然后空气气氛下、500°C烧结12h得二氧化硅改性的羟基磷灰石晶须;
(4)在90℃下,取15g明胶溶于100mL冰乙酸中,以100r/min的速度磁力搅拌5h,得到明胶溶液;
(5)将0.5g步骤(3)制得的二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须加入到100mL步骤(4)的明胶溶液当中,磁力搅拌12h,磁力搅拌的速度为200r/min,最后采用超声机分散3h,得到纺丝原液;
(6)采用17号针头,设定正电压为20KV,负电压为-3.5KV,纺丝液的推注速度为0.2mm/min,针头与接收装置的距离为25cm,电源正极接针头处,负极接钢板,将步骤(5)得到的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到纺丝纤维,将纺丝纤维采用戊二醛交联36h,得到骨修复用复合多孔材料。
图4为本实施例最后制得的骨修复用多孔材料的SEM图,从图中可知,得到的多孔纤维材料,其纤维直径分布在200-400nm,纤维直径均匀,纤维表面光滑,纤维之间形成1~20微米大孔,该多孔结构也易于细胞的生长和粘附。
本实施例得到的骨修复用复合多孔材料,拉伸强度为4.5MPa,细胞毒性为0级,即无细胞毒性。
Claims (10)
1.一种骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将正硅酸乙酯和无水乙醇以体积比1:5~10的比例混合,制得A液,将氨水和无水乙醇以体积比1:1~2的比例混合,制得B液;
(2)在40~50℃水浴中搅拌B液,将A液滴加入B液中,滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应得二氧化硅溶胶,记为C液;
(3)将羟基磷灰石晶须和无水乙醇以质量体积比g:mL为0.1~0.5:1的比例混合制得D液,将D液和C液以体积比1:5~10的比例混合,陈化,过滤、干燥并烧结,得到二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须;
(4)在40~90℃下,按照明胶与冰乙酸的质量体积比g:mL为10~20:100的比例,将明胶溶于冰乙酸中,磁力搅拌3~5h,得到明胶溶液;
(5)将步骤(3)二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须加入步骤(4)的明胶溶液中,磁力搅拌6~12h,最后超声分散1~3h,得到纺丝原液;
(6)采用平板接收器,电源正极接针头处,负极接钢板,取步骤(5)所得的纺丝原液进行静电纺丝得到纺丝纤维,将纺丝纤维采用交联剂进行交联,得到骨修复用多孔材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中B液的搅拌速度为100~200r/min;将A液滴加入B液中的滴加速度为0.5~1mL/min,其中A液与B液的体积比为1:1~2。
3.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中滴加完成后,继续搅拌反应24~48h,搅拌速率为100~200r/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中陈化时间为24~72h。
5.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中干燥方式为真空或鼓风干燥,干燥温度为30~60°C,干燥时间为24h。
6.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中烧结为空气气氛烧结,烧结温度为500°C,时间为4~12h。
7.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(5)中二氧化硅改性羟基磷灰石晶须与明胶溶液的质量体积比g:mL为0.1~0.5:100。
8.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)和步骤(5)磁力搅拌的速度为100~200r/min。
9.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中静电纺丝条件为:所用针头为15-17号,纺丝液的推进速度为0.1~0.2mm/min,正电压为16~20KV,负电压为-3.5KV,针头与接收装置的距离为15~25cm。
10.根据权利要求1所述骨修复用复合多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(6)中交联剂为1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)-碳化二亚胺与N-羟基硫代琥珀酰亚胺质量比为6:1混合的混合物或戊二醛;交联时间为24~36h。
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