CN111135314A - 一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物及其制备方法。所述纳米复合物具有由两亲性共聚物形成的核壳结构,内核层由二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺片段形成,外壳层由聚乙二醇片段形成,所述内核层中包裹近吲哚菁绿和疏水性胃癌化疗药物,所述外壳层表面与RGD短肽相连接。本发明的纳米复合物制剂集靶向胃癌治疗与荧光成像示踪于一体,可以实现靶向聚集在胃癌病灶成像,且同时控制药物的释放,增加靶向位点药物浓度以及提高药物作用时间,在早期胃癌的靶向诊疗和递送药物方面具有广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料和医学工程技术领域,具体涉及一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
胃癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤,每年新发病例数超过100万,且超过80%的病例诊断是已处于中晚期,每年死亡病例高达70万,因此胃癌、结直肠癌的诊断和治疗已成为亟待解决的问题。目前,内镜对部分早期病变的诊断存在困难,内镜下切除对切缘的把握也存在一定的难度,胃癌的治疗在临床上仍普遍采用口服或注射的抗癌化疗药物治疗(化疗)。然而,药物在肿瘤部位的特异性聚集效果不佳,缺乏有效的靶向技术,导致正常细胞也受到药物的攻击,不可避免的产生毒副作用;而且治疗过程与成像示踪或诊断亦不能同时进行,对迅速发展、转移的肿瘤遏制效果有限。因此,胃癌诊疗急需发展集靶向治疗与成像示踪于一体的新技术手段。
吲哚菁绿(ICG)是一种三碳菁染料,可以在血浆和全血液中几乎完全与血浆蛋白结合,可以保证其几乎完全留在血管中,不易向外扩散。吲哚菁绿是目前被美国食品药物管理局(FDA)批准用于临床的近红外成像试剂,发射波长在795~845nm之间,具有两亲性结构既亲水又亲油的特性.可作为一种优良的体内组织穿透剂。整合素在多种肿瘤细胞表面和肿瘤血管内皮细胞表面高表达,而在正常细胞和血管内细胞中低表达,RGD分子是能够特异性结合整合素的三肽序列,是肿瘤靶向研究的热点分子。有诸多研究结果显示,RGD连接荧光分子或放射性核素具有一定的肿瘤靶向显像功能,然而RGD与荧光分子或放射性核素偶联物分子量较小,在体内代谢速度快,容易被清除,导致靶向性较差。因此,使用良好生物相容性的载体将荧光分子和RGD短肽分子输送至肿瘤部位,是目前胃癌诊断方式面临的重要课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足之处而提供一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物及其制备方法,该纳米复合物集靶向胃癌治疗与荧光成像示踪于一体,可以实现靶向聚集在胃癌病灶成像,且同时控制药物的释放,增加靶向位点药物浓度以及提高药物作用时间,在早期胃癌的靶向诊疗和递送药物方面具有广泛的应用前景。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案如下:
一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,所述纳米复合物具有由两亲性共聚物形成的核壳结构,内核层由二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺片段形成,外壳层由聚乙二醇片段形成,所述内核层中包裹吲哚菁绿和疏水性胃癌化疗药物,所述外壳层表面与RGD短肽相连接。
本发明利用两亲性聚合物修饰荧光分子吲哚菁绿,同时包覆疏水性胃癌化疗药物,最后修饰RGD短肽分子合成纳米荧光探针,结合纳米分子的被动靶向性、RGD短肽的主动靶向性及荧光分子显像达到肿瘤治疗和荧光显影一体化的目的,有望开发出能有效改善胃癌诊断和治疗效果的多功能靶向纳米药物载体系统。
优选地,所述两亲性共聚物为二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺,;所述疏水性胃癌化疗药物包括阿霉素、5-氟尿嘧啶、紫杉醇、顺铂中的至少一种。
优选地,所述两亲性共聚物为二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺,更优选地,二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺的分子量为2805.5,可形成两亲性纳米胶束。
本发明以能靶向胃癌血管内皮细胞的RGD短肽(氨基酸序列为:Arg-Gly-Asp)为靶标,制备聚合物纳米胶束载体(DSPE-PEG-Mal),同时将吲哚菁绿通过疏水静电作用与载体组装复合在一起,最后在疏水内核吸附药物阿霉素,合成载药胶束(DSPE-PEG/ICG/DOX-RGD),构筑用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物。
本发明的纳米复合物采用两亲性共聚物形成的一种核壳结构,其内核层由疏水性二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺片段形成,外壳层由亲水性聚乙二醇片段形成,疏水性胃癌化疗药物和ICG被包裹于内核层中,RGD多肽分子通过化学键连接在胶束亲水表面。本发明的纳米复合物可以实现靶向聚集在胃癌病灶部位成像,且同时控制药物的释放,在胃癌的靶向诊疗和药物缓释方面具有广泛的应用前景。
优选地,所述纳米复合物包含以下重量份的组分:二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺5~20份、吲哚菁绿1~5份、疏水性胃癌化疗药物0.5~1份和RGD短肽百万分之一至十万分之一份。以上组分可形成吲哚菁绿和疏水性胃癌化疗药物包覆在纳米复合物疏水层,RGD短肽连接在亲水段的纳米复合载药胶束。
优选地,所述纳米复合物的粒径为50~200nm。
优选地,所述RGD短肽的氨基酸序列为Arg-Gly-Asp。
本发明还提供了上述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将吲哚菁绿加入四氢呋喃中,并加入二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺和疏水性胃癌化疗药物混合,室温条件下超声,然后浓缩除去四氢呋喃;
(2)冷却至室温,超声条件下加入去离子水,过滤后超滤离心,取上层透明的水相溶液,冷冻干燥,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制成溶液,加入RGD短肽,反应;
(4)将步骤(3)的反应液在蒸馏水中透析,透析后的溶液冷冻干燥得到所述纳米复合物。
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,超声时间为5~10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺、胃癌化疗药物和吲哚菁绿三者在四氢呋喃中充分混合并分散,浓缩为在70℃水浴上抽真空后旋转蒸发。
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,超声时间为5~15min,加入去离子水为20mL,超声过程中聚合物自组装,包覆阿霉素和吲哚菁绿,形成纳米胶束粒子;过滤所用的滤膜的孔径为220nm,冷冻干燥时间为10~20h,得到的纳米复合物具有良好的分散性。
优选地,所述步骤(3)中,将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制成浓度为2mg/mL的溶液,加入RGD短肽的反应时间为4~12h,RGD短肽的巯基和纳米复合物表面的马来酰亚胺基团可充分反应。
优选地,所述步骤(4)中,透析所用的透析袋的截留分子量为5000D,透析过程中每隔6h换水一次,去除游离未反应的RGD短肽。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
本发明的纳米复合物制剂集靶向胃癌治疗与荧光成像示踪于一体,可以实现靶向聚集在胃癌病灶成像,且同时控制药物的释放,增加靶向位点药物浓度以及提高药物作用时间,在早期胃癌的靶向诊疗和递送药物方面具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图2为实施例2制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图3为实施例3制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图4为实施例4制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图5为对比例1制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图6为对比例2制备的纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜照片图。
图7为实施例1、实施例2和对比例3的纳米复合物中ICG载药率和包封率。
图8为实施例1、实施例2和对比例3的纳米复合物中阿霉素载药率和包封率。
图9为效果例1中的激光共聚焦图像。
图10为效果例2中的肿瘤体积的生长曲线图。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例中,所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到,其中,RGD短肽来源于上海楚肽生物科技有限公司,其氨基酸序列为Arg-Gly-Asp。以下选用的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺的分子量为2805.5。
实施例1
本发明纳米复合物的一个实施例,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分1份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分5份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和重量组分0.5份的阿霉素混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制浓度为2mg/mL的胶束溶液2.5mL,加入重量组分一百万分之一份RGD短肽,反应12h;
(4)用5000D的透析袋在蒸馏水中透析除去游离的RGD短肽,6h换水一次;将胶束水溶液冷冻干燥得到本发明的纳米复合物。
用动态激光光散射仪测定本实施例的纳米复合物的粒径分布,图1为本实施例诊疗一体化制剂的透射电子显微镜照片图。由图1可知,本实施例的平均粒径为122nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.125,分散比较均匀。
实施例2
本发明纳米复合物的一个实施例,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分5份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分20份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和重量组分1份的阿霉素混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制浓度为2mg/mL的胶束溶液2.5mL,加入重量组分十万分之一份RGD短肽,反应12h;
(4)用5000D的透析袋在蒸馏水中透析除去游离的RGD短肽,6h换水一次;将胶束水溶液冷冻干燥得到本发明的纳米复合物。
用动态激光光散射仪测定本实施例的纳米复合物的粒径分布,图2为本实施例诊疗一体化制剂的透射电子显微镜照片图。由图2可知,本实施例的平均粒径为134nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.104,分散比较均匀。
实施例3
本发明纳米复合物的一个实施例,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分2份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分10份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和重量组分0.6份的阿霉素混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制浓度为2mg/mL的胶束溶液2.5mL,加入重量组分二十万分之一份RGD短肽,反应12h;
(4)用5000D的透析袋在蒸馏水中透析除去游离的RGD短肽,6h换水一次;将胶束水溶液冷冻干燥得到本发明的纳米复合物。由图3可知,本实施例的平均粒径为128nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.124,分散比较均匀。
实施例4
本发明纳米复合物的一个实施例,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分2份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分10份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和重量组分0.6份的阿霉素混合后,室温条件下超声5min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴50℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用5min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥10h,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制浓度为2mg/mL的胶束溶液2.5mL,加入重量组分二十万分之一份RGD短肽,反应12h;
(4)用5000D的透析袋在蒸馏水中透析除去游离的RGD短肽,6h换水一次;将胶束水溶液冷冻干燥得到本发明的纳米复合物。由图4可知,本实施例的平均粒径为143nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.247,分散比较均匀。
对比例1
本对比例的纳米复合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分1份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分5份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和吲哚菁绿充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体。
用动态激光光散射仪测定本对比例的纳米复合物的粒径分布,图5为本对比例制剂的透射电子显微镜照片图。由图5可知,平均粒径为102nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.128,分散比较均匀。
对比例2
本对比例的纳米复合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分1份的吲哚菁绿和重量组分0.5份的阿霉素,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分5份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体。
用动态激光光散射仪测定本对比例的纳米复合物的粒径分布,图6为本对比例制剂的透射电子显微镜照片图。由图6可知,平均粒径为134nm,粒子呈球形,多分散性为0.135,分散比较均匀。
对比例3
本对比例的纳米复合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)称取重量组分0.5份的吲哚菁绿,加入5mL四氢呋喃,将混合物与重量组分25份的二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺和重量组分1.5份的阿霉素混合后,室温条件下超声10min,使二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺、吲哚菁绿和阿霉素充分分散和溶解,混合后将圆底烧瓶置于旋转蒸发仪上,水浴70℃,抽至真空后旋转蒸发;当有机溶剂蒸发殆尽后,纳米结构由油相成功转至水相;
(2)待其冷却至室温后,超声探头作用15min使其分散;经220nm滤膜过滤后再超滤离心,去除底部沉淀物,取上层透明的水相纳米结构的溶液,然后冷冻干燥20h,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制浓度为2mg/mL的胶束溶液2.5mL,加入重量组分十万分之二份RGD短肽,反应12h;
(4)用5000D的透析袋在蒸馏水中透析除去游离的RGD短肽,6h换水一次;将胶束水溶液冷冻干燥得到本发明的纳米复合物。
效果例1实施例1、实施例2和对比例3的纳米复合物中ICG和阿霉素包载效果对比
利用UV-Vis分光光度计扫描DMSO溶解的不同浓度的吲哚菁绿和阿霉素,波长范围为550~950nm,取最大吸收峰的吸收度作标准曲线。利用UV-Vis分光光度计对DMSO溶解的实施例1、实施例2和对比例3的样品溶液进行紫外光谱扫描,测试其最大吸收峰处的吸光值。
通过标准曲线计算出样品溶液浓度,进而求出载药率和包封率
载药率=载体所含药物质量/药物载体总质量
包封率=载体所含药物质量/投料药物总质量
如图7和图8所示,实施例1、实施例2和对比例3的纳米复合物中ICG载药率分别为13.1%、16.8%和1.30%,包封率分别为85.0%、87.5%和70.2%。因此实施例1和实施例2的纳米复合物对ICG的包载效果优于对比例3
效果例2实施例1和对比例1的纳米复合物的体外荧光显影效果
将1×105个SGC7901细胞铺于30mm共聚焦专用皿中,隔夜贴壁后,将靶向及非靶向纳米载药材料用DMEM培养基稀释至含30μg/mL(以ICG含量计算),在37℃与细胞孵育12h。以PBS洗涤三次后,以4%多聚甲醛固定1h。PBS洗涤3次后,用DAPI避光染色2min,再以PBS充分洗涤3次,皿底玻片上滴入防淬灭剂,盖上盖玻片封片。最后,将细胞置于激光共聚焦显微镜下,365nm和633nm的激发光分别观察细胞核和ICG的荧光,记录细胞对纳米复合物的细胞摄取情况,共聚焦图像如图9所示。
由图9可知,CLSM不仅可以定性细胞对纳米复合物的摄入,还可以明确进入细胞后的纳米粒子在细胞内的分布。由于DAPI定位了细胞核(图中的蓝色),并通过明场定位了整个细胞(图中的Bright Field),因此通过对比ICG(图中的红色)与蓝色的DAPI和明场的重合区域(图中的Merge),从而明确ICG在细胞内的具体分布区域。通过共聚焦显微镜观察两实验组细胞荧光强度,发现靶向纳米复合物(实施例1)孵育过的细胞胞质内红色ICG荧光强度明显高于无靶向纳米复合物(对比例1),具有良好的荧光显影功能。
效果例3实施例2和对比例2的纳米复合物的治疗效果
BALB/c裸鼠雌鼠(6周龄,18-20g)所有动物实验过程经过实验动物伦理委员会的审批,符合实验动物的福利要求。肿瘤模型的构建:以皮下注射方式种植3×10个SGC7901细胞于每只裸鼠的右下肢上侧;注射2周后,筛选得到具有低渗透性的裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型。肿瘤体积V=a×b2/2,其中a为肿瘤的长径,b为肿瘤的短径。荷瘤裸鼠随机分为3组,每组5只;3组裸鼠分别静脉注射PBS、无靶向纳米复合物(对比例2)和靶向纳米复合物(实施例2);跟踪记录裸鼠在未来2周内肿瘤体积和体重的变化
通过活体抑瘤实验进一步验证了本发明靶向纳米复合物对肿瘤的疗效。由图10可知,接受靶向纳米复合物(实施例2)的肿瘤显示了相比于无靶向纳米复合物(对比例2)和PBS空白对照组的显著抑瘤效果。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,其特征在于,所述纳米复合物具有由两亲性共聚物形成的核壳结构,内核层由二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺片段形成,外壳层由聚乙二醇片段形成,所述内核层中包裹近吲哚菁绿和疏水性胃癌化疗药物,所述外壳层表面与RGD短肽相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,其特征在于,所述两亲性共聚物为二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺,优选为二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇2000-马来酰亚胺;所述疏水性胃癌化疗药物包括阿霉素、5-氟尿嘧啶、紫杉醇、顺铂中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,其特征在于,所述纳米复合物包含以下重量份的组分:二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺5~20份、吲哚菁绿1~5份、疏水性胃癌化疗药物0.5~1份和RGD短肽百万分之一至十万分之一份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,其特征在于,所述纳米复合物的粒径为50~200nm。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物,其特征在于,所述RGD短肽的氨基酸序列为Arg-Gly-Asp。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将吲哚菁绿加入四氢呋喃中,并加入二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇-马来酰亚胺和疏水性胃癌化疗药物混合,室温条件下超声,然后浓缩除去四氢呋喃;
(2)冷却至室温,超声条件下加入去离子水,过滤后超滤离心,取上层透明的水相溶液,冷冻干燥,得到粉末状固体;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制成溶液,加入RGD短肽,反应;
(4)将步骤(3)的反应液在蒸馏水中透析,透析后的溶液冷冻干燥得到所述纳米复合物。
7.权利要求6所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,超声时间为5~10min,浓缩为在50~70℃水浴抽真空后旋转蒸发。
8.权利要求6所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,超声时间为5~15min,过滤所用的滤膜的孔径为220nm,冷冻干燥时间为10~20h。
9.权利要求6所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,将步骤(2)得到的粉末状固体配制成浓度为2mg/mL的溶液,加入RGD短肽的反应时间为4~12h。
10.权利要求6所述的用于胃癌早期诊断和治疗的纳米复合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中,透析所用的透析袋的截留分子量为5000D,透析过程中每隔6h换水一次。
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