CN111073288A - Polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
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- B29C48/59—Screws characterised by details of the thread, i.e. the shape of a single thread of the material-feeding screw
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a polyphenylene sulfide composite material with a low linear expansion coefficient and a preparation method thereof, wherein the polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite, the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant are mixed in a mixer after being prepared to obtain a mixture, the mixture passes through a main feeding port, the phlogopite passes through a side feeding port and is fed into a double-screw extruder through a metering device, the temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled to be 250-300 ℃, the rotating speed is 400-600rpm, and the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient is obtained by mixing the double-screw extruder, extruding through an oral die, bracing, cooling and granulating. Compared with the prior art, the high-filling inorganic mineral material is adopted to reduce the linear expansion coefficient of the PPS material, so that the product of the PPS composite material has higher dimensional stability, meets certain products with high requirements on dimensional stability and rigidity, and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of composite polyphenylene sulfide, in particular to a low-linear expansion coefficient polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) is an important special engineering plastic, has excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, and is widely applied to industries such as automobiles, household appliances, electronics and the like. With the rapid development of industries such as automobiles, household appliances and the like, the requirement for replacing steel with plastic is more and more obvious, and the requirement of the industries on materials is more and more critical, for example, the shrinkage or expansion of a plastic part can influence the precision of the part, further a gap can be generated, and the attractiveness is influenced. The linear expansion coefficient is an important characteristic for characterizing the dimensional stability of the material, and the linear expansion coefficient refers to the ratio of the change of the length of the solid substance when the temperature of the solid substance is changed by 1 ℃ to the length of the solid substance when the temperature of the solid substance is changed by 0 ℃, and the better the expansion coefficient of the material is, the better the dimensional stability of the material is. The PPS plastic can also keep higher mechanical property and dimensional stability under the action of long-term working load and thermal load, and can be used in a high-temperature stress environment. The expansion coefficient of the PPS material is generally 5-6 x 10-5For large products with high requirements on dimensional accuracy, gaps are easily caused by using the material with the expansion coefficient, so that how to further reduce the expansion coefficient of the PPS material and ensure the dimensional stability of the PPS material products has important significance.
Chinese patent CN109096759A discloses a high dimensional stability polymer composite material product and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a polyarylene sulfide based composite material with high dimensional stability, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-70 parts of polyarylene sulfide resin, 10-50 parts of reinforcing fiber, 5-40 parts of size stabilizer, 0.5-3 parts of interface control agent and 0-10 parts of compatibilizer, wherein 10-50 parts of reinforcing fiber used in the patent can cause the problems of poor surface smoothness, easy warping and the like in the post processing of materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide the low-linear expansion coefficient polyphenylene sulfide composite material and the preparation method thereof, and solve the technical problem that the linear expansion coefficient of polyphenylene sulfide cannot be further reduced in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite, the phlogopite with the content can obviously reduce the thermal expansion coefficient of the material, the impact property of the material is kept, the addition amount is lower than 30, the effect of reducing the thermal expansion coefficient cannot be achieved, the addition amount is higher than 70, the impact property of the material is reduced too much, and in addition, the material is difficult to process.
The matrix resin is polyester with reactive functional groups.
The matrix resin comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate glycol, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol ester or polyethylene naphthalate.
The antioxidant is selected from one or more of Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076, Irganox B900 or Irganox 168 of CIBA refining company.
The lubricant is selected from one or more of silicone oil, white mineral oil, fatty acid amide, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, paraffin, polyethylene wax, ethylene bisstearamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.
The preparation method of the low-linear expansion coefficient polyphenylene sulfide composite material comprises the following steps of:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite;
(2) the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the raw materials, placing matrix resin, an antioxidant and a lubricant in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder through a main feeding port and phlogopite through a side feeding port by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃ and the rotating speed to be 400-600rpm, mixing by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing into strips, cooling and granulating through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
The screw thread elements with the lead of 33-70 are arranged at the feeding port, so that the feeding of the extruder is facilitated.
The length-diameter ratio of the screw of the double-screw extruder is (32-52), the length-diameter ratio in the range can meet the design of a side feeding screw combination and the placement of the large-lead thread element, and the large-lead thread element has longer material positive displacement distance in one rotation, so that the large-lead thread element is beneficial to the feeding of the extruder and has higher conveying efficiency.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is convenient to operate and use, and the high-filling inorganic minerals reduce the linear expansion coefficient of the PPS material, so that the product made of the PPS composite material has higher dimensional stability, and meets certain products with high requirements on dimensional stability and rigidity. In addition, during processing and preparation, because high-proportion low-bulk density inorganic minerals (difficult to feed) need to be fed laterally, a proper screw combination is designed aiming at the situation, and the thread element is designed into a large-lead thread element at the feed port, so that the feeding is facilitated, and the production efficiency can be improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The preparation method of the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite, wherein the matrix resin used in the system is polyester with reactive functional groups, such as polycarbonate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol ester or polyethylene naphthalate, the antioxidant is selected from one or more of Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076, Irganox B900 or Irganox 168 of CIBA refining company, the lubricant is selected from one or more of silicone oil, white mineral oil, fatty acid amide, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, paraffin, polyethylene wax, ethylene bisstearamide, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, the surface of phlogopite is not treated, and is in the shape of a sheet, Silver element, rod or sphere, with particle size of 10-200 μm;
(2) the preparation method comprises the steps of preparing raw materials, placing matrix resin, an antioxidant and a lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture, enabling the mixture to pass through a main feeding port, enabling phlogopite to pass through a side feeding port, feeding the phlogopite into a double-screw extruder through a metering device, arranging a large-lead threaded element with a lead of 33-70 at the feeding port, facilitating feeding of the extruder, controlling the length-diameter ratio of a screw of the double-screw extruder to be 32-52, enabling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, enabling the rotating speed to be 400 plus of 600rpm, mixing the materials by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling and pelletizing through a die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide.
The following are more detailed embodiments, and the technical solutions and the technical effects obtained by the present invention will be further described by the following embodiments.
Example 1
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite is PW80 from Lei-Shi company, and the particle size is 35-95 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination, controlling the rotating speed to be 400 plus materials at 600rpm, mixing the mixture by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 2
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite is PW80 from Lei-Shi company, and the particle size is 35-95 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination, controlling the rotating speed to be 400 plus materials at 600rpm, mixing the mixture by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 3
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the matrix resin is PPS1130C of Xinhe Zhejiang province company, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite has the shape of 20-40 mu m in particle size;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination, controlling the rotating speed to be 400 plus materials at 600rpm, mixing the mixture by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 4
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite is PW80 from Lei-Shi company, and the particle size is 35-95 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination, controlling the rotating speed to be 400 plus materials at 600rpm, mixing the mixture by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 5
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite is PW80 from Lei-Shi company, and the particle size is 35-95 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination (the lateral feeding part is designed to be a large-lead threaded element), controlling the rotation speed to be 400 plus one 600rpm, and after the double-screw extruder is mixed, performing extrusion through a die, bracing, cooling, granulating and the like to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 6
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the matrix resin is polyester with reactive functional group, the embodiment adopts polyethylene glycol terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexane dimethanol ester, the antioxidant is Irganox 1010, the lubricant is mixture of paraffin and polyethylene wax, the surface of phlogopite is not processed, the shape is sheet, and the grain diameter is 10 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (2) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination (the side feeding part is designed to be a threaded element with a lead of 33, the length-diameter ratio of the screw is 32), controlling the rotating speed to be 400rpm, mixing by the double-screw extruder, and then performing extrusion, strip drawing, cooling, grain cutting and the like through a die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 7
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
the matrix resin is polyester with reactive functional groups, polycarbonate, an antioxidant Irganox 1076, a lubricant which is a mixture of silicone oil and white mineral oil, and phlogopite surfaces which are not treated are in a silver element shape and have a particle size of 100 microns;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (2) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination (the lateral feeding part is designed to be a threaded element with a lead of 70, the length-diameter ratio of the screw is 52), controlling the rotating speed to be 600rpm, mixing by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through a die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Example 8
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein, the matrix resin is polyester with reactive functional group, polyethylene naphthalate, antioxidant Irganox 168, lubricant barium stearate, and phlogopite surface are adopted in the embodiment, the shape is spherical, and the particle size is 200 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (2) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a specially designed combination (the lateral feeding part is designed to be a threaded element with a lead of 60, the length-diameter ratio of the screw is 48), controlling the rotating speed to be 500rpm, mixing by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through a die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
Comparative example 1
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
a matrix resin 100;
0.2 of antioxidant;
1, a lubricant;
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer,
(2) And (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, controlling the temperature of a double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, enabling the screw combination to be a combination with a specific design, enabling the rotating speed to be 400-600, mixing the mixture by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing strips, cooling, granulating and the like through a die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
The PPS materials with low linear expansion coefficients prepared in the examples 1 to 5 are tested, the expansion coefficients of the PPS materials are compared, and the processing efficiency of the PPS materials is compared, and the following table 1 is summarized.
Comparative example 2
A low linear expansion polyphenylene sulfide composite material and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight:
wherein the matrix resin is PPS1130C from Xinhe company of Zhejiang province, the antioxidant is Irganox B900, the lubricant is ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the phlogopite is PW80 from Lei-Shi company, and the particle size is 35-95 μm;
(2) and (2) mixing the raw materials according to the step (1), and putting the matrix resin, the antioxidant and the lubricant into a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture. And (3) feeding the mixture mainly, feeding the phlogopite laterally by a forced feeder, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃, controlling the screw combination to be a conventional screw combination with the rotating speed of 400-600-.
TABLE 1 comparison of the coefficients of expansion for the examples
| Coefficient of expansion (10-5/. degree.C.) | |
| Example 1 | 3.8 |
| Example 2 | 3.3 |
| Example 3 | 2.9 |
| Example 4 | 2.5 |
| Example 5 | 2.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.0 |
TABLE 2 comparison of working properties
From tables 1 and 2, the following conclusions can be drawn:
a. the technology is simple and easy to implement, the inorganic mineral can reduce the expansion coefficient of the material, and the expansion coefficient is reduced along with the increase of the part of the inorganic mineral.
b. Through the screw rod combined design, the high-filling-ratio feeding is feasible, the feeding is facilitated, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite.
2. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low coefficient of linear expansion as claimed in claim 1, wherein said matrix resin is polyester with reactive functional group.
3. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with a low linear expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the matrix resin comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate glycol, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate-1, 4-cyclohexanedimethanol ester or polyethylene naphthalate.
4. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is selected from one or more of Irganox 1010, Irganox 1076, Irganox B900 or Irganox 168 of CIBA refining company.
5. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lubricant is selected from one or more of silicone oil, white mineral oil, fatty acid amide, barium stearate, magnesium stearate, paraffin wax, polyethylene wax, ethylene bis-stearic acid amide, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.
6. The polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface of the phlogopite is untreated, and the phlogopite is in the shape of a sheet, a silver element, a rod or a sphere, and has a particle size of 10 μm to 200 μm.
7. The method for preparing the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low linear expansion coefficient as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
(1) preparing the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of matrix resin, 0.1-1 part of antioxidant, 0.5-2 parts of lubricant and 30-70 parts of phlogopite;
(2) the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the raw materials, placing matrix resin, an antioxidant and a lubricant in a mixer for mixing to obtain a mixture, feeding the mixture into a double-screw extruder through a main feeding port and phlogopite through a side feeding port by a metering device, controlling the temperature of the double-screw extruder to be 250-300 ℃ and the rotating speed to be 400-600rpm, mixing by the double-screw extruder, and then extruding, drawing into strips, cooling and granulating through an oral die to obtain the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient.
8. The method for preparing polyphenylene sulfide composite material with low coefficient of linear expansion as claimed in claim 7, wherein a large lead screw element is provided at the feeding port.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the lead of the high-lead threaded element is 33-70.
10. The method for preparing the polyphenylene sulfide composite material with the low linear expansion coefficient as claimed in claim 7, wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw of the twin-screw extruder is 32-52.
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