CN111076479A - Household refrigeration equipment for realizing ultralow-temperature storage by using non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant - Google Patents
Household refrigeration equipment for realizing ultralow-temperature storage by using non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111076479A CN111076479A CN201911235529.0A CN201911235529A CN111076479A CN 111076479 A CN111076479 A CN 111076479A CN 201911235529 A CN201911235529 A CN 201911235529A CN 111076479 A CN111076479 A CN 111076479A
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 179
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009920 food preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
- F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/006—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant containing more than one component
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/045—Air flow control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2600/00—Control issues
- F25D2600/06—Controlling according to a predetermined profile
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a household refrigeration device for realizing ultralow temperature storage by using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, which is provided with a refrigeration system, wherein the refrigeration system comprises: the condenser comprises a first condenser and a second condenser which are arranged in series, and the second condenser is arranged at a refrigerant outflow end of the first condenser; the evaporator comprises a first evaporator and an air return pipe which are arranged in series, the air return pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the first evaporator, and the air return pipe and the second condenser are thermally coupled together to form a heat exchange relationship. The household refrigeration equipment is thermally coupled with the second condenser through the air return pipe and uses non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, so that the refrigeration equipment can realize ultralow-temperature storage at the temperature of below forty ℃ below zero. The household refrigeration equipment is provided with a refrigerating chamber and an ultra-low temperature freezing chamber, and the refrigerating and ultra-low temperature freezing storage are realized simultaneously by controlling the opening and closing of air doors of the refrigerating chamber and the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to refrigeration equipment, in particular to household refrigeration equipment capable of realizing ultralow-temperature storage by using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant. The invention belongs to the technical field of refrigeration.
Background
With the continuous improvement of life quality, daily families have new requirements on the preservation of high-end food materials such as deep sea seafood, precious medicinal materials and the like, and the requirements on the cooling speed of refrigeration equipment and the minimum refrigeration temperature which can be achieved are higher and higher, so that people also put forward new requirements on the low-temperature refrigeration storage technology of traditional refrigeration equipment.
However, in the current market of traditional household appliances, the freezing temperature of the household refrigeration equipment can only reach about-18 ℃ to-24 ℃, blood flows out when meat put into the traditional household refrigeration equipment for freezing is thawed, blackheads appear after fresh shrimps are thawed, and the phenomena of skin breaking and the like in the dumpling freezing process occur, namely, the freezing temperature is not low enough, the cooling speed is low, so that the nutrient loss of food is caused, and the requirement of a user on food preservation can not be met.
For high-grade aquatic products and some rare medicinal materials and other foods, the common freezing and refrigerating temperature cannot well preserve the foods, and the temperature of an ultralow-temperature freezing chamber of refrigeration equipment needs to be further reduced to minus 40 ℃ to minus 70 ℃.
At present, the refrigeration equipment capable of realizing the storage temperature of-40 ℃ to-70 ℃ mainly adopts 2 technologies:
1. r290 refrigerant is adopted in the refrigeration equipment, and the refrigeration equipment is matched with a variable frequency compressor to obtain larger refrigerating output by increasing the rotating speed of the compressor. The technology has the advantages of high power consumption, high product noise, single storage room, no refrigeration function, and capacity of meeting the requirements of different kinds of low-temperature storage on one refrigeration equipment.
2. The refrigerating equipment adopts a two-stage compression throttling cascade system, adopts mixed refrigerant, and is divided into a high-temperature stage and a low-temperature stage. The cold energy generated by the high temperature stage is used to condense the low temperature stage refrigerant, and the low compartment temperature is realized through the evaporation of the low temperature stage. The technology is generally used in the commercial field, is mature in technology and wide in application, but has the defects of complex refrigeration equipment system, poor reliability and high manufacturing cost, and is not suitable for household users.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a domestic refrigeration appliance. In particular to a household refrigeration device which has simple structure, high reliability and low manufacturing cost and can simultaneously realize refrigeration and ultralow temperature freezing storage.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the invention relates to a household refrigeration device for realizing ultralow temperature storage by using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, which is provided with a refrigeration system, wherein the refrigeration system comprises: compressor, condenser, evaporimeter, its characterized in that: the condenser comprises a first condenser and a second condenser which are arranged in series, and the second condenser is arranged at the refrigerant outflow end of the first condenser; the evaporator comprises a first evaporator and an air return pipe which are arranged in series, the air return pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the first evaporator, and the air return pipe and the second condenser are thermally coupled together to form a heat exchange relationship;
the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is compressed by a compressor and flows into a first condenser for first condensation and heat release, and then the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passes through a second condenser; after the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the gas return pipe in the second condenser, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant continues to condense and release heat in the second condenser, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the gas return pipe absorbs heat from the second condenser to evaporate; the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the second condenser enters the first evaporator for evaporation and heat absorption after passing through the throttling device, the evaporation and heat absorption are continued in the air return pipe, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the air return pipe flows into the compressor.
Further optionally, the non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture at least comprises a high-boiling point refrigerant and a low-boiling point refrigerant, wherein the high-boiling point refrigerant has a boiling point in a range of [ -30 ℃ and-10 ℃) and the low-boiling point refrigerant has a boiling point in a range of [ -50 ℃ and-30 ℃) at an ambient temperature of 25 ℃ to 40 ℃.
Further optionally, the high boiling point refrigerant comprises at least one of the following components: r600 a; the low boiling point refrigerant comprises at least one of the following components: and R290.
Further optionally, the high boiling point refrigerant is condensed in the first condenser, and when the ambient temperature is in the range of 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, the condensation temperature range to be reached in the first condenser is [30 ℃,45 ℃); the low boiling point refrigerant is condensed in the second condenser through heat exchange with the air return pipe, and the condensation temperature range reached by the second condenser is [ -30 ℃ and-10 ℃; the range of the evaporation temperature to be reached by the first evaporator is [ -35 ℃, -20 ℃ ]; the range of evaporation temperature that the muffler needs to reach is [ -50 ℃, -40 ℃ ].
Further optionally, the mass ratio of the high boiling point of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is in the range of [ 55%, 60% ]; the mass ratio of the low boiling point refrigerant ranges from 40% to 45%.
Further optionally, the non-azeotropic mixture refrigerant contains a high boiling point refrigerant R600a and a low boiling point refrigerant R290.
Further optionally, the mass ratio of the high boiling point refrigerant R600a to the low boiling point refrigerant R290 is 55%: 45 percent.
Further optionally, the air return pipe and the second condenser in the household refrigeration equipment for realizing ultra-low temperature storage by using the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant are thermally coupled through a shell-and-tube heat exchange device, and heat exchange is realized through the shell-and-tube heat exchange device, the air return pipe forms a pipe-side flow path, the pipe-side flow path flows in the low-pressure refrigerant, the second condenser forms a shell-side flow path, and the shell-side flow path flows in the high-pressure refrigerant.
Further optionally, a first evaporator is arranged in an air duct of the household refrigeration equipment, the household refrigeration equipment is provided with a refrigerating chamber and an ultra-low temperature freezing chamber, the refrigerating chamber is provided with a first air door, the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber is provided with a second air door, and the first air door and the second air door are both connected with the air duct; and respectively controlling the opening and closing of the first air door and the second air door according to the preset temperatures of the refrigerating chamber and the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber.
[ PROBLEMS ] the present invention
In the invention, the second condenser is arranged in the refrigeration system of the refrigeration equipment, the heat exchange between the second condenser and the air return pipe is realized through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is applied in the refrigeration system, so that the ultralow temperature storage can be realized by the domestic refrigeration equipment through a single-stage overlapping principle. The household refrigeration equipment can realize ultralow-temperature storage at the temperature of-40 ℃ or below, and can basically meet the requirement of ultralow-temperature refrigeration storage in family life. The refrigerating system in the household refrigerating equipment has a simple structure, and can realize single-stage overlapping of the refrigerating system under the condition of adding fewer parts compared with the common household refrigerating equipment, thereby realizing the ultralow-temperature storage function which is not possessed by the common household equipment. Compared with commercial ultralow-temperature refrigeration equipment, the single-stage cascade refrigeration system in the refrigeration equipment has high reliability and higher refrigeration cycle efficiency compared with a two-stage cascade refrigeration system in the commercial refrigeration equipment.
The non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture used in the present invention is a high boiling point refrigerant R600a and a low boiling point refrigerant R290. Compared with the method that only R290 refrigerant is adopted, the refrigeration equipment has lower power consumption and the compressor is easier to select.
Compared with the refrigerating equipment which only has a single freezing temperature zone and can only be used for ultralow-temperature storage in the prior art, the household refrigerating equipment provided by the invention is provided with the refrigerating chamber and the freezing chamber for ultralow-temperature storage, and can meet the requirements of refrigeration and freezing of users at the same time.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. The drawings described below are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be derived by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system of a refrigeration appliance in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a left side view of the structure of the refrigerating apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a rear view of the structure of the refrigerating apparatus in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a shell and tube heat exchange unit in an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure:
refrigeration equipment-100; refrigerator case-110; a refrigeration cabinet-120; a refrigerator compartment-121; ultra-low temperature freezer-122; a foamed layer-130; a fastener-140; a support part-141;
a shell and tube heat exchange unit-150; a heat exchange device housing-151; a heat exchange device tube-152; a first cavity-153; a second lumen-154; a1, a2 — high pressure refrigerant flow direction in the first cavity; b1, B2 — low pressure refrigerant flow direction in the second chamber;
refrigeration system-200; a compressor-210; a first condenser-221; anti-condensation tube-230; a second condenser-222; a drier-filter-240; throttling means-250; a first evaporator-260; a muffler-270;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and "a" and "an" generally include at least two, but do not exclude at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.
[ example 1 ]
The embodiment provides a specific implementation example of household refrigeration equipment for realizing ultralow-temperature storage by using a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, and the household refrigeration equipment can be equipment which can realize refrigeration and is suitable for household life, such as a household refrigerator and a household refrigerator. In the present embodiment, a household refrigerator is taken as an example to illustrate a specific embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides a household refrigerating apparatus for ultra-low temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant, which has a refrigerating system comprising: compressor, condenser, evaporimeter, its characterized in that: the condenser comprises a first condenser and a second condenser which are arranged in series, and the second condenser is arranged at the refrigerant outflow end of the first condenser; the evaporator comprises a first evaporator and an air return pipe which are arranged in series, the air return pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the first evaporator, and the air return pipe and the second condenser are thermally coupled together to form a heat exchange relationship;
the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is compressed by a compressor and flows into a first condenser for first condensation and heat release, and then the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passes through a second condenser; after the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the gas return pipe in the second condenser, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant continues to condense and release heat in the second condenser, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the gas return pipe absorbs heat from the second condenser to evaporate; the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the second condenser enters the first evaporator for evaporation and heat absorption after passing through the throttling device, the evaporation and heat absorption are continued in the air return pipe, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the air return pipe flows into the compressor.
Specifically, the refrigeration apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a compressor 210, a first condenser 221, a condensation preventing pipe 230, a second condenser 222, a dry filter 240, a throttle device 250, a first evaporator 260, and a return air pipe 270, as shown in fig. 1. The direction of the arrows in fig. 2 is the refrigerant flow direction of the refrigeration apparatus in the present embodiment, wherein a1 and a2 are the high-pressure refrigerant flow direction in the first cavity; b1, B2 is the low pressure refrigerant flow direction in the second chamber.
Under the normal refrigeration condition, the refrigerant in the refrigeration system of the refrigeration equipment flows through the compressor 210, the first condenser 221, the condensation preventing pipe 230, the second condenser 222, the dry filter 240, the throttling device 250, the first evaporator 260, the air return pipe 270 and the compressor 210 in sequence to complete a refrigeration cycle.
The refrigerant in the refrigerating system of the household refrigerating equipment for realizing ultra-low temperature storage is non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant.
The non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant at least comprises a high boiling point refrigerant and a low boiling point refrigerant, wherein the boiling point of the high boiling point refrigerant ranges from-30 ℃ to-10 ℃ and the boiling point of the low boiling point refrigerant ranges from-50 ℃ to-30 ℃ when the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ to 40 ℃.
The high boiling point refrigerant comprises at least one of the following components: r600 a; the low boiling point refrigerant comprises at least one of the following components: and R290.
The high boiling point refrigerant is condensed in a first condenser, and when the ambient temperature is in the range of 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, the condensation temperature range required to be reached in the first condenser is [30 ℃,45 ℃; the low boiling point refrigerant is condensed in the second condenser through heat exchange with the air return pipe, and the condensation temperature range reached by the second condenser is [ -30 ℃ and-10 ℃; the range of the evaporation temperature to be reached by the first evaporator is [ -35 ℃, -20 ℃ ]; the range of evaporation temperature that the muffler needs to reach is [ -50 ℃, -40 ℃ ].
The mass ratio range of the high boiling point of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is (55 percent, 60 percent); the mass ratio of the low boiling point refrigerant ranges from 40% to 45%.
In this embodiment, the high-boiling point refrigerant is R600a, and the low-boiling point refrigerant is R290. In order to optimize the working condition of the compressor and enable the refrigeration system to operate stably in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the high-boiling-point refrigerant R600a to the low-boiling-point refrigerant R290 is 55%: 45 percent.
The high-boiling point refrigerant is R600a, R600a is isobutane, and the boiling point temperature of the isobutane is-11.73 ℃; the low boiling point refrigerant is R290, R290 is propane, and the boiling point temperature of the propane is-42.09 ℃.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, in order to optimize the working condition of the compressor and enable the system to operate stably, the mass ratio of the high-boiling-point refrigerant R600a to the low-boiling-point refrigerant R290 is preferably 55%: 45 percent.
The mixed refrigerant has the advantages that the mixed refrigerant uses low-boiling point components, so that low bubble point temperature and low refrigeration temperature can be obtained. The use of high boiling point components results in high dew point temperatures and thus high critical temperatures and relatively high specific refrigeration capacity.
The first evaporator 260 in this embodiment is a fin evaporator, and the air in the refrigerating chamber and the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber of the refrigerator is driven by a fan to exchange heat with the evaporator, so as to realize refrigeration.
As shown in fig. 1, in the refrigeration circuit of the refrigeration system, in this embodiment, the second condenser 222 is designed to exchange heat with the air return pipe 270, specifically, in the household refrigeration equipment in this embodiment, the air return pipe 270 and the second condenser 222 are thermally coupled by a shell-and-tube heat exchange device, and heat exchange is realized by the shell-and-tube heat exchange device, the air return pipe forms a pipe-side flow path, the pipe-side flow path flows into the low-pressure refrigerant, the second condenser forms a shell-side flow path, and the shell-side flow path flows into the high-pressure refrigerant.
It should be noted that, the thermal coupling means that the air return pipe and the second condenser have a heat exchange relationship therebetween, for example, the two exchange heat by using different flow channels of the same heat exchange device, or indirectly exchange heat by using an intermediate fluid.
The principle that the household refrigerating apparatus according to the present embodiment can realize the ultra-low temperature storage will be described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1. When the household refrigeration device in this embodiment is powered on, the compressor 210 starts to operate, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passes through the compressor 210 and is a high-pressure high-temperature gaseous refrigerant, the high-pressure high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is subjected to heat radiation and condensation through the first condenser 221 and the condensation preventing pipe 230, the refrigerant subjected to heat radiation and condensation is a high-boiling-point refrigerant, the refrigerant subjected to heat radiation and condensation is a liquid high-boiling-point refrigerant, the high-boiling-point refrigerant subjected to condensation passes through the second condenser 222 and the drying filter 240, the temperature and the pressure are reduced in the throttling device 250, and the liquid high-boiling-point refrigerant subjected to throttling and pressure reduction is evaporated and absorbs heat in the first evaporator 260, so as to reduce the temperature of each low-. The low-temperature storage compartment includes a refrigerating compartment 121 and an ultra-low-temperature freezing compartment 122 in the present embodiment.
Meanwhile, the high-pressure high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is subjected to heat radiation condensation through the first condenser 221 and the condensation preventing pipe 230, the refrigerant subjected to heat radiation condensation is a high-boiling-point refrigerant, and the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the refrigerant is still in a gaseous state after passing through the first condenser 221 and the condensation preventing pipe 230 because of a lower boiling point, and is not condensed, and when the gaseous low-boiling-point refrigerant flows to the second condenser 222, the refrigerant flowing through the shell-and-tube heat exchange device 150 and the return pipe 270 is subjected to heat exchange condensation. Because the low-pressure gaseous high-boiling-point refrigerant existing in the air return pipe 270 also exists the low-pressure liquid high-boiling-point refrigerant which is not gasified, the temperature of the high-boiling-point refrigerant in the air return pipe 270 is lower than or equal to the condensation temperature of the low-boiling-point refrigerant due to the pressure reduction and temperature reduction effects of the throttling device 250, and therefore the high-boiling-point refrigerant in the air return pipe 270 can absorb the heat released by the condensation of the low-boiling-point refrigerant under the effect of the shell-and-tube heat exchange device 150, so that the liquid high-boiling-point refrigerant in the air return pipe is further gasified to absorb heat, and meanwhile, the gaseous low-boiling-point refrigerant in the second condenser.
After flowing through the dry filter 240, the liquid low-boiling-point refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the throttling device 250, and finally reaches the first evaporator 260 to evaporate and absorb heat, and the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator is further reduced due to the fact that the evaporation temperature of the low-boiling-point refrigerant is lower than the evaporation temperature of the high-boiling-point refrigerant, and finally ultra-low-temperature storage in the ultra-low-temperature freezing chamber 122 of the refrigeration equipment is achieved.
In the embodiment, the first evaporator is arranged in an air duct of the household refrigeration equipment, the household refrigeration equipment is provided with a refrigerating chamber and an ultra-low temperature freezing chamber, the refrigerating chamber is provided with a first air door, the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber is provided with a second air door, and the first air door and the second air door are both connected with the air duct; and respectively controlling the opening and closing of the first air door and the second air door according to the preset temperatures of the refrigerating chamber and the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber. Therefore, the refrigeration storage at 0-10 ℃ can be realized in the refrigerating chamber in the same household refrigeration equipment, and the ultra-low temperature storage at 40 ℃ below zero can be realized in the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber.
In the non-azeotropic refrigerant adopted in the embodiment, the high-boiling point refrigerant is R600a, R600a is isobutane, and the boiling point temperature of the isobutane is-11.73 ℃; the low boiling point refrigerant is R290, R290 is propane, and the boiling point temperature of the propane is-42.09 ℃. At this time, the refrigeration equipment can realize ultralow temperature refrigeration at 40 ℃ below zero, it should be noted that the composition and the proportion of the high boiling point refrigerant and the low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant of this embodiment are not the only options for realizing the ultralow temperature refrigeration function of the refrigeration equipment of the present invention, and it should be understood that all non-azeotropic refrigerants which can be applied to the household refrigeration equipment of the ultralow temperature storage of the present invention and can realize the ultralow temperature refrigeration storage effect should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2(a), which is a left side view of the household refrigeration apparatus in the present embodiment, i.e., the refrigerator structure in the present embodiment, the refrigerator in the present embodiment according to fig. 2(a) is provided with a refrigerator housing 110, a refrigeration cabinet 120 for refrigeration is provided in the refrigerator housing 110, and an ultra-low-temperature freezing chamber 122 for normal refrigeration storage and ultra-low-temperature storage are respectively provided in the refrigeration cabinet 120. A foaming layer 130 for heat insulation is arranged at the rear part of the refrigeration box body 120 and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the refrigerator shell 110; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150 is fixed by a fastener 140 provided at the rear of the cabinet of the refrigerator; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150 is supported and fixed in the foaming layer 130 by the support portion 141 provided on the fastening member 140, and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150 does not contact the inner wall of the refrigerator case 110 and the refrigeration container 120.
As shown in fig. 2(b), which is a rear view of the refrigerator structure in this embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 2(b), the air return pipe 270 in the refrigerator in this embodiment is disposed at the rear of the refrigeration tank body through the fastening member 140, and a section of refrigerant flow path existing in the second condenser 222 exchanges heat with a section of refrigerant flow path in the air return pipe 270 through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150.
As shown in fig. 2(b) and fig. 3, which are schematic views of partial structures of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150 in the embodiment of the present invention, the specific structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 150 in the embodiment of the present invention is:
the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is provided with a heat exchanger shell 151 and a heat exchanger tube 152, and the cross-sectional area of the heat exchanger tube 152 is smaller than that of the heat exchanger shell 151; the heat exchanger tube 152 is disposed inside the heat exchanger housing 151, and a first cavity 153 is formed between an outer wall surface of the heat exchanger tube and an inner wall surface of the heat exchanger housing, and a second cavity 154 is formed on the inner wall surface of the heat exchanger tube.
The refrigerant flowing through the first cavity and the refrigerant flowing through the second cavity have temperature and/or pressure difference, and the refrigerant realizes heat exchange when flowing in the first cavity and the second cavity.
B1 is a low pressure refrigerant inlet, and the return line 270 has a section of refrigerant flow path that flows into the shell and tube heat exchanger 150 through the B1 low pressure refrigerant inlet and into the second cavity 154; a1 is a high-pressure refrigerant inlet, and the second condenser 222 has a single-stage refrigerant flow path that flows into the first cavity 153 through the a1 high-pressure refrigerant inlet. The low-pressure refrigerant in the air return pipe 270 exchanges heat with the high-pressure refrigerant in the second condenser 222 in the shell-and-tube heat exchange device 150, the low-pressure refrigerant flows out from the port B2 after the heat exchange is finished, and the flowing low-pressure refrigerant flows back to the air return pipe 270; after the heat exchange is completed, the high-pressure refrigerant flows out from the port a2, and the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out flows back to the second condenser 222.
It should be further noted that the heat exchange method and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger adopted in this embodiment are only an example of the present invention, and should not be understood as the only technical means for realizing the heat exchange between the air return pipe 270 and the second condenser 222 in the present invention.
[ PROBLEMS ] the present invention
In the invention, the second condenser is arranged in the refrigeration system of the refrigeration equipment, the heat exchange between the second condenser and the air return pipe is realized through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is applied in the refrigeration system, so that the ultralow temperature storage can be realized by the domestic refrigeration equipment through a single-stage overlapping principle. The household refrigeration equipment can realize ultralow-temperature storage at the temperature of-40 ℃ or below, and can basically meet the requirement of ultralow-temperature refrigeration storage in family life. The refrigerating system in the household refrigerating equipment has a simple structure, and can realize single-stage overlapping of the refrigerating system under the condition of adding fewer parts compared with the common household refrigerating equipment, thereby realizing the ultralow-temperature storage function which is not possessed by the common household equipment. Compared with commercial ultralow-temperature refrigeration equipment, the single-stage cascade refrigeration system in the refrigeration equipment has high reliability and higher refrigeration cycle efficiency compared with a two-stage cascade refrigeration system in the commercial refrigeration equipment.
The non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture used in the present invention is a high boiling point refrigerant R600a and a low boiling point refrigerant R290. Compared with the method that only R290 refrigerant is adopted, the refrigeration equipment has lower power consumption and the compressor is easier to select.
Compared with the refrigerating equipment which only has a single freezing temperature zone and can only be used for ultralow-temperature storage in the prior art, the household refrigerating equipment provided by the invention is provided with the refrigerating chamber and the freezing chamber for ultralow-temperature storage, and can meet the requirements of refrigeration and freezing of users at the same time.
Claims (9)
1. A household refrigerating apparatus for ultra-low temperature storage using a zeotropic mixed refrigerant, having a refrigerating system comprising: compressor, condenser, evaporimeter, its characterized in that: the condenser comprises a first condenser and a second condenser which are arranged in series, and the second condenser is arranged at the refrigerant outflow end of the first condenser; the evaporator comprises a first evaporator and an air return pipe which are arranged in series, the air return pipe is arranged at the outlet end of the first evaporator, and the air return pipe and the second condenser are thermally coupled together to form a heat exchange relationship;
the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is compressed by a compressor and flows into a first condenser for first condensation and heat release, and then the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant passes through a second condenser; after the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant exchanges heat with the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in a gas return pipe in a second condenser, the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant continues to condense and release heat in the second condenser, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in the gas return pipe absorbs heat from the second condenser to evaporate; and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the second condenser enters the first evaporator for evaporation and heat absorption after passing through the throttling device, the evaporation and heat absorption are continued in the air return pipe, and the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant flowing out of the air return pipe flows into the compressor.
2. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant at least comprises a high boiling point refrigerant and a low boiling point refrigerant, wherein the boiling point range of the high boiling point refrigerant is between-30 ℃ and-10 ℃ and the boiling point range of the low boiling point refrigerant is between-50 ℃ and-30 ℃ when the ambient temperature is between 25 ℃ and 40 ℃.
3. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 2, wherein: the high boiling point refrigerant at least comprises one of the following components: r600 a; the low boiling point refrigerant comprises at least one of the following components: and R290.
4. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 3, wherein: the high boiling point refrigerant is condensed in a first condenser, and when the ambient temperature is in the range of 25 ℃ to 40 ℃, the condensation temperature range required to be reached in the first condenser is [30 ℃,45 ℃; the low boiling point refrigerant is condensed in a second condenser through heat exchange with a gas return pipe, and the condensation temperature range reached by the second condenser is [ -30 ℃ or-10 ℃; the range of the evaporation temperature of the first evaporator which needs to be reached is [ -35 ℃, -20 ℃ ]; the range of evaporation temperature that the muffler needs to reach is [ -50 ℃, -40 ℃ ].
5. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 4, wherein: the mass ratio range of the high boiling point of the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is (55%, 60%); the mass ratio of the low boiling point refrigerant is in a range of 40% and 45%.
6. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 5, wherein: the high-boiling point refrigerant in the non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is R600a, and the low-boiling point refrigerant is R290.
7. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the high-boiling-point refrigerant R600a to the low-boiling-point refrigerant R290 is 55%: 45 percent.
8. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 7, wherein: the household refrigeration equipment for realizing ultra-low temperature storage by using non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant is characterized in that the air return pipe and the second condenser realize thermal coupling through a shell-and-tube heat exchange device, the air return pipe forms a pipe side flow path, the pipe side flow path flows into low-pressure refrigerant, the second condenser forms a shell side flow path, and the shell side flow path flows into high-pressure refrigerant.
9. A refrigerating apparatus for home use for achieving ultra-low-temperature storage using a zeotropic mixture refrigerant in accordance with claim 8, wherein: the first evaporator is arranged in an air duct of the household refrigeration equipment, the household refrigeration equipment is provided with a refrigerating chamber and an ultra-low temperature freezing chamber, the refrigerating chamber is provided with a first air door, the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber is provided with a second air door, and the first air door and the second air door are both connected with the air duct; and respectively controlling the opening and closing of the first air door and the second air door according to the preset temperatures of the refrigerating chamber and the ultra-low temperature freezing chamber.
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