CN111022385B - Ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine, manufacturing method thereof and ocean profile motion platform - Google Patents
Ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine, manufacturing method thereof and ocean profile motion platform Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
- F15B1/04—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
- F03G7/05—Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B2015/208—Special fluid pressurisation means, e.g. thermal or electrolytic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2201/00—Accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine, a manufacturing method thereof and an ocean profile motion platform, and belongs to the technical field of ocean exploration. The sea and ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine comprises a watertight heat conduction cavity, a phase change material accommodated in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, a volume variable oil cavity positioned in the heat conduction cavity, and a sealing liquid positioned between the phase change material and the volume variable oil cavity to isolate the phase change material and the volume variable oil cavity; the variable-volume oil chamber is provided with an oil path interface connected with an external oil path; a foam metal body is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, and pores of the foam metal body form a porous state containing cavity for containing the phase-change material or the phase-change material and the sealing liquid; a variable-volume isolation cavity is arranged between the foam metal body and the cavity of the oil cavity, is communicated with the porous accommodating cavity and is at least used for accommodating sealing liquid. The structure can improve the energy capture speed of the phase-change material in the using process, has stable performance and can be widely applied to the field of ocean detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to ocean temperature difference energy capturing technical equipment, in particular to an ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, a method for manufacturing the ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine and an ocean profile motion platform constructed by the ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine.
Background
Patent document No. CN105952691A discloses a temperature difference energy driven ocean profile motion system, namely an ocean profile motion platform, which includes a sealed cavity and a buoyancy control loop; the buoyancy control loop comprises an ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, an energy accumulator 16, an outer liquid accumulator 10 with the water discharge volume changing along with the oil quantity of the stored hydraulic oil, and an inner liquid accumulator 8 arranged in a sealed cavity, wherein the ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, the energy accumulator 16, the outer liquid accumulator 10 and the inner liquid accumulator are sequentially connected into a loop structure through oil paths; wherein, the outer liquid storage device 10 is constructed by adopting an outer oil sac, and the inner liquid storage device 8 is constructed by adopting an inner oil sac; as shown in fig. 1, the adopted ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine comprises a phase change cavity 01, and a phase change hydraulic oil bag 04, a solid-liquid phase change material 02 and a sealing liquid 03 which are arranged in the phase change cavity 01, wherein the phase change hydraulic oil bag 04 is arranged in the phase change cavity 01 outside the sealing cavity, and the phase change hydraulic oil bag 04 is covered by the sealing liquid 03, so that the solid-liquid phase change material 02 can be utilized to drive the volume change of the phase change hydraulic oil bag 04 based on ocean temperature difference energy in the working process, hydraulic oil is driven to circularly move in a buoyancy control loop, and the water discharge volume of the outer oil bag is driven to change, thereby controlling the overall buoyancy of the ocean profile motion platform, and being capable of utilizing the ocean temperature difference energy to carry out lifting drive and detect the ocean.
In addition, in patent document CN108708836A, the structure of the disclosed thermal energy capture heat engine is the same as that of the above patent document, and during operation, the phase change material 02 is isolated from the hydraulic oil 05 by an oil bag, a hose, water, etc., but the following technical problems are also present: as shown in fig. 2, heat of seawater 07 passes through the wall of the phase change cavity 01 and then is transferred to the phase change material 02, for the phase change cavity 01, it can be made of heat conductive materials such as metal, etc. to effectively ensure response speed and efficiency of heat transfer, for the phase change material 02, it is usually a material with very low heat conductivity, and it is often difficult for the phase change material in the central area to obtain heat energy in time for phase change, so that response speed is slow, and low heat conductivity and phase change speed can slow down the energy obtaining rate and the working times of the instrument in unit time.
In order to solve the above problems, a conventional solution is to add a material having a thermal conductivity, such as activated carbon, to a phase change material to shorten the time required for phase change. However, as time goes on, the activated carbon which is uniformly distributed in the phase-change material just begins to precipitate slowly, so that the original effect is lost, and the performance is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine with an improved structure, so that the energy capture speed of a phase change material in the using process is improved, and the performance is stable;
a second object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned marine thermoelectric energy capture heat engine;
the third purpose of the invention is to provide an ocean section motion platform constructed by the ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine.
In order to achieve the main purpose, the sea and ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine provided by the invention comprises a watertight heat conduction cavity, a phase change material accommodated in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, a volume-variable oil cavity positioned in the heat conduction cavity, and a sealing liquid positioned between the phase change material and the volume-variable oil cavity to isolate the phase change material and the volume-variable oil cavity; the variable-volume oil chamber is provided with an oil path interface connected with an external oil path; a foam metal body is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, and pores of the foam metal body form a porous state containing cavity for containing the phase-change material or the phase-change material and the sealing liquid; a variable-volume isolation cavity is arranged between the foam metal body and the cavity of the oil cavity, is communicated with the porous accommodating cavity and is at least used for accommodating sealing liquid.
Based on above technical scheme, through the foam metal body that sets firmly in the heat conduction cavity to utilize the porous state that its hole constitutes to hold the chamber and hold phase change material, thereby for the transmission of temperature in the cross section direction provides the conductivity and is higher than phase change material's skeleton, and separate into the strip structure that communicates each other but the cross section is less with phase change material, improve the speed of heat transfer effectively, thereby improve phase change material energy capture speed in the use, and because foam metal body structure and performance problem, effectively ensure the stability of ocean temperature difference energy capture performance.
The specific scheme is that the peripheral surface of the foam metal body is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the heat conduction cavity in a heat conduction way. Further increasing the heat transfer rate.
The more concrete scheme is that the foam metal body and the inner wall surface of the heat conducting cavity are fixedly connected into an integral structure in a transition welding mode or a forming processing mode.
The preferable proposal is that the heat conducting cavity is an oil cylinder, and an inner cavity of the oil cylinder is movably arranged in the oil cylinder and is divided into an oil cavity with variable volume and an accommodating cavity for accommodating the foam metal body; when the phase-change material is completely melted, a gap is reserved between the foam metal body and the piston; an elastic reset piece is arranged in the oil cylinder, and the reset force of the elastic reset piece is used for forcing the piston to be close to the foam metal body.
The further proposal is that the elastic reset piece is arranged in the volume-variable oil cavity; the elastic reset piece is a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is pressed against the piston, and the other end of the compression spring is pressed against the bottom surface of the variable-volume oil cavity.
The preferable scheme is that an oil bag surrounded by sealing liquid is arranged in the heat-conducting cavity, and the inner cavity of the oil bag forms a variable-volume oil cavity.
The preferred scheme is that the heat conducting cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover which is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and a lower sealing end cover which is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is arranged in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming an oil way connector; the sealing liquid is water, and the phase-change material is n-hexadecane.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned ocean thermal energy capture heat engine, comprising the steps of:
preparing a heat conduction cavity, a foam metal body, a phase-change material and a sealing liquid according to equipment specifications; the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover which is watertight and detachably sleeved on the upper opening end of the cylindrical cylinder body, and a lower sealing end cover which is watertight and detachably sleeved on the lower opening end of the cylindrical cylinder body; a filling hole is arranged in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming an oil way connector;
a welding step, taking the cylindrical cylinder body and the foam metal body as base materials, putting aluminum-based Al-Cu-Mg metal glass between the cylindrical cylinder body and the foam metal body, taking argon as protective gas, melting the aluminum-based metal glass in a brazing mode, fixedly connecting the base materials into an integral structure, and enabling the foam metal body to be positioned at the upper opening end adjacent to the cylindrical cylinder body;
assembling, namely, filling a member for constructing a variable-volume oil cavity into a cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body, which is adjacent to the lower open end, so as to separate the variable-volume oil cavity isolated from the foam metal body from the cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body, and installing a lower sealing end cover on the lower open end; an upper sealing end cover is arranged on the upper open end;
and a canning step, sequentially filling the designed target amount of sealing liquid and liquid phase-change material into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body through the filling hole, and then sealing the filling hole by using the sealing plug.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned ocean thermal energy capture heat engine, comprising the steps of:
preparing a heat conduction cavity, a foam metal raw material, a phase-change material and a sealing liquid according to equipment specifications; the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover which is watertight and detachably sleeved on the upper opening end of the cylindrical cylinder body, and a lower sealing end cover which is watertight and detachably sleeved on the lower opening end of the cylindrical cylinder body; a filling hole is arranged in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming an oil way connector;
a welding step, pouring foam metal raw materials into a partial cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body adjacent to the upper open end, and heating for a preset time in vacuum or protective atmosphere until the foam metal raw materials are foamed into a foam metal body directly and fixedly connected into the cylindrical cylinder body;
assembling, namely, filling a member for constructing a variable-volume oil cavity into a cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body, which is adjacent to the lower open end, so as to separate the variable-volume oil cavity isolated from the foam metal body from the cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body, and installing a lower sealing end cover on the lower open end; an upper sealing end cover is arranged on the upper open end;
and a canning step, sequentially filling the designed target amount of sealing liquid and liquid phase-change material into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body through the filling hole, and then sealing the filling hole by using the sealing plug.
In order to achieve the third object, the ocean section motion platform provided by the invention comprises a sealed cavity and a buoyancy control loop; the buoyancy control loop comprises an ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, an energy accumulator, an outer liquid accumulator and an inner liquid accumulator, wherein the ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, the energy accumulator, the outer liquid accumulator and the inner liquid accumulator are sequentially connected into a loop structure through oil paths; the outer liquid storage device is provided with a drainage unit arranged outside the sealed cavity body; the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine is the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine described in any one of the technical schemes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional ocean thermal energy capture heat engine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat transfer trajectory in cross-section of a prior art marine thermoelectric capture heat engine placed in seawater;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the ocean profile motion of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an ocean thermal energy capture heat engine of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the heat transfer trajectory in cross-section of an embodiment of the marine thermoelectric capture heat engine of the present invention placed in seawater.
Detailed Description
In the following embodiments, the improvement of the structure of the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine of the ocean profile motion platform is mainly described, and the structures of other functional units in the profile motion platform are designed by referring to the existing products.
Examples
Referring to fig. 3, the cross-sectional motion platform of the present invention works based on ocean thermal energy, and specifically includes a sealed cavity 100, a buoyancy control loop, a control unit, a power generation unit, and a power storage unit for supplying electric energy to the normal operation of the buoyancy control loop and the control unit, the power storage module is constructed by a rechargeable battery pack 18 of a lithium battery, and the rechargeable battery pack 18 is used not only for supplying power to the control unit and a valve on the buoyancy control loop, but also for supplying power to other loads such as a detection instrument; most structures of the buoyancy control loop, the power generation unit, the power storage unit and the control unit are uniformly distributed in the sealed cavity 100. The power generation unit comprises a hydraulic motor 15 and a generator 16, and the generated current is processed by a power control board 17 to charge the battery pack.
The buoyancy control circuit includes an ocean thermal energy capturing heat engine 3, an accumulator 20, an outer accumulator 11 whose water discharge volume varies with the amount of stored hydraulic oil, and an inner accumulator 14 disposed in a sealed chamber 100, which are sequentially connected to form a circuit structure through oil paths. The water discharging unit of the outer liquid storage device 11 and the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine 3 are arranged outside the sealed cavity 100 and exposed in the seawater, and other elements and oil paths are arranged in the sealed cavity 100. Wherein, the outer liquid storage 11 and the inner liquid storage 14 are both constructed by oil cylinders, and can also be constructed by oil bags.
In the buoyancy control circuit, a one-way valve 22 which only allows hydraulic oil to flow to the energy accumulator 20 is connected in series on an oil path 23c between the ocean thermal difference energy capturing heat engine 3 and the energy accumulator 20; an electromagnetic directional valve 12 is connected in series on an oil path 23e between the energy accumulator 20 and the outer liquid accumulator 11; an electromagnetic directional valve 13 is connected in series on an oil path 23b between the outer liquid storage device 11 and the inner liquid storage device 14; a one-way valve 21 which only allows hydraulic oil to flow to the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine 3 is connected in series on an oil path 23a between the internal liquid storage 14 and the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine 3.
Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine 3 includes a watertight heat conduction cavity 4, a phase change material 30 accommodated in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity 4, a variable-volume oil cavity 31 located in the heat conduction cavity, a foam metal body 32 fixed to the heat conduction cavity 4, and a sealing liquid 33 located between the phase change material 30 and the variable-volume oil cavity 31 to isolate the two.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the heat conducting chamber 4 includes a cylindrical cylinder 40, an upper end cap 41 which is water-tightly and detachably fitted over the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder 40, a lower end cap 42 which is water-tightly and detachably fitted over the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder 40, and a piston 46 which is movably disposed in the cylindrical cylinder 40. A compression spring 47 is arranged in the variable-volume oil chamber 31, one end of the compression spring 47 is pressed against the piston 46, the other end of the compression spring 47 is pressed against the bottom surface of the variable-volume oil chamber 31, specifically, the other end of the compression spring is pressed against the lower end cover 42, and the compression spring constitutes an elastic reset piece for forcing the piston 46 to be close to the foam metal body 32 by a reset force in the embodiment; for the elastic resetting piece, a pair of permanent magnet blocks with the same poles oppositely arranged can be adopted for construction.
The upper end cap 41 is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the cylindrical cylinder 40 by a screw thread detachable structure, a sealing seal ring 480 is sleeved between the two side wall surfaces, a filling hole 43 is arranged in the central area of the upper end cap 41, and a sealing plug 44 is sleeved on the filling hole 43. The lower end cover 42 is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the cylindrical cylinder 40 by a thread detachable structure, a sealing ring 481 is sleeved between the two side wall surfaces, an oil passing hole 45 is arranged on the lower end cover 42, a metal sealing member 490 is in threaded connection with the oil passing hole 45 and is in sealing fit based on sealing members such as sealing washers, and the oil pipe 491 is connected with the variable-volume oil chamber 31, and the variable-volume oil chamber 31 is provided with an oil path interface connected with an external oil path. The oil pipe 491 communicates with the oil passage 23c and the oil passage 23a in fig. 3.
The piston 46 is used to divide the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder 40 into the variable-volume oil chamber 31 and an accommodating chamber for accommodating the metal foam body 32, and the remaining chamber after the metal foam body 32 is filled in the accommodating chamber is used to accommodate the phase change material 30 and the sealing liquid 33, wherein the pores of the metal foam body 32 form a porous accommodating chamber for accommodating the phase change material 30 when the phase change material 30 is completely melted, i.e., in the present embodiment, the phase change material 30 completely surrounds the metal foam body 32, and when the phase change material 30 is completely solidified and contracted, the phase change material 30 and the sealing liquid 33 are partially filled in the porous accommodating chamber.
As a specific structure of the variable-volume oil chamber 31, instead of the piston 46, an oil bag surrounded by the sealing liquid 33 is provided in the heat transfer chamber 4, and an oil port of the oil bag is fixedly connected to and communicated with a port of the oil pipe 491, and the variable-volume oil chamber 31 in the present embodiment is constructed by using the inner chamber of the oil bag.
In the present embodiment, the cylindrical cylinder 40, the upper end cap 41 and the lower end cap 42 are made of a high-strength metal resistant to seawater corrosion, such as a titanium material; the metal foam body 32 may be a metal foam with high thermal conductivity, such as a metal foam aluminum, a metal foam copper, etc., in this embodiment, the metal foam body 32 is made of metal by high temperature foaming; the oil pipe 491 is constructed by a titanium pipe. For the fixing manner between the metal foam body 32 and the cylindrical body 40, the technical scheme of composite connection between the metal foam and the dense metal, which is commonly used in the prior art, can be adopted, for example, the forms of adhesive connection method, sewing connection method, welding method, etc. Compared with the problems of low strength and serious aging of adhesives in a sewing connection mode and the problems of complex gluing connection mode and low connection strength, the foam metal body 32 and the cylindrical cylinder body 40 are preferably connected in a welding mode, and for the welding mode, compared with a direct welding mode which is not easy to fixedly connect a circular structure, the welding mode is preferably a transition welding mode; in addition, the metal foam body 32 can be obtained by directly foaming the metal foam material in the cylindrical cylinder 40 at a high temperature, that is, in this embodiment, the metal foam body 32 and the inner wall surface of the heat conducting cavity 4 are preferably fixedly connected to form an integral structure by a transition welding method or a forming method.
For the transition welding mode, the present embodiment manufactures the marine thermal energy capture heat engine 3 of the present invention based on the following steps:
the material preparation step S11 is to prepare the heat conducting cavity 4, the metal foam 32, the phase change material 30, and the sealing liquid 33 according to the specifications of the apparatus.
And a welding step S12, wherein the cylindrical cylinder body 40 and the foam metal body 32 are used as base materials, cylindrical aluminum-based Al-Cu-Mg metal glass is placed between the cylindrical cylinder body 40 and the foam metal body 32, argon is used as protective gas, the aluminum-based metal glass is melted by adopting a brazing mode at the maximum environmental temperature of 560 degrees, the base materials are fixedly connected into an integral structure, and the foam metal body 32 is positioned at the upper opening end adjacent to the cylindrical cylinder body 40.
An assembling step S13 of fitting a member for constructing a variable-volume oil chamber into a chamber of the cylindrical cylinder block 40 adjacent to the lower open end to partition the variable-volume oil chamber 31 isolated from the metal foam body 32 from the inner chamber of the cylindrical cylinder block 40, and fitting the lower end seal cover 42 on the lower open end; an upper end cap 41 is mounted on the upper open end. The member for constructing the variable-volume oil chamber may be the piston 46 or an oil bladder, among others.
In the filling step S14, a sealing liquid 33 and a liquid phase-change material 30 are sequentially filled into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder 40 through the filling hole 43, and the filling hole is sealed by the sealing plug 44.
The present embodiment manufactures the ocean thermal energy capture heat engine 3 of the present invention based on the following steps for the molding process mode in which the melting point of the cylindrical cylinder block 40 is required to be higher than that of the foam metal raw material:
and a material preparation step S21, preparing the heat conduction cavity 4, the foam metal raw material, the phase-change material 30 and the sealing liquid 33 according to the equipment specification.
The welding step S22 is to pour the foam metal raw material into a part of the cavity of the cylindrical cylinder 40 adjacent to the upper open end, and heat the foam metal raw material in a vacuum or protective atmosphere for a predetermined period of time until the foam metal raw material is foamed into the foam metal body 32 directly fixed in the cylindrical cylinder 40.
An assembling step S23 of fitting a member for constructing a variable-volume oil chamber into a chamber of the cylindrical cylinder block 40 adjacent to the lower open end to partition the variable-volume oil chamber 31 isolated from the metal foam body 32 from the inner chamber of the cylindrical cylinder block 40, and fitting the lower end seal cover 42 on the lower open end; an upper end cap 41 is mounted on the upper open end. The member for constructing the variable-volume oil chamber may be the piston 46 or an oil bladder, among others.
In the filling step S24, the sealing liquid 33 and the liquid phase-change material 30 are sequentially filled into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder 40 through the filling hole 43 by a designed amount, and the filling hole 43 is sealed by the sealing plug 44.
In use, a variable-volume isolation chamber is provided between the foam metal body 32 and the chamber of the oil chamber, and the variable-volume isolation chamber is communicated with the porous state accommodating chamber on the foam metal body 32 and at least used for accommodating the sealing liquid 33. And when the phase change material is completely melted, there is a gap between the metal foam body 32 and the piston 46.
In this embodiment, the sealing liquid is water or other fluid incompatible with the phase change material, and the density of the sealing liquid is greater than the sealing of the phase change material, so that in the using process, the sealing liquid is located above the phase change material, thereby achieving the sealing effect. The phase transition temperature of the phase-change material is between 4 and 26 ℃, and n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-hexadecane and a mixture of the n-tetradecane, the n-pentadecane and the n-hexadecane or temperature-sensitive hydrogel can be selected. The solid-liquid phase-change material is n-hexadecane with the phase-change temperature of 18.2 ℃, the sealing liquid material 33 is water which has higher density than the n-hexadecane and is not mutually soluble with the n-hexadecane, and the sealing liquid material 33 is distributed in the lower end part of the phase-change cavity due to the high density and completely isolates the piston 46 from the phase-change material. For n-hexadecane with the phase change temperature of 18.2 ℃, the phase change temperature is between the temperature of upper seawater and bottom seawater, the solid phase density is 835 kilograms per cubic meter, the liquid phase density is 770.1 kilograms per cubic meter, the volume of the solid phase and the liquid phase changes by 8 percent when the solid phase and the liquid phase change, water is used for selecting the sealing liquid, and the space generated by solidification is filled by the water when the phase change material is solidified.
As shown in fig. 3, the sectional motion platform in the cyclic detection process includes the following steps:
Stage 2, sinking stage: the phase change material 30 is gradually solidified, the ocean temperature difference energy trapping heat engine 3 continuously absorbs oil from the inner hydraulic oil cylinder, the piston in the inner hydraulic oil cylinder gradually moves upwards, and the outer hydraulic oil cylinder and the energy accumulator 20 keep the state of the previous stage and do not change.
And (3) starting floating: the phase change material 30 is solidified and contracted by low-temperature seawater, hydraulic oil in the inner hydraulic oil cylinder enters the ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine 3, after the phase change process is finished, the electromagnetic directional valve 12 is opened, the hydraulic oil in the energy accumulator 20 enters the outer hydraulic oil cylinder, flows through the hydraulic motor 15 to drive the generator 16 to generate electricity, the outer hydraulic oil cylinder is filled with oil at the moment, no oil exists in the energy accumulator 20, a piston of the outer hydraulic oil cylinder moves to the bottom, the water discharge volume is maximum, the water discharge amount is maximum, positive buoyancy is generated, and the instrument floats upwards.
And 5, floating out of the sea: the phase change material 30 is completely melted, the oil in the ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine 3 completely enters the energy accumulator 20, and the outer hydraulic oil cylinder keeps the state of the previous stage and is not changed.
Stage 6, beginning sinking stage: and (3) opening the electromagnetic directional valve 13, completely enabling the oil in the outer hydraulic oil cylinder to enter the inner hydraulic oil cylinder, enabling the piston of the outer hydraulic oil cylinder to be positioned at the top, enabling the water discharge to be minimum and enabling the instrument to sink. At this point, the internal hydraulic ram is full of oil and its piston is at the bottom of the cylinder. The marine thermal energy capture heat engine 3 and the energy accumulator 20 remain in the last stage state and do not change. The instrument returns to phase 1 and begins a new cycle.
As shown in fig. 6, the rate of melting and solidifying the phase-change material is increased by fixing a metal foam body 32 at least for containing the phase-change material 30 in the inner cavity of the heat conducting cavity 4, so as to transfer heat to the phase-change material 30 in the pores of the metal foam body 32.
Claims (11)
1. An ocean thermal energy capture heat engine comprises a watertight heat conduction cavity, a phase change material accommodated in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, a volume variable oil cavity positioned in the heat conduction cavity, and a sealing liquid positioned between the phase change material and the volume variable oil cavity to isolate the phase change material and the volume variable oil cavity; the variable-volume oil chamber is provided with an oil path interface connected with an external oil path;
the method is characterized in that:
the heat conduction cavity is used for being exposed in seawater;
a foam metal body is fixedly arranged in an inner cavity of the heat conduction cavity, and pores of the foam metal body form a porous state containing cavity which is used for containing the phase-change material or the phase-change material and the sealing liquid and is used for providing a framework with conductivity higher than that of the phase-change material for the transmission of temperature in the cross section direction; and a variable-volume isolation cavity is arranged between the foam metal body and the cavity of the oil cavity, is communicated with the porous state accommodating cavity and is at least used for accommodating the sealing liquid.
2. The marine thermal energy capture heat engine of claim 1, wherein:
the peripheral surface of the foam metal body is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the heat conduction cavity in a heat conduction way.
3. The marine thermal energy capture heat engine of claim 2, wherein:
the foam metal body is fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the heat conduction cavity into an integral structure in a transition welding mode or a forming processing mode.
4. A marine thermal energy capture heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the heat conducting cavity is an oil cylinder, and an inner cavity of the oil cylinder is movably provided with an accommodating cavity for dividing the inner cavity of the oil cylinder into the variable-volume oil cavity and the accommodating cavity for accommodating the foam metal body; when the phase-change material is completely melted, a gap is reserved between the foam metal body and the piston;
an elastic reset piece is arranged in the oil cylinder, and the reset force of the elastic reset piece is used for forcing the piston to be close to the foam metal body.
5. The marine thermal energy capture heat engine of claim 4, wherein:
the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover and a lower sealing end cover, wherein the upper sealing end cover is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and the lower sealing end cover is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is formed in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming the oil way interface;
the sealing liquid is water, and the phase-change material is n-hexadecane.
6. A marine thermal energy capture heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
an oil bag surrounded by the sealing liquid is arranged in the heat conduction cavity, and the inner cavity of the oil bag forms the variable-volume oil cavity.
7. An ocean thermal energy capture heat engine according to claim 6 wherein:
the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover and a lower sealing end cover, wherein the upper sealing end cover is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and the lower sealing end cover is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is formed in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming the oil way interface;
the sealing liquid is water, and the phase-change material is n-hexadecane.
8. A marine thermal energy capture heat engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover and a lower sealing end cover, wherein the upper sealing end cover is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and the lower sealing end cover is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is formed in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming the oil way interface;
the sealing liquid is water, and the phase-change material is n-hexadecane.
9. A manufacturing method of an ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a heat conduction cavity, a foam metal body, a phase-change material and a sealing liquid according to equipment specifications; the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover and a lower sealing end cover, wherein the upper sealing end cover is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and the lower sealing end cover is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is formed in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming an oil way connector;
a welding step, taking the cylindrical cylinder body and the foam metal body as base materials, putting aluminum-based Al-Cu-Mg metal glass between the cylindrical cylinder body and the foam metal body, taking argon as protective gas, melting the aluminum-based metal glass in a brazing mode, fixedly connecting the base materials into an integral structure, and enabling the foam metal body to be positioned in a cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body, which is adjacent to the upper opening end;
an assembling step of installing a member for constructing a variable-volume oil chamber in a chamber of the cylindrical cylinder body adjacent to the lower open end to partition the variable-volume oil chamber isolated from the metal foam body from the inner chamber of the cylindrical cylinder body, and installing the lower end seal cover on the lower open end; the upper sealing end cover is arranged on the upper opening end;
and filling, namely filling the designed target amount of the sealing liquid and the liquid phase-change material into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body in sequence through the filling hole, and then sealing the filling hole by using the sealing plug.
10. A manufacturing method of an ocean temperature difference energy capture heat engine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a heat conduction cavity, a foam metal raw material, a phase-change material and a sealing liquid according to equipment specifications; the heat conduction cavity comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, an upper sealing end cover and a lower sealing end cover, wherein the upper sealing end cover is sleeved on the upper open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner, and the lower sealing end cover is sleeved on the lower open end of the cylindrical cylinder body in a watertight and detachable manner; a filling hole is formed in the central area of the upper sealing end cover, and a sealing plug is sleeved on the filling hole; the lower sealing end cover is provided with an oil passing hole forming an oil way connector;
a welding step, pouring the foam metal raw material into a partial cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body adjacent to the upper open end, and heating the foam metal raw material in vacuum or protective atmosphere for a preset time till the foam metal raw material is foamed into a foam metal body directly and fixedly connected into the cylindrical cylinder body;
an assembling step of installing a member for constructing a variable-volume oil chamber in a chamber of the cylindrical cylinder body adjacent to the lower open end to partition the variable-volume oil chamber isolated from the metal foam body from the inner chamber of the cylindrical cylinder body, and installing the lower end seal cover on the lower open end; the upper sealing end cover is arranged on the upper opening end;
and filling, namely filling the designed target amount of the sealing liquid and the liquid phase-change material into the inner cavity of the cylindrical cylinder body in sequence through the filling hole, and then sealing the filling hole by using the sealing plug.
11. An ocean profile motion platform comprises a sealed cavity and a buoyancy control loop; the buoyancy control loop comprises an ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, an energy accumulator, an outer liquid accumulator and an inner liquid accumulator, wherein the ocean temperature difference energy capturing heat engine, the energy accumulator, the outer liquid accumulator and the inner liquid accumulator are sequentially connected into a loop structure through oil paths; the outer liquid storage device is provided with a drainage unit arranged outside the sealed cavity body;
the method is characterized in that:
the marine thermal energy capture heat engine of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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CN114166057B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-08-16 | 海南大学 | Container for acquiring cold energy in deep sea and deep sea cold storage bar bundle carrying phase change material |
CN114962357B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2024-08-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Temperature difference energy power system of submarine and submarine |
CN116066428B (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江大学 | Hydraulic robot energy storage device with adjustable output power |
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