CN111024620B - Optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing - Google Patents
Optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium neon Chemical compound [He].[Ne] CPBQJMYROZQQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, which generates pulse excitation light to irradiate a sample to generate ultrasonic pressure waves and change the refractive index of a deionized water film in a plasma phase sensor, so that the phase of detection light injected into the plasma phase sensor is changed; generating polarized light and inputting the first polarized light into a photoacoustic wave detection assembly through a beam splitter so as to eliminate background noise; one path of light beam in the second polarized light is used as detection light to enter the plasma phase sensor, the reflected light beam corresponding to the detection light is used as interference detection light, the other path of light beam is used as interference reference light after being reflected by a mirror surface, and the two light beams are coherent through the optical fiber interference assembly to obtain coherent light, so that the ultrasonic pressure wave information of the sample can be obtained through the coherent light intensity. The invention greatly improves the sound pressure detection sensitivity by utilizing the resonance effect of the equipotential phase sensor, maintains the ultra-large detection bandwidth, adopts the optical fiber to transmit the light beam, and has the characteristics of good stability and miniaturization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microscopes, in particular to an optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing.
Background
The high-resolution microscope is widely applied to a plurality of scientific fields such as physics, chemistry, biology and the like, the traditional optical microscope cannot meet the use requirement when the high-resolution image is required to be acquired due to lower resolution, and the traditional optical microscope can only display the image of the surface of a sample and cannot acquire the image of the deep layer of the sample. The photoacoustic microscope in the prior art can acquire images of deep layers of samples, but the conventional photoacoustic microscope generally adopts a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, and the photoacoustic microscope manufactured by the device has the problems of narrow detection bandwidth (about 50 MHz) and low detection sensitivity (about 1 kPa), and in addition, the conventional photoacoustic microscope also has the problem of huge equipment volume, so that the miniaturized use requirement cannot be met. Therefore, the existing photoacoustic microscope has the problems of low detection sensitivity, narrow detection bandwidth and unsatisfied miniaturized use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, which aims to solve the problems of low detection sensitivity, narrow detection bandwidth and unsatisfied miniaturized use requirements of the photoacoustic microscope in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing, comprising: the device comprises a polarized light generating component, a beam splitter, an optical fiber interference component, an equipotential phase sensor, a photoacoustic wave generating component and a photoacoustic wave detecting component;
the polarized light generating component is used for generating polarized light and inputting the polarized light into the beam splitter;
The beam splitter is arranged between the polarized light generation assembly and the optical fiber interference assembly and between the polarized light generation assembly and the photoacoustic wave detection assembly, and is used for splitting the polarized light to obtain first polarized light and second polarized light, inputting the first polarized light into the photoacoustic wave detection assembly and inputting the second polarized light into the optical fiber interference assembly;
The photoacoustic wave generating component is used for generating pulsed impulse light and irradiating a sample to generate ultrasonic pressure waves;
The optical fiber interference component is used for receiving the second polarized light and outputting detection light and reference light corresponding to the second polarized light according to a preset proportion; the optical fiber interference component inputs the detection light into the plasma phase sensor, and receives a reflected light beam formed by reflecting the detection light by the plasma phase sensor as interference detection light; the optical fiber interference component receives a reflected light beam formed by plane reflection of the reference light as interference reference light; the optical fiber interference assembly is provided with optical fibers for transmitting the second polarized light, the detection light, the reference light, the interference detection light and the interference reference light;
The plasma phase sensor is used for receiving the detection light and reversely inputting a reflected light beam which changes due to the influence of the ultrasonic pressure wave when the detection light is reflected by the plasma phase sensor as the interference detection light to the optical fiber interference assembly;
The photoacoustic wave detection assembly is used for receiving the first polarized light, the interference detection light and the interference reference light and outputting detection information of the sample.
The surface plasma phase sensing-based optical fiber photoacoustic microscope comprises a plasma phase sensor and a deionized water film arranged below the plasma phase sensor, wherein the plasma phase sensor comprises a film plating prism and the deionized water film arranged below the film plating prism, and a sample can be placed below the deionized water film.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, wherein the bottom surface of the film plating prism and one side surface for reflecting the detection light are both provided with a reflection coating, and the deionized water film is in contact with the reflection coating of the bottom surface of the film plating prism.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, wherein the reflection coating is a metal coating.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing is characterized in that the film-coated prism is a right-angle prism or a trapezoid prism.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing comprises a polarized light generating assembly, a polarization plate and a half wave plate, wherein the polarized light generating assembly comprises a helium-neon laser generator, a polarization plate and a half wave plate;
The helium-neon laser generator is used for generating detection laser;
The polaroid is arranged between the helium-neon laser generator and the half wave plate and is used for modulating the detection laser to obtain modulated detection laser;
The half wave plate is arranged between the polaroid and the beam splitter and is used for adjusting components of P-polarization and S-polarization of the modulated detection laser so as to take the modulated detection laser as polarized light.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing comprises an optical fiber interference assembly, a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, a plane mirror and a polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler, wherein the optical fiber interference assembly comprises a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, a plane mirror and a polarization maintaining optical fiber coupler;
The first focusing lens is arranged between the first port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler and the beam splitter, and is used for focusing the second polarized light and inputting the second polarized light into the first port;
the second focusing lens is arranged between the second port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler and the plane mirror, and is used for focusing the reference light output by the second port and outputting the reference light to the plane mirror;
The plane reflector is used for reflecting the reference light and reversely inputting the formed reflected light beam to the second port as interference reference light;
the third port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is used for outputting detection light to the isoelectric phase sensor and receiving the interference detection light;
The fourth port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is used for outputting the interference detection light and the interference reference light to the photoacoustic wave detection assembly;
the body of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is connected with the first port, the second port, the third port and the fourth port through optical fibers.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, wherein the photoacoustic wave detection assembly comprises a third focusing lens, a balanced amplifying photoelectric detector and a developing device;
the third focusing lens is arranged between the first input end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector and the beam splitter, and is used for focusing the first polarized light and then inputting the first polarized light into the first input end;
The second input end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector is connected with the optical fiber interference assembly, and the second input end is used for receiving the interference detection light and the interference reference light;
The output end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector is connected with the imaging device so as to output imaging signals to the imaging device to display the detection information of the sample.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, wherein the photoacoustic wave generation component comprises a solid laser generator, a fourth focusing lens and an excitation light reflecting device;
The solid laser generator is used for generating pulse impulse light;
The fourth focusing lens is arranged between the solid laser generator and the excitation light reflecting device, and is used for focusing the pulse excitation light and inputting the pulse excitation light into the excitation light reflecting device;
the excitation light reflecting device is arranged between the fourth focusing lens and the sample and is used for reflecting the focused pulse excitation light to the sample.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing comprises an excitation light reflecting device, a first side reflecting mirror and a second side reflecting mirror, wherein the excitation light reflecting device comprises a separation reflecting mirror, a first side reflecting mirror and a second side reflecting mirror;
The first side reflecting mirror and the second side reflecting mirror are arranged in an axisymmetric way by taking the vertical line of the separation reflecting mirror as an axis;
The separation reflector is used for receiving the pulse excitation light and reflecting the pulse excitation light to the first side reflector and the second side reflector respectively; the first side reflecting mirror and the second side reflecting mirror reflect the received part of pulse excitation light to the sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding advantages and effects: the photoacoustic wave generating component is used for generating pulse excitation light to irradiate the sample so as to generate ultrasonic pressure waves and change the refractive index of the deionized water film in the plasma phase sensor, so that the phase of detection light entering the plasma phase sensor is changed. The polarized light generating component generates polarized light and inputs the first polarized light into the photoacoustic wave detecting component through the beam splitter so as to eliminate background noise; one path of light beam in the second polarized light is taken as detection light to enter the plasma phase sensor, and the reflected light beam corresponding to the detection light is taken as interference detection light; the other beam is used as interference reference light through specular reflection, the two beams are coherent through an optical fiber interference assembly, and ultrasonic pressure wave information of the sample can be obtained by measuring coherent light intensities of the interference detection light and the interference reference light. The fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that compared with a photoacoustic microscope adopting a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, the fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing greatly improves the boost detection sensitivity by utilizing the resonance effect of the plasma phase sensor, and has an ultra-large detection bandwidth; the optical fiber is adopted to transmit excitation light and detection light, so that the interference of factors such as external environment vibration to signal detection is reduced, the stability of the whole imaging system is improved, meanwhile, the characteristics of small volume and good stability of the optical fiber are utilized, the miniaturized use requirement of the photoacoustic microscope can be met, and the problems that the detection sensitivity is low, the detection bandwidth is narrow and the miniaturized use requirement is not met in the traditional photoacoustic microscope are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on the surface plasmon phase sensing of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The terms of directions used in the present invention, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "side", etc., refer only to the directions of the attached drawings. Accordingly, directional terminology is used to describe and understand the invention and is not limiting of the invention.
The invention provides an optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, which is further described in detail below in order to make the purposes, technical schemes and effects of the invention clearer and more definite. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention; fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention. As shown in the drawing, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing, which includes: a polarized light generating component 1, a beam splitter 2, an optical fiber interference component 3, a plasma phase sensor 4, a photoacoustic wave generating component 5 and a photoacoustic wave detecting component 6; the polarized light generating component 1 is used for generating polarized light and inputting the polarized light into the beam splitter 2; the beam splitter 2 is disposed between the polarized light generating assembly 1 and the optical fiber interference assembly 3 and the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6, and the beam splitter 2 is configured to split the polarized light to obtain a first polarized light and a second polarized light, and input the first polarized light into the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6 and the second polarized light into the optical fiber interference assembly 3; the photoacoustic wave generating means 5 is for generating pulsed impulse light and irradiating the sample 10 to generate ultrasonic pressure waves; the optical fiber interference component 3 is used for receiving the second polarized light and outputting detection light and reference light corresponding to the second polarized light according to a preset proportion; the optical fiber interference component 3 inputs the detection light into the plasma phase sensor 4, and receives a reflected light beam formed by reflecting the detection light by the plasma phase sensor 4 as interference detection light; the optical fiber interference component 3 receives a reflected light beam formed by plane reflection of the reference light as interference reference light; the plasma phase sensor 4 is configured to receive the detection light, and reversely input, as the interference detection light, a reflected light beam that changes due to the influence of the ultrasonic pressure wave when the detection light is reflected by the plasma phase sensor 4, to the optical fiber interference component 3; the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6 is configured to receive the first polarized light, the interference detection light, and the interference reference light and output detection information of the sample 10. The optical fiber interference component 3 is provided with an optical fiber for transmitting the second polarized light, the detection light, the reference light, the interference detection light and the interference reference light, and the optical fiber is adopted for transmitting the optical beam, so that the influence of environmental disturbance on free space light beam propagation is avoided, the stability of signal detection is improved, the miniaturization and intensive design of the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope are facilitated, the whole size of the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope is slightly smaller than that of a traditional optical microscope (the whole size of the traditional optical fiber photoacoustic microscope is equal to or multiple times that of the traditional optical microscope), and the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope has the characteristics of miniaturization and integration and can meet the use requirement of miniaturization.
The polarized light used may be linear polarized light, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light. The preset ratio is 6:4-99:1, and taking the preset ratio as 99:1 as an example, the light beam containing 99% of the energy of the second polarized light is used as the detection light, and the light beam containing 1% of the energy of the second polarized light is used as the reference light.
The photoacoustic wave generating assembly 5 generates pulsed excitation light to irradiate the sample 10, the sample 10 absorbs the pulsed excitation light and generates ultrasonic pressure waves corresponding to the optical absorption characteristics of the sample 10 based on the thermoelastic effect, and areas with different densities and different structures in the sample 10 have different optical absorption characteristics, so that different ultrasonic pressure waves can be generated, and the density, the structure and other information of the sample can be deeply detected based on the difference of the ultrasonic pressure waves. The sample 10 may be a living animal tissue such as a blood vessel, skin, organ, or the like, or may be a biological material such as a cell, a plant tissue, or the like. The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope can further comprise a two-dimensional electric displacement platform 7, the sample 10 can be placed on the two-dimensional electric displacement platform 7, and the two-dimensional electric displacement platform drives the sample 10 to move along the X-axis and the Y-axis so as to conduct omnibearing dynamic detection on the sample 10.
In a more specific embodiment, the plasma phase sensor 4 includes a coated prism 42 and a deionized water film 41 disposed below the coated prism 42, where the lower side of the deionized water film 41 is used for placing the sample 10, specifically, a bottom surface of the coated prism 42 and a side surface for reflecting the probe light are both provided with a reflective coating 421, and the deionized water film 41 contacts the reflective coating 421 on the bottom surface of the coated prism 42. Specifically, the reflective coating 421 is a metal coating. Wherein, the film-coated prism 42 is a right angle prism or a trapezoid prism. The deionized water film 41 is composed of deionized water, so that the deionized water film 41 does not contain any impurity, the influence of the impurity on the detection result can be avoided, and the detection accuracy of the sample 10 is improved. The bottom surface of the coated prism 42 and one side surface for reflecting the detection light are both provided with a reflective coating 421, when the coated prism 42 is a trapezoidal prism, the included angle between the side surface of the coated prism 42 for reflecting the detection light and the bottom surface is an excitation angle a of the coated prism 42, the coating material and the excitation angle a used for the reflective coating 421 need to correspond to the wavelength of the polarized light, the excitation angle a needs to be larger than the total reflection angle of the coating material, more specifically, a metal coating such as a gold coating, a silver coating, a tin coating, a lead coating and the like is selected as the reflective coating 421, other coatings with a reflective effect can be selected as the reflective coating 421, and the excitation angle a can be 60-80 °.
Since the detection light of the photoacoustic imaging system adopting the transmission mode needs to be emitted from one side of the sample and pass through the sample to be emitted from the other side of the sample, the conventional photoacoustic imaging system adopting the transmission mode can only image the cell sample in vitro. The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope adopting the reflection mode designed by the above-mentioned isoelectric phase sensor 4 is used, and the detection light, the pulse impulse light and the interference detection light are all located on the same side of the sample 10 to act (the detection light and the pulse impulse light shown in fig. 4 of this embodiment are all emitted from the upper side of the sample 10, and the interference detection light is emitted from the upper side of the sample 10), so that the imaging can be performed on organ organs such as brain and eyes of a human body, and the problem that the conventional photoacoustic imaging system adopting the transmission mode can only image in vitro cell samples and cannot image organ organs such as brain and eyes of the human body can be solved.
For example, when the wavelength of polarized light is 633nm, the power of polarized light is 20mw, a gold plating layer is used as the reflective plating layer 421 on the bottom surface of the plating prism 42, a silver plating layer is used as the reflective plating layer 421 on the side surface of the plating prism 42 for reflecting the probe light, and the excitation angle a is selected to be 71.55 °. The probe light is injected into the gold plating layer of the plating prism 42 from the opposite side of the side surface of the plating prism 42 for reflecting the probe light, surface plasma is excited and reflected for the first time, a plasma resonance effect very sensitive to refractive index change is generated, at this time, ultrasonic pressure waves are transmitted to the surface of the gold plating layer through the deionized water film 41, an aqueous solution near the gold plating layer is compressed or stretched under the influence of the ultrasonic pressure waves, the refractive index of the deionized water film 22 is changed and further the electromagnetic field of the surface plasma is caused to change, so that the probe light reflected by the surface plasma generates weak phase change, the reflected probe light is reflected for the second time through the surface plasma after being totally reflected by the silver plating layer, and weak phase change occurs again, and finally the probe light is emitted from the plating prism 42 as interference probe light.
The traditional photoacoustic microscope is manufactured by adopting a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer converts a received ultrasonic signal into an electric signal to be output, and the detection bandwidth of the piezoelectric transducer is narrow, usually 50-60MHz and the detection sensitivity is relatively low (noise equivalent sound pressure: about 1 kPa) due to the restriction of the property of a piezoelectric material. Based on the above example, the characteristic that the plasma resonance effect is extremely sensitive to the refractive index can be used for manufacturing the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope which is superior to the prior art, the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope can improve the detection bandwidth to more than 200MHz, the detection sensitivity can be improved to 0.1kPa (noise equivalent sound pressure, the detection sensitivity is higher as the value is smaller), and the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope is superior to the traditional photoacoustic microscope adopting the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer in terms of both detection bandwidth and detection sensitivity.
In a more specific embodiment, the polarized light generating assembly 1 comprises a helium-neon laser generator 11, a polarizer 12 and a half wave plate 13; the helium-neon laser generator 11 is used for generating detection laser; the polaroid 12 is arranged between the helium-neon laser generator 11 and the half wave plate 13, and the polaroid 12 is used for modulating the detection laser to obtain modulated detection laser; the half wave plate 13 is disposed between the polarizer 12 and the beam splitter 2, and the half wave plate 13 is used for adjusting components of P-polarization and S-polarization of the modulated detection laser to use the adjusted modulated detection laser as the polarized light. The polarizer 12 is used to modulate the polarization direction of the probe laser light to obtain modulated probe laser light, and the half-wave plate 13 is used to adjust the P-polarized and S-polarized components of the modulated probe laser light to obtain polarized light, wherein when the light beam penetrates the surface of an optical element (such as a polarizer or a beam splitter) at a non-perpendicular angle, the reflection and transmission characteristics depend on polarization phenomena, in which case the coordinate system used is defined by the plane containing the input and reflected light beams, the P-polarized component being the portion of the light beam through which the polarization vector passes, and the S-polarized component being the portion of the light beam perpendicular to the plane.
In a more specific embodiment, the optical fiber interference assembly 3 includes a first focusing lens 31, a second focusing lens 32, a planar mirror 33, and a polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34; the first focusing lens 31 is disposed between the first port 341 of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 and the beam splitter 2, and the first focusing lens 31 is configured to focus the second polarized light and input the second polarized light into the first port 341; the second focusing lens 32 is disposed between the second port 342 of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 and the plane mirror 33, and the second focusing lens 32 is configured to focus the reference light output from the second port 342 and output the reference light to the plane mirror 33; the plane mirror 33 is configured to reflect the reference light and reversely input the formed reflected light beam as interference reference light to the second port 342; the third port 343 of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 is configured to output the detection light to the plasma sensor 4 and receive the interference detection light; the fourth port 344 of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 is used for outputting the interference detection light and the interference reference light to the photoacoustic wave detection assembly 6. The interference detection light and the interference reference light are coherent at the optical fiber interference unit 3. The polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 may specifically be a 2×2 polarization maintaining fiber coupler, and the body of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler 34 is connected to the first port 341, the second port 342, the third port 343, and the fourth port 344 by optical fibers. The optical fiber transmission is adopted for the light beam, so that the loss in the light beam transmission can be reduced, disturbance of external environment changes such as vibration, air flow and the like to the phase of the detection light is avoided, and the stability of the detection signal is effectively improved; the optical fiber transmission can further promote the integration and miniaturization of the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope design, and the obtained optical fiber photoacoustic microscope has the characteristics of small volume and light weight, and can meet the miniaturized use requirements of places such as hospitals, schools and the like.
In a more specific embodiment, the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6 includes a third focusing lens 61, a balanced amplifying photodetector 62, and a developing device 63; the third focusing lens 61 is disposed between the first input end 621 of the balance amplifying photodetector 62 and the beam splitter 2, and the third focusing lens 61 is configured to focus the first polarized light and then input the first polarized light to the first input end 621; a second input end 622 of the balance amplifying photodetector 62 is connected to the optical fiber interference component 3, and the second input end 622 is used for receiving the interference detection light and the interference reference light; the output end 623 of the balance amplifying photodetector 62 is connected to the imaging device 63 to output an imaging signal to the imaging device 63 for displaying the detection information of the sample. The body of the balanced amplifying photodetector 62 is connected with the first input end 621 and the second input end 622 by optical fibers, and the display device 63 may be a terminal device with a display function, such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, or a mobile phone. The body of the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6 is connected to the first input end 621 and the second input end 622 by optical fibers, that is, the optical fibers are used for transmitting the received first polarized light, the received interference detection light and the received interference reference light. Specifically, the photoacoustic wave detecting assembly 6 receives the first polarized light to eliminate the background noise in the interference detection light and the interference reference light through the first polarized light, the interference reference light after eliminating the background noise can be used as a reference of the interference detection light after eliminating the background noise, the interference reference light after eliminating the background noise is removed from the interference detection light after eliminating the background noise, and a display signal only including the detection information of the sample 10 can be obtained, specifically, based on the measured interference detection light after eliminating the background noise and the coherent light intensity of the interference reference light after eliminating the background noise, the ultrasonic pressure wave information of the sample can be obtained, that is, the detection information of the sample is obtained.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a use state of the optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing according to the present invention, and acquired imaging information including sample detection information is shown in fig. 5. Here, fig. c in fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a broken line frame portion of fig. b in fig. 5.
In a more specific embodiment, the photoacoustic wave generating assembly 5 includes a solid laser generator 51, a fourth focusing lens 52, and an excitation light reflecting device 53; the solid state laser generator 51 is used for generating pulsed impulse light; the fourth focusing lens 52 is disposed between the solid laser generator 51 and the excitation light reflecting device 53, and the fourth focusing lens 52 is configured to focus the pulsed excitation light and input the focused pulsed excitation light into the excitation light reflecting device 53; the excitation light reflecting device 53 is disposed between the fourth focusing lens 52 and the sample 10, and the excitation light reflecting device 53 is configured to reflect the focused pulse excitation light to the sample 10. The body of the solid laser generator 51 is connected with the output end of the solid laser generator 51 by an optical fiber, and the pulse excitation light generated by the solid laser generator 51 is transmitted to the output end of the solid laser generator 51 by the optical fiber and is output. The solid-state laser generator 51 is used for generating short-pulse excitation light, and the wavelength of the pulse excitation light can be properly adjusted for different samples 10, so that the sample 10 can more efficiently absorb the pulse excitation light to generate stronger ultrasonic pressure wave information. For example, pulse excitation light having a wavelength of 532nm may be used to detect the vascular sample 10.
In a more specific embodiment, the excitation light reflecting device 53 includes a separation mirror 531, a first side mirror 532, and a second side mirror 533; the first side mirror 532 and the second side mirror 533 are arranged axisymmetrically with respect to a vertical line of the split mirror 531; the split mirror 531 is configured to receive the pulsed excitation light and reflect the pulsed excitation light to the first side mirror 532 and the second side mirror 533, respectively; the first side mirror 532 and the second side mirror 533 both reflect a portion of the received pulsed excitation light to the sample 10.
The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing disclosed by the invention adopts a photoacoustic wave generation component to generate pulse excitation light to irradiate a sample so as to generate ultrasonic pressure waves and change the refractive index of a deionized water film in the plasma phase sensor, so that the phase of detection light injected into the plasma phase sensor is changed. The polarized light generating component generates polarized light and inputs the first polarized light into the photoacoustic wave detecting component through the beam splitter so as to eliminate background noise; one path of light beam in the second polarized light is taken as detection light to enter the plasma phase sensor, and the reflected light beam corresponding to the detection light is taken as interference detection light; the other beam is used as interference reference light through specular reflection, the two beams are coherent through an optical fiber interference assembly, and ultrasonic pressure wave information of the sample can be obtained by measuring coherent light intensities of the interference detection light and the interference reference light. The fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that compared with a photoacoustic microscope adopting a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer, the fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasma phase sensing greatly improves the boost detection sensitivity by utilizing the resonance effect of the plasma phase sensor, and has an ultra-large detection bandwidth; the optical fiber is adopted to transmit excitation light and detection light, so that the interference of factors such as external environment vibration to signal detection is reduced, the stability of the whole imaging system is improved, meanwhile, the characteristics of small volume and good stability of the optical fiber are utilized, the miniaturized use requirement of the photoacoustic microscope can be met, and the problems that the detection sensitivity is low, the detection bandwidth is narrow and the miniaturized use requirement is not met in the traditional photoacoustic microscope are solved.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the examples described above, but is capable of modification and variation in light of the above teachings by those skilled in the art, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing, comprising: the device comprises a polarized light generating component, a beam splitter, an optical fiber interference component, an equipotential phase sensor, a photoacoustic wave generating component and a photoacoustic wave detecting component;
the polarized light generating component is used for generating polarized light and inputting the polarized light into the beam splitter;
The beam splitter is arranged between the polarized light generation assembly and the optical fiber interference assembly and between the polarized light generation assembly and the photoacoustic wave detection assembly, and is used for splitting the polarized light to obtain first polarized light and second polarized light, inputting the first polarized light into the photoacoustic wave detection assembly and inputting the second polarized light into the optical fiber interference assembly;
The photoacoustic wave generating component is used for generating pulsed impulse light and irradiating a sample to generate ultrasonic pressure waves;
The optical fiber interference component is used for receiving the second polarized light and outputting detection light and reference light corresponding to the second polarized light according to a preset proportion; the optical fiber interference component inputs the detection light into the plasma phase sensor, and receives a reflected light beam formed by reflecting the detection light by the plasma phase sensor as interference detection light; the optical fiber interference component receives a reflected light beam formed by plane reflection of the reference light as interference reference light;
The plasma phase sensor is used for receiving the detection light and reversely inputting a reflected light beam which changes due to the influence of the ultrasonic pressure wave when the detection light is reflected by the plasma phase sensor as the interference detection light to the optical fiber interference assembly;
The photoacoustic wave detection assembly is used for receiving the first polarized light, the interference detection light and the interference reference light and outputting detection information of the sample;
the plasma phase sensor comprises a coating prism and a deionized water film arranged below the coating prism, wherein the lower part of the deionized water film can be used for placing a sample; the film-coated prism is a right-angle prism or a trapezoid prism;
The polarized light generating component comprises a helium-neon laser generator, a polaroid and a half-wave plate;
The helium-neon laser generator is used for generating detection laser;
The polaroid is arranged between the helium-neon laser generator and the half wave plate and is used for modulating the detection laser to obtain modulated detection laser;
The half wave plate is arranged between the polaroid and the beam splitter and is used for adjusting components of P-polarization and S-polarization of the modulated detection laser so as to take the modulated detection laser as polarized light.
2. The optical fiber photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing of claim 1 wherein the bottom surface of the coated prism and one side surface for reflecting the probe light are both provided with a reflective coating, and the deionized water film contacts the reflective coating of the bottom surface of the coated prism.
3. The fiber optic photoacoustic microscope based on surface plasmon phase sensing of claim 2 wherein the reflective coating is a metal coating.
4. A surface plasmon phase sensing based fiber photoacoustic microscope of any one of claims 1-3, wherein said fiber interference assembly comprises a first focusing lens, a second focusing lens, a planar mirror and a polarization maintaining fiber coupler;
The first focusing lens is arranged between the first port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler and the beam splitter, and is used for focusing the second polarized light and inputting the second polarized light into the first port;
the second focusing lens is arranged between the second port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler and the plane mirror, and is used for focusing the reference light output by the second port and outputting the reference light to the plane mirror;
The plane reflector is used for reflecting the reference light and reversely inputting the formed reflected light beam to the second port as interference reference light;
the third port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is used for outputting detection light to the isoelectric phase sensor and receiving the interference detection light;
The fourth port of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is used for outputting the interference detection light and the interference reference light to the photoacoustic wave detection assembly;
the body of the polarization maintaining fiber coupler is connected with the first port, the second port, the third port and the fourth port through optical fibers.
5. A surface plasmon phase sensing based fiber photoacoustic microscope of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the photoacoustic wave detection assembly comprises a third focusing lens, a balanced amplifying photodetector and a visualization device;
the third focusing lens is arranged between the first input end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector and the beam splitter, and is used for focusing the first polarized light and then inputting the first polarized light into the first input end;
The second input end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector is connected with the optical fiber interference assembly, and the second input end is used for receiving the interference detection light and the interference reference light;
The output end of the balance amplification photoelectric detector is connected with the imaging device so as to output imaging signals to the imaging device to display detection information of the sample.
6. A surface plasmon phase sensing based fiber photoacoustic microscope of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the photoacoustic wave generating assembly comprises a solid laser generator, a fourth focusing lens and an excitation light reflecting means;
The solid laser generator is used for generating pulse impulse light;
The fourth focusing lens is arranged between the solid laser generator and the excitation light reflecting device, and is used for focusing the pulse excitation light and inputting the pulse excitation light into the excitation light reflecting device;
the excitation light reflecting device is arranged between the fourth focusing lens and the sample and is used for reflecting the focused pulse excitation light to the sample.
7. The surface plasmon phase sensing based fiber photoacoustic microscope of claim 6 wherein the excitation light reflecting means comprises a split mirror, a first side mirror and a second side mirror;
The first side reflecting mirror and the second side reflecting mirror are arranged in an axisymmetric way by taking the vertical line of the separation reflecting mirror as an axis;
The separation reflector is used for receiving the pulse excitation light and reflecting the pulse excitation light to the first side reflector and the second side reflector respectively; the first side reflecting mirror and the second side reflecting mirror reflect the received part of pulse excitation light to the sample.
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