CN111002506B - Composite material and OOA preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material and OOA preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111002506B CN111002506B CN201911218677.1A CN201911218677A CN111002506B CN 111002506 B CN111002506 B CN 111002506B CN 201911218677 A CN201911218677 A CN 201911218677A CN 111002506 B CN111002506 B CN 111002506B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
- B29B15/14—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length of filaments or wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite material and an OOA preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material is prepared from a partially-infiltrated prepreg by adopting an OOA process, the partially-infiltrated prepreg is prepared from a resin matrix and fibers by adopting a hot melting process, the prepreg is composed of an upper infiltrated layer, a lower infiltrated layer and a middle partially-infiltrated layer, and the middle partially-infiltrated layer is composed of a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area. The prepreg which is completely infiltrated from top to bottom and partially infiltrated from the middle part is adopted, the dry fibers are left in the prepreg, the same paving performance of the prepreg and the conventional prepreg can be ensured, the surface state of the prepreg does not need to be particularly distinguished during paving, the paving manufacturability is good, the construction is convenient, and the composite material prepared by the OOA method has high density and high qualification rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material and an OOA preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of composite material preparation.
Background
The resin-based composite material has the characteristics of high specific strength and high specific modulus, so that the resin-based composite material is widely applied to aerospace, along with the gradual increase of the using amount of the composite material and the size of a product, the defects of high equipment investment, high process cost and inconvenience for integrated integral forming of the traditional autoclave and die pressing forming process are increasingly revealed, the requirements of low-cost manufacturing and integrated integral forming of high-performance composite material products cannot be met, and the further expansion and application of the composite material are hindered. Liquid molding represented by VARI has great advantages in low-cost manufacturing and integrated integral molding, but the composite material product manufactured by the liquid molding has low fiber volume content and poor performance, and cannot meet the requirement of the aerospace field on high-performance composite materials. The traditional double-sided impregnated prepreg prepared by the existing hot melting method process is not suitable for a non-autoclave OOA process, gas cannot be smoothly discharged during molding, so that defects in the composite material are caused, the porosity is as high as 5-20%, and the mechanical property of the composite material is poor.
In order to solve the problems, a partially soaked prepreg of a single-sided resin adhesive film exists in the early stage, although the partially soaked prepreg meets the non-autoclave OOA process of a high-performance composite material, the dry fibers are left on the surface of the prepreg, so that the paving performance of one side with the dry fibers is poor, the position of the surface of the dry fibers needs to be paid special attention during paving, and otherwise, errors are easy to occur to cause product scrap.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a composite material with high density and improved qualification rate and an OOA preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the composite material is prepared from a partially-infiltrated prepreg by adopting an OOA (on-off-board) process, wherein the partially-infiltrated prepreg is prepared from a resin matrix and fibers by adopting a hot melting process, the prepreg comprises an upper infiltrated layer, a lower infiltrated layer and a middle partially-infiltrated layer, and the middle partially-infiltrated layer comprises a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area.
The composite material is prepared from a partially-infiltrated prepreg by adopting an OOA (on-off-board) process, wherein the partially-infiltrated prepreg is prepared from a resin matrix containing nano fibers or functional fillers and fibers by adopting a hot melting process, the prepreg comprises an upper infiltrated layer, a lower infiltrated layer and a middle partially-infiltrated layer, the middle partially-infiltrated layer comprises a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area, and the addition amount of the nano fibers or the functional fillers is not less than 0.5 percent of the mass of the resin matrix.
A preparation method of composite material OOA is realized by the following steps:
the first step, preparing a partially impregnated prepreg,
a1.1, preparing a resin matrix for prepreg and fibers;
a1.2, preparing a partially infiltrated prepreg by adopting the resin matrix prepared in the step A1.1 and a fiber hot melting method, wherein the infiltration degree of the prepreg is 70-90%;
secondly, blanking and layering;
thirdly, pre-compacting;
fourthly, precuring;
and fifthly, post-curing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the prepreg which is completely infiltrated from top to bottom and partially infiltrated from the middle part is adopted, the dry fibers are left in the prepreg, so that the same paving property of the prepreg and the conventional prepreg can be ensured, the surface state of the prepreg does not need to be particularly distinguished during paving, the paving manufacturability is good, the construction is convenient, and the composite material prepared by adopting the OOA method has high density and high qualification rate;
(2) the partially infiltrated prepreg has the dry fibers inside the prepreg serving as an air guide channel, so that the gas in the prepreg can be discharged under vacuum pressure, the inside of the composite material is densified, and a composite material product with good internal quality is obtained under lower molding pressure;
(3) the invention has small equipment investment and low comprehensive manufacturing cost, and the adoption of the partially infiltrated prepreg of the invention does not need an autoclave and a hot press with expensive investment, has small equipment investment, does not need high energy consumption and high metal molds of the autoclave, and has low comprehensive manufacturing cost;
(4) when the prepreg with self-bonding capability is used for preparing the sandwich material, the weight reduction efficiency is higher, the material cost is saved, a structural adhesive film is not required to be added between the composite material panel and the core material or the resin content of the prepreg is not required to be increased, and the high-bonding-strength sandwich structure composite material can be obtained only by adopting the prepreg with normal resin content, so that the adhesive film is saved or the resin consumption is reduced, the material cost is reduced, and the product weight is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prepreg structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a composite material, which is prepared from a partially-infiltrated prepreg by adopting an OOA (on-off-board) process, wherein the partially-infiltrated prepreg is prepared from a resin matrix and fibers by adopting a hot melting process as shown in figure 1, the prepreg comprises an upper infiltrated layer, a lower infiltrated layer and a middle partially-infiltrated layer, and the middle partially-infiltrated layer comprises a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area.
The invention controls the content of non-infiltrating fibers by controlling the temperature and pressure during prepreg forming, thereby meeting the requirement on the wettability of the prepreg. The wettability is required to be 70-90%, and the wettability refers to the percentage of the fiber content of the impregnating resin in the total fiber content. The discontinuous non-wetting fiber area accounts for 40-60% of the wetting layer of the middle part, and the wetting layer of the middle part accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the total amount of the prepreg.
When the prepreg is prepared by adopting the double-layer resin film, the temperature and the pressure in the hot melting process are controlled, so that only part of the fibers in the middle part are soaked by the resin matrix, the non-soaked fiber areas are reserved, the upper part and the lower part of the prepreg are soaking layers, the fibers are completely soaked by the resin matrix, the same paving manufacturability as that of the common conventional prepreg is ensured, the fibers are partially soaked by the resin matrix in the middle part, the soaked fibers provide rigidity when the prepreg is paved, the non-soaked fibers serve as air guide channels, the gas in the composite material can be smoothly discharged when the prepreg is paved, and the densified composite material can be obtained even under the vacuum pressure.
When the invention adopts the double-layer resin film to prepare the prepreg, in order to obtain a proper partial wetting layer in the middle, the viscosity of the resin matrix and the composite pressure of the prepreg are controlled to realize the preparation, and a person skilled in the art can select the required composite temperature and pressure according to the required wetting quality of the invention.
Further preferably, when the resin matrix and the fibers are compounded into the prepreg, it is more important to select a proper compounding temperature, preferably, the viscosity of the resin matrix at the compounding temperature is between 15000mpa.s and 30000mpa.s, and the compounding pressure is adjusted at the same time, so that the resin matrix is only in a 70% -90% partial infiltration state on the fibers, thereby achieving the microstructure effect shown in fig. 1. The change of the viscosity in the optimal range of the invention has little influence on the subsequent composite material molding, the change can be ignored, the pressure is properly adjusted according to the wettability of the prepreg, and finally the wettability of the prepreg is taken as the core measuring index of the invention. Within the range of the wettability required by the invention, under the same condition, the adjustment of the wettability has little influence on the performance of subsequent products and can be ignored.
If the composite temperature is not properly selected, partial impregnation of the prepreg required by the wettability of the prepreg is difficult to achieve through adjustment of the composite pressure, if the composite temperature is too low, the viscosity of a resin matrix is too high during compounding and is far higher than the optimal range of the invention, the resin wettability is poor, the adjustable space of the composite pressure is small within the adjustable pressure range of prepreg equipment, the manufacturability is poor, too many dry fibers in the middle of the prepreg are easily caused in the prepreg preparation process, and the spreadability of the prepreg is too poor and has no practicability; if the compounding temperature is too high, the viscosity of the resin matrix is too low during compounding and is far below the preferable range of the invention, and the resin matrix can completely soak the fibers under very low compounding pressure, so that no dry fiber area exists in the prepreg, the prepreg becomes the completely soaked prepreg, and in the subsequent composite material forming process, the gas in the composite material cannot be smoothly discharged, so that the composite material meeting the internal quality requirement cannot be prepared, and the method cannot be applied to the OOA process.
The invention has no special requirement on the type of the resin matrix, and the type of the resin matrix is selected according to the performance requirement of the composite material, and can be any resin type which can meet the requirement of preparing the prepreg by a hot melting method, such as epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate resin and the like.
The fiber adopted by the invention is continuous fiber, has no special requirements on the type and the form of the fiber, and is selected according to the performance requirement of the composite material. The fiber type can be one or a mixture of several of glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber and the like, and the fiber form can be unidirectional fiber, plain weave fabric, twill weave fabric, satin weave fabric and the like.
The resin matrix and fiber content in the prepreg of the invention is a known technology for preparing the prepreg by a hot-melt method, and can be adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to production requirements. Generally, the mass percent of the continuous fibers is 55-75 wt%, and the mass percent of the resin matrix is 25-45 wt%. When the fiber is a unidirectional fiber, the preferable proportion of the fiber is 65-70% and the resin matrix is 30-35%; the fiber is a fiber fabric, preferably 60-65% of the fiber and 35-40% of the resin matrix. The resin matrix of the present invention refers to all other materials except carbon fibers, including curing agents and other necessary auxiliaries.
Furthermore, the resin matrix of the partially infiltrated prepreg can be added with nano-fibers, the partially infiltrated prepreg is prepared from the resin matrix containing the nano-fibers and the fibers by adopting a hot melting process, the prepreg comprises an upper infiltrated layer, a lower infiltrated layer and a middle partially infiltrated layer, the middle partially infiltrated layer comprises a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area, the addition amount of the nano-fibers is not less than 0.5 percent of the mass of the resin matrix, and the infiltration degree is required to be 70-90 percent. The discontinuous non-wetting fiber area accounts for 40-60% of the wetting layer of the middle part, and the wetting layer of the middle part accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the total amount of the prepreg.
The mechanical property of the composite material can be further improved by adding the nano fibers, if the addition amount of the nano fibers reaches 0.5 percent of the mass of the resin matrix, the mechanical property can be improved, in principle, the more the addition amount is, the higher the reinforcing effect is, but because the addition of the nano fibers can influence the manufacturability of the prepreg preparation, if the addition amount is too large, the more difficult the nano fibers are to be dispersed uniformly, the problem of agglomeration is easy to occur, generally not more than 10 percent, and the skilled person in the art can select the appropriate addition amount according to the actual production needs.
The type and content of the resin matrix (including nanofibers) and the type, content and form of the fibers in the prepreg are the same as those described above. When the nanofiber-added resin matrix and the fibers are combined to form a prepreg, an appropriate combination temperature is selected, and the viscosity of the nanofiber-added resin matrix at the combination temperature is preferably set to be between 15000mpa.s and 30000 mpa.s.
The invention has no special requirements on the type of the nano fiber, and selects a proper type according to the material performance, wherein the proper type can be carbon nano fiber, titanium oxide nano fiber or nano whisker and the like. The aspect ratio of the nanofiber is preferably not more than 10000, the diameter of the nanofiber is preferably 30-50 nanometers, the aspect ratio is further preferably 3000-7000, and the addition amount is 1-5% of the mass of the resin matrix. The length-diameter ratio of the nano-fiber cannot be too large, too large fiber is seriously agglomerated, and the dispersion is difficult.
According to the inspiration of the invention, various functional fillers can be added into the resin matrix for preparing the partially infiltrated prepreg according to the performance requirements of the composite material, so that the partially infiltrated prepreg with special functions can be obtained and used for preparing the composite materials with different performance requirements.
Further, the present invention provides a method for preparing a composite material as shown in fig. 2, which is implemented by the following steps:
1. preparing a resin matrix for prepreg and fibers;
determining the type and content of a resin matrix and the type, content and form of fibers according to production requirements, wherein the resin matrix comprises a curing agent and an accelerant, adding an auxiliary agent into resin, stirring uniformly and defoaming to obtain the resin matrix for the prepreg, and performing conventional surface treatment on the fibers for later use.
2. And (3) preparing the prepreg by adopting the resin matrix prepared in the step (1) and a fiber hot melting method.
In the step, the prepreg compounding temperature is preferably selected to ensure that the viscosity of the resin matrix at the temperature is 15000 mPa.s-30000 mPa.s, and the compounding pressure is required to ensure that the prepreg meets the requirement of 70-90% of wettability. The prepreg prepared by the hot melting method is compounded on the existing prepreg production equipment, and other processes can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
3. And (6) blanking.
And (3) cutting parts with required size, quantity and laying angle by using an automatic fabric cutting machine according to the size of the composite material product to soak the prepreg.
4. And (6) layering.
Paving a first layer of prepreg on the surface of the mould, then packaging by using a vacuum bag, vacuumizing and pre-compacting at room temperature, and then packaging by using the vacuum bag, vacuumizing and pre-compacting at room temperature every time one to three layers of the prepreg are paved, until all the prepreg is paved. Vacuumizing and pre-compacting for not less than 15min, and exhausting gas.
5. And (4) pre-compacting.
And packaging the laid prepreg layer with a vacuum bag, vacuumizing and pre-compacting at room temperature for not less than 2h, and exhausting gas wrapped in the prepreg layer. Preferably, the pre-compaction time is 2-10 h, the pre-compaction time is different according to different products, and the pre-compaction minimum time is generally recommended to be calculated according to 2 hours and product length (unit mm)/500 mm.
6. And (4) pre-curing.
At temperatures below the curing temperature, the precure is not less than 4 hours, generally requiring the resin to change from a liquid to a solid that does not flow. In the invention, the resin is pre-cured to gradually impregnate part of continuous fibers or fabrics which are not infiltrated in the prepreg under low viscosity, so that the composite material is densified, and the composite material with the porosity of less than 1 percent can be obtained, while the composite material in the prior art cannot be densified in the preparation process, and the porosity of the obtained composite material is more than 5 percent.
The pre-curing temperature in the step is selected, according to the dynamic viscosity curve and the isothermal viscosity curve of the resin matrix, the resin viscosity is selected to be less than 20000mPa.s, the temperature corresponding to the low viscosity is not less than 4h, and the temperature is used as the pre-curing temperature of the composite material.
7. And (5) post-curing.
And (3) after post-curing, namely directly continuing to heat the product subjected to pre-curing to the curing temperature of the resin, or demoulding the product subjected to pre-curing, and heating the product to the curing temperature of the resin in a free state, so that the resin is fully cured to obtain the high-performance composite material product.
Post-curing is well known in the art, and one skilled in the art can select a suitable curing process according to the kind of resin and the specific production requirement. Preferably, directly continuing heating and curing, controlling the heating rate to be 2-3 ℃/min, curing in a free state after demolding, and controlling the heating rate to be 0.5-1 ℃/min; further preferably, a heat preservation step not less than 1 hour is arranged at every 15-25 ℃ so as to prevent the composite material from solidifying and deforming.
Furthermore, the nano-fibers are added into the partially-infiltrated prepreg selected by the composite material, and the partially-infiltrated prepreg is prepared by the following steps:
1. preparing a resin matrix for prepreg containing nanofibers and fibers;
according to production requirements, determining the type and content of the resin matrix, the type, content and form of the fiber, and determining the type, size and content of the nanofiber. Adding the nano-fibers into resin, uniformly mixing to obtain a nano-fiber master batch, adding auxiliaries such as a curing agent and an accelerant into the nano-fiber master batch, uniformly stirring and defoaming to obtain a resin matrix for the prepreg containing the nano-fibers, and performing conventional surface treatment on the fibers for later use.
2. And (2) preparing the prepreg by adopting the nanofiber-containing resin matrix prepared in the step (1) and a fiber hot melting method.
In the step, the prepreg compounding temperature is preferably selected to ensure that the viscosity of the resin matrix containing the nano-fibers is 15000 mPa.s-30000 mPa.s at the temperature. The composite pressure must ensure that the prepreg meets the 70-90% wettability requirement.
The rest steps are as above.
Example 1
Prepreg preparation:
65-68 wt% of T700 continuous carbon fiber
3068 resin 32-35 wt%
The impregnation degree of the prepreg is 70-75%
The compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 65 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 21000mPa.s, and the compounding pressure is adjusted according to the wettability of the prepreg.
The prepreg prepared in the example is prepared into the composite material by adopting an OOA preparation process, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (6) blanking.
16 layers of 320 x 320mm 0 ° prepreg were cut with an automatic cutting machine.
2. And (6) layering.
And paving a first layer of prepreg on the surface of the mould, packaging by using a vacuum bag, and vacuumizing and pre-compacting at room temperature for 15 min. And then, each time three layers of prepregs are laid, packaging the prepregs by using a vacuum bag, vacuumizing and pre-compacting at room temperature for 15min until all the prepregs are laid, and all prepreg fibers are arranged along one direction.
3. And (4) pre-compacting.
And packaging the laid prepreg layer by using a vacuum bag, continuously vacuumizing and pre-compacting for 2h at room temperature, and exhausting gas wrapped in the prepreg layer.
4. And (4) pre-curing.
And curing the pre-compacted prepreg paving layer at 65 ℃ for 8h to harden the resin to complete the pre-curing of the composite material.
5. And (5) post-curing.
Directly and continuously heating to 130 ℃ to fully solidify the resin, cooling to below 60 ℃, and demoulding to obtain the high-performance composite material flat plate.
The flexural properties, interlaminar shear strength and porosity of the composite materials prepared are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
Prepreg preparation:
65-68 wt% of T700 continuous carbon fiber
3180 32-35 wt% of resin
The impregnation degree of the prepreg is 75-80%
The compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 75 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 28000mPa.s, and the compounding pressure is adjusted according to the wettability of the prepreg.
The prepreg prepared in the example is prepared into a composite material by adopting an OOA preparation process, the precuring temperature of the composite material during the preparation of the OOA is 90 ℃, the post-curing temperature is 180 ℃, and the bending property, the interlaminar shear strength and the porosity of the prepared composite material are shown in Table 1 in the same way as in example 1.
Example 3
Prepreg preparation:
65-68 wt% of T700 continuous carbon fiber
9306 bismaleimide resin 32-35 wt%
The impregnation degree of the prepreg is 80-85%
The compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 75 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 25000mPa.s, and the compounding pressure is adjusted according to the wettability of the prepreg.
The prepreg prepared in the example is prepared into a composite material by adopting an OOA preparation process, the precuring temperature of the composite material during the preparation of the OOA is 100 ℃, the post-curing temperature is 200 ℃, and the bending property, the interlaminar shear strength and the porosity of the prepared composite material are shown in Table 1 in the same way as in example 1.
Example 4
Prepreg preparation:
the compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 85 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 25000mPa.s, and the compounding pressure is adjusted according to the wettability of the prepreg.
The prepreg prepared in this example was prepared into a composite material by using an OOA preparation process, which was the same as that in example 3, and the bending properties, interlaminar shear strength, and porosity of the prepared composite material were as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Double-layer fully-impregnated prepreg:
65-68 wt% of T700 continuous carbon fiber
9306 resin 32-35 wt%
The wetting degree of the prepreg is 100%
The compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 100 ℃, the viscosity of the resin is 10000mPa.s, and the compounding pressure can enable the prepreg to be completely soaked at the temperature of 100 ℃.
The prepreg prepared by the comparative example is prepared into the composite material by adopting an OOA preparation process, the precuring temperature of the composite material is 100 ℃ during the preparation of the OOA, the post-curing temperature is 200 ℃, and the bending property, the interlaminar shear strength and the porosity of the prepared composite material are shown in Table 1 in the same way as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
Single-layer partial impregnation of prepreg:
65-68 wt% of T700 continuous carbon fiber
9306 bismaleimide resin 32-35 wt%
The compounding temperature of the prepared prepreg is 100 ℃, and the viscosity of the resin is 10000 mPa.s. The composite pressure is adjusted to enable the resin to just penetrate through the prepreg from one side of the prepreg to the surface of the other side, and the surface has about 5-15% of dry fibers.
The prepreg prepared by the comparative example is used for preparing the composite material by adopting an OOA process, the precuring temperature of the composite material during the preparation of the OOA is 100 ℃, the post-curing temperature is 200 ℃, and the bending property, the interlaminar shear strength and the porosity of the prepared composite material are shown in the table 1 in the other same examples 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the OOA process is adopted for the conventional fully-impregnated prepreg and the single-layer prepreg, and compared with the OOA process adopted for the partially-impregnated prepreg of the invention, the bending property and the interlaminar shear strength of the composite material are greatly reduced, the porosity is greatly increased, and the internal quality of the composite material is obviously deteriorated.
The invention has not been described in detail and is in part known to those of skill in the art.
Claims (8)
1. A composite material characterized by: the prepreg is prepared from a resin matrix containing nano-fibers and fibers by adopting an OOA (open-air-assisted extrusion) process, the partially impregnated prepreg is prepared from an upper impregnated layer, a lower impregnated layer and a middle partially impregnated layer by adopting a hot melting process, the middle partially impregnated layer is composed of a discontinuous non-impregnated fiber area and an impregnated fiber area, the addition amount of the nano-fibers is not less than 0.5% of the mass of the resin matrix, and the viscosity of the resin matrix containing the nano-fibers is 15000 mPa.s-30000 mPa.s when the prepreg is prepared by adopting the hot melting process.
2. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the discontinuous non-wetting fiber area accounts for 40-60% of the wetting layer of the middle part, and the wetting layer of the middle part accounts for 1/3-1/2 of the total amount of the prepreg.
3. A composite material according to claim 1, wherein: the length-diameter ratio of the nanofiber is 1000-10000.
4. A composite material according to claim 3, wherein: the length-diameter ratio of the nano-fibers is 3000-7000, and the addition amount of the nano-fibers is 1-5% of the mass of the resin matrix.
5. The preparation method of the composite material OOA is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step, preparing a partially impregnated prepreg,
a1.1, preparing a resin matrix for a prepreg containing nano-fibers and fibers, wherein the viscosity of the resin matrix containing the nano-fibers is 15000 mPa.s-30000 mPa.s;
a1.2, preparing a partially-infiltrated prepreg by adopting the nanofiber-containing resin matrix prepared in the step A1.1 and a fiber hot melting method, wherein the infiltration degree of the prepreg is 70-90%, the prepreg comprises an upper infiltration layer, a lower infiltration layer and a middle partial infiltration layer, and the middle partial infiltration layer comprises a discontinuous non-infiltrated fiber area and an infiltrated fiber area;
secondly, blanking and layering;
thirdly, pre-compacting;
fourthly, precuring;
and fifthly, post-curing.
6. The method for preparing the composite OOA according to claim 5, wherein: the length-diameter ratio of the nanofibers in the first step is 1000-10000.
7. The method for preparing the composite OOA according to claim 6, wherein: in the first step, the length-diameter ratio of the nano fibers is 3000-7000, and the addition amount of the nano fibers is 1-5% of the mass of the resin matrix.
8. The method for preparing the composite OOA according to claim 5, wherein: and the fourth step of precuring, wherein the precuring is not less than 4h, the precuring temperature is that the viscosity of the resin is less than 20000mPa.s, and the holding time is not less than the corresponding temperature of 4h under the low viscosity.
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| CN116176003A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-05-30 | 宁波丽成复合材料制品有限公司 | Fast forming and mass production manufacturing process for CFRP three-dimensional component |
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