CN110994926A - A method for avoiding the breakage of the rotor end of a high-voltage and high-power squirrel motor - Google Patents
A method for avoiding the breakage of the rotor end of a high-voltage and high-power squirrel motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110994926A CN110994926A CN201911263757.9A CN201911263757A CN110994926A CN 110994926 A CN110994926 A CN 110994926A CN 201911263757 A CN201911263757 A CN 201911263757A CN 110994926 A CN110994926 A CN 110994926A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 title 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 64
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005520 electrodynamics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Induction Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part which comprises a sectional type iron core end part section, an end ring and a conducting bar end part with a stress concentration reducing characteristic, wherein the upper plane of the conducting bar end part with the stress concentration reducing characteristic adopts a four-step structure connected by an arc surface, the conducting bar in the sectional type iron core end part section is of an arc surface first-step structure, the conducting bar welded in the end ring is of an arc surface fourth-step structure, the conducting bars extending out of the iron core end surface to the end ring welding surface are of an arc surface second-step structure and an arc surface third-step structure in sequence, and the lower plane of the conducting bar end part with the stress concentration reducing characteristic adopts a concave surface design. By optimizing the shape of the stress concentration part at the end part of the conducting bar, the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area is smoothly transited, the stress concentration problem is greatly improved, and the phenomenon of fracture between the conducting bar and an end ring caused by overlarge stress concentration on the end part of a rotor of a cage-type motor due to frequent starting can be effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motor design and manufacture, and particularly relates to a high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part which avoids the problem of the fracture of the cage type motor rotor end part.
Background
The rotor of the high-voltage high-power motor mostly adopts a cage-shaped copper bar structure, and in actual operation, due to various reasons, the high-voltage high-power motor is easy to break and break at the end part of the rotor copper bar, and the frequent occurrence of the fault can bring serious threat to the safe operation of the whole production system.
The breakage of the rotor copper bar mainly has the following aspects:
1) the bars are not sufficiently tight in the rotor core. In actual production, the conducting bars cannot be absolutely fastened in the rotor core, and at the moment, the conducting bars can be subjected to various forces such as thermal bending deflection force, radial electromagnetic force, centrifugal force of the conducting bars, circumferential electrodynamic force and the like, so that the stress is complex, and the fatigue fracture is easily generated on the two welded sections of the conducting bars under the comprehensive action of the forces.
2) The motor has long starting time and is started frequently. When the motor is started, the force borne by the rotor conducting bar can be regarded as a non-periodically-changed alternating force, and the alternating of thermal stress and the temperature rise generated by the skin effect of the conducting bar are accelerated in the starting process of the motor, so that the welding part of the conducting bar and the end ring is easy to break finally.
3) And (4) welding reasons. Due to local heating, the temperature change range on a weldment is large and uneven, and when the temperature of a welding flux is reduced, in addition to the change of the structure and the performance of a welding opening, uneven contraction and expansion of materials can be caused, so that internal stress and deformation of a conducting bar and an end ring can be caused, and small cracks can appear at the welding opening in serious conditions, so that hidden troubles are buried for the breakage of the conducting bar.
4) Stress is concentrated at the end of the conducting bar. Generally, in order to place the conducting bar into the end ring groove, the end part of the conducting bar needs to be machined to a certain size, the section shape of the conducting bar is often suddenly changed at the machined part, stress concentration can be caused by the machining sharp angle at the end part of the conducting bar and the edge angle of the conducting bar after the angle is machined, and when a motor runs, the conducting bar is directly broken at the stress concentration part due to the comprehensive effect of the three reasons.
Therefore, the stress concentration at the end part of the conducting bar is avoided or improved, the fatigue strength of the end part of the rotor can be effectively improved, and the probability of the rotor copper bar breakage is reduced and eliminated. At present, the methods for improving stress concentration mainly include: the surface processing quality of the copper bar and the end ring is improved; the alternating force is eliminated by adopting additional components such as a retaining ring and the like; the end of the conducting bar is processed by methods such as large arc transition and the like. Although the stress concentration of the bar is improved to some extent, abrupt changes in the sectional shape are formed at the end portion of the bar. How to realize the gentle transition of the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area by optimizing the shape of the stress concentration part at the end part of the conducting bar so as to improve the problem of stress concentration at the end part of the conducting bar and further avoid the phenomenon of breakage of the end part of the rotor of the cage-type motor, which are technical problems to be solved by the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at how to realize the gentle transition of the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area by optimizing the shape of the stress concentration part at the end part of the conducting bar, so as to improve the stress concentration at the end part of the conducting bar and further avoid the problem of the end part fracture of the cage type motor rotor, the invention provides the high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part in order to solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cage motor rotor end comprising: the sectional type iron core comprises an end section 1, an end ring 3 and a conducting bar end part 2 with the characteristic of reducing stress concentration, wherein the upper plane of the conducting bar end part 2 with the characteristic of reducing stress concentration adopts a four-step structure connected by an arc surface, the conducting bar in the end section 1 of the sectional type iron core is of a first step structure of the arc surface, the conducting bar welded in the end ring 3 is of a fourth step structure of the arc surface, the conducting bar extending out of the welding surface of the iron core from the end surface to the end ring 3 is of a second step structure of the arc surface and a third step structure of the arc surface in sequence, and the lower plane of the conducting bar end part 2 with the characteristic of reducing stress concentration adopts a concave.
On the basis of the scheme, the starting point of the cambered surface first step structure is located at 1/2-3/4 extending into the end section 1 of the sectional type iron core, and the terminal point of the cambered surface first step structure is located at 3-5 mm extending out of the end section 1 of the sectional type iron core.
On the basis of the scheme, the lengths of the horizontal planes of the cambered surface second step structure and the cambered surface third step structure are equal, the starting point of the cambered surface second step structure is the end point of the cambered surface first step structure, the end point of the cambered surface second step structure is the starting point of the cambered surface third step structure, and the end point of the cambered surface third step structure is located at the position 3-5 mm away from the 3 welding surfaces of the end rings.
On the basis of the scheme, the starting point of the cambered surface fourth stepped structure is the end point of the cambered surface third stepped structure, and the end point of the cambered surface fourth stepped structure is the end point of the guide strip.
On the basis of the scheme, the four-step structure that the upper plane of the conducting bar end part 2 with the stress concentration relieving characteristic is connected by adopting an arc surface is determined by the following formula: the starting point of the first step structure of the cambered surface is taken as the original point, the horizontal line of the conducting bar is taken as the x axis, the vertical line is taken as the y axis,
wherein, when x takes the value of [0, d1) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface first step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1,d1+d0) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface first step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0,d1+d0+d2) When the curved surface part of the cambered surface second step structure is in a curved surface shape, y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface second step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2,d1+d0+d2+d3) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface second step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface third step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface third step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface fourth step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6+d7]When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface fourth step structure; the height of the first step structure of the cambered surface is h1,h1The value is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d1The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d0(ii) a The height of the cambered surface second step structure is h2,h2The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d2The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d3(ii) a The height of the cambered surface third step structure is h3,h3The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d4The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d5(ii) a The height of the cambered surface fourth step structure is h4,h4The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d6The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d7。
On the basis of the scheme, the starting point of the concave surface is located at 1/2-3/4 extending into the end section 1 of the sectional type iron core, and the terminal point of the concave surface is located at 3-5 mm extending out of the end section 1 of the sectional type iron core.
On the basis of the scheme, the shape of the concave surface is determined by the following formula: the starting point of the concave surface is taken as the origin, the horizontal line of the conducting bar is taken as the x axis, the vertical line is taken as the y axis,
wherein, when x takes the value of [0, d8) When y represents the curve part at one end of the concave surface, when x takes the value [ d ]8,d8+d9) When y represents the horizontal surface portion of the concave surface, when x takes the value [ d ]8+d9,2×d8+d9) When y denotes the curved portion of the other end of the concave surface, d8The horizontal length of the cambered surfaces at the two ends of the concave surface is corresponding to the horizontal length of the cambered surfaces at the two ends of the concave surface; d9The length of the horizontal plane of the concave surface; h is5The depth of the concave surface is 0.5-1.5 mm.
On the basis of the scheme, a ventilation slot hole 4 is arranged between each section of iron core.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) by adopting the end part of the high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor, a gap of 1-3 mm is reserved between the iron core slot at the end part of the iron core and the upper part and the lower part of the conducting bar, the length of the conducting bar extending out of the iron core is increased in a phase change manner, the stress borne by welding between the conducting bar and the end ring is reduced, and a stress concentration point of the conducting bar connected with the end surface of the iron core is eliminated.
(2) By adopting the high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part provided by the invention, the section of the conducting bar end part is gradually changed, and the radian curved surface greatly disperses stress concentration, so that the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area is smoothly transited, and the rotor end part fracture caused by uneven stress caused by the rapid change of the section of the conducting bar arranged in the end ring groove and the section of the conducting bar arranged in the iron core is avoided.
(3) The high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part provided by the invention has the advantages of simple operation and low cost by only adopting a mode of changing the shape of the end part of the conducting bar without changing a stator and a rotor iron core of a motor and changing parts such as a rotor end ring protective ring and the like.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of an end of a rotor proposed in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detail view of the rotor end concave and cambered surface steps.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an end portion of a conventional conducting bar.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the stress distribution on the bottom surfaces of conventional conductors and conductors of the present invention during load operation.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the stress distribution on the top surfaces of conventional conductors and conductors of the present invention during load operation.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1-end section of segmented core; 2-conducting bar end with stress concentration relieving property; 3-an end ring; 4-ventilating slot holes; 5-conventional conducting bar ends.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-5.
The invention provides a high-voltage high-power cage type motor rotor end part, wherein a gap of 1-3 mm is reserved between an iron core slot at the end part of an iron core and the upper part and the lower part of a conducting bar, the length of the conducting bar extending out of the iron core is increased in a phase change manner, the stress borne by welding between the conducting bar and an end ring is reduced, and a stress concentration point connected with the end surface of the iron core is eliminated; the section of the end part of the conducting bar changes gradually, and the radian curved surface greatly disperses stress concentration, so that the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area is smoothly transited, and the breakage of the end part of the rotor caused by the uneven stress caused by the abrupt change of the section of the conducting bar arranged in the end ring groove and the section of the conducting bar arranged in the iron core is avoided.
Example (b):
taking a 1600kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor as an example, the specific dimensions of the bar ends 2 with reduced stress concentration characteristics according to the rotor end of the machine provided by the invention are as follows: d0=39mm;d1=2mm;d2=3mm;d3=12mm;d4=3mm;d5=12mm;d6=3mm;d7=15mm;d8=2mm;d9=39mm;h1=0.7mm;h2=2mm;h3=2mm;h4=1.5mm;h5The meaning that the concrete size of the end of the conducting bar indicates is 0.7mm, the total length of the conducting bar is 700mm, the length of the conducting bar extending out of the iron core is 60mm, and the length of the conducting bar inserted into the welding groove of the end ring 3 is 6mm, which is shown in the attached drawing 2.
Fig. 3 shows a structure of a 1600kW squirrel-cage asynchronous motor using a conventional bar end 5, and it can be seen from a comparison between fig. 1 and fig. 3 that the sectional area of the bar end 2 with the characteristic of reducing stress concentration proposed by the present invention is gently changed, and the phase change increases the length of the bar extended core, and these structures can improve the stress concentration of the bar end.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the distribution of the stress on the bottom surfaces of the conventional conducting bar and the conducting bar of the present invention during load operation, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the stress at the joint of the bottom of the conducting bar and the end surface of the rotor core is relatively large and the maximum stress is about 160MPa during load operation of the motor adopting the end structure of the conventional conducting bar. When the motor adopting the guide bar for preventing the end part of the rotor from being broken operates under load, the upper surface and the lower surface of the guide bar are in clearance with the iron core, so that the guide bar is not in contact with the end surface of the iron core, and the stress borne by the guide bar is greatly reduced.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a comparison of stress distribution on the top surfaces of a conventional conducting bar and the conducting bar of the present invention during load operation, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that when a motor with a conventional conducting bar end structure is in load operation, in order to enable the conducting bar to be inserted into an end ring groove conveniently, the upper surface of the conducting bar is processed in a beveling manner, so that the section of the conducting bar is suddenly changed, stress is concentrated at this position, and the maximum stress at this position reaches 136 MPa; due to the abrupt change of the section of the conducting bar, the stress concentration at the welding position of the conducting bar and the end ring is maximum, the maximum stress value reaches nearly 170MPa, and the end part of the conducting bar is broken at the position generally. When the motor adopting the guide bar for preventing the end part of the rotor from being broken is in load operation, the section of the end part of the guide bar is gradually changed, and the radian curved surface greatly disperses stress concentration, so that the stress between a low stress area and a high stress area is smoothly transited, and the stress unevenness caused by the rapid change of the section of the guide bar arranged in an end ring groove and the section of the guide bar arranged in a core is greatly avoided, and the maximum value of the stress at the welding part of the guide bar and an end ring of the guide bar for preventing the end part of the rotor from being broken, which is provided by the invention, is 136MPa, so that the stress concentration problem is greatly relieved, as shown in figure 5.
In summary, the high-voltage high-power cage-type motor rotor end provided by the invention can effectively improve the stress concentration condition of the conventional conducting bar end 5, realize the smooth transition of the stress between the low stress area and the high stress area, eliminate the stress inequality caused by the rapid change of the cross section of the conducting bar arranged in the end ring groove and the cross section of the conducting bar arranged in the iron core, further reduce the stress at the welding position of the conducting bar and the end ring due to the adoption of the structure of the lengthened conducting bar cantilever beam, and avoid the occurrence of the breakage of the rotor end through the limitation of the technical characteristics.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (8)
1. A cage motor rotor end comprising: the sectional type is unshakable in one's determination's end section (1), end ring (3) and have conducting bar tip (2) that slow down stress concentration characteristic, the last plane of conducting bar tip (2) that has the characteristic of slowing down stress concentration adopts the four-step structure of cambered surface connection, and the conducting bar that is in sectional type unshakable in one's determination's end section (1) is the first step structure of cambered surface, and the conducting bar of welding in end ring (3) is cambered surface fourth step structure, and the conducting bar that stretches out iron core terminal surface to end ring (3) face of weld department is cambered surface second step structure and cambered surface third step structure in proper order, the lower plane of conducting bar tip (2) that has the characteristic of slowing down stress concentration adopts the concave surface design.
2. The end of a cage motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the start of the cambered first step structure is located at 1/2-3/4 extending into the end section (1) of the sectional core and the end is located at 3-5 mm extending out of the end section (1) of the sectional core.
3. The end of a rotor of a cage motor according to claim 2, wherein the cambered second step structure and the cambered third step structure have the same horizontal plane length, the start point of the cambered second step structure is the end point of the cambered first step structure, the end point of the cambered second step structure is the start point of the cambered third step structure, and the end point of the cambered third step structure is located at a distance of 3mm to 5mm from the welding surface of the end ring (3).
4. The end of a rotor for a cage motor as set forth in claim 3 wherein the start of the cambered fourth step structure is the end of the cambered third step structure and the end of the cambered fourth step structure is the end of the conducting bar.
5. The rotor end of a cage motor according to claim 4, characterized in that the upper plane of the bar end (2) with reduced stress concentration is given by the following formula: the starting point of the first step structure of the cambered surface is taken as the original point, the horizontal line of the conducting bar is taken as the x axis, the vertical line is taken as the y axis,
wherein, when x takes the value of [0, d1) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface first step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1,d1+d0) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface first step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0,d1+d0+d2) When the curved surface part of the cambered surface second step structure is in a curved surface shape, y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface second step structure;when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2,d1+d0+d2+d3) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface second step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface third step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5) When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface third step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6) When y represents the curved surface part of the cambered surface fourth step structure; when x takes on the value [ d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6,d1+d0+d2+d3+d4+d5+d6+d7]When y represents the horizontal plane part of the cambered surface fourth step structure; the height of the first step structure of the cambered surface is h1,h1The value is 0.5-1.5 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d1The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d0(ii) a The height of the cambered surface second step structure is h2,h2The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d2The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d3(ii) a The height of the cambered surface third step structure is h3,h3The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d4The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d5(ii) a The height of the cambered surface fourth step structure is h4,h4The value is 1-2 mm, and the length of the cambered surface is d6The length of the horizontal plane of the tread is d7。
6. The end of a cage motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the start of the concavity is located 1/2-3/4 of the end segment (1) that protrudes into the segmented core and the end of the concavity is located 3-5 mm of the end segment (1) that protrudes out of the segmented core.
7. The cage motor rotor end of claim 6 wherein the shape of said concave surface is determined by the formula: the starting point of the concave surface is taken as the origin, the horizontal line of the conducting bar is taken as the x axis, the vertical line is taken as the y axis,
wherein, when x takes the value of [0, d8) When y represents the curve part at one end of the concave surface, when x takes the value [ d ]8,d8+d9) When y represents the horizontal surface portion of the concave surface, when x takes the value [ d ]8+d9,2×d8+d9) When y denotes the curved portion of the other end of the concave surface, d8The horizontal length of the cambered surfaces at the two ends of the concave surface is corresponding to the horizontal length of the cambered surfaces at the two ends of the concave surface; d9The length of the horizontal plane of the concave surface; h is5The depth of the concave surface is 0.5-1.5 mm.
8. Cage motor rotor end according to claim 1, characterized in that between each section of core there are ventilation slots (4).
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CN201911263757.9A CN110994926B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | A method for avoiding the breakage of the rotor end of a high-voltage and high-power squirrel motor |
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CN201911263757.9A CN110994926B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | A method for avoiding the breakage of the rotor end of a high-voltage and high-power squirrel motor |
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CN111525719A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Motor rotor |
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