CN110981626A - Straw compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Straw compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981626A CN110981626A CN201911241710.2A CN201911241710A CN110981626A CN 110981626 A CN110981626 A CN 110981626A CN 201911241710 A CN201911241710 A CN 201911241710A CN 110981626 A CN110981626 A CN 110981626A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a straw compound fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of crop straw, 20-40 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 10-20 parts of peat soil, 3-8 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 1-2 parts of amino acid; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the compound, which comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws, and performing microwave radiation treatment; (2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues and the composite microbial inoculum with water, filling the mixture into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the biodegradable plastic bag to obtain a compost bag, and standing for 15-25 days to complete composting; (3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer. The straw compound fertilizer has rich organic matter content and high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content, and has the effects of improving soil, delaying nutrient release, improving nutrient utilization rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and relates to a straw compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing year by year of food yield in China, the yield of crop straws is also increased year by year, the annual yield of the crop straws in China exceeds 10 hundred million tons, and the crop straws become one of the most abundant substances in the world, the comprehensive utilization rate of the straws in China is about 80 percent, and the crop straws are mainly applied to straw returning, livestock and poultry feeds, biomass energy, light industrial raw materials and the like, but part of the straws are directly burnt or discarded. A great deal of dense smoke is generated, and the living environment and the transportation of people are seriously influenced. Incineration poses a serious environmental problem, and governments have mandated prohibition on incineration of straw. The direct returning of the straws to the field can cause the adverse phenomena of increase of soil germs, aggravation of crop diseases, seedling shortage and the like, and is not beneficial to the growth of crops in the next season.
In order to improve the utilization rate of the straws, the method for producing the organic fertilizer by composting and fermenting the plant straws by using the plant fermentation principle is a good choice. The compost can change the straws into valuable things, and is increasingly applied to the field by people. However, the traditional composting method adopts open-air composting, and has the defects that the occupied area of the composting is large, the compost pile needs to be turned in the composting process, time and labor are wasted, the compost pile is difficult to move, the odor generated by the composting affects the environment and the like. In the straw composting process, although the straws are rich in organic matters and some nutrients, because the available nutrients are insufficient and the C/N ratio is too high, compost microorganisms are difficult to obtain the nutrients suitable for the growth of the straws in a short time, so that the compost microorganisms quickly decompose the straws.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a straw compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which integrate the advantages of organic fertilizers and quick-acting fertilizers, have rich organic matter content and high content of main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, are complete, balanced and comprehensive in other nutrients, and are added with diatomite powder to improve soil and adsorb nutrients, so that the straw compound fertilizer can comprehensively supply crop nutrients, can be used for base fertilizers, additional fertilizers and the like, and also has the effects of improving soil, delaying release of nutrients, improving nutrient utilization rate and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of crop straw, 20-40 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 10-20 parts of peat soil, 3-8 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 1-2 parts of amino acid.
Preferably, the straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straw, 30 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of peat soil, 6 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 2 parts of amino acid.
Preferably, the crop straws comprise one or more of corn straws, rice straws, rape straws, sorghum straws, cotton straws and wheat straws.
Preferably, the content ratio of N, P, K in the inorganic compound fertilizer is 20:10: 5.
Preferably, the acidic carbon powder is obtained by fully soaking carbon powder in bamboo vinegar and filtering.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the straw compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 0.1-3 mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the moisture content of the materials to be 45-55%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and placing the compost bag for 15-25 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the straw compound fertilizer, crop straws, wormcast and edible fungus residues are all agricultural waste materials, but the straw compound fertilizer contains rich organic matters, and the organic matter content of the soil can be improved by applying the straw compound fertilizer to the soil; the addition of the acid carbon powder provides good living space for microorganisms beneficial to plants and increases soil CO2The content of the lead-free rare earth element is high, harmful metals in soil are adsorbed, the accumulation of lead and rare earth elements can be relieved, and the activity of soil microorganisms is improved.
(2) The straw compound fertilizer disclosed by the invention integrates the advantages of organic fertilizers and quick-acting fertilizers, the content of organic matters is rich, the contents of main nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are high, other nutrients are complete, balanced and comprehensive, and the diatomite powder is added to improve the soil and adsorb the nutrients, so that the straw compound fertilizer not only can comprehensively supply the nutrients for crops, but also can be used for base fertilizers, additional fertilizers and the like, and also has the effects of improving the soil, delaying the release of the nutrients, improving the utilization rate of the nutrients and the like.
(3) The preparation method of the straw compound fertilizer adopts the fully degradable plastic bags as the compost bags, can lock moisture, has small occupied area, does not need to turn the compost heap, can lock odor generated by composting, and does not pollute the environment; after the composting is finished, the biodegradable plastic bag can be decomposed into a part of the fertilizer by microorganisms, so that the fertilizer efficiency can be increased.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
A straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 10 parts of peat soil, 3 parts of edible fungus residues, 3 parts of acidic carbon powder, 3 parts of humic acid, 1 part of compound microbial inoculum and 1 part of amino acid.
A preparation method of a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 0.1mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the water content of the materials to 45%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and placing the compost bag for 15 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
Example 2
A straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of rice straw, 30 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of peat soil, 6 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 2 parts of amino acid.
A preparation method of a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 1mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the water content of the materials to be 50%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and standing the compost bag for 20 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
Example 3
A straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of rape straw, 40 parts of wormcast, 30 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 20 parts of peat soil, 8 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 5 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 2 parts of amino acid.
A preparation method of a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 2mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the moisture content of the materials to 55%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and standing the compost bag for 25 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
Example 4
A straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of sorghum straw, 50 parts of wheat straw, 30 parts of wormcast, 30 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 20 parts of peat soil, 8 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 3 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 1 part of amino acid.
A preparation method of a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 3mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the moisture content of the materials to 55%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and standing the compost bag for 25 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
Example 5
A straw compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of corn straw, 30 parts of rape straw, 30 parts of cotton straw, 30 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 20 parts of peat soil, 6 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 5 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 2 parts of amino acid.
A preparation method of a straw compound fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 2mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the water content of the materials to be 50%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and standing the compost bag for 20 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention, but is made merely for the purpose of providing an understanding of the principles of the embodiments; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the present embodiment, there may be a change in the specific implementation and application scope, and in summary, the present disclosure should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A straw compound fertilizer is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of crop straw, 20-40 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of inorganic compound fertilizer, 10-20 parts of peat soil, 3-8 parts of edible fungus residues, 3-5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 1-3 parts of compound microbial inoculum and 1-2 parts of amino acid.
2. The straw compound fertilizer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of crop straw, 30 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of peat soil, 6 parts of edible fungus residues, 5 parts of acidic carbon powder, 4 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 2 parts of amino acid.
3. The straw compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the crop straws comprise one or more of corn straws, rice straws, rape straws, sorghum straws, cotton straws and wheat straws.
4. The straw compound fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the content ratio of N, P, K in the inorganic compound fertilizer is 20:10: 5.
5. The straw compound fertilizer as defined in claim 1, wherein: the acidic carbon powder is prepared by placing carbon powder in bamboo wood vinegar liquid for fully soaking and filtering.
6. A method for preparing straw compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and airing crop straws, shearing and grinding the crop straws to obtain straw particles with the particle size of 0.1-3 mm, and then carrying out microwave radiation treatment;
(2) mixing the straw particles, the wormcast, the edible fungus residues treated in the step (1) and the composite microbial inoculum with water, adjusting the moisture content of the materials to be 45-55%, uniformly stirring, filling the materials into a biodegradable plastic bag, sealing the opening of the bag to obtain a compost bag, and placing the compost bag for 15-25 days to complete composting;
(3) and (3) uniformly stirring and mixing the compost obtained in the step (2) with an inorganic compound fertilizer, peat soil, acidic carbon powder, humic acid and amino acid to obtain the straw compound fertilizer.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112997842A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 刘克锋 | General seedling substrate based on straw and wormcast fermentation product and preparation method |
CN113412771A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-21 | 刘克锋 | Method for producing general horticultural crop culture substrate based on straw and wormcast fermentation |
CN113748814A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-07 | 山东省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving annual yield of wheat and corn |
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CN104844318A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽绿园肥业有限公司 | Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
CN106316486A (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2017-01-11 | 安徽雪郎生物基产业技术有限公司 | Plant straw composting method |
CN107337478A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-11-10 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of method that rice light soil-less seedling raising ground substance is prepared using microwave modification rice straw |
CN107827673A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 四川省眉山益稷农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Tea planting special-purpose soil modifying agent |
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2019
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Patent Citations (7)
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WO2001019940A1 (en) * | 1999-09-16 | 2001-03-22 | Dirk Van Barneveld | Soil improver composition and plant growth enhancer |
US20020121116A1 (en) * | 2001-01-02 | 2002-09-05 | Alok Kalra | Efficient method for the faster multiplication of earthworms and production of superior quality vermicompost from the distillation waste of industrial aromatic crops |
CN103664381A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2014-03-26 | 济南凯因生物科技有限公司 | Compound fertilizer |
CN104844318A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-19 | 安徽绿园肥业有限公司 | Modified stalk water-retaining fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
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CN107337478A (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-11-10 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of method that rice light soil-less seedling raising ground substance is prepared using microwave modification rice straw |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112997842A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 刘克锋 | General seedling substrate based on straw and wormcast fermentation product and preparation method |
CN113412771A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-09-21 | 刘克锋 | Method for producing general horticultural crop culture substrate based on straw and wormcast fermentation |
CN113412771B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-07-01 | 刘克锋 | Method for producing general horticultural crop culture medium based on fermentation of straw and wormcast |
CN113748814A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-07 | 山东省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving annual yield of wheat and corn |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |