CN110905441A - Well cementation method of low-pressure easy-to-leak well and casing string - Google Patents
Well cementation method of low-pressure easy-to-leak well and casing string Download PDFInfo
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- CN110905441A CN110905441A CN201811079110.6A CN201811079110A CN110905441A CN 110905441 A CN110905441 A CN 110905441A CN 201811079110 A CN201811079110 A CN 201811079110A CN 110905441 A CN110905441 A CN 110905441A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003211 malignant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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Abstract
The invention provides a low-pressure easy-to-leak well cementing method and a casing string, belonging to the field of petroleum exploration. According to the method, a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer are added into a well completion pipe string, a leakage stratum is isolated through primary cement injection, and well cementation is completed through secondary cement injection. The invention has wide application range, can effectively reduce the construction cost and time of well cementation, reduce the cost of pressure bearing and leaking stoppage, can effectively improve the well cementation quality of the easy-to-leak well, and can provide effective guidance for the well cementation construction of the easy-to-leak well.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum exploration, and particularly relates to a low-pressure easy-to-leak well cementing method and a casing string, which are particularly suitable for a well cementing process design method without slurry return or leakage after casing running in a drilling process.
Background
Because the stratum bearing capacity is low, leakage is easy to occur in the drilling process, and in order to meet the requirements of well cementation construction, a plugging process is usually adopted to improve the stratum bearing capacity, so that the drilling engineering cost is increased; meanwhile, due to the low stratum bearing capacity, the leakage in the well cementation construction process causes that the cement slurry returns high and cannot meet the design requirement, the well cementation quality is influenced, the packing of a cement ring on an oil layer, a gas layer and a water layer is further seriously influenced, the exploitation effect is influenced, and the production life of an oil-gas well is shortened.
Aiming at the low-pressure easy-to-leak well cementing technology, low-density cement slurry is generally adopted to reduce the pressure of an annular static fluid column at present, so that the purpose of preventing the leakage in the well cementing construction process is achieved; in the well cementation process, the normal injection and reverse extrusion process is usually adopted for wells with serious leakage phenomena, so that the annular space is sealed.
Chinese patent publication CN102392634A discloses a well cementation cement slurry leakage prevention lightening material and a preparation method thereof, which realize leakage prevention by reducing the pressure of an annular hydrostatic column. The Chinese literature, low-pressure easy-leaking well cementation technology (broken block oil and gas field, 2013), basically forms a set of leakage-proof and leakage-stopping well cementation technology suitable for injection and production wells of temple gas storage houses in China by developing stratum bearing tests, drilling fluid performance adjustment technology, preposed low-density pilot slurry well cementation technology, research on forward injection reverse cementing process and optimization of a cement slurry system with leakage-proof and leakage-stopping effects. Chinese literature "research and application of low-pressure easy-to-leak and easy-to-escape well cementing technology" (academic newspaper of southwest Petroleum university, 2003): the method for preventing the low-density cement from channeling by combining expansion and thixotropy is provided, and the method increases the pore pressure of the cement paste by adding the channeling-preventing agent, endows the cement paste with good thixotropy and can ensure that the cement paste has stronger channeling-preventing capability. In Chinese literature, namely 'technology for prolonging low-pressure and easily-leaked stratum well cementation in western regions of oil fields' (oil drilling technology, 2017), composite fly ash low-density cement slurry, a formula of plugging pad fluid and a type of casing centralizer are preferably selected, the placement position of the casing centralizer is optimized, technical measures for improving the displacement efficiency are made, and the technology for prolonging the low-pressure and easily-leaked stratum well cementation in the western regions of the oil fields is formed.
However, the above conventional methods have the following disadvantages: (1) the technical difficulty of improving the pressure bearing capacity of the shaft is high, uncertain factors are many, and simultaneously, the investment of expenditure is high, so that the drilling period is influenced; (2) the low-density cement slurry is adopted, so that the cost is high, the density range of the cement slurry is reduced to be limited, and the well cementation requirement of a leakage well after casing running cannot be met; (3) the forward injection and backward extrusion process is adopted, the cost is low, but the construction period is long, secondary backward extrusion is usually needed, the well cementation quality is difficult to guarantee, and cement slurry for two times of well cementation construction is difficult to butt joint. Therefore, the current well cementation process and method are difficult to effectively solve the technical problem of well cementation and leakage prevention of low-pressure easy-to-leak wells.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a low-pressure easy-to-leak well cementing method and a casing string, which can effectively control the cement slurry height return, prevent gas channeling, improve the one-time upward return success rate of easy-to-leak well cementing, improve the well cementing quality and reduce the operation cost and the operation time.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a low-pressure easy-to-leak well cementing method is characterized in that a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer are added into a well completion pipe string, a leakage stratum is isolated through primary cementing, and well cementing is completed through secondary cementing.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the well depth, the leakage speed and the pressure bearing capacity of the leakage stratum;
(2) the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are sequentially connected in the well completion pipe string and are arranged above the leakage stratum;
(3) primary cementing to isolate the lost stratum;
(4) and (5) cementing for the second time to finish well cementation.
The operation of the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(11) determining the well depth and the leakage rate of the leakage stratum by adopting a leakage detector or leakage parameters while drilling;
(12) and determining the pressure bearing capacity of the leakage stratum by adopting a static pressure bearing mode or a dynamic pressure bearing mode.
The operation of the step (2) comprises the following steps:
and sequentially connecting a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer in the completion pipe string, arranging the hydraulic grading hoop at a position which is 100-200m away from the top of the hydraulic open hole packer, and arranging the hydraulic open hole packer at a position which is 10-22m away from the top of the leakage stratum.
The opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 10-15MPa greater than the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer;
the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer is 15-20 MPa;
the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 25-35 MPa.
The operation of the step (3) comprises:
injecting cement slurry by adopting a balanced leaking layer pressure cement injection method, and finishing the first cement injection construction when the cement slurry returns to a position 50-100m above the top of the hydraulic grading hoop;
firstly, keeping pressure at 15-20MPa, and setting a hydraulic open hole packer;
then, the pressure is held to 25-35MPa, and the hydraulic grading hoop is opened;
and after the hydraulic grading hoop is opened, circulating the drilling fluid for one week, and returning the cement slurry above the hydraulic grading hoop to the ground.
The operation of circulating the drilling fluid for one week comprises the following steps:
calculating the internal volume of the casing and the volumes of the casing and the annulus between the inlet of the casing at the node and the return outlet of the wellhead by taking the position of the hydraulic grading hoop as the node, and adding the internal volume of the casing, the volumes of the casing and the annulus to obtain the total volume;
and injecting the drilling fluid at the wellhead, and regarding the drilling fluid to circulate for one week when the amount of the injected drilling fluid is equal to the total volume.
The operation of the step (4) comprises the following steps:
injecting cement paste by adopting a conventional cement injection method;
after the cement slurry injection is finished, a hole closing rubber plug is put in, and the slurry replacing operation is started;
in the slurry replacing operation process, liquid pumps the hole closing rubber plug to the hydraulic grading hoop, and when the slurry replacing operation is finished, the hole closing rubber plug reaches the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic grading hoop is closed;
and after the cement slurry is solidified into cement stones, drilling and removing the hole-closing rubber plug to finish well cementation.
A casing string comprises a conventional completion string, a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer, wherein the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are connected below the conventional completion string through casings;
the hydraulic grading hoop is located at a position 100-200m away from the top of the hydraulic open hole packer.
The opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 10-15MPa greater than the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer;
the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer is 15-20MPa, and the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 25-35 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has wide application range, can effectively reduce the construction cost and time of well cementation, reduce the cost of pressure bearing and leaking stoppage, can effectively improve the well cementation quality of the easy-to-leak well, and can provide effective guidance for the well cementation construction of the easy-to-leak well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a well cementing casing string of the easy-to-leak well of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the steps of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the method is mainly used for cementing low-pressure easy-to-leak wells and malignant lost wells, is particularly suitable for easy-to-leak and easy-to-flee wells, can effectively control the height of cement slurry to be high, prevents gas fleeing, simultaneously effectively improves the cementing quality, and reduces the operation cost and the operation time.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the well cementation method of the low-pressure easy-to-leak well comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the well depth, the leakage rate and the pressure bearing capacity of the lost formation, including:
(1) determining the well depth and the leakage speed of the leakage stratum 2 by adopting a leakage detector or leakage parameters while drilling;
(2) determining the pressure bearing capacity of the leakage stratum 2 by adopting a static pressure bearing mode or a dynamic pressure bearing mode; the bearing capacity of the leakage stratum of the low-pressure easy-to-leak well cannot reach the dynamic pressure in the well cementation construction process, so that a hydraulic open hole packer needs to be put in.
S2, designing a well completion pipe string structure, and adding a hydraulic open hole packer 1 and a hydraulic grading hoop 3 in a normally designed well completion pipe string as shown in figure 1; the conventional well completion pipe string is generally a well cementation float shoe, a floating hoop and a sleeve, a hydraulic grading hoop 3 and a hydraulic open hole packer 1 are directly connected in the conventional well completion pipe string, the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are standard mouth shapes, the upper part and the lower part of the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are connected with the sleeve, and the positions of the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are set according to the depth of a leakage stratum. The hydraulic open hole packer 1 is placed at a position 10-22m away from the top of a leakage stratum, and the hydraulic grading hoop 3 is placed at a position 100-200m away from the top of the hydraulic open hole packer; the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is designed to be 10-15MPa greater than the setting pressure of the hydraulic packer, wherein the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer 1 is 15-20MPa, and the opening pressure of the grading hoop is 25-35 MPa.
S3, cementing for the first time, and isolating the lost stratum;
and S4, performing secondary cementing to finish well cementation.
The invention adopts a twice cementing technology, and the steps S3 and S4 are as follows:
when cement is injected for the first time, cement is injected by adopting a balanced leakage layer pressure cement injection method (a method which is universal in the field), when cement slurry returns to a position 50-100m above the top of the hydraulic grading hoop 3, the first cement injection construction is finished, then the pressure is suppressed to 15-20MPa, the hydraulic open hole packer 1 is sealed, then the pressure is suppressed to 25-35MPa, and the hydraulic grading hoop 3 is opened; after the hydraulic staged collar 3 is opened, the drilling fluid is circulated for one circle (with the position of the hydraulic staged collar 3 as a node, the volume of the casing inside from the casing inlet at the node to the return outlet of the wellhead and the volume of the casing and the annulus are calculated and added to form the total volume, and the drilling fluid with the total volume is injected into the wellhead and regarded as circulating for one circle), and the cement slurry above the hydraulic staged collar 3 is returned to the ground.
And during secondary cementing, the conventional cementing method is adopted for carrying out, and because the lost stratum is isolated by primary cementing operation, special cementing operation is not needed any more, and the method can be carried out according to the most conventional cementing operation. After the secondary cementing operation is finished, a hole closing rubber plug is put in, the slurry replacing operation is started, the hole closing rubber plug is pumped to the hydraulic classification hoop by liquid while the slurry replacing operation is carried out, when the slurry replacing operation is finished, the hole closing rubber plug reaches the hydraulic classification hoop, and the classification hoop 3 is closed; the hole closing rubber plug and the hydraulic grading hoop 3 are matched components. The hydraulic grading hoop 3 is provided with 4 holes which are closed at the beginning, after the first cement injection is finished, each hole of the hydraulic grading hoop 3 is opened, a new circulation channel is established, after the second cement injection is finished and the replacement is finished, the hole closing rubber plug pushes the sliding sleeve in the hydraulic grading hoop to move downwards under the action of pump pressure, and the closing of the circulation hole in the hydraulic grading hoop 3 is realized.
And after the cement slurry is solidified into cement stones, drilling out the hole-closing cement plug by adopting a drilling-out tool, and then measuring the well cementation quality.
The invention is applied to the field of petroleum engineering, and is particularly suitable for low-pressure easy-to-leak wells, and complex well conditions which can not meet the technical requirements of well cementation can still be met through long-term pressure-bearing leak stoppage operation. By applying the technology, the pressure-bearing leakage-stopping operation time and the operation cost can be obviously reduced, and the technology has wide application prospect.
The above-described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application and principle of the present invention disclosed in the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-described embodiment is only preferred, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. A well cementation method of a low-pressure easy-to-leak well is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the method, a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer are added into a well completion pipe string, a leakage stratum is isolated through primary cement injection, and well cementation is completed through secondary cement injection.
2. The method of cementing a low-pressure, easy-to-leak well according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the well depth, the leakage speed and the pressure bearing capacity of the leakage stratum;
(2) the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic open hole packer are sequentially connected in the well completion pipe string and are arranged above the leakage stratum;
(3) primary cementing to isolate the lost stratum;
(4) and (5) cementing for the second time to finish well cementation.
3. The method of cementing a low-pressure, easy-to-leak well according to claim 2, wherein: the operation of the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(11) determining the well depth and the leakage rate of the leakage stratum by adopting a leakage detector or leakage parameters while drilling;
(12) and determining the pressure bearing capacity of the leakage stratum by adopting a static pressure bearing mode or a dynamic pressure bearing mode.
4. The method of cementing a low-pressure, easy-to-leak well according to claim 2, wherein: the operation of the step (2) comprises the following steps:
and sequentially connecting a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer in the completion pipe string, arranging the hydraulic grading hoop at a position which is 100-200m away from the top of the hydraulic open hole packer, and arranging the hydraulic open hole packer at a position which is 10-22m away from the top of the leakage stratum.
5. The method for cementing a low-pressure easy-to-leak well according to claim 4, wherein: the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 10-15MPa greater than the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer;
the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer is 15-20 MPa;
the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 25-35 MPa.
6. The method of cementing a low-pressure, easy-to-leak well according to claim 2, wherein: the operation of the step (3) comprises:
injecting cement slurry by adopting a balanced leaking layer pressure cement injection method, and finishing the first cement injection construction when the cement slurry returns to a position 50-100m above the top of the hydraulic grading hoop;
firstly, keeping pressure at 15-20MPa, and setting a hydraulic open hole packer;
then, the pressure is held to 25-35MPa, and the hydraulic grading hoop is opened;
and after the hydraulic grading hoop is opened, circulating the drilling fluid for one week, and returning the cement slurry above the hydraulic grading hoop to the ground.
7. The method for cementing a low-pressure easy-to-leak well according to claim 6, wherein: the operation of circulating the drilling fluid for one week comprises the following steps:
calculating the internal volume of the casing and the volumes of the casing and the annulus between the inlet of the casing at the node and the return outlet of the wellhead by taking the position of the hydraulic grading hoop as the node, and adding the internal volume of the casing, the volumes of the casing and the annulus to obtain the total volume;
and injecting the drilling fluid at the wellhead, and regarding the drilling fluid to circulate for one week when the amount of the injected drilling fluid is equal to the total volume.
8. The method of cementing a low-pressure, easy-to-leak well according to claim 2, wherein: the operation of the step (4) comprises the following steps:
injecting cement paste by adopting a conventional cement injection method;
after the cement slurry injection is finished, a hole closing rubber plug is put in, and the slurry replacing operation is started;
in the slurry replacing operation process, liquid pumps the hole closing rubber plug to the hydraulic grading hoop, and when the slurry replacing operation is finished, the hole closing rubber plug reaches the hydraulic grading hoop and the hydraulic grading hoop is closed;
and after the cement slurry is solidified into cement stones, drilling and removing the hole-closing rubber plug to finish well cementation.
9. A casing string for implementing the method of cementing a low pressure, easy-to-leak well according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the casing string includes: the system comprises a conventional well completion pipe string, a hydraulic grading hoop and a hydraulic open hole packer, wherein the hydraulic grading hoop is connected below the conventional well completion pipe string through a casing;
the hydraulic grading hoop is located at a position 100-200m away from the top of the hydraulic open hole packer.
10. The casing string of claim 9, wherein: the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 10-15MPa greater than the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer;
the setting pressure of the hydraulic open hole packer is 15-20MPa, and the opening pressure of the hydraulic grading hoop is 25-35 MPa.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111535747A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-14 | 四川维泰科创石油设备制造有限公司 | Method for preventing leakage of casing under drilling narrow window |
| CN114086916A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-02-25 | 河北省地矿局第三水文工程地质大队 | Upper part leaking stoppage method for simultaneous upper and lower leakage accidents of geothermal drilling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111535747A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-14 | 四川维泰科创石油设备制造有限公司 | Method for preventing leakage of casing under drilling narrow window |
| CN111535747B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-01-11 | 四川维泰科创石油设备制造有限公司 | Method for preventing leakage of casing under drilling narrow window |
| CN114086916A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-02-25 | 河北省地矿局第三水文工程地质大队 | Upper part leaking stoppage method for simultaneous upper and lower leakage accidents of geothermal drilling |
| CN114086916B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-06-16 | 河北省地矿局第三水文工程地质大队 | Upper part plugging method for simultaneous upper and lower leakage accidents of geothermal drilling |
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Application publication date: 20200324 |