CN110868440A - Block chain male chain - Google Patents
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Abstract
A blockchain public chain comprising rightful owner nodes having valid addresses and a non-zero number of assertions; further comprising: selecting a public chain maintainer node from the nodes of the public chain by the rights and interests owner node at preset time intervals; and the public chain maintainer node is used for maintaining the transaction of the public chain and the public chain transaction related to the intelligent contract. In the present application, a public link maintainer node is selected by a rights-holder node to maintain a public link. As the rights and interests owner node periodically selects the public link maintainer node according to the preset time interval, the node serving as the maintainer is in dynamic change and no longer serves as the public link maintainer node by the fixed node, the possibility of breaking the public link is reduced, and the safety of the public link can be improved; moreover, the public link maintainer nodes are partial nodes in the public link, so that the whole network operation of public link maintenance is avoided, the public link operation efficiency can be improved, and the public link efficiency and the public link safety are considered.
Description
The present application claims priority of chinese patent application entitled "blockchain standard application model and method for applying same" filed by chinese patent office on 28/8/2018 with application number 201810986825.3, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Technical Field
The present application relates to a block chain technology, and more particularly, to a block chain public chain.
Background
The blockchain provides a systematic idea of decentralization, and the most fundamental principle of the idea is to create a relatively objective anti-repudiation digital environment by means of public consensus. A blockchain public chain refers to a physical chain consisting of a plurality of nodes providing a common service. As shown in fig. 1, a public link 101 includes a plurality of nodes that together form a point-to-point network. The blockchain is essentially a distributed public ledger, and is a data chain formed by a plurality of data blocks, and is maintained by nodes in the public chain.
In the existing blockchain technology, there are mainly two types of male chains. A public chain represented by an EtherFang is characterized in that each node in the public chain participates in the maintenance of the public chain in a completely decentralized mode, so that when too many nodes exist in the public chain or an access chain such as an industry chain, a alliance chain and other public chains is accessed to the public chain to cause cross-chain operation, the efficiency of the operation of the public chain is low. As shown in fig. 1, all nodes in the public chain 101 participate in the maintenance of the public chain. The other is a public link represented by a commercial distributed application block chain operating System (EOS), and 21 fixed nodes in the public link are used as maintenance nodes to maintain the public link. The maintenance mode only uses part of nodes to maintain the public link, and can improve the efficiency. However, maintaining the public link with a fixed, limited number of nodes may result in an increased likelihood of the maintained nodes being breached, thereby reducing the security of the public link.
In the prior art, both public chains represented by Ether Fair and public chains represented by EOS cannot take both the efficiency and the safety into consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a block chain is public, can be used to solve in prior art no matter be with the public chain that ether mill represented, still use EOS as the public chain of representative, can't compromise the problem in two aspects of self efficiency and security.
In one aspect, the present application provides a blockchain public chain including a rights-holder node having an effective address and a non-zero number of granted, the public chain further including: a public chain maintainer node selected by the rights-holder node from the nodes of the public chain at preset time intervals;
and the public chain maintainer node is used for maintaining the transaction of the public chain and the public chain affairs related to the intelligent contract.
Optionally, the male chain further comprises: the parallel chain node is a common node of a public chain and an access chain accessed to the public chain; wherein, the parallel chain nodes comprise parallel chain maintainer nodes selected from parallel chain link points by the rights and interests owner node;
the parallel chain maintainer node is used for maintaining related cross-chain transactions between the public chain and the access chain.
Optionally, the male chain further includes: supervisor nodes translated by rights-holder nodes not selected as the corporate link maintainer nodes;
the supervisor node is used for detecting whether a block of the block chain is valid or not when the block chain of the public chain is received, storing the block chain when the block of the block chain is valid, and discarding the block chain when the block of the block chain is invalid.
Optionally, the male chain further includes: and the data storage node is used for receiving a storage request sent by the rights and interests owner node, wherein the storage request comprises data to be stored by the rights and interests owner node, and the data to be stored by the rights and interests owner node is stored in a distributed mode according to the storage request.
Optionally, the male chain further includes: a public link service provider node for providing a public link service to an access link, the public link service comprising: inquiring the transaction and the intelligent contract of the public chain, inquiring the information and the transaction abstract of the access chain, creating the sub-chain, and accessing an application program outside the public chain.
Optionally, the duration of the preset time interval is longer than the duration required for selecting the public link maintainer node and shorter than the duration required for breaking the public link maintainer.
Optionally, the rights and interests owner node is configured to obtain participation information of each candidate node, where the participation information includes a node identifier, participation data, and a mortgage voucher, the node identifier is used to uniquely indicate one candidate node, the mortgage voucher is used to indicate the number of certificates paid by the candidate node, and the participation data is a random number used to improve the randomness of the public link maintainer node in selecting;
and determining the public link maintainer node in the candidate nodes according to the candidate data of the candidate nodes.
The rights-holder node is specifically configured to:
dividing the candidate nodes into k groups of candidate nodes, wherein each group comprises M candidate nodes;
determining the mean deviation of the reference data of each candidate node in a group of candidate nodes corresponding to each candidate node;
according to the magnitude of the deviation average difference, sorting the respective nodes of each group of candidate nodes from large to small;
selecting the first candidate node in each group
And each candidate node is the public link maintainer node, wherein k' is the serial number of a group of candidate nodes in the k groups of candidate nodes.
Optionally, a value range of the number of the public link maintainer nodes
Wherein n represents the number of candidate nodes.
According to the scheme provided by the application, the public link comprises the rights and interests owner node and the public link maintainer node, the rights and interests owner node selects the public link maintainer node, and the selected public link maintainer node maintains the public link. As the public link maintainer nodes are periodically selected according to the preset time interval, the nodes serving as maintainers are in dynamic change, and fixed nodes are not used as public link maintainer nodes any more, so that the possibility of breaking the public link is reduced, and the safety of the public link can be improved; moreover, the public chain maintainer nodes are partial nodes in the public chain, so that the whole network operation of public chain maintenance is avoided, and the public chain operation efficiency can be improved. Because this application has compromise public chain's efficiency and two aspects of security for public chain can handle high concurrent transaction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a public block chain;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a public chain of blockchains in accordance with an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a public chain of blockchains in accordance with another exemplary embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a public block chain according to another exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
In the block chain public chain provided by the application, the nodes in the public chain are divided into roles, and the nodes with different functional roles are jointly responsible for the operation of the public chain. By dividing the function roles of the nodes, the nodes with different functions can participate in the operation of the public link, and all the nodes can obtain benefits in the public link network. The public chain maintenance is realized through the rights owner node and the public chain maintainer node in the public chain, and the efficiency and the safety of the public chain can be well balanced. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of the node roles of a public chain of blockchains is shown.
In the public chain 20, a rights-holder node 201 and a public chain maintainer node 202 are included. The rights-holder node 201 periodically selects the public chain maintainer node 202 from the nodes of the public chain 20. The nodes in the rights-holder node 201 can be transformed into the corporate chain maintainer node 202 by selection. The business of the public chain, intelligent contract related public chain transactions, are maintained by the public chain maintainer node 202. The rights holder node 201 is a node having an effective address and a non-zero number of the held certificates. The valid address is used to ensure that the rights-holder node 201 can communicate with other nodes of the public chain 20, while the witness certificate is a value interaction medium in the blockchain network, and the rights-holder node 201 can participate in the operation of the public chain only if it holds a non-zero number of witness certificates. For example, if one rights-holder node A purchases a service from another rights-holder node B, then the rights-holder node A needs to have a valid address and credential to be able to communicate in order to be able to transact with the rights-holder node B, and the purchasing rights-holder node B provides the service.
In order to periodically select the public link maintainer node 202, the selected node is selected once at a preset time interval, so that the node maintaining the public link 20 is periodically changed, the possibility of breaking the public link 20 is reduced, and the safety of the public link 20 is improved.
The duration of the preset time interval is greater than the duration required to select the corporate chain maintainer node 202 and less than the duration required to break the corporate chain maintainer node 202. The time required for selecting the public link maintainer node 202 is the time required for completing the selection of the public link maintainer node 202 once, for example, the time required for completing the selection of the right-to-interest owner node 201 responsible for the selection is 5 minutes as fast as possible. Then, when the time interval of the selection is less than 5 minutes, the first selection is not completed, and the rights owner node 201 starts the second selection, so that the public link maintainer node 202 cannot be selected successfully. Thus, to ensure that the selection can be completed within a time interval, the duration of the preset time interval needs to be greater than the duration needed to select the public link maintainer node 202.
The time length required for attacking the public link maintainer node 202 can be determined according to brute-force cracking time of an encryption and decryption algorithm used by the public link node, and can also be determined according to a history record of the attack of the public link node. For example, the history shows that the shortest time period for which a common link point is broken is 30 minutes, the longest time period is 40 minutes, and the average time period is 36 minutes. If the duration of the preset time interval is longer than 40 minutes, the public link maintainer node 202 is more likely to be broken when being attacked; if the duration of the predetermined time interval is less than 30 minutes, the probability that the public link maintainer node 202 is broken when being attacked is low. Therefore, in order to avoid the breaking of the public link maintainer node 202 due to too long time interval and too low selection frequency, the duration of the preset time interval needs to be less than the duration of breaking the public link maintainer node 202.
In a possible embodiment, the preset time interval has a duration of 5 to 30 minutes. Wherein the duration of the preset time interval is one hundred accounting periods. The accounting period refers to the time a block is generated. The duration of the billing period is 10 seconds, and the duration of the preset time interval is 1000 seconds.
When the selection is started, the right owner node 201 responsible for the selection triggers the selection of the intelligent contract. Selecting an intelligent contract is an intelligent contract for selecting a public link maintainer node 202. The rights-holder node 201 responsible for the election may also be the public chain maintainer node in the current cycle. Moreover, a plurality of rights-holder nodes 201 can be selected at the same time, and the selection result of the rights-holder node 201 completed first is the final result.
In the selection, the rights-holder node 201 responsible for the selection selects the public link maintainer node according to a predetermined rule. The predetermined rule may be set according to actual experience, may specify conditions to be satisfied by candidate nodes participating in selection, may specify a specific selection manner, and may specify the number of candidate nodes. The content of the predetermined rule is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
First, for nodes participating in the selection. The predetermined rules may include: the public link points are all candidate nodes to participate in selection; or, the nodes meeting the selection condition in the public link 20 participate in the selection for the candidate nodes. In the first case, the public link nodes are all candidate nodes to participate in the selection, which can ensure that all nodes in the public link 20 can participate in the selection of the public link maintainer node 202, so as to obtain the right of maintaining the public link 20, and ensure the fairness of the selection. For example, if the public link 20 has 10 nodes, then 10 nodes may participate in the selection. In the second case, the nodes satisfying the selection condition in the public link 20 participate in the selection for the candidate nodes. Wherein, the reference condition at least comprises the following contents: the data of the nodes is complete, the resources of the nodes are sufficient, and the nodes have more than a preset number of certificates. Wherein, the data integrity of the node means that the node has the full amount of data. Sufficient node resources mean that the computing resources of the node meet the requirement of maintaining a public link, such as the computing frequency, the memory size, the disk storage space and the like of a Central Processing Unit (CPU). And the candidate nodes are limited through the participation condition, so that the nodes without public link maintenance capability are prevented from participating in selection. The participating conditions can also include: the candidate node is a non-public-link maintainer node. Only non-public chain maintainer nodes can become candidate nodes, avoiding the continued functioning of a node as a public chain maintainer node 202, and being able to ensure that other nodes in the public chain 20 also have the opportunity to act as public chain maintainer nodes 202. Illustratively, the public link 20 has 10 nodes, and 2 public link maintainer nodes are selected. At the current moment, the node A and the node B serve as public link maintainer nodes, and the node A and the node B cannot become candidate nodes during selection. And selecting the public link maintainer node from the remaining 8 nodes by the selection node.
Secondly, for the selection mode, the predetermined rule may include: randomly selecting candidate nodes; or, selecting according to the safety performance of the candidate node; or, selecting according to the credit records of the candidate nodes, and the like. The random selection mode in the candidate nodes is to ensure the fairness of selection. For example, a public link maintainer node is randomly selected from 10 candidate nodes, and the probability of each candidate node being selected is the same, so that the fairness of selection can be ensured. According to the mode of selecting the safety performance of the candidate node, the public link maintainer node 202 with high safety performance can be selected, the possibility that the public link maintainer node 202 is broken is reduced, and therefore the safety of the public link is improved. For example, a public chain maintainer node 202 is selected from 3 candidate nodes, and the number of times of breaking the 3 candidate nodes is 0, 1 and 4 according to the history. Then, the candidate node that is broken 0 times has the highest security performance and is selected as the public link maintainer node 202. The selection of credit records for candidate nodes is based on to avoid selecting a public chain maintainer node 202 with bad credit records.
In addition, the preset rules may also include a specification of the number of candidate nodes, a specification of the number of public chain maintainer nodes 202, and the like. The embodiments of the present application are not listed herein,
after selection, the selected corporate chain maintainer node 202 maintains the corporate chain 20 before the next selection. The maintenance of the public chain 20 refers to the maintenance of the blockchain of the public chain 20, including related public chain transactions such as transactions, intelligent contracts, etc. that maintain the public chain 20. For example, the corporate chain maintainer node 202, as a node that maintains the corporate chain 20, needs to log the transactions of the corporate chain 20. The transaction information recorded in each block of the blockchain represents not only the transactions actually performed by each node, such as payment transactions and redemption transactions, but also events occurring in the public chain 20. Events occurring in the blockchain links are also recorded in the blocks in the form of transaction information, such as the selection result of the link maintainer node 202. When the transaction information indicates the selection result of the public link maintainer node 202, after the public link maintainer node 202 is selected, the public link maintainer node at the current moment writes the selection result into the block and synchronizes to all the nodes.
It should be noted that, since the selected public link maintainer node 202 has a valid address and the number of the held certificates is not zero, the public link maintainer node 202 still has the function of benefiting the owner node, for example, the public link maintainer node of the next cycle can be selected. But the public link maintainer node at the current time can not become the public link maintainer node again so as to ensure the fairness of the public link.
The public link provided by the application comprises the rights and interests owner node and the public link maintainer node, wherein the rights and interests owner node selects the public link maintainer node, and the selected public link maintainer node maintains the public link. As the public link maintainer nodes are periodically selected according to the preset time interval, the nodes serving as maintainers are in dynamic change, and fixed nodes are not used as public link maintainer nodes any more, so that the possibility of breaking the public link is reduced, and the safety of the public link can be improved; moreover, the public chain maintainer nodes are partial nodes in the public chain, so that the whole network operation of public chain maintenance is avoided, and the public chain operation efficiency can be improved. Because this application has compromise public chain's efficiency and two aspects of security for public chain can handle high concurrent transaction.
For the predetermined rule for selecting the public link maintainer node 202, the embodiment of the present application only introduces the selection rule for randomly selecting the public link maintainer node 202 from the candidate nodes satisfying the selection condition, but does not limit the specific predetermined rule. The rights-holder node 201 may be selected according to different predetermined rules when selecting, so as to satisfy different requirements of the public link 20. For other predetermined rules, the embodiments of the present application are not listed herein.
In the embodiment of the present application, when a node meeting the participation condition in the public link 20 participates in the selection of the public link maintainer node 202, the self participation information is registered by triggering the selection of the intelligent contract. The rights-holder node 201 obtains the participation information of each candidate node by selecting an intelligent contract. Wherein, the participating conditions comprise: the data of the nodes is complete, the resources of the nodes are sufficient, and the nodes have more than a preset number of certificates. The participation information comprises node identification, participation data and a mortgage voucher. The node identification is used to uniquely indicate a candidate node, such as a hashed (Hash) address of the node. The mortgage voucher is used for indicating the number of vouchers paid by the candidate node. The reference data is a random number for randomly selecting the public link maintainer node 202, so as to improve the randomness of the selection of the public link maintainer node 202.
Secondly, the rights and interests owner node 201 randomly selects the public link maintainer node 202 from the candidate nodes according to the candidate node selection data. The candidate nodes are nodes that meet the above-mentioned participation condition, and therefore, each of the candidate nodes satisfies the requirement of serving as the public chain maintainer node 202. Since the candidate data of each candidate node is a random number, the public link maintainer node 202 can be randomly selected according to the candidate node, thereby achieving the purpose of random selection.
In selection, the equity owner node 201 divides the candidate nodes into k sets of candidate nodes, each set including M candidate nodes. After grouping, the nodes calculate the mean deviation of the candidate data of each candidate node in a group of nodes corresponding to each candidate node according to the following relational expression:
wherein, DeltaR is the mean deviation difference of the candidate node in a corresponding group of nodes, R represents the candidate node reference data,
an average of the candidate data representing the set of candidate nodes. And then, sorting the respective nodes of each group of candidate nodes from large to small according to the average deviation. After sorting, the first candidate node in each group is selected
The candidate nodes are the corporate chain maintainer nodes 202, resulting in k corporate chain maintainer nodes 202. Wherein k' is the serial number of a group of candidate nodes in the k groups of candidate nodes.
In another embodiment, when there is a current time of the public chain maintainer node 202 among the candidate nodes, the current time of the public chain maintainer node 202 is classified as the (k + 1) th group of candidate nodes. For a set of candidate nodes, when
When the number of the candidate nodes is larger than M, the number of the candidate nodes in the (k + 1) th group is selected
One candidate node is a public link maintainer node 202.
Illustratively, there are 15 candidate nodes in a pick, and the public link maintainer node 202 at the current time is not included in the candidate nodes. The 15 candidate nodes are divided into 5 groups, each group including 3 candidate nodes. And calculating the mean deviation of the candidate data of each candidate node in a group of nodes corresponding to each candidate node, and sequencing each group of candidate nodes from large to small according to the mean deviation. In the first set of candidate nodes, the three candidate nodes are: node a, node B and node C, the candidate data of which are 30, 50 and 52 respectively, the average value of the candidate node candidate data in the group is 44, and the average deviation of the three candidate nodes is 14, 6 and 8. The results of sorting the three nodes according to the mean deviation from large to small are as follows: node A, node C, node B. The set of candidate nodes is the first set of candidate nodes, and thus the sequence number of the set of candidate nodes is 1. Dividing the serial number 1 of the group by the number of nodes in the group, and rounding up to obtain an integer 1. Thus, for the first set of candidate nodes, the first node after sorting is finally selected as the public link maintainer node 202, i.e., the node a is selected as the public link maintainer node 202. Correspondingly, the second and third sets of candidate nodes also select the first node after ranking as the public link maintainer node 202, and the fourth and fifth sets of candidate nodes select the second node after ranking as the public link maintainer node 202.
k has a value of
Where n represents the number of candidate nodes. Illustratively, 1000 nodes participate in the selection of the public chain maintainer node 202, and finally 10 candidate nodes are selected as the public chain maintainer node 202.
After the selection is completed, the public link maintainer node at the current moment records the node identifier and the mortgage certificate of the selected public link maintainer node 202, writes the node identifier and the mortgage certificate into the block, and synchronizes to all the nodes.
In the selection scheme provided by the application, when the public link maintainer node is selected, the right owner node randomly selects the candidate node by using the random number of the reference data. Because the public link maintainer nodes are randomly selected, the fairness of the public link maintainer nodes is ensured, the possibility that the nodes are broken is further reduced, and the safety of the public link can be improved.
In a blockchain system, it is an essential function to support cross-chains between different chains. For example, inter-links between a public link and a private link, inter-links between different public links, inter-links between a public link and a federated link, and so on. For other chains accessing the public chain of block chains, this application refers collectively to as access chains. The block chain public chain provided by the embodiment of the application supports a mode that an access chain is accessed to the public chain through a parallel chain. Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of the node roles of a public chain of blockchains is shown.
The public link 20 includes a rights owner 201, a public link maintainer node 202 and a parallel link node 203. The parallel link node 203 includes a parallel link maintainer node 2031. The parallel link node 203 is a common node of the public link 20 and the access link 21 accessing the public link 20. The public link 20 and the access link 21 are implemented as a cross-link by a common parallel link node 203. Since the parallel link node 203 is a common node, the parallel link node 203 can access the network of the public link 20 to communicate with other nodes of the public link 20, and can also access the network of the link 21 to communicate with other nodes of the link 21, thereby completing the cross-link operation.
When the access link 21 accesses the public link 20, the node in the public link 20 may be converted into the parallel link node 203, and the node in the access link 21 may also be converted into the parallel link node 203. After the access link 21 accesses the public link 20, the rights-holder node 201 selects the parallel link maintainer node 2031 from the parallel link nodes 203. The rights-holder node 201 may select the parallel chain maintainer node 2031 in the same manner as the public chain maintainer node 202, or may select the parallel chain maintainer node 2031 according to the requirement of the access link 21. The parallel chain maintainer node 2031 may be all nodes in the parallel chain node 203, or may be a part of nodes in the parallel chain node 203.
After the parallel chain maintainer node 2031 is selected, the parallel chain maintainer node 2031 maintains the relevant cross-chain transaction between the public chain 20 and the access chain 21, and maintains the parallel chain. The related cross-chain transactions include blockchains of the public chain 20 acquiring the access chain 21, cross-chain transactions between the public chain 20 and the access chain 21, cross-chain transactions between the access chain 21 and other access chains accessing the public chain 20, and the like related to cross-chain transactions. The public link 20 acquires the block chain of the access link 21 means that the public link 20 acquires the information recorded by the blocks of the block chain of the access link 21 through the parallel link node 203. The inter-link transaction between the public link 20 and the access link 21 means that the public link 20 and the access link 21 perform a transaction as both parties of the transaction. In a cross-link transaction between the access link 21 and the access links of other access links 20, the link 20 is used as an intermediate link of the transaction and does not participate in the actual transaction, but instead provides support for the cross-link transaction through the parallel link nodes 203, for example, different certificates between different access links, the link 20 provides certificate exchange, and for example, provides information of other access links to the access link 21 so that the access link 21 and other access links implement the cross-link transaction.
In one possible implementation, the parallel link node 203 and the public link maintainer node 202 are the same node. The node simultaneously maintains the transactions of the public link, the public link transactions related to the intelligent contracts, and the related cross-link transactions between the public link and the access link.
In the public chain provided by the embodiment of fig. 3, the cross-chain between the public chain and the access chain is realized through parallel chain link points, and then the related cross-chain transaction between the public chain and the access chain is maintained through a parallel chain maintainer node. When the rights and interests owner node and the public chain maintainer node maintain the public chain, the chain crossing operation between the public chain and the access chain is realized, and the adverse effect of the chain crossing operation on the efficiency and the safety of the public chain is avoided.
In the block chain public chain provided by the implementation of the application, besides the rights and interests owner node, the public chain maintainer node and the parallel chain node, the block chain public chain also comprises a supervisor node, a data storer node and a public chain service provider node. In particular, please refer to fig. 4, which shows a schematic diagram of a node role of a public chain of a blockchain.
The male chain 20 includes: rights owner 201, public link maintainer node 202, parallel link node 203, supervisor node 204, data store node 205, and public link service provider node 206. The parallel link node 203 includes a parallel link maintainer node 2031.
The supervisor node 204 is translated from the rights-holder node 201 that is not selected as the public chain maintainer node 202. In the operation of the public link, the supervisor node 204 is responsible for supervising the public link maintainer node 202 and indirectly participates in the maintenance of the public link. The supervisor node 204 may supervise the public chain maintainer node 202 in different ways.
First, when the public link maintainer node 202 generates a new chunk, the chunk chain including the new chunk needs to be synchronized in the public link 20. During synchronization, the supervisor node 204 supervises the public chain maintainer node 202 by detecting whether the blockchain's chunks are valid. When a block of the blockchain is valid, the supervisor node 204 stores the blockchain, and when a block of the blockchain is invalid, the supervisor node 204 discards the blockchain. The block availability of the blockchain requires that the number of blockchains of the blockchain is greater than the number of blockchains locally stored by the supervisor node 204, and the transactions included in the blockchain blocks are all available transactions.
Second, the supervisor node 204 detects whether there is an illegal operation by the public chain maintainer node 202. When detecting that the public link maintainer node 202 has illegal operation, broadcasting report information in the public link, wherein the report information is used for indicating that the public link maintainer node 202 has illegal operation. Accordingly, the reported public chain maintainer node 202 temporarily stops maintaining the public chain. When other nodes in the public link determine that the reporting information is accurate, the supervisor node 204 can obtain the reward certificate; also, the reported public chain maintainer node 202 is removed. Wherein the illegal operation comprises: packing illegal transactions, performing double-flower operation, generating illegal blocks, generating illegal transactions, tampering transaction state trees, tampering receipt state trees, tampering storage state trees, tampering contract calculation results and the like. For example, the public link maintainer node a performs transaction-related operations against the transaction rules of the public link, and the supervisor node C detects the illegal operation of the public link maintainer node a and broadcasts related reporting information in the public link. And when other nodes in the public link determine that the reporting information is accurate, the supervisor node C acquires the reward certificate. The reward certificate can be deducted from the certificate paid when the public chain maintainer node A participates in the selection.
Since the supervisor node 204 is transformed from the equity owner node 201, the supervisor node 204 can participate in the selection of the corporate chain maintainer node 202 to transform into the corporate chain maintainer node 202. When the supervisor node 204 becomes the parallel link node 203, it may also participate in the selection of the parallel link maintainer node 2031 and convert it into the parallel link maintainer node 2031. In addition, the supervisor node 204 supervises the parallel chain maintainer node 2031.
Through the supervisor node 204, other nodes except the public chain maintainer node 201 can indirectly participate in the maintenance of the public chain, and the efficiency of the public chain operation is further improved. And due to the supervision of the supervisor node 204, illegal operation of the public link maintainer node 201 is avoided, and the safety of the public link is improved.
The data depositor node 205 is a node with distributed data storage capabilities. The data depositor node 205 distributively stores data in nodes of a public chain while being able to quickly query and synchronize the stored data through the summary index. Therefore, the storage space of the data depositor node 205 needs to be larger than the preset storage space size. For example, the preset storage size is 20gb (gigabyte). When information is stored, the data storage node 205 receives a storage request sent by the rights and interests owner node 201, where the storage request includes data to be stored by the rights and interests owner node 201, and then, according to the size of the data in the storage request, the data to be stored is stored in each data storage node 205 in a distributed manner.
Illustratively, the rights-holder node D, when running a public-link based application, produces 100GB of data that needs to be stored. However, the rights-holder node D itself has only 5GB of storage space, and cannot store 100GB of data. At this point, the rights-holder node D sends a storage request to the data-holder node E. Each data depositor node has at least 20GB of storage space. At this time, the data depositor node E distributively stores 100GB of data into 5 data depositor nodes, each of which stores 20GB of data.
The data depositor node 205 provides the distributed storage capability in the public link 20, and the storage space of each node in the public link 20 is fully utilized, so that the operation efficiency of the public link is improved.
A public link service provider node 206 for providing public link services to the access link. The public link service includes: querying the public chain for transactions and intelligent contracts, querying the access chain for information and transaction summaries, creating sub-chains, and accessing application program chains outside the public chain 20.
Applications outside the public link 20 are provided access to the public link 20. When the application program wants to access the public link 20, the development and deployment of the related program can be performed through the intelligent contract provided by the public link service provider node 206, so that the application development period is greatly shortened, the deployment difficulty is reduced, and the error probability is reduced. Meanwhile, the public link server node 206 integrates the interfaces of the blockchain system accordingly. The integrated interface comprises an intelligent contract interface, an application programmable interface, a network interface, a data interface and the like. Applications outside the public link 20 can access the network of the public link based on these interfaces.
It should be noted that, in the foregoing embodiment, the role division performed on the nodes in the public link is based on functions of the nodes, and different functions correspond to different roles. When one node in the public chain has multiple functions, the node can play multiple roles. For example, the public link maintainer node has the function of the right-to-interest owner node at the same time, and the public link maintainer node of the next period can be selected; the supervisor node has a storage space larger than a preset size and can be used as a data storage node to provide data storage service; the parallel chain maintainer node is selected as a public chain maintainer node, and the public chain and the parallel chain are maintained at the same time.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A blockchain public chain including a rights-holder node having an effective address and a non-zero number of assertions, the public chain further comprising: a public chain maintainer node selected by the rights-holder node from the nodes of the public chain at preset time intervals;
and the public chain maintainer node is used for maintaining the transaction of the public chain and the public chain affairs related to the intelligent contract.
2. The male chain according to claim 1, further comprising: the parallel chain node is a common node of a public chain and an access chain accessed to the public chain; wherein, the parallel chain nodes comprise parallel chain maintainer nodes selected from parallel chain link points by the rights and interests owner node;
the parallel chain maintainer node is used for maintaining related cross-chain transactions between the public chain and the access chain.
3. The male link according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: supervisor nodes translated by rights-holder nodes not selected as the corporate link maintainer nodes;
the supervisor node is used for detecting whether a block of the block chain is valid or not when the block chain of the public chain is received, storing the block chain when the block of the block chain is valid, and discarding the block chain when the block of the block chain is invalid.
4. The male chain according to claim 3, further comprising:
and the data storage node is used for receiving a storage request sent by the rights and interests owner node, wherein the storage request comprises data to be stored by the rights and interests owner node, and the data to be stored by the rights and interests owner node is stored in a distributed mode according to the storage request.
5. The male chain according to claim 4, further comprising:
a public link service provider node for providing a public link service to an access link, the public link service comprising: inquiring the transaction and the intelligent contract of the public chain, inquiring the information and the transaction abstract of the access chain, creating the sub-chain, and accessing an application program outside the public chain.
6. The male chain of claim 5, wherein the duration of the predetermined time interval is greater than a duration required to select the male chain maintainer node and less than a duration required to breach the male chain maintainer.
7. The male chain according to claim 6, wherein:
the rights and interests owner node is used for acquiring participation information of each candidate node, the participation information comprises a node identifier, participation data and a mortgage voucher, the node identifier is used for uniquely indicating one candidate node, the mortgage voucher is used for representing the number of certificates paid by the candidate node, and the participation data is a random number used for improving the randomness of the public link maintainer node in selection;
and determining the public link maintainer node in the candidate nodes according to the candidate data of the candidate nodes.
8. The communal chain of claim 7, wherein the equity owner node is specifically configured to:
dividing the candidate nodes into k groups of candidate nodes, wherein each group comprises M candidate nodes;
determining the mean deviation of the reference data of each candidate node in a group of candidate nodes corresponding to each candidate node;
according to the magnitude of the deviation average difference, sorting the respective nodes of each group of candidate nodes from large to small;
selecting the first candidate node in each group
And each candidate node is the public link maintainer node, wherein k' is the serial number of a group of candidate nodes in the k groups of candidate nodes.
9. The male link in accordance with claim 8, wherein the number of male link maintainer nodes ranges in value
Wherein n represents the number of candidate nodes.
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| CN110868439B (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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| CN110868308B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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| CN110866826B (en) | 2022-10-11 |
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| FI129087B (en) | 2021-06-30 |
| CN110866750A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
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| CN110868441B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN110868308A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110866824B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN110866751A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110868438A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110868441A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110868440B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
| CN110866823A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
| CN110866825A (en) | 2020-03-06 |
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