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CN110822413A - Low NO of tower boiler under low loadXModerate temperature flue gas recirculation system and method - Google Patents

Low NO of tower boiler under low loadXModerate temperature flue gas recirculation system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110822413A
CN110822413A CN201911094332.XA CN201911094332A CN110822413A CN 110822413 A CN110822413 A CN 110822413A CN 201911094332 A CN201911094332 A CN 201911094332A CN 110822413 A CN110822413 A CN 110822413A
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China
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medium
flue gas
temperature
primary air
hot
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CN201911094332.XA
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Inventor
王建江
魏博
刘坤朋
吴文亚
排日代·赛米
李纪虎
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Xinjiang University
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Xinjiang University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23BMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B80/00Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel
    • F23B80/02Combustion apparatus characterised by means creating a distinct flow path for flue gases or for non-combusted gases given off by the fuel by means for returning flue gases to the combustion chamber or to the combustion zone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23NREGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/06Regulating air supply or draught by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

The medium temperature flue gas recirculation method for low NOx of the tower boiler under low load is characterized in that a part of flue gas of a medium temperature recirculation fan on a water cooling wall at the inlet of an economizer is extracted to be used as medium temperature recirculation flue gas to be mixed with cold air and hot air in a cold primary air pipe and a hot primary air pipe, then mixed gas is introduced into a coal mill and carries pulverized coal to enter a combustor, and the volume ratio of each component in the mixed gas is adjusted through a cold primary air valve, a hot primary air valve and a medium temperature flue gas valve. The method comprises the following steps: the system comprises a primary fan, a medium-temperature recycling fan, a coal dropping hopper, a coal mill, a burner, a hearth, an over-fire air nozzle, a superheater, a reheater, an economizer, an SCR catalyst layer, an air preheater, a temperature sensor, a gas mixing chamber, an oxygen meter, a primary hot air pipe, a primary cold air pipe, a medium-temperature recycling flue gas pipe, a medium-temperature flue gas valve, a primary cold air valve and a primary hot air valve.

Description

Low NO of tower boiler under low loadXModerate temperature flue gas recirculation system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reducing NOx of tower coal-fired boilers, in particular to a low-NOx medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system and method for tower boilers under low load.
Background
With the increase of the installed capacity of renewable energy generating sets in China, the generated energy of the coal-fired generating sets is greatly compressed, so that the load of the coal-fired boiler is lower and lower, particularly the total installed capacity of the Xinjiang coal-fired generating sets is large, the capacity of the renewable energy generating sets is rich, and the coal-fired boiler is required to improve the peak regulation capacity. Pulverized coal used for boiler combustion is blown into a hearth after flowing through a coal mill by primary air flow, but when the boiler operates under a low-load condition, in order to keep the powder carrying capacity, the primary air quantity cannot be reduced in an equal proportion with the coal supply quantity, so that the air-coal ratio of a primary air nozzle is improved, namely the oxygen-coal ratio of a partial combustion area is improved, the combustion temperature of the area is further improved, the generation quantity of thermal NOx is increased, and the concentration of NOx at the outlet of the hearth is larger than 500mg/Nm3
At present, the national emission index of NOx is lower than 50mg/Nm3. Most coal-fired power generating units adopt a flue gas denitration system to remove NOx in flue gas generated during boiler combustion, however, the denitration efficiency of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is about 80-90%, so that the concentration of NOx at the inlet of the SCR is required to be not more than 500mg/Nm3
In order to make the NOx emission concentration at the outlet of a hearth lower than 500mg/Nm3The low-nitrogen combustion mode adopted at present mainly adopts air classification and fuel classification technologies, namely, the primary air rate is reduced, the oxygen content in a combustion area is reduced, and then the combustion temperature is reduced to realize low-nitrogen combustion. However, the restriction of primary air powder carrying capacity under low load condition of the boiler results in the increase of oxygen-coal ratio and the increase of NOx generation amount. How to decouple the oxygen content and the flow of the primary air, so that the primary air volume and the oxygen content are respectively controlled, and the purposes of reducing the oxygen content and reducing the generation of NOx while realizing higher primary air volume under the condition of low load of the boiler are achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects that the primary air powder carrying capacity of the existing coal-fired boiler is limited in the low-load operation process, the oxygen-coal ratio is improved, and the NOx generation amount is increased, the invention aims to provide the low-NOx intermediate-temperature flue gas recirculation system and the low-NOx intermediate-temperature flue gas recirculation method for the tower boiler under the low load.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a medium temperature flue gas recirculation system with low NOx in tower boiler under low load, comprising: the system comprises a primary fan 1, a medium-temperature recycling fan 2, a coal hopper 3, a coal mill 4, a combustor 5, a hearth 6, an over-fire air nozzle 7, a superheater 8, a reheater 9, an economizer 10, an SCR catalyst layer 11, an air preheater 12, a temperature sensor 13, an oxygen meter 14, a cold primary air pipe 15, a cold primary air valve 16, a medium-temperature recycling flue gas pipe 17, a medium-temperature flue gas valve 18, a hot primary air pipe 19, a hot primary air valve 20 and a gas mixing chamber 21.
The over-fire air nozzles 7 are located on the upper portion of the combustor 5, the combustor 5 and the over-fire air nozzles 7 are symmetrically distributed on four corners of the hearth 6, the coal hopper 3 is arranged above the coal pulverizer 4 and connected through a pipeline, the coal pulverizer 4 is connected with the combustor 5 through a pulverized coal pipe, and the temperature sensor 13 is located on an inlet hot air pipe of the coal pulverizer 4.
The superheater 8, the reheater 9 and the economizer 10 are sequentially and horizontally arranged in a vertical flue at the upper part of the over-fire air nozzle 7, and the SCR catalyst layer 11 and the air preheater 12 are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the vertical flue behind a flue gas outlet of the economizer 10.
The gas mixing chamber 21 is respectively connected with a cold primary air pipe 15, a medium temperature recycling flue gas pipe 17, a coal mill 4 and a hot primary air pipe 19, and the oxygen meter 14 is positioned on an inlet hot air pipe of the coal mill 4; the medium-temperature recirculation fan 2 extracts medium-temperature recirculation flue gas through a pipeline, the inlet of the pipeline is connected to the water-cooled wall at the inlet of the economizer 10, and a connecting port and the lower part of the economizer 10 are at the same horizontal height.
The invention also provides a medium-temperature flue gas recirculation method with low NOx in tower boilers under low load, which is characterized in that a part of flue gas is extracted on a water-cooled wall at the inlet of a boiler economizer 10 through a medium-temperature recirculation fan 2 to be used as medium-temperature recirculation flue gas to be mixed with cold air and hot air in a cold primary air pipe 15 and a hot primary air pipe 19, and then mixed gas is introduced into a coal mill 4 and carries coal dust to enter a combustor 5; the cold primary air quantity is adjusted through the cold primary air valve 16, the hot primary air quantity is adjusted through the hot primary air valve 20, the medium temperature flue gas quantity is adjusted through the medium temperature flue gas valve 18, and the temperature and the oxygen quantity of mixed gas at the inlet of the combustor 5 can be adjusted through the cold primary air valve, the hot primary air valve and the medium temperature flue gas valve.
Further, under the standard condition, when the load of the boiler is 30%, the volume of the mixture of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of that of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -5% of the cold primary air and 75% -85% of that of the hot primary air; when the load of the boiler is 40%, the mixed volume of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of that of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -10% of the cold primary air and 70% -80% of that of the hot primary air.
Further, the medium temperature flue gas which is not extracted by the medium temperature recirculation fan 2 is discharged through the boiler flue.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the medium-temperature recycled flue gas is used as primary air to be mixed with cold and hot primary air in the air mixing chamber 21 and then enters the hearth 6 through the coal mill 4 to the combustor 5 for combustion supporting, the low oxygen content of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas reduces the oxygen concentration in the hearth 6, the generation of thermal NOx is reduced, the high heat content of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas can improve the outlet coal powder temperature of the coal mill 4, the stable combustion of coal powder in the hearth 6 is ensured, the heat loss of a boiler can be reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved; medium temperature recycling of CO in flue gas2Concentration is higher than that of the gas phase, CO2The tri-atomic gas is beneficial to increasing the radiation heat transfer in the hearth 6 and is beneficial to stable combustion of the boiler while controlling the content of NOx. In conclusion, the medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system and the method for low NOx of the tower boiler under low load can control the temperature and the oxygen content of the primary air in the coal mill 4 by adjusting the mixing proportion of the cold primary air, the hot primary air and the medium-temperature recirculated flue gas, can effectively solve the contradiction between stable combustion of the boiler and control of the NOx content when the boiler operates under low load, and achieve the purpose of high efficiency and high efficiency of the tower boiler of the power stationAnd the purpose of clean operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-NOx medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system of a tower boiler under low load.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "top", "bottom", "one side", "the other side", "front", "back", "middle part", "inside", "top", "bottom", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system with low NOx in a tower boiler under low load, which comprises: the system comprises a primary fan 1, a medium-temperature recycling fan 2, a coal hopper 3, a coal mill 4, a combustor 5, a hearth 6, an over-fire air nozzle 7, a superheater 8, a reheater 9, an economizer 10, an SCR catalyst layer 11, an air preheater 12, a temperature sensor 13, an oxygen meter 14, a cold primary air pipe 15, a cold primary air valve 16, a medium-temperature recycling flue gas pipe 17, a medium-temperature flue gas valve 18, a hot primary air pipe 19, a hot primary air valve 20 and a gas mixing chamber 21.
The overfire air nozzles 7 are located on the upper portion of the combustor 5, the combustor 5 and the overfire air nozzles 7 are symmetrically distributed on four corners of the hearth 6, the coal dropping hopper 3 is arranged above the coal pulverizer 4 and is connected through a coal dropping pipe, the coal pulverizer 4 is connected with the combustor 5 through a pulverized coal pipe, the temperature sensor 13 is located on an inlet hot air pipe of the coal pulverizer 4, pulverized coal in the coal pulverizer 4 is carried through cold and hot primary air and medium-temperature recycling smoke and enters the combustor 5 through the pulverized coal pipe, the pulverized coal carried by the primary air is combusted in the hearth 6, and the primary air temperature at the inlet of the coal pulverizer 4 is measured through the temperature sensor 13.
The superheater 8, the reheater 9 and the economizer 10 are sequentially and horizontally arranged in a vertical flue at the upper part of the over-fire air nozzle 7, and the SCR catalyst layer 11 and the air preheater 12 are sequentially and horizontally arranged in the vertical flue behind a flue gas outlet of the economizer 10. The superheater 8, the reheater 9, the economizer 10 and the air preheater 12 all play a heat exchange role, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, and the SCR catalyst layer 11 reduces the concentration of NOx contained in the flue gas through the action of the catalyst.
The gas mixing chamber 21 is respectively connected with a cold primary air pipe 15, a medium temperature recycling flue gas pipe 17, a coal mill 4 and a hot primary air pipe 19, and the oxygen meter 14 is positioned on an inlet hot air pipe of the coal mill 4; the medium-temperature recirculation fan 2 extracts medium-temperature recirculation flue gas through a pipeline, the inlet of the pipeline is connected to the water-cooled wall at the inlet of the economizer 10, and a connecting port and the lower part of the economizer 10 are at the same horizontal height.
The cold primary air valve 16 adjusts the cold primary air volume introduced into the coal mill 4, the hot primary air valve 20 adjusts the hot primary air volume introduced into the coal mill 4, the medium temperature recirculation fan 2 and the medium temperature flue gas valve 18 adjust the recirculation flue gas volume introduced into the coal mill 4, and under different boiler loads, the volume proportion of the cold primary air, the hot primary air and the medium temperature recirculation flue gas volume entering the coal mill 4 is adjusted through the cold primary air valve 16, the medium temperature recirculation fan valve 20 and the medium temperature flue gas valve 18, so that the primary air temperature and the oxygen content of the inlet of the combustor 5 are adjusted.
The invention also provides a medium-temperature flue gas recirculation method with low NOx in tower boiler low load, which is characterized in that the extracted part of the flue gas which passes through the medium-temperature recirculation fan 2 and the water-cooled wall at the inlet of the boiler economizer 10 is taken as the medium-temperature recirculation flue gas to be mixed with the cold air and the hot air in the cold primary air pipe 15 and the hot primary air pipe 19, and then the mixed gas is introduced into the coal mill 4 and carries the pulverized coal to enter the combustor 5; the cold primary air quantity is adjusted through the cold primary air valve 16, the hot primary air quantity is adjusted through the hot primary air valve 20, the medium temperature flue gas quantity is adjusted through the medium temperature flue gas valve 18, and the temperature and the oxygen quantity of mixed gas at the inlet of the combustor 5 can be adjusted through the cold primary air valve, the hot primary air valve and the medium temperature flue gas valve.
Further, under the standard condition, when the load of the boiler is 30%, the volume of the mixture of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of that of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -5% of the cold primary air and 75% -85% of that of the hot primary air; when the load of the boiler is 40%, the mixed volume of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of that of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -10% of the cold primary air and 70% -80% of that of the hot primary air.
Further, the medium temperature flue gas which is not extracted by the medium temperature recirculation fan 2 is discharged through the boiler flue.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. Low NOx's medium temperature flue gas recirculation system under tower boiler low-load includes: the system comprises a primary fan (1), a medium-temperature recycling fan (2), a coal dropping hopper (3), a coal mill (4), a combustor (5), a hearth (6), an over-fire air nozzle (7), a superheater (8), a reheater (9), an economizer (10), an SCR catalyst layer (11), an air preheater (12), temperature sensors (13), an oxygen meter (14), a cold primary air pipe (15), a cold primary air valve (16), a medium-temperature recycling flue gas pipe (17), a medium-temperature flue gas valve (18), a hot primary air pipe (19), a hot primary air valve (20) and a gas mixing chamber (21), wherein the combustors (5) are symmetrically distributed on four corners of the hearth (6), the coal dropping hopper (3) is arranged above the coal mill (4) and connected through a pipeline, the coal mill (4) is connected with the combustor (5) through a coal dust pipe, and the temperature sensors (13) are positioned on an inlet hot air pipe of the coal mill (4), superheater (8), reheater (9), economizer (10) horizontal arrangement in proper order in the vertical flue on after-burning air spout (7) upper portion, SCR catalyst layer (11), air heater (12) horizontal arrangement in proper order in the vertical flue behind economizer (10) exhanst gas outlet, gas mixing chamber (21) link to each other with cold primary air pipe (15), medium temperature recirculated flue gas (17), coal pulverizer (4), hot primary air pipe (19) respectively.
2. The medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system with low NOx content in tower boilers under low load according to claim 1, characterized in that the medium-temperature recirculation fan (2) extracts medium-temperature recirculation flue gas through a medium-temperature recirculation flue gas pipe (17), the inlet of the pipe is connected to the water wall of the inlet of the economizer (10), and the connecting port is at the same level with the lower part of the economizer 10.
3. The medium-temperature flue gas recirculation system with low NOx content in tower boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature sensor (13) is located on an inlet hot blast pipe of the coal mill (4).
4. The medium temperature flue gas recirculation system with low NOx under tower boiler load of claim 1 is characterized in that the oxygen meter (14) is located on an inlet hot blast pipe of the coal mill (4).
5. The medium-temperature flue gas recirculation method with low NOx content under low load of the tower boiler is characterized in that a part of flue gas on a water-cooled wall at the inlet of a boiler economizer (10) through a medium-temperature recirculation fan (2) is extracted to be used as medium-temperature recirculation flue gas to be mixed with cold air and hot air in a cold primary air pipe (15) and a hot primary air pipe (19), and then mixed gas is introduced into a coal mill (4) and carries pulverized coal to enter a combustor (5); the cold primary air quantity is adjusted through the cold primary air valve (16), the hot primary air quantity is adjusted through the hot primary air valve (20), the medium temperature flue gas quantity is adjusted through the medium temperature flue gas valve (18), and the temperature and the oxygen quantity of mixed gas at the inlet of the combustor (5) can be adjusted through the cold primary air valve, the hot primary air valve and the medium temperature flue gas valve.
6. The method for recycling the medium-temperature flue gas with low NOx content in the tower boiler according to claim 5, wherein under a standard condition, when the load of the boiler is 30%, the volume of the mixture of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of the volume of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -5% of the volume of the cold primary air and 75% -85% of the volume of the hot primary air; when the load of the boiler is 40%, the mixed volume of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, the cold primary air and the hot primary air accounts for 10% -20% of that of the medium-temperature recycled flue gas, 0% -10% of the cold primary air and 70% -80% of that of the hot primary air.
7. The medium-temperature flue gas recirculation method with low NOx content in the tower boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that the medium-temperature flue gas which is not extracted by the medium-temperature recirculation fan (2) is discharged through a boiler flue.
CN201911094332.XA 2019-11-11 2019-11-11 Low NO of tower boiler under low loadXModerate temperature flue gas recirculation system and method Pending CN110822413A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023202053A1 (en) * 2022-04-20 2023-10-26 西安热工研究院有限公司 Pulverized coal deep low-oxygen combustion system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101358735A (en) * 2008-09-27 2009-02-04 东北电力科学研究院有限公司 Explosion-proof processing method of medium-storage type bituminous coal boiler and special system thereof
CN206257688U (en) * 2016-08-17 2017-06-16 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 The middle temperature flue gas recirculation device of high temperature corrosion is prevented for tower boiler
CN107855210A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-30 西安热工研究院有限公司 Supercritical unit medium-speed pulverizer outlet temperature optimal control for energy saving system and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101358735A (en) * 2008-09-27 2009-02-04 东北电力科学研究院有限公司 Explosion-proof processing method of medium-storage type bituminous coal boiler and special system thereof
CN206257688U (en) * 2016-08-17 2017-06-16 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 The middle temperature flue gas recirculation device of high temperature corrosion is prevented for tower boiler
CN107855210A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-03-30 西安热工研究院有限公司 Supercritical unit medium-speed pulverizer outlet temperature optimal control for energy saving system and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023202053A1 (en) * 2022-04-20 2023-10-26 西安热工研究院有限公司 Pulverized coal deep low-oxygen combustion system

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