CN110818611B - 一类吲哚酮类化合物、其制备方法、药物组合物和用途 - Google Patents
一类吲哚酮类化合物、其制备方法、药物组合物和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110818611B CN110818611B CN201810917018.6A CN201810917018A CN110818611B CN 110818611 B CN110818611 B CN 110818611B CN 201810917018 A CN201810917018 A CN 201810917018A CN 110818611 B CN110818611 B CN 110818611B
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- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
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Abstract
本发明涉及一类如通式(I)所示的吲哚酮类化合物,其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,其药物组合物和在制备治疗或预防血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症的药物中的应用。所述吲哚酮类化合物具有较好的PAR4受体协同激动效应或拮抗效应,毒性和副作用较低,安全窗口大。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及作为蛋白酶激活受体4(PAR4)的小分子调节剂的吲哚酮类化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、其前体药物、其溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,其药物组合物和药物制剂,其制备方法以及用途。
背景技术
血栓栓塞性疾病是一种常见的疾病,是由于血块异常堆积在血管内无法被正常清除,而造成的一系列病理性疾病(Furie,B.,Furie,B.C.N.Eng.JMed.,359(9):938–949(2008).)。血栓栓塞性疾病包括动脉血栓和静脉血栓以及外周动脉栓塞,血栓的形成可导致心肌梗死、缺血性脑梗塞、脑中风、静脉血栓栓塞、外周血管病等疾病。血栓栓塞性疾病具有很高的发病率和致残率,全球每年静脉血栓疾病的发生率约为1-3例/1000人,以老年人的发病率最高(Heit,J.A.,etal.J.Thromb.Thrombolysis,41(1):3-14(2016).)。目前抗血栓药物可分为抗凝血药物、溶血栓药物和抗血小板聚集类药物。虽然现在有很多的药物如肝素、华法林、阿司匹林、阿昔单抗,但都具有局限性,成功率低,而且可增加出血风险,安全性存在不足。因此,亟待开发新型有效、副作用小的抗血栓药物。
凝血酶可通过蛋白酶激活受体(PAR)来激活血小板,而血小板在凝血中发挥重要功能。作用机制是凝血酶可通过酶切PAR受体的N末端的肽段,使该肽段暴露并作为配体激活PAR受体,引起下游信号,如钙离子信号的变化,进而发挥凝血作用(Chambers,R.C..Eur.Resp.J.,22(44suppl),33s-35s(2003).)。凝血酶主要作用的受体是蛋白酶激活受体1(PAR1)和蛋白酶激活受体4(PAR4)。PAR1受体的抑制剂已有大量研究,且PAR1受体拮抗剂沃拉帕沙(Vorapaxar)已上市用于有心肌梗死和外周动脉疾病史的人,但因为显著增加出血风险,使用有很大的局限(Tricoci,P.etal.N.Eng.JMed.,366(1):20-33(2012).)。由于PAR1受体需要低浓度的凝血酶就可以激活,而PAR4受体需要高浓度的凝血酶才能激活,并且可以和凝血酶长时间的相互作用,这种差异使得PAR4受体被认为是更好的、更安全的抗凝血靶标(Wong,P.C.,etal.Sci.Transl.Med.,9(371):eaaf5294(2017).)。
PAR4受体广泛分布于肺、胰腺、小肠、血小板等部位,除了发挥抗凝血作用外,还参与多种生理功能的调节。小鼠敲除模型等实验已证明PAR4受体的小分子调节剂具有抗血栓、抗炎症、抗感染等作用;PAR4受体在糖尿病中也是关键的调节靶标(French,S.L.,etal.Br.J.Pharmacol,173(20):2952-2965(2016).;Lê,V.B.,etal.Am.J.Respir.Crit.CareMed.,191(7):804-819(2015).;Pavic,G.,etal.Circulation,CIRCULATIONAHA-113(2014).);有文献报道PAR4受体的激动剂还参与多种癌症的治疗,如乳腺癌、肺癌、膀胱癌等(Irby,R.B.,Kline,C.L.,ExpertOpin.Ther.Targets,17(1):77-87(2013).)。
发明内容
本发明通过一系列的分子对接和筛选,发现了一类新的吲哚酮类化合物,并对PAR4受体具有不同的生物效应:协同激动和拮抗,可用于治疗血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症等疾病。
本发明的一个目的在于提供一类吲哚酮类化合物,及其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体。
本发明的另一目的在于提供包含所述吲哚酮化合物的药物组合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述吲哚酮类化合物的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述的吲哚酮类化合物制备调节PAR4活性的药物的用途。
本发明的另一目的在于提供所述的吲哚酮类化合物在制备用于预防或治疗血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症的药物中的用途。
本发明涉及式(Ⅰ)所示的吲哚酮类化合物,其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,
其中,
R1选自:氢、卤素、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基、取代或未取代的C2-6烯基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷氧基、取代或未取代的C6-10芳基、取代或未取代的苄基、氨基、硝基、羟基、巯基、氰基、C1-6烷基磺酰基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基硫基,所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基、苯基和苄基;
R2选自:氢、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基、取代或未取代的C2-6烯基、取代或未取代的C6-10芳基、R4-X-(CH2)m-;其中R4选自:氢、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基;X选自-O-、-NH-、-S-;m选自:0、1、2、3、4、5或6;所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基、苯基和苄基;
R3选自:取代或未取代的C6-10芳基、取代或未取代的5-10元杂芳基;所述取代的取代基选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、卤素、氨基、羟基和甲磺酰基。
在一个实施方式中,R1选自:氢、氯、氟、溴、碘、甲基、甲氧基、氰基、氨基、硝基、羟基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基和甲磺酰基。在另一实施方式中,R1为氢、氯、氟、溴、碘、甲基或甲氧基。
在一个实施方式中,R2选自:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、苄基、苯乙基、乙氧甲基、甲硫乙基、氯代乙基和羟基乙基。在另一实施方式中,R2为氢、甲基、丙基、丁基、异丁基、戊基或甲硫乙基。
R3选自:萘基、喹啉基、苯基、甲基萘基、甲氧基萘基、乙氧基苯基、叔丁基苯基和甲磺酰基苯基;进一步优选地,R3为1-萘基、2-萘基、6-甲氧基萘基、4-叔丁基苯基或3-喹啉基。
在一个实施方式中,所述通式(I)的吲哚酮类化合物优选自下列式(II)所示的吲哚酮类化合物:
其中,R1和R2与上述定义相同;
Z为CR7或N;
R5、R6和R7各自独立地为H、卤素、氨基、羟基、氰基、硝基、巯基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷氧基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基酰基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基磺酰基;所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基、苯基和苄基;
或者R6和R5连同与其相连的碳原子共同构成取代或未取代的苯基或5-6元杂芳基;所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基、苯基和苄基。
在一个实施方式中,R5为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲基磺酰基、甲氧基或乙氧基,优选为H、叔丁基、甲氧基或乙氧基。
在一个实施方式中,R6为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲基磺酰基或甲氧基,优选为H、叔丁基或甲氧基。
在一个实施方式中,R7为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲基磺酰基或甲氧基,优选为H、叔丁基或甲氧基。
在一个实施方式中,R6和R5连同与其相连的碳原子共同构成被卤素、羟基、或C1-6烷基取代或未取代的苯基。
本发明的另一优选实施方式中,所述通式(I)或(II)所示的吲哚酮类化合物优选自下列化合物:
所述的“溶剂化物”在本文中用以描述包含本发明的化合物和化学计量(stoichiometric amount)的一种或多种可药用溶剂分子的分子配合物,所述溶剂有,例如乙醇。当所述溶剂为水时,使用术语“水合物”。
本发明所涉及的化合物的“前体药物”的含义是可在体内通过代谢方式(例如,通过水解、还原或氧化)转化为通式(I)的化合物,例如,羟基取代基的衍生物,所述衍生物在哺乳动物,特别是人体内转变为羟基或其盐或共轭物,如与羧酸化合物成酯等。酯前药的实例参见Leinweber,F.J.,Drug Metab.Res.,1987,18,379文献中记载的种类与方式。如本文使用的,提及通式(I)化合物的含义还包括前药形式。
本发明涉及通式(I)化合物的“氘代物”,本发明化合物的结构也包括不同之处仅在于存在一个或一个以上同位素富集的原子的化合物。举例来说,具有本发明的结构但包括氢经氘或氚置换或碳经富集或的碳置换的化合物在本发明的范围内。此类化合物可用作例如分析工具、生物分析中的探针或本发明的治疗剂。在一些实施例中,通式(I)中的包含一个或一个以上氘原子。
本发明涉及通式(I)化合物的“立体异构体”。本发明化合物含有一个或多个不对称中心,因而可作为外消旋体和外消旋混合物、单一对映异构体、非对映异构体混合物和单一非对映异构体。本发明化合物至少在羟基相连的碳处有不对称中心,这类不对称中心各自会独立的产生两个光学异构体,本发明的范围包括所有可能的光学异构体和非对映异构体混合物和纯的或部分纯的化合物。本发明包括这些化合物的所有立体异构形式。本发明式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐由于存在不对称碳原子,可以以一种旋光异构体形式存在,因此,本发明还包括这些旋光异构体及其混合物。本文描述的结构也拟包括所述结构的所有异构(例如对映异构、非对映异构和几何异构(或构象异构))形式;例如,关于每一不对称中心的R和S构型、Z和E双键异构体以及Z和E构象异构体。因此,本发明化合物的单一立体化学异构体以及对映异构体、非对映异构体和几何异构体(或构象异构体)的混合物都在本发明的范围内。除非另作规定,否则本发明化合物的所有互变异构形式都在本发明的范围内。本发明的通式(I)所示的吲哚酮类化合物有1个或者更多的不对称中心。合成得到的是消旋体,所需要的对映体纯的化合物可以通过手性拆分的方法得到:可以通过具有手性固定相的色谱法(像高效制备液相、超临界流体色谱)。手性填料包括但不限于:ChiralcelOJ-H,Chiralpak AD-H,Chiralpak IA,Chiralpak AS-H。
本发明上述任一化合物药学上可接受的盐是指由药学上可接受的盐,所述的盐为包括(但不限于):(1)与如下无机酸形成的盐:如盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸;(2)与如下有机酸形成的盐,如乙酸、草酸、丁二酸、酒石酸、甲磺酸、马来酸、或精氨酸。其它的盐包括与碱金属或碱土金属(如钠、钾、钙或镁)形成的盐,以酯、氨基甲酸酯,或其它常规的的形式。
可将游离形式的本发明化合物转化成盐形式的相应化合物,反之亦然。可将游离形式或盐形式和/或溶剂化物形式的本发明化合物转化成非溶剂化物形式的游离形式或盐形式的相应化合物;反之亦然。
本发明所述“C1-6烷基”表示直链或支链的含有1-6个(1、2、3、4、5、6个)碳原子的烷基,如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、2-甲基丁基、新戊基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、异己基、3-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、1-甲基戊基、3,3-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基等。在一个实施方式中,所述C1-6烷基优选为C1-4烷基。本发明所述“C1-4烷基”指含有1-4个碳原子上述实例。
本发明所述“C1-6烷氧基”指“C1-6烷基-O-”基团,如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、丁氧基、1-甲基丙氧基、2-甲基丙氧基、1,1-二甲基乙氧基、戊氧基、1-甲基丁氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、3-甲基丁氧基、1,1-二甲基丙氧基、1,2-二甲基丙氧基、2,2-二甲基丙氧基、1-乙基丙氧基、己氧基、1-甲基戊氧基、2-甲基戊氧基、3-甲基戊氧基、4-甲基戊氧基、1,1-二甲基丁氧基、1,2-二甲基丁氧基、1,3-二甲基丁氧基、2,2-二甲基丁氧基、2,3-二甲基丁氧基、3,3-二甲基丁氧基、1-乙基丁氧基、2-乙基丁氧基、1,1,2-三甲基丙氧基、1,2,2-三甲基丙氧基、1-乙基-1-甲基丙氧基和1-乙基-2-甲基丙氧基。在一个实施方式中,所述C1-6烷氧基优选为C1-4烷氧基。术语“C1-4烷氧基”指上述实例中的含有1-4个碳原子的具体实例。
本发明所述“C2-6烯基”表示直链或支链的含有2-6个(2、3、4、5、6个)碳原子的结构中具有至少一个碳碳双键的烃基,例如乙烯基、丙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、烯丁基。
本发明所述“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴、碘等;优选为氟和氯。
本发明所述“卤代”是指所述基团中任意一个或多个能被取代的原子被卤素所取代,可全卤代,即卤素原子取代基团中所有能被取代的位置。
本发明所述“C1-6烷基磺酰基”指“C1-6烷基-SO2-”基团,其中,C1-6烷基如上所述。
本发明所述“C1-6烷基硫基”指“C1-6烷基-S-”基团,其中,C1-6烷基如上所述。
术语“卤代C1-6烷基”是指上述C1-6烷基中一个或多个氢被相同或不同的卤素取代的基团,例如氯代乙基、三氟甲基、五氟乙基、或类似基团。
类似地,术语“卤代C1-6烷氧基”指上述C1-6烷氧基中一个或多个氢被相同或不同的卤素取代的基团,例如三氟甲氧基。
术语“C6-10芳基”是指包含6-10个环原子但环原子中不含杂原子的单环或双环芳香族环基,例如苯基、萘基。
术语“杂芳基”是指含有至少一个选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子作为环成员的单环或双环芳香环基团;“5-10元杂芳基”指包含5至10个环原子的杂芳基。杂芳基的例子包括但不仅限于下列基团:吡咯基、N-烷基吡咯基、咪唑基、吡唑基、1,2,3-三唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、吡啶基、2-吡啶酮基、4-吡啶酮基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、1,2,3-三嗪基、1,2,4-三嗪基、氮杂环庚三烯基、1,2-二氮杂环庚三烯基、1,3-二氮杂环庚三烯基、1,4-二氮杂环庚三烯基、1,4-二氢-1,4-二氮杂环辛三烯基,1,2-二硫杂环丁烯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、1,2-二硫杂环戊烯基、1,3-二硫杂环戊烯基、1,4-二氧杂环己二烯基、1,4-二硫杂环己二烯基、1,4-氧硫杂环己二烯基、氧杂环庚三烯基、硫杂环庚三烯基、噁唑基、异噁唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基、1,2,5-噁二唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、1,2,3-噻二唑基、喹啉基等。
本发明提供了一种制备所述通式(I)所示化合物的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
其中R1、R2、R3与通式(I)中的基团的定义相同,Y为卤素,如碘、溴、氯;
1)化合物a与化合物R2Y在碱催化条件下发生取代反应,生成化合物b;
2)化合物b与化合物R3COCH3在碱催化条件下发生缩合反应,生成通式(I)所示的化合物。
在一优选实施方式中,步骤1)中,
所述碱选自但不限于碳酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、氢化钠中的一种或几种;优选为碳酸铯;
在一优选实施方式中,步骤2)中,
所述的碱选自但不限于碳酸钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠、三乙胺、二异丙基乙胺、氢化钠中的一种或几种;优选为碳酸钾。
本发明另一个方面还提供了一种药物组合物,其包含:
(a)预防或治疗有效量的上述本发明的吲哚酮类化合物;
以及(b)药学上可接受的载体。
本发明中,术语“包含”或“含有”表示各种成分可一起应用于本发明的混合物或组合物中。因此,术语“主要由...组成”和“由...组成”包含在术语“包含”或“含有”中。
本发明中,“药学上可接受的”成分是适用于人和/或动物而无过度不良副反应(如毒性、刺激和变态反应)即有合理的效益/风险比的物质。
本发明中,“药学上可接受的载体”用于将本发明的活性物质或其生理上可接受的盐传送给动物或人的药学上可接受的溶剂、悬浮剂或赋形剂。载体可以是液体或固体。
本发明中,所述的药物组合物含有安全有效量(如0.001-99.9重量份,更佳地,0.01-99重量份,更优选0.1-90重量份)的通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐;以及药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂,其中组合物的总重量为100重量份。
或者,本发明所述的药物组合物含有0.001-99.9wt%,更佳地,0.01-99重量%,更优选占总重量0.1-90重量%的通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐;以及药学上可接受的载体,其中组合物的总重量为100重量%。
在另一优选例中,通式(I)化合物与药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂或缓释剂的优选比例是,式(I)作为活性成分占总重量比65%以上,其余部分占总重量比0.5-40%,或更好为1-20%,或最好为1-10%。
本发明药物组合物的各种制剂形式,其单位剂量每剂包含0.05mg-500mg,优选0.5mg-200mg,更优选0.1mg-100mg所述的通式(I)化合物、其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体或它们的混合物。
本发明通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,及其组合物还可与其它治疗或预防血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症等疾病的活性成分或药物联合给药。当两种或两种以上的药物联合给药时,一般具有优于两种药物单独给药的效果。
因此,本发明药物组合物还可以含有其它治疗或预防血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症等疾病的活性成分或药物,所述活性成分或药物选自以下的一种或多种:肝素、华法林、双香豆素、比伐卢定、地西卢定、阿司匹林、吲哚布芬、血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa受体拮抗剂阿昔单抗、替罗非班、依替巴肽、噻氯匹啶、氯吡格雷、奥扎格雷、替格瑞洛、坎格雷洛、链激酶、尿激酶、阿尼普酶(APSAC)、葡萄球菌激酶(SAK)、重组人尿激酶原(pro-UK)、瑞替普酶、去氨普酶、西洛他唑、贝前列素、利伐沙班、双嘧达莫、比伐卢定、达比加群酯;西他列汀、维格列汀、沙格列汀、西格列汀、阿格列汀、恩格列净、利拉鲁肽、索玛鲁肽、坎格列净、格列齐特、瑞格列奈、罗格列酮、利纳西普、英利昔单抗、阿达木单抗、康纳单抗、二甲双胍、阿卡波糖、胰岛素;吲哚美辛、安乃近、保泰松、布洛芬、萘普生、双氯芬酸、吡罗昔康、萘丁美酮、曲妥珠单抗、帕博西尼、帕妥珠单抗、蛋白紫杉醇、曲妥珠单抗、帕博西尼、瑞博西尼、拉帕替尼、阿帕替尼、厄洛替尼、奥西替尼、索拉非尼、氟维司群、依维莫司、赫赛汀、他莫昔芬、吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、埃克替尼、阿法替尼、克唑替尼、阿瓦斯汀、依匹木单抗、贝伐珠单抗、耐普妥珠单抗、纳武单抗、派姆单抗、甲氨蝶呤、长春花碱、羟基喜树碱、阿霉素、顺铂。
当所述的药物组合物中含有额外的治疗或预防血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病、脑中风以及癌症等疾病的药物活性成分时,该活性成分的用量通常可以是现有技术中的常规用量或更低。
本发明的药物组合物可以是多种形式,如片剂、胶囊、粉末、糖浆、溶液状、悬浮液和气雾剂等,其中通式(I)化合物可以存在于适宜的固体或液体载体或稀释液中。本发明的药物组合物也可以储存在适宜的注射或滴注的消毒器具中。该药物组合物中还可包含气味剂、香味剂等。
本发明的通式(I)化合物或包含通式(I)化合物的药物组合物可通过口、鼻、皮肤、肺或胃肠道等给药途径对哺乳动物(包括人)临床使用。优选的给药途径为口服。优选的每日剂量为0.5mg-200mg/kg体重,一次或分次服用。不管用何种服用方法,个人的最佳剂量应根据具体治疗而定。通常情况下是从小剂量开始,逐渐增加剂量一直到找到最合适的剂量。
所用的活性成分的有效剂量可随所用的化合物、给药的模式和待治疗的疾病的严重程度而变化。然而,通常当本发明的化合物每天以约1-300mg/kg动物体重的剂量给予时,能得到令人满意的效果,较佳地每天以1-3次分开的剂量给予,或以缓释形式给药。对大部分大型哺乳动物而言,每天的总剂量约为5-1000mg,较佳地约为10-500mg。适用于内服的剂量形式,包含与固态或液态药学上可接受的载体密切混合的约1-200mg的活性化合物。可调节此剂量方案以提供最佳治疗应答。例如,由治疗状况的迫切要求,可每天给予若干次分开的剂量,或将剂量按比例地减少。
所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及其组合物可通过口服以及静脉内、肌内或皮下等途径给药。从易于制备和给药的立场看,优选的药物组合物是固态组合物,尤其是片剂和固体填充或液体填充的胶囊。药物组合物的口服给药是优选的。
固态载体包括:淀粉、乳糖、磷酸二钙、微晶纤维素、蔗糖和白陶土,而液态载体包括:无菌水、聚乙二醇、非离子型表面活性剂和食用油(如玉米油、花生油和芝麻油),只要适合活性成分的特性和所需的特定给药方式。在制备药物组合物中通常使用的佐剂也可有利地被包括,例如调味剂、色素、防腐剂和抗氧化剂如维生素E、维生素C、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)和丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)。
所述活性化合物或其药学上可接受的盐及其组合物也可肠胃外或腹腔内给药。也可在适当混合有表面活性剂(如羟丙基纤维素)的水中制备这些活性化合物(作为游离碱或药学上可接受的盐)的溶液或悬浮液。还可在甘油、液体、聚乙二醇及其在油中的混合物中制备分散液。在常规储存和使用条件下,这些制剂中含有防腐剂以防止微生物的生长。
适应于注射的药物形式包括:无菌水溶液或分散液和无菌粉(用于临时制备无菌注射溶液或分散液)。在所有情况中,这些形式必须是无菌的且必须是流体以易于注射器排出流体。在制造和储存条件下必须是稳定的,且必须能防止微生物(如细菌和真菌)的污染影响。载体可以是溶剂或分散介质,其中含有如水、醇(如甘油、丙二醇和液态聚乙二醇)、它们的适当混合物和植物油。
本发明的再一方面提供了通式(Ⅰ)所示的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,或上述的药物组合物在制备用于调节PAR4活性的药物的用途。这里,所述调节PAR4活性指的是对PAR4受体活性的拮抗或激动。
本发明又一个方面提供了通式(Ⅰ)所示的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体,或上述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防血栓栓塞性疾病、炎症感染、糖尿病以及癌症的药物中的用途。
本文所用的“血栓栓塞性疾病”是指包括与血栓相关的系列疾病及并发症,例如动脉血栓形成、深静脉血栓、肺栓塞、脑梗塞、中风、动脉粥样硬化、缺血病症、心脏病、心肌梗死、弥散性血管内凝血综合征、高血压、心律失常、炎症、心绞痛;
本文所用的“炎症感染”是指与炎症和感染有关的一系列疾病,包括但不限于:细菌性感染、病毒性感冒、痢疾、肝炎、伤寒、肺炎、肺结核、尿道炎、梅毒、阴道炎、肾小球肾炎、盆腔炎、子宫内膜炎、关节炎、心肌炎、牙周炎、红斑狼疮、皮炎、脑炎、角膜炎、鼻炎、咽炎、肠炎、中耳炎、宫颈炎、前列腺炎、甲沟炎。
本文所用的“癌症”是指在哺乳动物中发现的所有类型的癌症或赘生物或恶性肿瘤,包括但不限于:白血病、淋巴瘤、黑素瘤、癌和肉瘤。癌症本身表现为“肿瘤”或包括癌症恶性细胞的组织。肿瘤的实例包括肉瘤和癌,例如但不限于:纤维肉瘤、粘液肉瘤、月旨肪肉瘤、软骨肉瘤、成骨肉瘤、脊索瘤、血管肉瘤、内皮肉瘤、淋巴管肉瘤、淋巴管内皮肉瘤、滑膜瘤、间皮瘤、尤因氏瘤、平滑肌肉瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、结肠癌、胰腺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌、腺癌、汗腺癌、皮脂腺癌、乳头状癌、乳头状腺癌、囊腺癌、髓样癌、支气管癌、肾细胞癌、肝细胞瘤、胆管癌、绒毛膜癌、精原细胞瘤、胚胎性癌、肾母细胞瘤、宫颈癌、睾丸肿瘤、肺癌、小细胞肺癌、膀胱癌、上皮癌、神经胶质瘤、星形细胞瘤、髓母细胞瘤、颅咽管瘤、室管膜瘤、松果体瘤、血管母细胞瘤、听神经瘤、少突神经胶质瘤、脑膜瘤、黑素瘤、神经母细胞瘤和视网膜母细胞瘤。可用根据本发明公开的通式(Ⅰ)化合物,其药学上可接受的盐、前体药物、溶剂化物、氘代物或其立体异构体或药物组合物治疗的其它癌症包括但不限于,例如霍奇金病、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、神经母细胞瘤、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、肺癌、横纹肌肉瘤、原发性血小板增多症、原发性巨球蛋白血症、小细胞肺肿瘤、原发性脑瘤、胃癌、结肠癌、恶性胰岛肿瘤、恶性类癌瘤、膀胱癌、胃癌、恶变前皮肤损伤、睾丸癌、淋巴瘤、甲状腺癌、神经母细胞瘤、食管癌、泌尿生殖道癌、恶性高钙血症、宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌、肾上腺皮质癌和前列腺癌。
本文所用的“调节”是指钙流信号的增加(激动)或减少(拮抗)。
本发明化合物与最接近的现有技术相比,具有以下优点:
(1)本发明吲哚酮类化合物具有较好的PAR4受体协同激动效应或拮抗效应;
(2)本发明化合物毒性和副作用较低,安全窗口大;
(3)本发明化合物制备工艺简单,理化性质好,质量稳定,易于进行大规模工业生产。
具体实施方式
在以下的实施例中将进一步举例说明本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明,但不以任何方式限制本发明的保护范围。
对于以下实施例,可以使用本领域技术人员已知的标准操作和纯化方法。除非另有规定,否则原料通常是从市售来源可获得的。商购的溶剂和试剂一般在不进一步纯化的情况下使用,无水溶剂均通过标准方法处理,其他试剂为市售分析纯。除非另有说明,所有温度以℃(摄氏度)表示,室温或环境温度是指20~25℃。化合物的结构通过核磁共振谱(NMR)和/或质谱(MS)来确定的。
核磁共振氢谱位移(δ)以百万分之一(ppm)的单位给出。核磁共振氢谱用Bruker(AV-400)400MHz或Bruker(AV-500)500MHz型核磁共振仪测定,氘代二甲亚砜(DMSO-d6)、氘代氯仿(CDCl3-d6)为溶剂,四甲基硅烷(TMS)为内标。
层析柱一般使用200~300目硅胶为载体。
在上述讨论和下述实施例中,下列缩写具有如下含义。如果某一缩写没有定义,则它具有通常被接受的含义。
PAR为蛋白激酶激活受体;
DMF为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺;
DMSO为二甲基亚砜;
TFA为三氟乙酸;
EA为乙酸乙酯;
PE为石油醚;
TLC为薄层色谱。
实施例
实施例1:5-氯-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-1-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物1)
称取300mg的5-氯靛红与50mL的茄形烧瓶中,加入8mL的DMF搅拌溶解。然后在分别加入无水碳酸铯(3.30mmol,1.07g)和碘甲烷(3.30mmol,210μL)。室温下反应3小时,TLC检测反应至反应完全。然后过滤掉碳酸铯,滤液加入无水碳酸钾(4.13mmol,569mg),再加入1-萘乙酮(2.5mmol,422mg),室温过夜反应至TLC检测反应完成。反应完全后过滤掉无水碳酸钾,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水在分液漏斗中萃取两次,合并有机相。有机相用水洗三到四次,再加入饱和食盐水洗涤一次,最后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去无水硫酸钠后旋蒸除去多余的溶剂,硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂用乙酸乙酯和石油醚,乙酸乙酯含量从18%~40%梯度洗脱,v/v),干燥器干燥,最后得到白色固体160mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.49(dd,J=8.5,1.2Hz,1H),8.08–7.96(m,1H),7.85(m,J=15.4,7.7,1.2Hz,2H),7.68–7.43(m,4H),6.76(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),4.83(s,1H),4.11–3.56(m,2H),3.19(s,3H)。
实施例2:5-氯-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-1-基)-2-氧代乙基)-1-丙基吲哚啉-2-酮的合成(化合物2)
称取300mg 5-氯靛红与50mL的茄形瓶中,然后在加入8mL DMF溶剂。然后分别加入2倍当量的碳酸铯和溴代丙烷。剩下的操作过程与实施例1的实验方法一样。硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂用乙酯和石油醚,乙酸乙酯含量从10%~30%梯度洗脱,v/v)最后得到土白色固体190mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.56–8.48(m,1H),8.03(q,J=1.2Hz,1H),7.92–7.80(m,2H),7.58(dddd,J=20.0,8.1,6.9,1.4Hz,2H),7.52–7.45(m,2H),7.33–7.29(m,1H),6.80(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),4.70(s,1H),3.86(d,J=16.9Hz,1H),3.76–3.57(m,3H),1.74(m,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.00(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
实施例3:5-氯-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物3)
称取300mg的5-氯靛红与50mL的茄形烧瓶中,加入8mL的DMF搅拌溶解。然后在分别加入无水碳酸铯(3.30mmol,1.07g)和碘甲烷(3.30mmol,210μL)。室温下反应3小时,TLC检测反应至反应完全。然后过滤掉碳酸铯,滤液加入无水碳酸钾(4.13mmol,569mg),再加入2-萘乙酮(2.5mmol,422mg),室温过夜反应至TLC检测反应完成。反应完全后过滤掉无水碳酸钾,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水在分液漏斗中萃取两次,合并有机相。有机相用水洗三到四次,再加入饱和食盐水洗涤一次,最后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去无水硫酸钠后旋蒸除去多余的溶剂,硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂用乙酸乙酯和石油醚,乙酸乙酯含量从18%~40%梯度洗脱,v/v),干燥器干燥,得白色浅白色固体170mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.62–8.34(m,1H),8.02–7.83(m,4H),7.60(m,J=25.1,8.2,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.32(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),6.83(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.65(s,1H),4.00(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),3.70(d,J=17.6Hz,1H),3.27(s,3H)。
实施例4:5-氯-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)-1-丙基吲哚啉-2-酮的合成(化合物4)
用溴丙烷替换实施例3中的碘甲烷,其余步骤与实施例3完全一致。(洗脱剂乙酸乙酯和石油醚,乙酸乙酯15%~40%梯度洗脱,v/v)最后得浅黄色固体176mg。
核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.50–8.39(m,1H),8.01–7.86(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.7,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.47(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=8.3,2.2Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),4.00(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.83–3.63(m,3H),1.79(m,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.03(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
实施例5:3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-1-基)-2-氧代乙基)-1-丙基吲哚啉-2-酮的合成(化合物5)
称取310mg的吲哚-2,3-二酮与50mL的茄形烧瓶中,加入8mL的DMF搅拌溶解。然后在分别加入无水碳酸铯(4.21mmol,1.36g)和溴丙烷(4.21mmol,398μL)。室温下反应3小时,TLC检测反应至反应完全。然后过滤掉碳酸铯,滤液加入无水碳酸钾(5.26mmol,726mg),再加入1-萘乙酮(3.16mmol,537mg),室温过夜反应至TLC检测反应完成。反应完全后过滤掉无水碳酸钾,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水在分液漏斗中萃取两次,合并有机相。有机相用水洗三到四次,再加入饱和食盐水洗涤一次,最后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去无水硫酸钠后旋蒸除去多余的溶剂,硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化(洗脱剂用乙酸乙酯和石油醚,乙酸乙酯含量从18%~40%梯度洗脱,v/v),干燥器干燥最后制备白色固体192mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.59–8.36(m,1H),8.00(m,J=8.2,1.0Hz,1H),7.84(m,J=19.0,7.5,1.2Hz,2H),7.64–7.37(m,4H),7.32(t,J=7.8,1.3Hz,1H),7.06(t,J=7.6,1.0Hz,1H),6.86(m,J=7.8,0.7Hz,1H),4.73(s,1H),3.86(d,J=16.6Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.67–3.62(m,2H),1.80–1.71(m,3H),1.00(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
实施例6:5-氟-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物6)
用5-氟靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。用硅胶柱层析分离提纯,干燥器干燥后的目标化合物158mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.03–7.84(m,4H),7.70–7.54(m,2H),7.28(d,J=5.6Hz,1H),7.05(t,J=8.8,2.6Hz,1H),6.82(dd,J=8.5,4.0Hz,1H),3.99(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),3.66(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.28(s,3H)。
实施例7:3-羟基-1,5-二甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物7)
用5-甲基靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。纯化干燥后得到165mg的白色固体。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.49–8.38(m,1H),8.11–7.77(m,4H),7.60(m,J=24.5,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.30(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.21–7.10(m,1H),6.79(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),3.65(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),3.26(s,3H),2.31(s,3H)。
实施例8:7-溴-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物8)
用7-溴靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。经过柱层析提纯,干燥器干燥得到白色固体149mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.48–8.38(m,1H),8.01–7.85(m,4H),7.68–7.53(m,2H),7.42(ddd,J=21.4,7.8,1.1Hz,2H),6.91(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.96(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),3.70(d,1H),3.67(s,3H)。
实施例9:5-溴-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物9)
用5-溴靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。经过柱层析提纯,最后干燥得到浅白色固体173mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.60(m,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.06(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.90(dd,J=8.3,4.8Hz,2H),7.74(dd,J=8.6,1.7Hz,1H),7.65–7.51(m,3H),7.39(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.24(s,1H),4.30(d,J=17.9Hz,1H),3.74(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),3.08(s,3H)。
实施例10:6-溴-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物10)
用6-溴靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。最后用乙酸乙酯和石油醚作为洗脱剂,柱层析,干燥后得到白色固体163mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43–8.41(m,1H),8.01–7.84(m,4H),7.70–7.53(m,2H),7.33(d,J=7.9Hz,1H),7.20(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),4.48(s,1H),3.98(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.66(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.27(s,3H)。
实施例11:3-羟基-5-甲氧基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物11)
用5-甲氧基靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样,最终经过纯化干燥得到白色固体132mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.38–8.30(m,1H),7.93–7.77(m,4H),7.52(m,J=24.6,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.04(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),6.83–6.69(m,2H),3.87(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),3.68(s,3H),3.56(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),3.17(s,3H)。
实施例12:1-丁基-5-氯-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物12)
用正溴丁烷替换实施例3中的碘甲烷,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化,干燥器干燥后得到土白色固体192mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.44(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),8.05–7.81(m,4H),7.71–7.55(m,2H),7.48(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.31(dd,J=8.3,2.2Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.98(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.76(d,J=15.7,7.4Hz,2H),3.65(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),1.73(m,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.45(m,J=7.4Hz,2H),0.99(t,J=7.3Hz,3H)。
实施例13:5-氯-3-羟基-1-异丁基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物13)
用溴代异丁烷替换实施例3中的碘甲烷,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。经过柱层析提纯,干燥器干燥后的到土色固体188mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.44(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.04–7.83(m,4H),7.71–7.53(m,2H),7.48(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.30(dd,J=8.4,2.3Hz,1H),6.84(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),3.99(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.65(d,J=17.4Hz,1H),3.55(m,J=13.9,7.0Hz,2H),2.21(d,J=13.8,6.8Hz,1H),1.03(dd,J=6.7,1.4Hz,6H)。
实施例14:7-氯-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物14)
用7-氯靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。后经过柱层析分离,干燥器干燥得到白色固体162mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.47–8.38(m,1H),8.01–7.83(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.7,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.36(dd,J=7.4,1.2Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=2.6Hz,1H),6.97(dd,J=8.2,7.4Hz,1H),3.97(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),3.69(d,J=17.3Hz,1H),3.66(s,3H)。
实施例15:5-碘-3-羟基-1-甲基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物15)
用5-碘靛红替换实施例3中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例3一样。经过纯化,干燥等后处理操作得到浅白色固体176mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.49–8.38(m,1H),8.04–7.85(m,4H),7.76(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.71–7.54(m,3H),6.69(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),3.98(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),3.26(s,3H)。
实施例16:1-丁基-7-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物16)
用7-溴靛红替换实施例12中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例12一样。过柱子纯化,干燥器干燥后得到白色固体188mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.46–8.37(m,1H),8.01–7.84(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.5,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.43(m,J=22.2,7.8,1.2Hz,2H),6.90(dd,J=8.2,7.3Hz,1H),4.15(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),3.95(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),3.66(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),1.86–1.73(m,2H),1.45(m,J=7.4Hz,2H),0.99(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。
实施例17:7-溴-1-异丁基-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物17)
用7-溴靛红替换实施例13中5-氯靛红,其余实验方法与实施例13一样。纯化干燥后得到棕白色固体180mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.03–7.85(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.9,8.1,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.44(m,J=17.9,7.8,1.2Hz,2H),6.92(dd,J=8.2,7.3Hz,1H),4.03–3.89(m,3H),3.62(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),2.28(d,J=13.8,6.9Hz,1H),1.45(s,1H),1.01(dd,J=8.8,6.7Hz,6H)。
实施例18:7-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)-1-戊基二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物18)
用溴代正戊烷替换实施例8中碘甲烷,其余实验方法与实施例8一样。最后经过提纯干燥的得到浅黄色固体198mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),8.01–7.84(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.5,8.2,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.43(m,J=21.7,7.8,1.2Hz,2H),6.90(dd,J=8.2,7.3Hz,1H),4.16–4.10(m,2H),3.94(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),3.66(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),1.40(m,J=3.8Hz,4H),1.28(m,2H),0.99–0.86(m,3H)。
实施例19:5-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-(6-甲氧基萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)-1-甲基二氢-2-酮的合成(化合物19)
称取300mg的5-氯靛红与50mL的茄形烧瓶中,加入8mL的DMF搅拌溶解。然后在分别加入无水碳酸铯(3.30mmol,1.07g)和碘甲烷(3.30mmol,210μL)。室温下反应3小时,TLC检测反应至反应完全。然后过滤掉碳酸铯,滤液加入无水碳酸钾(4.13mmol,569mg),再加入6-甲氧基-2-乙酰萘(2.5mmol,500mg),室温过夜反应至TLC检测反应完成。反应完全后过滤掉无水碳酸钾,然后加入乙酸乙酯和水在分液漏斗中萃取两次,合并有机相。有机相用水洗三到四次,再加入饱和食盐水洗涤一次,最后用无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去无水硫酸钠后旋蒸除去多余的溶剂,硅胶拌样柱层析分离纯化干燥最后得到白色固体176mg。核磁数据1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.35(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.94(dd,J=8.7,1.8Hz,1H),7.79(dd,J=24.0,8.9Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz,1H),7.25–7.13(m,2H),6.78(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.95(d,J=16.0Hz,4H),3.64(d,J=17.5Hz,1H),3.26(s,3H)。
实施例20:7-溴-3-羟基-1-(2-(甲硫基)乙基)-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物20)
用7-溴靛红替换实施例3中的5-氯靛红,用2-氯乙基甲基硫醚替换实施例3中的碘甲烷。其余实验方法与实施例3一样。经过柱层析和干燥器干燥得到土黄色固体132mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.47–8.41(m,1H),8.03–7.85(m,4H),7.61(m,J=24.3,8.2,6.9,1.3Hz,2H),7.43(m,J=19.9,7.8,1.2Hz,2H),6.94(dd,J=8.2,7.3Hz,1H),4.50–4.28(m,2H),4.00(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),3.70(d,J=17.1Hz,1H),3.03–2.87(m,2H),2.16(s,3H)。
实施例21:5-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物21)
称取300mg的5-溴靛红加入50mL的茄形瓶中,加入8mL DMF搅拌溶解。再分别加入无水碳酸钾(3.31mmol,457mg)和2-萘乙酮(2.0mmol,339mg)。TLC检测反应,10小时后反应完全,过滤除去无水碳酸钾。然后在分液漏斗中加入水合乙酸乙酯,萃取两次并合并有机相,有机相水洗三次,随后加入无水硫酸钠干燥。过滤除去无水硫酸钠,并旋干有机相。加入少许正己烷和甲基叔丁基醚打浆,过滤干燥得到白色固体113mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.45(s,1H),8.81–8.61(m,1H),8.18–8.13(m,1H),7.99(dd,J=8.8,2.8Hz,2H),7.84(dd,J=8.6,1.8Hz,1H),7.66(m,J=18.1,8.1,6.9,1.4Hz,2H),7.54(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.35(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.25(s,1H),4.31(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),3.76(d,J=17.8Hz,1H)。
实施例22:5-碘-3-羟基-3-(2-(萘-2-基)-2-氧代乙基)二氢吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物22)
用5-碘靛红替换实施例21中的5-溴靛红,其他实验方法与实施例21一致。最后纯化干燥得到浅黄色固体120mg。核磁数据1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.43(s,1H),8.70(s,J=1.5Hz,1H),8.18–8.11(m,1H),8.02–7.96(m,2H),7.83(dd,J=8.6,1.8Hz,1H),7.73–7.61(m,3H),7.51(dd,J=8.1,1.8Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.21(s,1H),4.30(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),3.75(d,J=17.7Hz,1H)。
实施例23:5-溴-3-(2-(4(叔丁基)苯基)-2-氧乙基)-3-羟基吲哚啉-2-酮的合成(化合物23)
用对叔丁基苯乙酮替换实施例21中的2-萘乙酮,其他实验方法与实施例21一致。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.41(s,1H),7.92–7.73(m,2H),7.61–7.44(m,3H),7.34(dd,J=8.2,2.1Hz,1H),6.78(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.19(s,1H),4.13(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),3.60(d,J=17.8Hz,1H),1.29(s,9H)。
实施例24:5-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-氧代-2-(喹啉-3-基)乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物24)
用3-乙酰基喹啉替换实施例21中的2-萘乙酮,其他实验方法与实施例21一致。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.50(s,1H),9.31–9.00(m,2H),8.19(dd,J=8.1,1.4Hz,1H),8.09(dd,J=8.4,1.1Hz,1H),7.93(m,J=8.4,6.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.74(m,J=8.1,6.9,1.2Hz,1H),7.55(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.31(s,1H),4.32(d,J=17.7Hz,1H),3.79(d,J=17.6Hz,1H)。
实施例25:5-溴-3-(2-(4-乙氧基苯基)-2-氧代乙基)-3-羟基吲哚啉-2-酮的合成(化合物25)
用对乙氧基苯乙酮替换实施例21中的2-萘乙酮,其他实验方法与实施例21一致。核磁数据1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.39(s,1H),7.90–7.75(m,2H),7.48(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.34(dd,J=8.2,2.1Hz,1H),7.05–6.92(m,2H),6.77(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.16(s,1H),4.20–4.02(m,3H),3.55(d,J=17.7Hz,1H),1.34(t,J=6.9Hz,3H)。
实施例26:5-溴-3-羟基-3-(2-(4-(甲磺酰基)苯基)-2-氧乙基)吲哚-2-酮的合成(化合物26)
用对甲磺酰基苯乙酮替换实施例21中的2-萘乙酮,其他实验方法与实施例21一致。1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.47(s,1H),8.19–8.01(m,4H),7.51(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.36(dd,J=8.3,2.1Hz,1H),6.79(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),6.27(s,1H),4.21(d,J=17.9Hz,1H),3.68(d,J=17.9Hz,1H),3.28(s,3H)。
以下通过活性实验进一步阐述本发明化合物有益效果,但不应将此理解为本发明化合物仅具有下列有益效果。
测试例本发明化合物的体外活性
供试品:
本发明化合物,其化学名称和制备方法见各化合物的制备实施例。
实验方法:
1、稳定株的构建
将人源PAR4受体cDNA亚克隆到PCDNA3.1-HA表达载体中。构建好的质粒被瞬时转染到HEK293细胞中,24h后用转染质粒所带的抗性标记的抗生素进行抗性筛选。当培养皿中的细胞生长形态良好且形成肉眼可见的圆形斑落时,可以挑取混合克隆。当孔中的细胞数量足够时,分取一半的细胞到另一个96孔板中培养24h左右做钙流等检测。选取钙流检测时RFU值较高的混合克隆细胞,取80个左右的细胞种在一块96孔板中。
当细胞数量足够时,分取一半的细胞至96孔板中24h后做钙流等检测。若钙流等检测结果较好,将细胞从96孔板中移至24孔板再移至6孔板,最后移至大盘中扩大培养。根据钙流实验(或其他相应检测)结果,荧光染色实验结果,Western blot结果,再次验证单克隆稳转细胞系的正确性。
2、细胞培养条件
细胞培养的条件为高糖High-Glucose DMEM细胞培养基,10%胎牛血清FBS,250μg/mL G418,5%CO2,温度保持在37℃。
3、钙流实验以及数据分析
化合物的配制:化合物以DMSO配制成90mM的母液。用实验前新鲜配制钙buffer将化合物稀释至最终工作浓度1.5倍(最终工作时DMSO浓度不超过1%)。
钙缓冲液(buffer)的配制:在100mLHBSS中配制0.5%牛血清白蛋白(BSA),5.6mMD-葡萄糖(D-glucose),250μM磺吡酮(sulfinpyrazone),混匀,现配现用。
染料的配制:每毫升染料的配制为先将1μL的2mM Fluo-4AM和10μL的3%聚氧乙烯蓖麻油EL(Cremophor EL)混匀,再用1mL钙缓冲稀释并混匀。
细胞的处理:将待测的细胞经胰酶消化后,用一定体积的培养液使之悬浮,混匀细胞并计算细胞密度,以20万左右的密度铺96孔细胞培养板上,培养18小时后,弃掉培养液,用染料孵育60min。弃去孵育液,加入100μL待测化合物孵育10min,然后读数。
浓度梯度设置:在浓度依赖性曲线中,激动剂4-AP(AYPGKF,Genscipt)的起始浓度为333.33μM,3倍稀释,终浓度0μM;在化合物浓度梯度曲线中,根据不同的化合物,设置的的浓度梯度范围为0μM-300μM.
使用的对照:对照分别为新鲜钙缓冲,含有等浓度的DMSO的钙缓冲。
钙流检测过程:用Flextation仪检测,激发波长485nm,吸收波长525nm,设置在第20s由仪器自动加入50μL激动剂,每孔检测时间为130s。最终记录荧光值。
数据的统计分析与作图采用软件GraphPad Prism 6.0。
实验结果和结论:
拮抗活性表示形式:+++:IC50在10-100μM(μmol/L)之间;++:1-10μM之间;+:0-1μM
协同激动活性表示形式:A+++:EC50在10-100μM(μmol/L)之间;A++:1-10μM之间;A+:0-1μM
表1本发明化合物的对PAR4受体的拮抗活性IC50或协同激动活性EC50
Claims (12)
2.通式(I)所示的化合物、及其药学上可以接受的盐,或包含治疗有效量的选自通式(I)所示的化合物、其药学上可接受的盐的一种或多种作为活性成分,以及药学上可接受的载体的药物组合物在制备用于调节PAR4活性的药物的用途,
其中,
R1选自:卤素、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷氧基、氨基、硝基、羟基、巯基、氰基、磺酰基、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基硫基,所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基;
R2选自:氢、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基、R4-X-(CH2)m-;其中R4选自:氢、取代或未取代的C1-6烷基;X选自-O-、-NH-、-S-;m选自:0、1、2、3、4、5或6;所述取代的取代基选自卤素、羟基、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、氨基、羧基、巯基、氰基;
R3选自:取代或未取代的C6-10芳基、取代或未取代的5-10元杂芳基;所述取代的取代基选自C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、C1-6卤代烷基、C1-6卤代烷氧基、卤素、氨基、羟基和甲磺酰基。
3.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,R3选自:萘基、喹啉基、苯基、甲基萘基、甲氧基萘基、乙氧基苯基、叔丁基苯基和甲磺酰基苯基。
4.如权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于,R3为1-萘基、2-萘基、6-甲氧基萘基、4-叔丁基苯基或3-喹啉基。
5.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,R1选自:氯、氟、溴、碘、甲基、甲氧基、氰基、氨基、硝基、羟基、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基和甲磺酰基。
6.如权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,R1为氯、氟、溴、碘、甲基或甲氧基。
7.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,R2选自:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、苄基、苯乙基、乙氧甲基、甲硫乙基、氯代乙基和羟基乙基。
8.如权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于,R2为氢、甲基、丙基、丁基、异丁基、戊基或甲硫乙基。
10.如权利要求9所述的用途,其特征在于,R5为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲磺酰基、甲氧基或乙氧基;R6为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲磺酰基或甲氧基;或,
R6和R5连同与其相连的碳原子共同构成被卤素、羟基、或C1-6烷基取代或未取代的苯基;
R7为H、甲基、乙基、丁基、叔丁基、甲磺酰基或甲氧基。
11.如权利要求10所述的用途,其特征在于,R5为H、叔丁基、甲氧基或乙氧基;
R6为H、叔丁基或甲氧基;
R7为H、叔丁基或甲氧基。
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