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CN110814468A - T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method - Google Patents

T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110814468A
CN110814468A CN201910921025.8A CN201910921025A CN110814468A CN 110814468 A CN110814468 A CN 110814468A CN 201910921025 A CN201910921025 A CN 201910921025A CN 110814468 A CN110814468 A CN 110814468A
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Prior art keywords
welding
double
gouging
shaped joint
groove
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CN201910921025.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王欢
王钱浦
颜立超
黄燕
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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Hudong Zhonghua Shipbuilding Group Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
    • B23K9/067—Starting the arc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
    • B23K9/133—Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
    • B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
    • B23K9/287—Supporting devices for electrode holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-sided double-arc non-back gouging automatic penetration welding method for a T-shaped joint, which specifically comprises the following steps of: preprocessing a welding groove; assembling, positioning and welding; double-sided double arc welding bottoming welding beads; welding a filling weld bead; and welding a cover bead. The method is simple to operate and convenient to use, double-side double-arc welding is carried out by adopting a double-welding power supply and double-automatic welding trolleys, the T-shaped joint is subjected to back gouging and automatic penetration welding without back gouging, the welding efficiency is improved, the back gouging and polishing work of a welding seam is reduced, the welding deformation is better controlled, the welding residual stress is reduced, the material waste and the working time in the welding process are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the welding quality is improved.

Description

T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship welding, in particular to a T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method.
Background
A large number of T-shaped penetration welding head designs exist in ship construction, and because the T-shaped penetration welding heads generally belong to important stressed structures, welding requirements are high, nondestructive testing is required after welding, and if a detection result is unqualified, a large number of repair works can be increased, and production efficiency is influenced.
When a T-shaped penetration welding head is welded in production, one side of a groove is generally welded, the groove on the other side is welded after the welding is finished, and in order to ensure complete penetration, a carbon planing and polishing mode is needed to carry out back gouging treatment on the root position before the groove on the other side is welded, so that the workload is greatly increased, the material consumption is relatively high, and the production cost is further increased. Particularly, when a T-shaped penetration welding joint of stainless steel is welded, because the carbon plane is easy to generate carburization risk and further influences the corrosion resistance of the joint, the root back chipping is carried out by adopting a plasma arc plane mode, so the operation difficulty is very high, the stainless steel base metal is easy to damage by carelessness, the workload is increased, and the welding seam quality is influenced.
The prior art, such as the invention patent with the application number of 201711015213.1, discloses a method for welding a T-shaped joint of a large thick plate, which is suitable for plates with the thickness of a vertical plate larger than 30mm, welding guns are positioned on two sides of the vertical plate in the T-shaped joint of the large thick plate, double-sided asynchronous backing MAG welding is adopted during backing welding, a certain arc distance is kept between the two welding guns, root full penetration is realized by increasing the heat input of the welding guns and reducing the arc distance, and welding without back chipping in a narrow gap can be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to avoid the root position back chipping treatment in a carbon planing grinding mode during welding of a T-shaped penetration welding head and reduce the workload and the production cost, the invention provides a T-shaped joint double-side arc back chipping-free penetration welding method, and the technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method adopts a solid welding wire or a flux-cored welding wire for welding, the diameters of the solid welding wire and the flux-cored welding wire are both 1-1.4mm, a welding power supply adopts an MIG (metal-inert gas) or MAG (metal active gas) welding machine, and double-sided double-arc welding is carried out by using a double-welding power supply and a double-automatic trolley mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preprocessing the welding groove;
s2, assembling, positioning and welding;
s3, welding a backing weld bead;
and S4, welding a filling weld bead and a capping weld bead.
Further, in S1, a welding groove is made, and the groove is ground smooth.
Furthermore, the welding groove is a symmetrical groove, the angle of the welding groove is 45-55 degrees, truncated edges are arranged at the symmetrical positions of the groove, and the size of each truncated edge is 0-1 mm.
Further, in S2, the assembly gap of the tack welds is 0-4 mm.
Further, in S3, the bottoming pass is the first layer pass; during arc starting, two electrodes are positioned at two sides of the starting point of a welding seam, one electrode is used as a front wire to perform arc starting movable welding firstly, the double-automatic trolley is used for driving the front wire and the rear wire to move, when the front wire moves for 5-25mm, the other electrode is used as a rear wire to perform arc welding at the same speed with the front wire in the same direction, the front wire welding trolley is closed after the front wire reaches the end point of the welding seam, and the rear wire welding trolley is closed after the rear wire reaches the end point of the welding seam; the weld bead surface is then cleaned.
Further, when the electrodes are positioned at two sides of the welding seam, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 18-20mm, the wire feeding speed is 15-20m/min, the welding current is 150-; the moving welding speed of the electrode during transverse welding is 35-40cm/min, and the included angle between a welding gun and the horizontal plane is 23-27 degrees; the moving welding speed of the electrode during vertical welding is 10-15 cm/min.
Further, in S4, performing fill welding first, and then performing cover welding; filling welding and cover surface welding both adopt simultaneous equidirectional and same-speed double-sided double-arc welding, and the welding current is 160-180A; the welding speed is 35-40cm/min during transverse welding, and the included angle between a welding gun and the horizontal plane is 20-30 degrees; the welding speed is 10-15cm/min during vertical welding, and the welding angle is not required.
Further, in S1, the groove may be heated to remove moisture from the groove before welding, instead of performing a preheating treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is simple to operate and convenient to use, double-side double-arc welding is carried out by adopting a double-welding power supply and double-automatic welding trolleys, the T-shaped joint is subjected to back gouging automatic penetration welding without back gouging, the welding efficiency is improved, the back gouging and polishing work of a welding seam is cancelled, the welding process is simplified, the welding deformation is better controlled, the welding residual stress is reduced, the material waste and the working time in the welding process are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the welding quality is improved; the appearance inspection of the duplex stainless steel test plate welded by the method of the invention shows that the weld joint is well formed, no surface welding defect is found, the welding deformation is small, no air hole exists on the surface of the test plate through coloring detection, no welding defects such as root incomplete penetration, air hole, incomplete fusion and the like are detected through ultrasonic detection, the mechanical properties (impact and hardness) of the test plate meet the standard requirements, and the welding quality is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a welding groove.
Fig. 2 is a bead layout diagram.
In the figure, 1, a backing weld; 2. filling a weld bead; 3. a facing weld bead; 4. beveling; 5. and (4) blunt edges.
Detailed Description
The process of the invention is further described below with reference to specific examples:
example 1
The welding method is concretely illustrated by a T-shaped joint at the transverse welding position of 2205 duplex stainless steel with the thickness of 18mm, the welding power supply adopts a MIG/MAG welding machine, the welding material adopts a flux-cored wire matched with CO2The method is used as protective gas to carry out double-sided double-arc welding by adopting a double-welding power supply and a double-automatic welding trolley, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, preprocessing a welding groove 4, machining the welding groove 4 by adopting a mechanical method, wherein the welding groove 4 is symmetrically distributed, truncated edges 5 are left between the welding grooves 4 on two sides, the angle of the groove 4 can be 45-55 degrees, and the size of the truncated edge 5 is 0-1 mm; in the embodiment, the angle of the groove 4 is 50 degrees, and the size of the truncated edge 5 is 0 mm; the processing surface of the groove 4 is polished smoothly by a grinding wheel, and moisture can be removed by properly heating in wet weather, so that the content of hydrogen in a welding line is reduced, and preheating treatment is not needed.
And 2, assembling, positioning and welding, wherein the assembling gap below the truncated edge 5 is 0-4mm in installation and positioning, 2mm is selected in the embodiment, positioning and welding are carried out after assembling, and the surface of the positioning weld joint is polished to be smooth by a grinding wheel.
Step 3, welding a backing weld bead 1, wherein the backing weld bead 1 is a first layer of weld bead, as shown in figure 2, a welding material adopts 2209 flux-cored wire, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the dry elongation is 20mm, and a protective gas CO is adopted2. Welding current is 150-170A, welding voltage is 22-24V, welding speed is 37.5cm/min, CO2The gas flow is 20-25L/min, and the included angle between the welding gun and the horizontal plane is 23-27 degrees. And when the front wire runs for about 5-25mm, the other side electrode performs arc welding and starts the automatic welding trolley to run. After the front wire reaches the end point of the welding seam, the trolley is closed to travel, then the power supply of the front wire is turned off, after the rear wire reaches the end point of the welding seam, the trolley is closed to travel, and then the power supply of the rear wire is turned off, so that bottoming welding can be completed; and after the backing weld bead 1 is welded, cleaning the surface of the backing weld bead 1 by adopting an electric grinding wheel and a steel wire brush.
Step 4, welding a filling weld bead 2 and a cover weld bead 3, simultaneously arcing and welding electrodes on two sides and starting the trolleys to walk, setting the two automatic welding trolleys to be equidirectional and constant in speed, setting the filling weld bead 2 as a second layer of welding seam and setting the cover weld bead 3 as a third layer of welding seam, as shown in figure 2, welding current is 160-180A, welding speed is 35-40cm/min, CO is added2The gas flow is 20-25L/min, and the included angle between the welding gun and the horizontal plane is 20-30 degrees.
Example 2
The welding method is concretely illustrated by a T-shaped joint at the 2205 duplex stainless steel vertical welding position with the thickness of 18mm, the welding power supply adopts a MIG/MAG welding machine, the welding material adopts a flux-cored wire matched with CO2As shielding gas, dual by using dual welding power supplies and dual automatic welding carriagesThe difference between the double-arc welding and the embodiment 1 is that the speed of the trolley is 10-15cm/min during the backing welding, the filling welding and the cover surface welding, and the welding angle has no requirement.
Welding performance test results
Appearance inspection, nondestructive testing, and mechanical property tests (impact, hardness, etc.) were performed on the welded joints of examples 1 and 2 according to the DNV-GL classification society specifications, the appearance inspection and PT and UT all satisfied the specification requirements, the impact test results are shown in tables 1 and 2, and the hardness test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 1 impact test results (example 1)
Figure BDA0002217554340000041
Figure BDA0002217554340000051
TABLE 2 impact test results (example 2)
Figure BDA0002217554340000052
TABLE 3 hardness test results
Figure BDA0002217554340000053
The test results show that the welding method provided by the invention can obtain a high-quality welding joint, and the test data is stable and has larger margin, thereby meeting the requirements specified by the relevant standards.
The present invention is further explained and not limited by the embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications as necessary after reading the present specification, but all the embodiments are protected by the patent law within the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preprocessing the welding groove;
s2, assembling, positioning and welding;
s3, welding a backing weld bead;
and S4, welding a filling weld bead and a capping weld bead.
2. The double-sided arc back-gouging free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint according to claim 1, wherein in S1, a welding groove is manufactured and is ground smooth.
3. The double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint according to claim 2, wherein the welding groove is a symmetrical groove, the angle of the welding groove is 45-55 degrees, truncated edges are arranged at symmetrical positions of the groove, and the size of each truncated edge is 0-1 mm.
4. The double-sided arc back-gouging free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, the assembly gap of tack welding is 0-4 mm.
5. The double-sided arc back-gouging free penetration welding method for the T-joint as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S3, said backing pass is a first pass; during arc striking, two electrodes are positioned at two sides of the starting point of a welding seam, one electrode is used as a front wire to firstly perform arc striking moving welding, when the front wire runs for 5-25mm, the other electrode is used as a rear wire to perform arc striking with the front wire at the same direction and the same speed, the front wire is closed after the front wire reaches the end point of the welding seam, and the rear wire is closed after the rear wire reaches the end point of the welding seam; the weld bead surface is then cleaned.
6. The double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint as claimed in claim 5, wherein when the electrodes are positioned at two sides of the welding seam, the dry elongation of the welding wire is 18-20mm, the wire feeding speed is 15-20m/min, the welding current is 150-170A, and the welding voltage is 22-24V; the moving welding speed of the electrode during transverse welding is 35-40cm/min, and the included angle between a welding gun and the horizontal plane is 23-27 degrees; the moving welding speed of the electrode during vertical welding is 10-15 cm/min.
7. The double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint according to claim 1, wherein in S4, filling welding is firstly carried out, and then cover welding is carried out; the filling welding and the cover surface welding both adopt double-sided double-arc welding in the same direction and at the same speed, and the welding current is 160-180A; the welding speed is 35-40cm/min during transverse welding, and the included angle between a welding gun and the horizontal plane is 20-30 degrees; the welding speed is 10-15cm/min during vertical welding.
8. The double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method for the T-shaped joint according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the groove is heated to remove moisture in the groove before welding.
CN201910921025.8A 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 T-shaped joint double-sided arc back-gouging-free penetration welding method Pending CN110814468A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111408865A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-07-14 安徽伟宏钢结构集团股份有限公司 Female surface butt-joint oblique-vertical welding method convenient to operate
CN111761176A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-13 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 Fixed-position T-shaped full penetration joint welding process
CN113478055A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-08 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 Diesel engine frame single-piece double-face double-arc synchronous gas shield welding process
CN114289835A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-08 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Vertical position angle joint welding method for low-carbon quenched and tempered high-strength steel double-sided arc K-shaped groove

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CN109047999A (en) * 2018-08-16 2018-12-21 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 A kind of method that double of double V-groove carries out single welding full penetration
CN110270745A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-09-24 广东中泽重工有限公司 A kind of welding method for P690QL1 steel flux-cored wire gas metal-arc welding

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111408865A (en) * 2020-05-08 2020-07-14 安徽伟宏钢结构集团股份有限公司 Female surface butt-joint oblique-vertical welding method convenient to operate
CN111761176A (en) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-13 广州文冲船厂有限责任公司 Fixed-position T-shaped full penetration joint welding process
CN113478055A (en) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-08 中国船舶重工集团柴油机有限公司 Diesel engine frame single-piece double-face double-arc synchronous gas shield welding process
CN114289835A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-08 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 Vertical position angle joint welding method for low-carbon quenched and tempered high-strength steel double-sided arc K-shaped groove

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Application publication date: 20200221