CN110778622B - Brake caliper for automobile - Google Patents
Brake caliper for automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110778622B CN110778622B CN201911075407.XA CN201911075407A CN110778622B CN 110778622 B CN110778622 B CN 110778622B CN 201911075407 A CN201911075407 A CN 201911075407A CN 110778622 B CN110778622 B CN 110778622B
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- brake disc
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- shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
- F16D55/226—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads in which the common actuating member is moved axially, e.g. floating caliper disc brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
- B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
- B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
- B60T1/065—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels employing disc
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/2245—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members in which the common actuating member acts on two levers carrying the braking members, e.g. tong-type brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/14—Mechanical
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of automobile brakes, and particularly relates to automobile brake calipers, which comprise a caliper mechanism, a brake disc and an axle, wherein the brake disc is arranged at one end of the axle on an automobile; the caliper mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc; in the braking process of the automobile, the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased, so that the friction force per unit area on the friction surface of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced, the abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc is effectively controlled, and the service lives of the brake pad and the brake disc are prolonged; in the braking process, the side surfaces in the second notches on the balancing blocks are contacted and rubbed with the brake disc while the brake pads are contacted with the brake disc, so that the stress on the two end surfaces of the brake disc is balanced, the brake disc is prevented from being damaged due to long-term unilateral stress, the replacement period of the brake disc is delayed, and the maintenance cost of an automobile braking system is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile brakes, and particularly relates to a brake caliper for an automobile.
Background
The traditional braking technology at present is to realize the braking effect of an automobile by pushing a brake pad to be in contact with a brake disc through a hydraulic system to rub; in the braking process, the whole brake pad always participates in friction, and an annular area on the brake disc, which generates friction with the brake pad, is always unchanged; the structure leads to serious local abrasion of the brake disc, the whole abrasion speed of the brake pad is accelerated, and the frequency of replacing the brake pad is increased, thereby seriously shortening the service life of the brake pad and the brake disc and increasing the maintenance cost of the automobile.
The invention designs a brake caliper for an automobile to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a brake caliper for an automobile, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A brake caliper for an automobile, characterized in that: the automobile brake disc comprises a caliper mechanism, a brake disc and an axle, wherein the brake disc is arranged at one end of the axle on an automobile; the caliper mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc.
The caliper mechanism comprises a fixed block, a first notch, a first trapezoid sliding groove, a balancing block, a second notch, a second trapezoid sliding groove, a third trapezoid sliding groove, a first trapezoid sliding block, a second trapezoid sliding block, a first connecting block, a first reset spring, a telescopic rod, a second connecting block, a connecting shaft, a star wheel, a connecting shaft hole, a ring groove, a tapered thread driving wheel, a first shaft, a worm wheel, a worm, a second shaft, a gear, a rack, a trapezoid sliding strip, a third connecting block, a hydraulic column, a hydraulic cylinder, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a positioning plate, a positioning hole, a third positioning block, a third reset spring and a brake pad mechanism, wherein the lower end face of the fixed block is provided with the first notch; a first trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the first notch and is perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the first notch; the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the automobile body through the upper end surface of the fixed block; a second notch is formed in the lower end face of the balancing block; a second trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the second notch and is perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the second notch; a third trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the lower end face of the balancing block and is perpendicular to the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the first trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end face of the balancing block and is parallel to the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the equalizing block is arranged in the first notch through the sliding fit of the first trapezoidal sliding block and the first trapezoidal sliding groove; the brake disc is positioned in the second notch of the balancing block; two third return springs are symmetrically arranged on two side end surfaces of the balancing block; two ends of each third return spring are respectively connected with the inner wall of the first notch and the side end face of the balancing block; the lower end surface of the rack is provided with teeth; the upper end surface of the rack is provided with a trapezoidal sliding strip; the rack is installed on the lower end face of the balancing block through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding strip and the third trapezoidal sliding groove.
A second trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end surface of the first connecting block; the first connecting block is arranged in the second notch through the sliding fit of the second trapezoidal sliding block and the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the first connecting block through the upper end face of the telescopic rod; the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with a brake block mechanism; the brake pad mechanism is connected with one side surface of the inner wall of the second notch; the brake block mechanism is matched with the brake disc; the side surface of the second cut, which is not connected with the brake disc mechanism, is matched with the brake disc; the first return spring is nested at the outer side of the telescopic rod; one end of the first return spring is connected with the lower end face of the first connecting block, and the other end of the first return spring is connected with the brake pad mechanism; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the brake pad mechanism through the upper end surface of the connecting shaft; a through connecting shaft hole is formed between the two end faces of the star wheel; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel along the circumferential direction; the star wheel is arranged at the lower end of the connecting shaft in a matching way through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the connecting shaft; the first positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the second notch through one side end face of the first positioning block; the first shaft is arranged on the lower end face of the first positioning block through one end face of the first shaft; the shaft end of the first shaft is matched with the first positioning block through a bearing; the conical thread driving wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the conical thread driving wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the worm wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft, and the worm wheel is positioned below the conical threaded driving wheel; the second positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the second notch through one side end surface of the second positioning block; a through positioning hole is formed between the two side end faces of the positioning plate; the positioning plate is arranged on the lower end face of the second positioning block; one end of the second shaft penetrates through a positioning hole in the positioning plate; the second shaft is arranged on the positioning plate in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the second shaft and the inner circular surface of the positioning hole; the worm and the gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second shaft; the worm is positioned in the second notch and meshed with the worm wheel; the gear is meshed with the rack; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side end face of the balancing block through a third positioning block; one end of the hydraulic column is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic column is fixedly connected with the side end face of the rack through a third connecting block.
The brake pad mechanism comprises a telescopic outer sleeve, a key groove, a telescopic column, a key, a brake pad, a second return spring and a buffer spring, wherein the upper end face of a second connecting block is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the telescopic rod; two key grooves are uniformly formed in the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic jackets are symmetrically arranged on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block; a second reset spring is arranged on the end face of one side of the second connecting block which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve; one end of the second return spring is connected with the side end face of the second connecting block, and the other end of the second return spring is connected with the inner wall of the second notch; two keys are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the telescopic column in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic columns are respectively arranged in the two telescopic outer sleeves through the sliding fit of the keys and the key grooves; the two buffer springs are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves; one end of each buffer spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve, and the other end of each buffer spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column; one end of each telescopic column is provided with a brake pad; one ends of the two telescopic columns, which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic jackets, are fixedly connected with the brake pad at the same time; the brake pad is matched with the brake disc; the lower end face of the second connecting block is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the connecting shaft.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the first return spring is an extension spring.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the second return spring is an extension spring.
As a further improvement of the present technique, the third return spring is stretchable and compressible.
As a further improvement of the present technology, the buffer spring is a compression spring.
As a further improvement of the technology, the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a brake master cylinder on the automobile through a hydraulic pipe.
The design purpose of the matching of the conical thread driving wheel and the star wheel is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the radius of the conical thread is sharply reduced from top to bottom, so that the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards and drives the star wheel to transversely move towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the brake pad to move transversely to the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and moves towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc; the second return spring is stretched; the second connecting block drives the first connecting block to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove towards the direction of the brake disc through the telescopic rod; continuously treading the brake pedal, and enabling the brake pad to be in contact with the brake disc and generate friction; the contact area between the brake disc and the brake disc is gradually increased, the pressure born by the unit area of the contact part of the brake disc and the brake disc is reduced, the relative abrasion of the brake disc and the brake disc is weakened, and the service life of the brake disc and the brake disc is further prolonged; meanwhile, the pressure of the brake pad on the brake disc is increased sharply, so that the friction force between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc until the automobile stops.
The worm and worm wheel is designed to ensure that a driver steps on a brake pedal when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the brake pad to move transversely to the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and moves towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc; the second return spring is stretched; the second connecting block drives the first connecting block to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove towards the direction of the brake disc through the telescopic rod; continuously treading the brake pedal, and enabling the brake pad to be in contact with the brake disc and generate friction; the pressure of the brake pad on the brake disc is increased sharply, and further the friction force between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad on the brake disc until the automobile stops; in the whole braking process, the brake disc reacts on the worm through the brake pad, the telescopic column, the telescopic outer sleeve, the second connecting block, the connecting shaft, the star wheel, the conical thread driving wheel and the worm wheel; the action of the brake pad on the brake disc tends to be weakened; because the worm has a self-locking function to the rotation of the worm wheel, under the condition that a driver continuously treads the brake pedal, the torque of the brake block to the brake disc cannot be weakened due to the reaction of the brake disc, and the brake effectiveness is further ensured.
The design purpose of the balancing block sliding in the first notch along the first trapezoid sliding groove in a reciprocating mode is that when a running automobile needs to be braked, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the brake pad to move transversely to the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and moves towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc at the same time, and the buffer spring is compressed; the second return spring is stretched; the second connecting block drives the first connecting block to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove towards the direction of the brake disc through the telescopic rod; continuously treading the brake pedal, and enabling the brake pad to be in contact with the brake disc and generate friction; at the moment, the brake disc reacts on the brake pad to enable the brake pad to drive the balancing block to reversely move in the opposite direction through the telescopic column, the telescopic outer sleeve, the second connecting block, the connecting shaft, the star wheel, the tapered threaded driving wheel, the first shaft and the first positioning block; the side face, opposite to the brake disc, in the second notch is close to the brake disc; the buffer spring in the telescopic outer sleeve releases a small part of energy and restores a part of length; continuously applying force to step on the brake pedal, and moving the brake pad to the brake disc again; the buffer spring is compressed again; the brake disc reacts on the brake pad, so that the side face in the second notch on the balancing block is further close to the brake disc; continuously applying force to tread the brake pedal until the side surface in the second notch is contacted with the brake disc and generates friction; the side surface in the second notch and the brake pad respectively act on two end surfaces of the brake disc; the stress of the brake disc tends to be balanced, and the brake disc is prevented from being deformed or damaged due to unbalanced stress in the long-term braking process.
When the automobile does not need to be braked, a driver does not step on a brake pedal, and the brake pad is positioned at the initial position and does not move; in this case, only a small partial overlap area exists between the brake lining and the brake disc.
When the automobile in the driving state brakes normally, a driver steps on a brake pedal lightly; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the star wheel drives the brake pad to move transversely to the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and moves towards the center of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc; the second return spring is stretched; the second connecting block drives the first connecting block to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove towards the direction of the brake disc through the telescopic rod; the brake pedal is continuously and gently stepped, and the brake pad is contacted with the brake disc to generate friction; under the action of the reaction force of the brake disc on the brake pad, the side face in the second notch on the balancing block is in contact with the brake disc and generates friction, and the two third return springs are stretched and compressed one by one; at the moment, the pressure of the brake pad and the balancing block on the brake disc is smaller; the friction force among the brake disc, the brake pad and the balance block is small; the automobile stops slowly under the action of smaller friction force; therefore, the light braking of the automobile in a non-emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake main cylinder to enable hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder force to flow back; under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic column returns to the initial position; the hydraulic column drives the conical thread driving wheel to reversely rotate to an initial position through the rack, the gear, the worm and the worm wheel; the first return spring and the second return spring drive the brake pad and the star wheel to return to the initial position through the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column; the restoring force of the two third return springs enables the balancing weight to return to the initial position along the first trapezoidal sliding groove.
When the automobile in a running state is emergently braked, a driver forcibly steps on a brake pedal, and the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder pushes the hydraulic column to slide outwards; the hydraulic column drives the worm to rotate through a third connecting block, a rack, a gear and a second shaft; the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate; the worm wheel drives the conical thread driving wheel to rotate through the first shaft; the star wheel moves along the conical thread driving wheel and the conical thread driving wheel relatively; the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to rapidly move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel drives the star wheel to rapidly move transversely towards the direction of the brake disc; the second connecting block drives the first connecting block to transversely and rapidly slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove towards the brake disc through the telescopic rod; the star wheel drives the brake pad to move transversely to the brake disc through the connecting shaft, the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column and simultaneously moves rapidly to the center direction of the brake disc along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc; the second return spring is instantaneously stretched; the brake disc and the brake pad are in quick contact and generate friction; the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased until the brake pad is completely contacted with the brake disc; under the action of the reaction force of the brake disc on the brake pad, the side face in the second notch on the balancing block is contacted with the brake disc and generates friction; at the moment, the contact area between the brake disc and the brake disc is increased, so that the pressure applied to the brake disc and the unit area on the brake disc is reduced, the friction force between the brake disc and the brake disc in the unit area is reduced, and the abrasion of the brake disc and the brake disc is effectively controlled; when the brake pad is completely contacted with the brake disc, the pressure exerted on the brake disc by the brake pad reaches the maximum; under the combined action of the balance block and the brake pad, the speed of the automobile is quickly reduced until the automobile stops, so that the heavy braking of the automobile in an emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake main cylinder to enable hydraulic oil of the hydraulic cylinder force to flow back; under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic column returns to the initial position; the hydraulic column drives the conical thread driving wheel to reversely rotate to an initial position through the rack, the gear, the worm and the worm wheel; the first return spring and the second return spring drive the brake pad and the star wheel to return to the initial position through the second connecting block, the telescopic outer sleeve and the telescopic column; the restoring force of the two third return springs enables the balancing weight to return to the initial position along the first trapezoidal sliding groove.
Compared with the traditional street lamp, in the braking process of the automobile, the contact area between the brake pad and the brake disc is increased, so that the friction force of the unit area on the friction surface of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced, the abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc is effectively controlled, and the service lives of the brake pad and the brake disc are prolonged; in the braking process, the side surfaces in the second notches on the balancing blocks are contacted and rubbed with the brake disc while the brake pads are contacted with the brake disc, so that the stress on the two end surfaces of the brake disc is balanced, the brake disc is prevented from being damaged due to long-term unilateral stress, the replacement cycle of the brake disc is delayed, and the maintenance cost of an automobile braking system is reduced; the invention has simple structure and better use effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a caliper mechanism and a brake disc in cooperation.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the caliper mechanism and brake disc in cooperation.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a caliper mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the caliper mechanism and brake disc assembly.
Fig. 5 is a perspective schematic view of a fixed block.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equalization block.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the caliper mechanism internal gearing.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the caliper mechanism internal drive profile.
Fig. 9 is a perspective schematic view of a brake disc mechanism.
Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of a guide post.
Fig. 11 is a perspective schematic view of a telescoping jacket.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the telescoping post and key combination.
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the first positioning block, the second positioning block, the positioning plate and the balancing block.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the third positioning block, the hydraulic cylinder and the balancing block.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a tapered threaded drive wheel, star wheel and worm gear engagement.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a star wheel.
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the positioning plate.
Fig. 18 is a perspective schematic view of a brake disc mechanism.
Number designation in the figures: 1. a caliper mechanism; 2. a brake disc; 3. a wheel axle; 4. a fixed block; 5. a first cut; 6. a first trapezoidal chute; 7. a balancing mass; 8. a second cut; 9. a second trapezoidal chute; 10. a first trapezoidal slider; 11. a second trapezoidal slider; 12. a first connection block; 13. a first return spring; 14. a telescopic rod; 15. a second connecting block; 16. a telescopic outer sleeve; 17. a keyway; 18. a telescopic column; 19. a key; 20. a brake pad; 21. a second return spring; 22. a connecting shaft; 23. a star wheel; 24. connecting the shaft hole; 25. a ring groove; 26. a tapered threaded drive wheel; 27. a first shaft; 28. a worm gear; 29. a worm; 30. a second shaft; 31. a gear; 32. a rack; 33. a trapezoidal slide bar; 34. a third connecting block; 35. a hydraulic column; 36. a hydraulic cylinder; 37. a first positioning block; 38. a second positioning block; 39. positioning a plate; 40. positioning holes; 41. a third positioning block; 42. a buffer spring; 43. a third return spring; 44. a brake pad mechanism; 45. a third trapezoidal chute.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, it comprises a caliper mechanism 1, a brake disc 2 and an axle 3, wherein the brake disc 2 is mounted at one end of the axle 3 on the automobile; calliper mechanism 1 fixed mounting is on the car automobile body, and calliper mechanism 1 and brake disc 2 cooperate.
As shown in fig. 2, 7 and 13, the caliper mechanism 1 includes a fixed block 4, a first notch 5, a first trapezoidal sliding groove 6, an equalizing block 7, a second notch 8, a second trapezoidal sliding groove 9, a third trapezoidal sliding groove 45, a first trapezoidal slider 10, a second trapezoidal slider 11, a first connecting block 12, a first return spring 13, an expansion link 14, a second connecting block 15, a connecting shaft 22, a star wheel 23, a connecting shaft hole 24, a ring groove 25, a tapered threaded driving wheel 26, a first shaft 27, a worm wheel 28, a worm 29, a second shaft 30, a gear 31, a rack 32, a trapezoidal sliding strip 33, a third connecting block 34, a hydraulic cylinder 35, a hydraulic cylinder 36, a first positioning block 37, a second positioning block 38, a positioning plate 39, a positioning hole 40, a third positioning block 41, a third return spring 43 and a brake pad mechanism 44, wherein as shown in fig. 5, a first notch 5 is formed on a lower end surface of the fixed block 4; a first trapezoidal sliding groove 6 is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the first notch 5, and the first trapezoidal sliding groove 6 is perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the first notch 5; as shown in fig. 3, the fixed block 4 is fixedly mounted on the automobile body through the upper end surface thereof; as shown in fig. 6, the lower end surface of the equalizing block 7 is provided with a second notch 8; a second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the second notch 8, and the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 is perpendicular to two side faces in the inner wall of the second notch 8; a third trapezoidal sliding groove 45 is formed in the lower end face of the balancing block 7, and the third trapezoidal sliding groove 45 is perpendicular to the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9; the first trapezoidal sliding block 10 is arranged on the upper end face of the balancing block 7, and the first trapezoidal sliding block 10 is parallel to the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9; as shown in fig. 3, the balancing mass 7 is installed in the first notch 5 through the sliding fit of the first trapezoidal sliding block 10 and the first trapezoidal sliding groove 6; the brake disc 2 is positioned in the second cut-out 8 of the balancing mass 7; as shown in fig. 4, two third return springs 43 are symmetrically mounted on both side end faces of the balancing mass 7; as shown in fig. 3, both ends of each third return spring 43 are respectively connected with the inner wall of the first notch 5 and the side end face of the equalizing block 7; as shown in fig. 8, the lower end surface of the rack 32 has teeth; a trapezoidal sliding strip 33 is arranged on the upper end surface of the rack 32; as shown in fig. 2, the rack 32 is mounted on the lower end surface of the balancing mass 7 through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding strip 33 and the third trapezoidal sliding groove 45.
As shown in fig. 7, a second trapezoidal sliding block 11 is mounted on the upper end surface of the first connecting block 12; as shown in fig. 3, the first connecting block 12 is installed in the second notch 8 through the sliding fit of the second trapezoidal sliding block 11 and the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9; the telescopic rod 14 is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the first connecting block 12 through the upper end face of the telescopic rod; the lower end of the telescopic rod 14 is provided with a brake block mechanism 44; the brake pad mechanism 44 is connected to one side surface of the inner wall of the second cutout 8; as shown in fig. 4, the brake pad mechanism 44 is engaged with the brake disc 2; the side surface of the second notch 8 which is not connected with the brake pad mechanism 44 is matched with the brake disc 2; the first return spring 13 is nested outside the telescopic rod 14; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the first return spring 13 is connected to the lower end surface of the first connecting block 12, and the other end is connected to the brake pad mechanism 44; the connecting shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the brake pad mechanism 44 through the upper end surface thereof; as shown in fig. 16, a through connecting shaft hole 24 is formed between both end faces of the star wheel 23; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel 23 along the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 13, the star wheel 23 is fitted to the lower end of the connecting shaft 22 through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole 24 and the outer circumferential surface of the connecting shaft 22; the first positioning block 37 is mounted on the inner wall of the second cutout 8 through one side end face thereof; the first shaft 27 is mounted on the lower end face of the first positioning block 37 through one end face thereof; as shown in fig. 15, the shaft end of the first shaft 27 is in bearing fit with the first positioning block 37; the conical screw driving wheel 26 is installed on the first shaft 27 by the matching of the shaft hole on the conical screw driving wheel and the key 19 between the outer circular surface of the first shaft 27; the worm wheel 28 is installed on the first shaft 27 by the key 19 between the shaft hole on the worm wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft 27, and the worm wheel 28 is positioned below the conical thread driving wheel 26; as shown in fig. 13, the second positioning block 38 is mounted on the inner wall of the second notch 8 through one side end surface thereof; as shown in fig. 17, a through positioning hole 40 is formed between two side end faces of the positioning plate 39; as shown in fig. 13, the positioning plate 39 is mounted on the lower end surface of the second positioning block 38; one end of the second shaft 30 passes through a positioning hole 40 on the positioning plate 39; the second shaft 30 is mounted on the positioning plate 39 through a bearing fit between the outer circumferential surface thereof and the inner circumferential surface of the positioning hole 40; as shown in fig. 14, a worm 29 and a gear 31 are respectively installed at both ends of the second shaft 30; the worm 29 is located in the second cutout 8, and the worm 29 meshes with the worm wheel 28; the gear 31 is meshed with the rack 32; the hydraulic cylinder 36 is fixedly arranged on the side end surface of the balancing block 7 through a third positioning block 41; one end of the hydraulic column 35 is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder 36, and the other end is fixedly connected with the side end face of the rack 32 through the third connecting block 34.
As shown in fig. 10 and 18, the brake pad mechanism 44 includes a telescopic outer sleeve 16, a key slot 17, a telescopic column 18, a key 19, a brake pad 20, a second return spring 21, and a buffer spring 42, wherein as shown in fig. 8, the upper end surface of the second connecting block 15 is fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the telescopic rod 14; as shown in fig. 11, two key slots 17 are uniformly arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the telescopic outer sleeve 16 in the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 18, two telescopic casings 16 are symmetrically mounted on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block 15; a second return spring 21 is arranged on one side end face of the second connecting block 15 which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve 16; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the second return spring 21 is connected to the side end surface of the second connecting block 15, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the second notch 8; as shown in fig. 12, two keys 19 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of one end of the telescopic column 18 in the circumferential direction; as shown in fig. 9 and 10, two telescopic columns 18 are respectively installed in the two telescopic jackets 16 through the sliding fit of the keys 19 and the key slots 17; two buffer springs 42 are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves 16; one end of each buffer spring 42 is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve 16, and the other end is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column 18; as shown in fig. 18, one end of the two telescopic columns 18 is provided with a brake pad 20; one ends of the two telescopic columns 18 which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic outer sleeves 16 are fixedly connected with the brake pads 20; as shown in fig. 14, the brake pads 20 are engaged with the brake disc 2; as shown in fig. 8, the lower end surface of the second connecting block 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the connecting shaft 22.
As shown in fig. 7, the first return spring 13 is an extension spring.
As shown in fig. 7, the second return spring 21 is an extension spring.
As shown in fig. 3, the third return spring 43 is stretchable and compressible.
As shown in fig. 10, the buffer spring 42 is a compression spring.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic cylinder 36 is connected to a brake master cylinder of the vehicle through a hydraulic line.
The design purpose of the matching of the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the star wheel 23 is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 36 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 36 pushes the hydraulic column 35 to slide outwards the hydraulic cylinder 36; the hydraulic column 35 drives the worm 29 to rotate through the third connecting block 34, the rack 32, the gear 31 and the second shaft 30; the worm 29 drives the worm wheel 28 to rotate; the worm wheel 28 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to rotate through the first shaft 27; the star wheel 23 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the conical threaded driving wheel 26 relatively; because the radius of the conical thread is sharply reduced from top to bottom, the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move downwards, and simultaneously the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 23 drives the brake pad 20 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 22, the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the second return spring 21 is stretched; the second connecting block 15 drives the first connecting block 12 to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pad 20 is contacted with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; the contact area between the brake disc 20 and the brake disc 2 is gradually increased, the pressure born by the unit area of the contact part between the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 is reduced, the abrasion of the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 2 is weakened, and the service life of the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 is prolonged; the pressure of the brake pad 20 on the brake disc 2 is increased sharply, and further the friction force between the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad 20 to the brake disc 2 is gradually increased; the vehicle is gradually reduced in speed by the torque generated by the brake pads 20 on the brake disc 2 until the vehicle stops.
The design purpose of the worm 29 and the worm wheel 28 is that when the automobile needs to be braked in the advancing process, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 36 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 36 pushes the hydraulic column 35 to slide outwards the hydraulic cylinder 36; the hydraulic column 35 drives the worm 29 to rotate through the third connecting block 34, the rack 32, the gear 31 and the second shaft 30; the worm 29 drives the worm wheel 28 to rotate; the worm wheel 28 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to rotate through the first shaft 27; the star wheel 23 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the conical threaded driving wheel 26 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move transversely towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 23 drives the brake pad 20 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 22, the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the second return spring 21 is stretched; the second connecting block 15 drives the first connecting block 12 to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pad 20 is contacted with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; the pressure of the brake pad 20 on the brake disc 2 is increased sharply, and further the friction force between the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 is increased sharply; the torque generated by the brake pad 20 to the brake disc 2 is gradually increased; the speed of the automobile is gradually reduced under the action of the torque generated by the brake pad 20 on the brake disc 2 until the automobile stops; in the whole braking process, the brake disc 2 reacts on the worm 29 through the brake pad 20, the telescopic column 18, the telescopic outer sleeve 16, the second connecting block 15, the connecting shaft 22, the star wheel 23, the conical thread driving wheel 26 and the worm wheel 28; so that the action of the brake pad 20 on the brake disc 2 tends to be weakened; because the worm 29 has a self-locking function on the rotation of the worm wheel 28, under the condition that a driver continuously steps on the brake pedal, the torque of the brake pad 20 on the brake disc 2 cannot be weakened due to the reaction of the brake disc 2, and the braking effectiveness is further ensured.
The design purpose of the invention that the balancing block 7 slides in the first notch 5 along the first trapezoid sliding chute 6 in a reciprocating manner is that when a running automobile needs to be braked, a driver steps on a brake pedal; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 36 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 36 pushes the hydraulic column 35 to slide outwards the hydraulic cylinder 36; the hydraulic column 35 drives the worm 29 to rotate through the third connecting block 34, the rack 32, the gear 31 and the second shaft 30; the worm 29 drives the worm wheel 28 to rotate; the worm wheel 28 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to rotate through the first shaft 27; the star wheel 23 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the conical threaded driving wheel 26 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move transversely towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 23 drives the brake pad 20 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 22, the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2, and the buffer spring 42 is compressed; the second return spring 21 is stretched; the second connecting block 15 drives the first connecting block 12 to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; the brake pedal is continuously stepped, and the brake pad 20 is contacted with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; at this time, the reaction of the brake disc 2 on the brake pad 20 causes the brake pad 20 to drive the balancing block 7 to move reversely through the telescopic column 18, the telescopic outer sleeve 16, the second connecting block 15, the connecting shaft 22, the star wheel 23, the tapered threaded driving wheel 26, the first shaft 27 and the first positioning block 37; the side of the second cut-out 8 opposite to the brake disc 2 is close to the brake disc 2; the buffer spring 42 in the telescoping outer sleeve 16 releases a small portion of the energy and returns to a partial length; the brake pedal is continuously stepped on by adding force, and the brake pad 20 moves to the brake disc 2 again; the buffer spring 42 is compressed again; the brake disc 2 reacts against the brake pads 20 so that the sides in the second cut-outs 8 in the balancing mass 7 come further towards the brake disc 2; continuously applying force to tread the brake pedal until the side surface in the second notch 8 is contacted with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; the side surface in the second notch 8 and the brake pad 20 respectively act on two end surfaces of the brake disc 2; the stress of the brake disc 2 tends to be balanced, and the brake disc 2 is ensured not to be deformed or damaged due to unbalanced stress in the long-term braking process.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: when the automobile does not need to be braked, a driver does not step on a brake pedal, and the brake pad 20 is located at the initial position and does not move; in this case, only a small portion of the overlap area exists between the brake lining 20 and the brake disc 2.
When the automobile in the driving state brakes normally, a driver steps on a brake pedal lightly; the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 36 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 36 pushes the hydraulic column 35 to slide outwards the hydraulic cylinder 36; the hydraulic column 35 drives the worm 29 to rotate through the third connecting block 34, the rack 32, the gear 31 and the second shaft 30; the worm 29 drives the worm wheel 28 to rotate; the worm wheel 28 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to rotate through the first shaft 27; the star wheel 23 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the conical threaded driving wheel 26 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move downwards, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move transversely towards the brake disc 2; the star wheel 23 drives the brake pad 20 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and simultaneously move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 22, the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the second return spring 21 is stretched; the second connecting block 15 drives the first connecting block 12 to transversely slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; the brake pedal is continuously and gently stepped, and the brake pad 20 is contacted with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; under the action of the reaction force of the brake disc 2 on the brake pad 20, the side faces in the second notch 8 on the equalizing block 7 contact the brake disc 2 and generate friction, and the two third return springs 43 are stretched one by one and compressed the other; at this time, the pressure of the brake pad 20 and the equalizing block 7 on the brake disc 2 is small; the friction between the brake disc 2 and the brake pad 20 and the balance block 7 is also small; the automobile stops slowly under the action of smaller friction force; therefore, the light braking of the automobile in a non-emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to enable hydraulic oil with 36 forces of the hydraulic cylinder to flow back; the hydraulic column 35 returns to the initial position under the action of atmospheric pressure; the hydraulic column 35 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to reversely rotate to the initial position through the rack 32, the gear 31, the worm 29 and the worm wheel 28; the first return spring 13 and the second return spring 21 drive the brake pad 20 and the star wheel 23 to return to the initial position through the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the restoring forces of the two third return springs 43 cause the equalizer mass 7 to return to the initial position along the first trapezoidal sliding groove 6.
When the automobile in a running state is emergently braked, a driver forcibly steps on a brake pedal, and the brake pedal enables the vacuum booster to be started; the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to operate, so that the hydraulic oil instantly enters the hydraulic cylinder 36 under the action of pressure; the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder 36 pushes the hydraulic column 35 to slide outwards the hydraulic cylinder 36; the hydraulic column 35 drives the worm 29 to rotate through the third connecting block 34, the rack 32, the gear 31 and the second shaft 30; the worm 29 drives the worm wheel 28 to rotate; the worm wheel 28 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to rotate through the first shaft 27; the star wheel 23 moves along the conical threaded driving wheel 26 and the conical threaded driving wheel 26 relatively; the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move downwards rapidly, and meanwhile, the conical thread driving wheel 26 drives the star wheel 23 to move transversely and rapidly towards the brake disc 2; the second connecting block 15 drives the first connecting block 12 to transversely and rapidly slide along the second trapezoidal sliding groove 9 towards the brake disc 2 through the telescopic rod 14; the star wheel 23 drives the brake pad 20 to transversely move towards the brake disc 2 and rapidly move towards the center of the brake disc 2 along the radius of the circular surface of the brake disc 2 through the connecting shaft 22, the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the second return spring 21 is momentarily stretched; the brake disc 2 is in quick contact with the brake pad 20 and generates friction; the contact area between the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 is increased until the brake pad 20 is completely contacted with the brake disc 2; under the action of the reaction force of the brake disc 2 on the brake pad 20, the side face in the second notch 8 on the equalizing block 7 is in contact with the brake disc 2 and generates friction; at this time, because the contact area between the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 is increased, the pressure applied to the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 per unit area is reduced, the friction force between the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 per unit area is reduced, and the abrasion of the brake disc 2 and the brake disc 20 is effectively controlled; when the brake pad 20 is completely contacted with the brake disc 2, the pressure exerted on the brake disc 2 by the brake pad 20 reaches the maximum; under the combined action of the balance block 7 and the brake pad 20, the speed of the automobile is quickly reduced until the automobile stops, so that the heavy braking of the automobile in an emergency state is realized; when the vehicle stops, a driver releases a brake pedal, and the vacuum booster controls the brake master cylinder to enable hydraulic oil with 36 forces of the hydraulic cylinder to flow back; the hydraulic column 35 returns to the initial position under the action of atmospheric pressure; the hydraulic column 35 drives the conical threaded driving wheel 26 to reversely rotate to the initial position through the rack 32, the gear 31, the worm 29 and the worm wheel 28; the first return spring 13 and the second return spring 21 drive the brake pad 20 and the star wheel 23 to return to the initial position through the second connecting block 15, the telescopic outer sleeve 16 and the telescopic column 18; the restoring forces of the two third return springs 43 cause the equalizer mass 7 to return to the initial position along the first trapezoidal sliding groove 6.
In conclusion, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the braking process of the automobile, the contact area between the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 is increased, so that the friction force of the friction surface of the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 in unit area is reduced, the abrasion of the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 is effectively controlled, and the service lives of the brake pad 20 and the brake disc 2 are prolonged; in the braking process, when the brake pad 20 is in contact with the brake disc 2, the side face in the second notch 8 on the balancing block 7 is in contact with and rubs against the brake disc 2, so that the stress on the two end faces of the brake disc 2 is balanced, the brake disc 2 is prevented from being damaged due to long-term single-side stress, the replacement period of the brake disc 2 is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of an automobile braking system is reduced.
Claims (1)
1. A brake caliper for an automobile comprises a caliper mechanism, a brake disc and an axle, wherein the brake disc is arranged at one end of the axle on the automobile; the caliper mechanism is fixedly arranged on the automobile body and matched with the brake disc; the method is characterized in that:
the caliper mechanism comprises a fixed block, a first notch, a first trapezoid sliding groove, a balancing block, a second notch, a second trapezoid sliding groove, a third trapezoid sliding groove, a first trapezoid sliding block, a second trapezoid sliding block, a first connecting block, a first reset spring, a telescopic rod, a second connecting block, a connecting shaft, a star wheel, a connecting shaft hole, a ring groove, a tapered thread driving wheel, a first shaft, a worm wheel, a worm, a second shaft, a gear, a rack, a trapezoid sliding strip, a third connecting block, a hydraulic column, a hydraulic cylinder, a first positioning block, a second positioning block, a positioning plate, a positioning hole, a third positioning block, a third reset spring and a brake pad mechanism, wherein the lower end face of the fixed block is provided with the first notch; a first trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the first notch and is perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the first notch; the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the automobile body through the upper end surface of the fixed block; a second notch is formed in the lower end face of the balancing block; a second trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the upper end face of the inner wall of the second notch and is perpendicular to two side faces of the inner wall of the second notch; a third trapezoidal sliding groove is formed in the lower end face of the balancing block and is perpendicular to the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the first trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end face of the balancing block and is parallel to the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the equalizing block is arranged in the first notch through the sliding fit of the first trapezoidal sliding block and the first trapezoidal sliding groove; the brake disc is positioned in the second notch of the balancing block; two third return springs are symmetrically arranged on two side end surfaces of the balancing block; two ends of each third return spring are respectively connected with the inner wall of the first notch and the side end face of the balancing block; the lower end surface of the rack is provided with teeth; the upper end surface of the rack is provided with a trapezoidal sliding strip; the rack is arranged on the lower end surface of the balancing block through the sliding fit of the trapezoidal sliding strip and the third trapezoidal sliding groove;
a second trapezoidal sliding block is arranged on the upper end surface of the first connecting block; the first connecting block is arranged in the second notch through the sliding fit of the second trapezoidal sliding block and the second trapezoidal sliding groove; the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the first connecting block through the upper end face of the telescopic rod; the lower end of the telescopic rod is provided with a brake block mechanism; the brake pad mechanism is connected with one side surface of the inner wall of the second notch; the brake block mechanism is matched with the brake disc; the side surface of the second cut, which is not connected with the brake disc mechanism, is matched with the brake disc; the first return spring is nested at the outer side of the telescopic rod; one end of the first return spring is connected with the lower end face of the first connecting block, and the other end of the first return spring is connected with the brake pad mechanism; the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with the brake pad mechanism through the upper end surface of the connecting shaft; a through connecting shaft hole is formed between the two end faces of the star wheel; a chute is arranged on the outer circular surface of the star wheel along the circumferential direction; the star wheel is arranged at the lower end of the connecting shaft in a matching way through a bearing between the connecting shaft hole and the outer circular surface of the connecting shaft; the first positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the second notch through one side end face of the first positioning block; the first shaft is arranged on the lower end face of the first positioning block through one end face of the first shaft; the shaft end of the first shaft is matched with the first positioning block through a bearing; the conical thread driving wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the conical thread driving wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft; the worm wheel is arranged on the first shaft in a matched mode through a key between a shaft hole in the worm wheel and the outer circular surface of the first shaft, and the worm wheel is positioned below the conical threaded driving wheel; the second positioning block is arranged on the inner wall of the second notch through one side end surface of the second positioning block; a through positioning hole is formed between the two side end faces of the positioning plate; the positioning plate is arranged on the lower end face of the second positioning block; one end of the second shaft penetrates through a positioning hole in the positioning plate; the second shaft is arranged on the positioning plate in a matching way through a bearing between the outer circular surface of the second shaft and the inner circular surface of the positioning hole; the worm and the gear are respectively arranged at two ends of the second shaft; the worm is positioned in the second notch and meshed with the worm wheel; the gear is meshed with the rack; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side end face of the balancing block through a third positioning block; one end of the hydraulic column is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the hydraulic column is fixedly connected with the side end face of the rack through a third connecting block;
the brake pad mechanism comprises a telescopic outer sleeve, a key groove, a telescopic column, a key, a brake pad, a second return spring and a buffer spring, wherein the upper end face of a second connecting block is fixedly connected with the lower end face of the telescopic rod; two key grooves are uniformly formed in the inner circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic jackets are symmetrically arranged on two opposite side end faces of the second connecting block; a second reset spring is arranged on the end face of one side of the second connecting block which is not connected with the telescopic outer sleeve; one end of the second return spring is connected with the side end face of the second connecting block, and the other end of the second return spring is connected with the inner wall of the second notch; two keys are uniformly arranged on the outer circular surface of one end of the telescopic column in the circumferential direction; the two telescopic columns are respectively arranged in the two telescopic outer sleeves through the sliding fit of the keys and the key grooves; the two buffer springs are respectively positioned in the two telescopic outer sleeves; one end of each buffer spring is connected with the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic outer sleeve, and the other end of each buffer spring is connected with the end face of the corresponding telescopic column; one end of each telescopic column is provided with a brake pad; one ends of the two telescopic columns, which are not inserted into the corresponding telescopic jackets, are fixedly connected with the brake pad at the same time; the brake pad is matched with the brake disc; the lower end face of the second connecting block is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the connecting shaft;
the first return spring is an extension spring;
the second return spring is an extension spring;
the third return spring is stretchable and compressible;
the buffer spring is a compression spring;
the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a brake master cylinder on an automobile through a hydraulic pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911075407.XA CN110778622B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Brake caliper for automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911075407.XA CN110778622B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Brake caliper for automobile |
| CN201811031663.4A CN109050496B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Automobile brake caliper |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811031663.4A Division CN109050496B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Automobile brake caliper |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110778622A CN110778622A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
| CN110778622B true CN110778622B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811031663.4A Active CN109050496B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Automobile brake caliper |
| CN201911075407.XA Active CN110778622B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Brake caliper for automobile |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811031663.4A Active CN109050496B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Automobile brake caliper |
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| CN (2) | CN109050496B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112065891B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-04-01 | 湖北联统机械有限公司 | Brake caliper |
| CN112727954B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-06-13 | 浙江工业大学之江学院 | Electromechanical braking device, equipment and system |
| CN112833120B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-12 | 重庆奥特比汽车制动系统有限公司 | Ceramic brake pad structure and formula thereof |
| CN112744191B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-10-29 | 河南工业贸易职业学院 | Safety brake device for automobile |
| CN112810657B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-04-05 | 安徽理工大学 | Brake mechanism for storage battery electric locomotive in coal mine |
| CN113787993B (en) * | 2021-11-13 | 2022-02-25 | 杭州优协科技有限公司 | Pressing type emergency braking device and method for new energy automobile |
| CN114483842B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-03-12 | 黄山菲英汽车零部件有限公司 | High-efficiency brake drum brake sheet capable of compensating abrasion |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109050496B (en) | 2019-12-20 |
| CN110778622A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
| CN109050496A (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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