CN110777727A

CN110777727A - Frame type ecological caisson wharf structure

Info

Publication number: CN110777727A
Application number: CN201911146124.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴波; 李梅; 丁兆宽; 张宁川; 闫乃凌; 赵家兴; 李颖; 王志瑜; 马瑞; 关筱羽; 常江
Original assignee: CCCC First Harbour Consultants Co Ltd
Current assignee: CCCC First Harbour Consultants Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2020-02-11

Abstract

The invention provides a frame type ecological caisson wharf structure, which comprises a gravity type submerged caisson frame structure, a pile column and a frame, wherein the lower part of the frame structure adopts the gravity type submerged caisson frame structure, the upper part of the frame structure adopts the pile column structure, the pile column position is adapted to the cross line position of a caisson wall body, and the caisson and the pile column are prefabricated together; filling fillers such as rock blocks or sand into the caisson according to the stability requirement; the pile tops are cast in situ with concrete slabs to form dock faces. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the four basic units of the submerged caisson, the pile, the backfill and the large plate simultaneously meet the requirements of stability, usability, openness and ecology; the method not only can adapt to rock foundation conditions and meet the basic use function of the wharf, but also ensures the flow and exchange of water bodies inside and outside the port and reduces the influence of the wharf structure on the sea water area environment; the pile column open structure greatly reduces the wave reflection at the front edge of the wharf and improves the ship berthing condition; the benthic area is manually set through the backfill in the caisson, which is beneficial to the recovery and growth of benthic organisms; simple structure, construction convenience, easily popularization.

Description

Frame type ecological caisson wharf structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a building structure in the field of coastal engineering and port engineering, and particularly relates to a frame type ecological caisson wharf structure.

Background

The national policy has increasingly strict requirements on ecological environment protection, the influence on marine ecology is required to be reduced during port engineering production and construction activities, the flow and exchange of marine water bodies are ensured, and a permeable structural type and an ecological friendly material are selected.

At present, the open wharfs mostly adopt a high-pile wharf structure, and the open wharf structure comprises an upper structure (beam slab or pier), a pile foundation, a shore connection structure and the like. The upper structure forms a wharf surface and is connected with the pile foundation into a whole, directly bears the vertical and horizontal loads acting on the wharf surface and transmits the loads to the pile foundation; the pile foundation is used for supporting the upper structure, transmitting the load of the upper structure and the wharf surface to the deep part of the foundation and simultaneously being beneficial to stabilizing the bank slope; the main function of the docking structure is to connect the dock structure with the land area of the port. The wharf structure is suitable for various foundations suitable for pile sinking, and is particularly suitable for soft soil foundations. However, for the foundation with shallow rock base, the pile foundation needs to be processed by rock embedding, the construction difficulty is large, and the construction cost is high.

For foundation harbor areas, the most suitable wharf structure is a gravity caisson or a block structure. In order to meet the requirement of air permeability, the existing rock foundation mostly adopts a perforated caisson structure. Some open holes on the breast wall, some open holes on the upper part of the caisson, and some open holes on the bottom of the caisson. The breakwater with the holes on the breast wall and the upper part of the caisson mainly utilizes the kinetic energy of waves to dissipate energy, reduces the wave force of the vertical breakwater of the open caisson, reduces the wave height behind the breakwater and reduces the wave-crossing amount, thereby reducing the engineering amount and saving the investment, for example, the open breakwater with the holes and the vertical breakwater of the open caisson disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. CN201710000810.0 and the open breakwater with the combination of the open caisson and the jet wave-blocking wall disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201811194379.9. The breakwater with the hole formed in the bottom of the caisson allows water bodies inside and outside the harbor to be exchanged, is eco-friendly, and can be used as a biological channel to develop marine culture, for example, the permeable breakwater with the hole formed in the bottom of the caisson, disclosed in the Chinese patent application No. 201811314310.5. The open caisson patents are all used for opening the holes in the structure, and are mainly used for wave dissipation and proper improvement of water body exchange; in order to ensure the safety of the structure, the aperture ratio is relatively low and the water exchange capacity is not large; and open caisson is mostly applied in breakwater structure and not applied in wharf structure. Therefore, the method has important significance in the aspects of reducing the construction cost, improving the water body exchange, protecting the marine ecology and the like by researching the open wharf structure suitable for the rock foundation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a frame type ecological caisson wharf structure. Through combining the advantages of two kinds of wharf structures of gravity type caisson and pile foundation together to adapt to the rock-based geology, reduce engineering cost, improve water exchange capacity, artificially set benthonic area, be favorable to the recovery and the growth of benthonic organisms, satisfy the requirement of present national policy to ecological environmental protection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure comprises a frame-type submerged caisson, a pile, a large plate and backfill. The lower part of the wharf adopts a submerged caisson structure to adapt to the rock-based geology, the caisson is arranged in a connecting piece mode, the caisson is submerged underwater, the top elevation is lower than the extremely low water level, and the water body exchange at the upper part is guaranteed; the middle part adopts a pile structure, the position of the pile is adapted to the intersection line position of the caisson wall, and the caisson and the pile are prefabricated together; the pile column penetrates into a bottom plate of the caisson through a wall intersection line of the caisson to form a frame structure with the caisson and bear force together; fillers such as rock blocks or sand are backfilled in the caisson, so that the overall stability of the wharf structure is improved, and the benthonic area is manually set, so that the recovery and growth of benthonic organisms are facilitated; the pile tops are cast in situ with concrete slabs to form dock faces.

Preferably, the top of the frame-type caisson can be provided with a structure for strengthening the integral rigidity, such as a cabin sealing cover plate or a frame-type rib beam.

Preferably, the caisson may have a square, rectangular or circular cross-sectional shape.

Preferably, the wharf superstructure can be a cast-in-place large plate structure or a longitudinal beam and panel structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention only adopts four basic units of the submerged caisson, the pile, the large plate and the backfill, and has the advantages of simple structural form, quick and convenient construction and easy popularization.

(2) The invention creatively provides a frame type ecological caisson concept, combines the advantages of gravity type caissons and pile foundation wharf structures, can adapt to rock foundation conditions, meets the basic use function of the wharf, reduces the construction cost, ensures the flow and exchange of water inside and outside the port, and reduces the influence of the wharf structure on marine ecological environment.

(3) The upper pile column through-air structure can greatly reduce the wave reflection at the front edge of the wharf and improve the ship berthing condition.

(4) The benthic area is manually set by the backfill in the caisson, which is beneficial to the recovery and growth of benthic organisms.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the wharf axis of a frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of the invention;

fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of the invention.

1. Lower frame type submersible caisson 2 and middle pile

3. Upper large plate 4, backfill material

Detailed Description

The frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the main structure of the frame-type ecological caisson wharf is composed of a frame-type submerged caisson 1 located at the lower part of the wharf, a pile 2 located at the middle part of the wharf, a large plate 3 located at the upper part of the wharf and a backfill 4 in the caisson.

The lower submerged caissons 1 are arranged in a connected manner and submerged underwater, and the top elevation is lower than the extremely low water level so as to ensure the exchange of the upper water body; the position of the middle pile 2 is adapted to the intersection point position of the wall body of the caisson 1, and the caisson 1 and the pile 2 are prefabricated together; the pile 2 is inserted into the bottom plate of the caisson 1 through the wall intersection line of the caisson 1, forms a frame structure with the caisson 1 and is stressed together; fillers 4 such as rock blocks or sand are backfilled in the caisson 1, so that the overall stability of the wharf structure can be improved, and the benthic area is artificially arranged at the top of the caisson, so that the benthic organisms can be recovered and grown; large concrete slabs 3 are cast in place on top of the piles 2 to form a dock face. According to specific construction conditions and filling conditions, the top of the caisson 1 can adopt modes of a cabin sealing cover plate or a frame type rib beam and the like, so that the integral rigidity of the structure is enhanced, and the safety of the structure is ensured.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an ecological caisson wharf structure of frame-type which characterized in that: the device comprises a gravity type submersible caisson at the lower part, a pile column at the middle part and a wharf working face at the upper part, wherein the pile column is positioned on a frame upright column formed by intersecting all wall bodies of the submersible caisson and is integrally formed.

2. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 1, wherein: the gravity type submerged caisson is a frame type submerged caisson and is filled with backfill.

3. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 1, wherein: the submerged caisson is square, rectangular or round.

4. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of any one of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the top of the submerged caisson is provided with an integral reinforcing structure.

5. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 4, wherein: the integral reinforcing structure is a cabin sealing cover plate or a frame type rib beam.

6. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 1, wherein: the wharf working face is a cast-in-place large plate structure or a structure of paving a panel on a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam which are positioned on the pile column frame.

7. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 2, wherein: the frame type caisson is used for a shore-following wharf or a jetty type wharf.

8. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 1, wherein: the submerged caisson structure is used for rock-based geology and is arranged in a connected mode, the caisson is submerged underwater, the top elevation of the caisson is lower than an extremely low water level, and water body exchange at the upper portion is guaranteed.

9. A frame-type ecological caisson wharf structure of claim 1, wherein: the submersible caisson is provided with an opening.