CN110735709A

CN110735709A - air-cooled turbocharger

Info

Publication number: CN110735709A
Application number: CN201910960070.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Wenzhou Yinuo Wei Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Wenzhou Yinuo Wei Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-10
Filing date: 2019-10-10
Publication date: 2020-01-31

Abstract

The invention discloses air-cooled turbochargers which comprise a turbine, a volute formed on the periphery of the turbine, a compressor impeller, a compressor shell formed on the periphery of the compressor impeller, a shaft formed between the turbine and the compressor impeller, a bearing assembly formed on the periphery of the shaft, a cooling component arranged on the bearing assembly in a matched mode, and an exhaust runner arranged on the high-pressure side of the compressor shell and connected to the cooling component.

Description

air-cooled turbocharger

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of automobile parts, and particularly relates to air-cooled turbochargers.

Background

The inertia impulse of the exhaust gas from the engine is used to drive the turbine in the turbine chamber, the turbine drives the coaxial impeller, the impeller pumps the air sent from the air filter pipeline to boost the air into the cylinder, in recent years, energy saving and environmental protection are becoming stricter, the turbocharger is which is the means for solving the problem, the service life and failure of the existing turbocharger are which is the problems faced by the existing turbocharger when the existing turbocharger works at high temperature.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, it is a technical object of the present invention to provide types of air-cooled turbochargers.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the structure of the air-cooled turbocharger of the present application is, include:

the compressor comprises a turbine, a volute formed on the periphery of the turbine, a compressor impeller and a compressor shell formed on the periphery of the compressor impeller;

a shaft formed between the turbine and the compressor impeller;

a bearing assembly formed on the outer periphery of the shaft, the bearing assembly being fitted with a cooling member;

the high-pressure side of the compressor shell is provided with an exhaust flow passage which is connected to a cooling part, wherein the compressor is of a centrifugal type, the high-pressure side can be a position where a compressor impeller compresses gas to set pressure or a position where a volute of the compressor shell is connected with a diffuser, the compressor shell and the cooling part can be directly connected through a pipeline to form integration with the compressor shell, the volute and the compressor shell can be of a -type structure and jointly form a shell of the turbocharger, the cooling part comprises an inner cylinder, a middle cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the middle cylinder, an engine oil flow passage is formed in front of the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder, a cooling gas flow passage is formed among the inner cylinder, the middle cylinder and the outer cylinder, and a plurality of heat transfer fins are formed.

In the structure, steps are carried out, a branch channel for communicating the air inlet side and the air outlet side of the turbine is arranged in the volute, a control valve is arranged in the branch channel, a control shaft of the control valve penetrates through the volute wall and is connected with a control structure outside the volute, a spacer is arranged between the volute wall and the control shaft, the control shaft can rotate freely in the spacer, the part, located inside the volute, of the spacer is provided with an expanding part gradually enlarging towards the inside of the volute, the volute is provided with a concave part tightly fitted with the expanding part, the end surface, facing the inside of the volute, of the expanding part is provided with at least two sealing steps, a shoulder part matched with the sealing steps is formed on the control shaft, the end surfaces, matched with at least sealing steps and the shoulder part, of the sealing steps with arc structures are arc structures, at least sealing steps with arc structures comprise annular arc structures, and deformation parts, arranged between the arc structures and the end surfaces, facing the inside of the volute, are lower and are provided with symmetrical break angles in the left and right, and the deformation parts are hollow structures.

In the structure, steps are carried out, the structure of the shaft comprises a shaft section, a second shaft section and a third shaft section, wherein the shaft section, the second shaft section carries a bearing assembly and a compressor impeller, the third shaft section is connected between the shaft section and the second shaft section, the third shaft section comprises a connecting inner cylinder, the connecting inner cylinder is connected to the end face of the shaft section and the end face of the second shaft section, a metal framework is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting inner cylinder, a groove capable of being used for installing a ceramic piece welded to the shaft section and the second shaft section is formed in the metal framework, the ceramic piece is in a strip shape with two large ends, the metal framework is welded with the ceramic piece, and the metal framework is not in contact with the.

In the above structure, , the bearing assembly includes a bearing shell and a bearing seat for supporting the bearing shell, the bearing seat has end covers on two sides, and the outer circumference of the bearing shell has several flow passages communicated with the side air passages.

In the above configuration, , the main air passage is also communicated to the turbine side.

In the above configuration, , a ring body made of material which is at least 1.5 times as stiff as the spacer is fitted into the inner circumferential surface of the spacer at the position of the enlarged portion.

In the above structure, , an annular groove structure is formed on the outer periphery of the control shaft at a position where the enlarged portion is provided.

In the above structure, , the flow channel is a net structure having a plurality of gas inlets and gas outlets.

In the above structure, , the connecting structure between the flow channel and the side air channel is a sleeve body that is arranged on the periphery of the side air channel and is in sliding fit with the shaft, and a flow guide shell for gas circulation is arranged between the sleeve body and the bearing bush.

In the above structure, , an automatic valve is disposed in the flow channel of the sleeve body, a temperature sensor is cooperatively mounted on the bearing assembly, and the automatic valve and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with the controller.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the low-temperature gas at the impeller of the compressor is introduced into the bearing cooling part, so that the bearing can be continuously cooled, and the cooling efficiency is improved;

2. the control valve structure is arranged, so that the sealing between the control valve and the turbine is reliable, the work of the control valve is not limited, and the problem that the control valve shaft is clamped or the rotating friction force is large is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a turbocharger;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooling member;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of the bearing assembly;

fig. 4, 5, 6 are schematic structural views of the shaft;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the control shaft and volute wall of the control valve;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another configuration of the control shaft and volute wall of the control valve;

FIG. 9 is a structural view of the deformable portion.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The air-cooled turbocharger shown in fig. 1 to 9 includes:

the turbine 1 and a volute 2 formed on the periphery of the turbine, the compressor impeller 3 and a compressor housing 4 formed on the periphery of the compressor impeller 3, wherein the compressor impeller 3 and the compressor housing form a compressor; a shaft 5 formed between the turbine 1 and the compressor impeller 3 to perform a power transmission function; a bearing assembly 6 installed on the outer circumference of the shaft, supporting the shaft, and lubricating the rotation of the shaft; the cooling component 20 comprises an inner cylinder 201, a middle cylinder 202 sleeved outside the inner cylinder, and an outer cylinder 203 sleeved outside the middle cylinder, wherein an engine oil flow passage is formed in front of the inner cylinder 201 and the middle cylinder 202, a cooling gas flow passage is formed between the inner cylinder 201, the middle cylinder 202 and the outer cylinder 203, a plurality of heat transfer fins 204 are formed in the cooling gas flow passage, and a fluid director 205 is further arranged in the inner cylinder, wherein the heat transfer fins are also arranged in the engine oil flow passage, and the flowing direction of the engine oil and the flowing direction of the cooling gas can be the same or opposite.

A bearing unit 6 formed on the outer periphery of the shaft, the bearing unit 6 being fitted with a cooling member 20;

the high-pressure side of the compressor shell 4 is provided with an exhaust flow passage 5, the exhaust flow passage 5 is connected to the cooling part 20, wherein the compressor is in a centrifugal type, the high-pressure side can be a position where the compressor impeller 3 compresses gas to set pressure or a position where a volute of the compressor shell is connected with the diffuser 30, the compressor shell 4 and the cooling part can be directly connected through a pipeline to form integration with the compressor shell.

The volute 2 and the compressor housing 4 can be of body type structures and jointly form a shell of the turbocharger, so that the assembly process can be reduced, and the structural integrity is improved.

More specifically, the present embodiment may adopt that a branch channel 101 communicating an air inlet side and an air outlet side of the turbine 1 is arranged in the volute 2, a control valve 102 is arranged in the branch channel 101 so as to be capable of controlling whether exhaust gas passes through the turbine 1, a control shaft 103 of the control valve 102 passes through a wall of the volute 2 to be connected with a control structure outside the volute, a spacer 104 is installed between the wall of the volute 2 and the control shaft 103, the control shaft 103 is capable of freely rotating in the spacer, rotation of the control shaft 103 can control an opening and closing state of the valve 102, a portion of the spacer 104 located inside the volute 2 has an expansion portion 105 gradually expanding in a direction toward an inner side of the volute, the volute 2 is provided with a recess 106 closely fitted with the expansion portion 105, the end face of the expansion portion 105 facing an inner side of the volute is provided with at least two sealing steps 107, the control shaft 103 is provided with a shoulder portion 108 fitted with each sealing step 107, the number of the shoulder portions 108 needs to be determined according to the number of the sealing steps, wherein at least sealing steps 107 are provided with arc-shaped structures 109, wherein at least are provided with arc-shaped sealing structures including an arc-shaped structure which has a smaller axial deformation effect of the axial deformation and a smaller deformation when the arc-shaped sealing structure deformation is provided between the arc-shaped sealing structure, and the arc-shaped sealing structure is provided with a smaller deformation, so as compared to the arc-shaped sealing structure, the arc-shaped expansion portion 35deformation structure, and the arc-shaped sealing structure, the arc-shaped sealing structure is provided with a.

More specifically, the present embodiment can adopt a structure of the shaft 5 including a th shaft segment 501 connected with the turbine side, a second shaft segment 502 carrying the bearing assembly 6 and the compressor impeller, and a third shaft segment 503 connected between the th shaft segment 501 and the second shaft segment 502, in which the third shaft segment 503 includes a connecting inner cylinder 504 connected with the end faces of the th shaft segment 501 and the second shaft segment 502, the outer periphery of the connecting inner cylinder 504 is sleeved with a metal skeleton 505, the metal skeleton 505 is provided with a groove 507 capable of installing a ceramic 506 welded to the th shaft segment 501 and the second shaft segment 502, the ceramic 506 is configured as a strip with two larger ends, the metal skeleton 505 is welded to the ceramic, wherein the metal skeleton is not in contact with the connecting inner cylinder.

More specifically, in this embodiment, the bearing assembly 6 includes a bearing bush 61 and a bearing seat 62 for supporting the bearing bush, end caps 63 are disposed on two sides of the bearing seat 62, a plurality of flow channels 611 communicated with side gas channels are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the bearing bush 61 to largely remove heat in the bearing, the flow channels 611 have various designs, and may have a mesh structure with a plurality of gas inlets and gas outlets, such as a mesh structure, or a tree structure, or other shapes.

More specifically, in the present embodiment, the main air passage 51 is also connected to the turbine 1 side, so that the low-temperature gas can be introduced into the turbine with high temperature, as shown in fig. 2, and the turbine with high temperature can be cooled.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the control shaft 103 may be provided with an annular groove structure 110 at a position where the enlarged portion is formed on the outer periphery thereof, the groove structure 110 may be provided so that when the spacer is pressed and deformed outward, the enlarged portion of the spacer presses the outer periphery, and the groove structure 110 may be provided so as to prevent the pressing.

As an alternative to the groove structure provided on the shaft, as shown in fig. 8, an annular body 111 made of material having a rigidity at least 1.5 times higher than that of the spacer 104 is embedded in the inner circumferential surface of the spacer 104 at the position of the enlarged portion, and the inner diameter of the annular body 111 is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the spacer, and may be 1.2 times, 1.8 times, 2 times, 2.5 times, 3 times, 3.5 times, 4 times, 5 times, etc., preferably a material having a larger rigidity, for example, which can ensure that the spacer does not squeeze the control shaft under pressure.

More specifically, the connection structure between the flow channel 611 and the side air channel is a sleeve body 7 disposed on the outer periphery of the side air channel and slidably engaged with the shaft, and a flow guide shell 8 for air circulation is disposed between the sleeve body and the bearing bush 61, so that the cool air can be smoothly introduced into the bearing assembly to take away heat in the bearing assembly.

More specifically, in this embodiment, it can be adopted that an automatic valve is arranged in the flow channel of the sleeve body 7, a temperature sensor is cooperatively mounted on the bearing assembly, and the automatic valve and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with the control unit, so that the size of the cooling air flow to the bearing can be controlled according to the temperature in the bearing assembly.

Therefore, the turbocharger solves a plurality of practical problems of the existing turbocharger, and has great practical value in the future.

Although the present application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

An air-cooled turbocharger of the type , comprising:

the device comprises a turbine (1), a volute (2) formed on the periphery of the turbine, a compressor impeller (3) and a compressor housing (4) formed on the periphery of the compressor impeller (3);

a shaft (5) formed between the turbine (1) and the compressor impeller (3);

a bearing unit (6) formed on the outer periphery of the shaft, the bearing unit (6) being fitted with a cooling member (20);

an exhaust flow passage (5) is arranged on the high-pressure side of the compressor shell (4), and the exhaust flow passage (5) is connected to the cooling component (20).
2. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the cooling member (20) comprises an inner cylinder (201), an intermediate cylinder (202) sleeved outside the inner cylinder, and an outer cylinder (203) sleeved outside the intermediate cylinder, an oil flow passage is formed in front of the inner cylinder (201) and the intermediate cylinder (202), a cooling gas flow passage is formed between the inner cylinder (201), the intermediate cylinder (202), and the outer cylinder (203), and a plurality of heat transfer fins (204) are formed in the cooling gas flow passage.
3. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein a branch channel (101) for communicating an air inlet side and an air outlet side of the turbine (1) is arranged in the volute (2), an control valve (102) is arranged in the branch channel (101), a control shaft (103) of the control valve (102) passes through the wall of the volute (2) to be connected with a control structure outside the volute, a spacer (104) is arranged between the wall of the volute (2) and the control shaft (103), a part of the spacer (104) located inside the volute (2) is provided with an expansion part (105) which gradually expands towards the inside of the volute, a concave part (106) which is tightly fitted with the expansion part (105) is arranged on the volute (2), at least two sealing steps (107) are arranged on an end face of the partition (105) facing the inside of the volute, a shoulder (108) which is fitted with each sealing step (107) is formed on the control shaft (103), and an end face, where at least of the sealing steps (107) are fitted with the shoulder (108), is an arc-shaped structure (109).
4. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the structure of the shaft (5) comprises shaft sections (501) connected with the turbine side, a second shaft section (502) carrying the bearing assembly (6) and the compressor impeller, and a third shaft section (503) connected between the shaft section (501) and the second shaft section (502) which are connected in sequence, the third shaft section (503) comprises a connecting inner cylinder (504) connected to the end faces of the shaft section (501) and the second shaft section (502), a metal framework (505) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the connecting inner cylinder (504), grooves (507) capable of being used for installing ceramic pieces (506) welded to the shaft section (501) and the second shaft section (502) are formed in the metal framework (506) which is a strip body with two large ends, the metal framework (505) is welded with the ceramic pieces, and the metal framework is not in contact with the connecting inner cylinder.
5. An air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the bearing assembly (6) comprises a bearing shell (61) and a bearing housing (62) for supporting the bearing shell, and the bearing shell (61) is provided with a plurality of flow passages (611) on its outer circumferential surface, which communicate with the side gas passages.
6. An air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein the main air passage (51) is also connected to the turbine (1) side.
7. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 2, wherein an annular body (111) made of a material having a rigidity at least 1.5 times or more the rigidity of the spacer (104) is fitted in a position of the enlarged portion of the inner peripheral surface of the spacer (104).
8. An air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 2, wherein the control shaft (103) is formed with an annular groove structure (110) at a position where the enlarged portion is provided on the outer periphery.
9. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 5, wherein the connecting structure between the flow channel (611) and the side air channel is a sleeve body (7) which is arranged on the periphery of the side air channel and is in sliding fit with the shaft, and a flow guide shell (8) for gas circulation is arranged between the sleeve body and the bearing bush (61); an automatic valve is arranged in a flow channel of the sleeve body (7), a temperature sensor is installed on the bearing assembly in a matching mode, and the automatic valve and the temperature sensor are respectively connected with the control device.
10. The air-cooled turbocharger according to claim 3, wherein at least sealing steps having an arc structure comprise an annular arc structure and a deformation portion provided between the arc structure and an end face of the expansion portion facing the inside of the volute, the deformation portion having a cross-sectional shape parallel to each other in the vertical direction and having symmetrical break angles (1121) in the left and right direction, and being provided with a hollow structure (1122).