CN110713287A - Calcium hard water softening device, system and method - Google Patents
Calcium hard water softening device, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110713287A CN110713287A CN201911104553.0A CN201911104553A CN110713287A CN 110713287 A CN110713287 A CN 110713287A CN 201911104553 A CN201911104553 A CN 201911104553A CN 110713287 A CN110713287 A CN 110713287A
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 242
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011361 granulated particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 CaCO)3 Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F2001/5218—Crystallization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/05—Conductivity or salinity
- C02F2209/055—Hardness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/11—Turbidity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/02—Softening water by precipitation of the hardness
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a calcium hard water softening device, a system and a method, wherein the device, the system and the method comprise the following steps: the device comprises a calcium hard water softening device, a water outlet area, a stripping area, a granulation area, a reaction area, an observation area, a water inlet area, a maturation area, a separation device, a recovery device, a water inlet pipe, a PFS dosing device, a water inlet sampling device, a remote flow meter, a sodium hydroxide dosing device, a sodium carbonate dosing device, a carrier dosing device, a water outlet pipe, a produced water sampling device, a PH meter, a sulfuric acid dosing device and a particle discharge pipe. According to the calcium hard water softening device, the system and the method, PFS, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate can be added according to water quality, calcium carbonate particles and magnesium hydroxide crystals are finally formed in the calcium hard water softening device and discharged, sludge is not generated, and meanwhile, the calcium carbonate particles are recycled to a desulfurization system for recycling, so that the sludge disposal cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calcium hard water softening device, a system and a method, belonging to the technical field of water treatment.
Background
When high-hardness water is used as industrial water or wastewater, the temporary hardness of the water can be decomposed into calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, and the precipitates are deposited on the inner wall of equipment to form scale, so that the problems of reduction of heat exchange efficiency of the equipment, fouling and blocking of a reverse osmosis membrane and the like can be caused.
Conventional hardness removal techniques include ion exchange methods, membrane softening methods, electrodialysis methods, chemical agent methods (lime softening methods). The removal of metal ions which lead to a high hardness of the water, such as Ca2+、Mg2+The removal of (2) is carried out by adopting an ion exchange method and a lime softening method at most; however, the ion exchange method has high cost, is greatly influenced by the quality of raw water, and is easy to generate secondary pollution; the lime softening method has the defects of poor treatment effect, large sewage discharge amount, complex operation management and the like; in practical application, the methods have various technical problems, such as large occupied area, low treatment efficiency, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a calcium hard water softening device, a system and a method, which have the advantages of high treatment efficiency, stable water outlet effect, simple operation and management and no generation of any by-product.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an apparatus, system and method for softening calcium hard water, the apparatus, system and method comprising: the device comprises a calcium hard water softening device, a water outlet area, a stripping area, a granulation area, a reaction area, an observation area, a water inlet area, a maturation area, a separation device, a recovery device, a water inlet pipe, a PFS dosing device, a water inlet sampling device, a remote flow meter, a sodium hydroxide dosing device, a sodium carbonate dosing device, a carrier dosing device, a water outlet pipe, a produced water sampling device, a PH meter, a sulfuric acid dosing device and a particle discharge pipe.
A water inlet area, a reaction area, a granulation area, a stripping area, a maturation area and a water outlet area are sequentially arranged in a barrel cavity of the outer barrel from the bottom to the top, wherein the water inlet area is positioned at the bottom of the outer barrel, the reaction area is positioned at the upper part of the water inlet area, and the bottom of the inner barrel is positioned; the granulation zone is an area within the inner barrel; the stripping area is a partial area close to the upper part of the inner cylinder and an area above the inner cylinder; the ripening zone is the area between the inner barrel and the outer barrel;
the water inlet area is provided with a water inlet, the reaction area is provided with a chemical feeding port, the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet, the upper part of the outer barrel is provided with a carrier feeding port, and the bottom of the ripening area is provided with a particle discharge port;
the calcium hard water enters the calcium hard water softening device from the water inlet to be mixed and reacted with the hardness removing agent added from the dosing port to generate precipitate, and the precipitate is adsorbed on the surface of the carrier added from the carrier feeding port to form crystal particles;
the calcium hard water and the crystal particles circularly move among the water inlet area, the reaction area, the granulating area, the peeling area and the ripening area, chemical crystallization granulation is realized in the circulating process so as to soften the calcium hard water, the obtained softened water enters the water outlet area and is discharged from the water outlet, and the crystal particles grow to a certain degree and settle to a particle discharge port of the outer cylinder in the ripening area to be discharged;
the water inlet area is distributed with water by adopting a cross master-slave pipe, the water outlet area adopts a perforated plate and a water cap, the sodium hydroxide dosing in the reaction area is realized by punching a ring pipe, the hole is phi 1 ~ 10, the sodium carbonate dosing in the reaction area is realized by punching a ring pipe, the hole is phi 1 ~ 3, the separation device is provided with a filter screen, the hole is 100 ~ 150 meshes and is made of 304 materials;
the carrier feeding port is arranged at the upper part of the mature area or the granulation area; the lower part in the inner cylinder is also provided with a stirrer; the agitator is preferably a lift agitator;
the calcium hard water softening device, the PFS dosing device, the sodium hydroxide dosing device, the sodium carbonate dosing device, the carrier dosing device and the sulfuric acid dosing device are arranged in the water tank; the PFS dosing device is connected with a PFS dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for breaking the dispersing capacity of a scale inhibitor; the carrier feeding device is connected with a carrier feeding port of the calcium hard water softening device; the sodium hydroxide dosing device is connected with a dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for adding the hardness removing agent; the sodium carbonate dosing device is connected with a dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for adding the permanent hardness removing medicament; the sulfuric acid dosing device is connected with the calcium hard water softening device and is used for adding sulfuric acid and dosing;
the carrier adding device comprises a carrier conveyer, a carrier mixing box and a carrier conveying pump, wherein the carrier mixing box is used for storing the carrier and distributing the carrier to the conveying pump;
the calcium hard water softening system comprises 2-3 calcium hard water softening devices;
a calcium hard water softening process comprising:
firstly, inputting calcium hard water into the bottom of the calcium hard water softening device, so that the calcium hard water is lifted from bottom to top in the inner cylinder and then falls off from the outer part of the inner cylinder, thus forming a cycle;
step two, putting a carrier through the carrier putting port, and forming a fluidization area at the lower part in the inner cylinder; adding hardness-removing agents through related medicine adding openings of the reaction zone to enable calcium hard water and the hardness-removing agents to be mixed and react, and then enabling the carrier to grow into crystal particles through tiny crystals generated by adsorption reaction when the carrier flows through the fluidized zone; softened water gradually enters the water outlet zone and is discharged through the water outlet, the crystallized particles enter the bottom of the ripening zone and are discharged to a separation device through a particle discharge pipe, solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solids are recovered, the liquid enters the recovery device, and the water is returned to the water inlet pipe;
the added carrier is mineral matter with the density of 6000kg/m3, the granularity of the carrier is 100 ~ 500 mu m, the hardness removing agent is PFS, sodium hydroxide and soda ash, the addition amount is 5 ~ 30ppm, the sodium hydroxide is 1 ~ 2 times of temporary hardness in water, and the soda ash is 1 ~ 2 times of permanent hardness to be removed;
the hardness removing agent is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, PFS is added according to water quality, a water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet sample, incoming water can be sampled and tested, and simultaneously the agent is added for simulation so as to determine the optimal dosage, when the incoming water is surface water and underground water, no other chemical adding treatment is carried out in the water, PFS can not be added, but when the water source is reclaimed water or circulating sewage or water treated by other agents, PFS is required to be added, and the adding amount is determined according to a beaker test, when the molar equivalent of calcium hard and bicarbonate in the water is more than 1.5mmol, NAOH is added, the PH value is controlled to be about 10.5 so as to achieve 50 percent of calcium removal rate, and when the content of calcium removed is required to be more than the content of bicarbonate in the water, 1 ~ 2 times of sodium carbonate is added according to calculation so as to achieve the removal effect;
the calcium hard water softening system and the calcium hard water softening method have the advantages that calcium and bicarbonate in water react simultaneously by increasing the pH value through sodium hydroxide or react with sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate is attached to crystals in a granulation area and gradually grows into calcium carbonate particles in the water, a water inlet pipe is provided with a sampling port and an online calcium hardness instrument, water quality can be monitored manually and online, the sampling port and the online calcium hardness instrument on a water outlet pipe can perform manual sampling and online calcium hardness feedback and are linked with a dosing device to check dosing, automatic dosing can be achieved, a sulfuric acid dosing device arranged on the water outlet pipe is used for adding sulfuric acid and is linked with a pH meter to control the pH value to be 6 ~ 9 to meet the requirements of end users, after solid and liquid enter a separation device, water and particles smaller than 1mm flow out from the bottom and the side through filter screens and enter a recovery water tank of the recovery device, then are connected to the water inlet pipe through a pump and a pipeline to be recovered, small particles grow, the water is recycled, when the particle size formed according to observation area, the particle size is about 1 ~ 5mm, automatic discharging is started, discharging of particles is performed, the water inflow amount is combined with experience, the ball valve is discharged at regular time, and is discharged, and is automatically added into.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1) The calcium hard water softening system and method provided by the invention adopt the chemical crystallization circulating granulation fluidized bed to remove the hardness in water, and add chemical agents into the water to ensure that the Ca in the water is softened2+、Mg2+Chemically react to form CaCO3/Mg(OH)2Crystals attached to the surface of a specially acclimated carrier to reduce the hardness of water without the production of by-products, resulting in CaCO3The particles can be recycled;
(2) the calcium hard water softening system and the calcium hard water softening method provided by the invention have the advantages of high treatment efficiency, stable water outlet effect, simplicity in operation and management and no generation of any by-product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a calcium hard water softening device used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-calcium hard water softening device, 101-water outlet region, 102-stripping region, 103-granulation region, 104-reaction region, 105-observation region, 106-water inlet region, 107-maturation region, 2-separation device, 3-recovery device, 4-water inlet tube, 401-PFS dosing device, 402-water inlet sampling, 403-remote flow meter, 5-sodium hydroxide dosing device, 6-sodium carbonate dosing device, 7-carrier dosing device, 8 water outlet tube, 801-produced water sampling, 802-PH meter, 803-sulfuric acid dosing device and 9-particle discharge tube.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, examples and comparative examples. It is to be understood that these examples are for the purpose of illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; after reading the present disclosure, various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, and equivalents may fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
The raw materials in the technical scheme of the invention can be products sold in the market and can also be self-made by conventional means.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" or the like are generally used in the description of the orientation shown in the drawings or the positional relationship of the components with respect to each other in the vertical, or gravitational direction; "inner and outer" generally refers to the interior and exterior of a chamber relative to the chamber. The above directional terms are defined to facilitate understanding of the present invention and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a novel calcium hard water softening device, which comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is vertically arranged, the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder, a cylinder cavity of the outer cylinder forms a place for calcium hard water softening treatment, a water outlet area 101, a peeling area 102, a granulating area 103, a reaction area 104, an observation area 105, a water inlet area 106 and a ripening area 107 are sequentially arranged in the cylinder cavity from bottom to top, the inner cylinder divides the granulating area into the peeling area 102, the granulating area 103 and the reaction area 104, an area in the inner cylinder is the granulating area 103, an area close to the upper part of the inner cylinder and an area above the inner cylinder are the peeling area 102, an area close to the lower part of the inner cylinder is the reaction area 104, an area between the outer wall of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder is the ripening area 107, calcium hard water and carriers circulate in the granulating area, namely circulate among the peeling area 102, the granulating area 103, the reaction area 104 and the ripening area 107, and realize chemical crystallization granulation, simultaneously removing part of magnesium hardness; wherein, the water inlet area 106 is used for uniformly distributing the input calcium hard water and adopts a cross master-slave pipe for water distribution, and the water outlet area 101 adopts a porous plate and a water cap; the chemical feeding port of the reaction zone 104 is fed with hardness-removing agent (such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, PFS) to remove Ca in the water2+、Mg2+Mixing with hardness-removing agent, and reacting to form precipitate (such as CaCO3, Mg (OH)2) The method comprises the steps that a sodium hydroxide dosing mode of a reaction zone 104 is to punch a hole phi 1 ~ 10 on an annular pipe, a sodium carbonate dosing mode of the reaction zone 104 is to punch a hole phi 1 ~ 3 on the annular pipe, a water outlet zone 101 is a softened clear water gathering place, and a granulation zone 103 is Ca in calcium hard water2+、Mg2+Mixing with hardness-removing agent, and making the precipitate formed by reaction be attached to carrier and crystallized so as to form crystal nucleus, and grow into crystal grain, and separate and settle; the peeling region 102 is a place where softened water and calcium hard water containing crystal particles are separatedAlong with the upward flow of the calcium hard water in the separation area, carriers which are not crystallized and crystal particles which are not crystallized sufficiently are long aggregated to form a sludge layer in the circulating process, the sludge layer can have the functions of guiding isolation and filtration, isolate softened clean water above and the calcium hard water below, and filter substances such as suspended matters in the calcium hard water to further improve the water quality of the clean water; the maturation zone 107 is a place where sedimentation occurs when crystal grains grow large enough in size, in addition to circulating through calcium hard water containing crystal grains.
The observation area 105 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 is generally provided with more than 3 sight glasses, one at the bottom of the reaction area, one at the middle of the mature area and one at the upper part of the stripping area, so that the equipment can be observed manually in time.
In other words, when the calcium hard water softening device operates, calcium hard water enters the cylinder cavity, is distributed from the water inlet area 106, then enters the reaction area 104, is mixed with the hardness removing agent, and reacts to generate a precipitate; then enters the granulation zone 103 for removing Ca from the hardness agent and calcium hard water2+And Mg2+The precipitate formed by the reaction is attached to the surface of a specially acclimated carrier to be crystallized to form crystal nuclei and grow into crystal grains (such as CaCO)3Particles) which are gradually separated from water and settled along with the upward movement of water flow and the growth of crystal grains, so that the hardness in water is removed; finally, the softened clean water enters a water outlet area to be discharged. The operation process of the calcium hard water softening device is a process that calcium hard water and crystal grains circulate in four areas, namely a stripping area 102, a granulating area 103, a reaction area 104 and a ripening area 107, in the circulation process, crystal particles and softened water are produced through continuous crystallization, the crystal particles are discharged after being settled to the bottom of an outer cylinder in a settling area when growing to a sufficient size, and the softened water enters a clear water area to flow out.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the outer cylinder is a hollow cylinder with two closed ends, and a water inlet zone 106, a reaction zone 104, a granulation zone 103, a stripping zone 102 and a water outlet zone 101 are sequentially arranged in the cylinder cavity of the outer cylinder from bottom to top; a water inlet at the lower part of the outer cylinder is connected with a water inlet pipe 4, and calcium hard water enters the water inlet area 106 through the water inlet; the dosing ports of the reaction zone 104 are each independentlyThe PFS dosing device 401, the sodium hydroxide dosing device 5 and the sodium carbonate dosing device 6 are connected, and each dosing device is added with a prepared hardness removing agent in advance and added into a reaction area to react with calcium hard water when in use; the carrier feeding port at the upper part of the outer cylinder is connected with a carrier feeding device 7 through a carrier feeding pipe, and is used for feeding carriers into the granulation zone 103 to provide crystals (hardness removing agent and Ca in calcium hard water)2+And Mg2+Precipitates formed by the reaction) sites of attachment; the water outlet area 101 at the upper part of the outer cylinder is provided with a water outlet which is connected with the water outlet pipe 8 and used for outputting softened clean water generated by the water outlet area 101; the middle part of the outer cylinder is a granulation area, calcium hard water is pumped into the inner cylinder to flow upwards, the inner cylinder carries an added carrier to keep a fluidized state, and the carrier adsorbs a hardness removal agent and Ca in the calcium hard water2 +、Mg2+The crystal formed by the reaction gradually grows to form crystal grains and is separated from water; the middle of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is provided with reinforcement, and the gap is 100 mm. Preferably, the reaction zone is positioned above the water inlet zone, so that the water distribution is more favorable to be sufficient, and the calcium hard water and the hardness removing agent are in full contact.
The carrier is used as crystallization site and has high surface area to reduce the energy required for precipitation, so that the hardness-removing agent and Ca in calcium hard water are removed2+、Mg2+Crystals of precipitates formed by ionic reactions, e.g. CaCO3、Mg(OH)2Gradually adsorb on the surface of the carrier, and gradually move to the bottom along with the growth and the weight of the crystal, thereby separating water. The carrier put in the application is specially domesticated carrier, and the density is 6000kg/m3The mineral substance (2) has a particle size of 100 ~ 500 μm.
The inner cylinder is a hollow cylinder with two open ends, is arranged in the outer cylinder and is coaxial with the outer cylinder, and is used for placing a reaction zone 104, a granulation zone 103, a peeling zone 102 and a maturation zone 107 in a cylinder cavity of the outer cylinder, wherein the area close to the bottom in the inner cylinder is the granulation zone 103, a carrier is put in the granulation zone 103, and the reaction zone 104 at the bottom of the inner cylinder is a reaction space for calcium hard water and a medicament; in the granulating area 103, during the upward movement of the calcium hard water, on one hand, the calcium hard water continuously reacts with the hardness-removing agent to generate a precipitate, and on the other hand, the precipitate generated by the reaction is attached to a carrier to be crystallized to form crystal nuclei and gradually grow up to form crystal grains; the area close to the top inside the inner cylinder and the area above the top of the inner cylinder are stripping areas 102, crystal particles in water are separated, the fully granulated particles (fully crystallized to reach a certain weight) are settled by self weight, the insufficiently granulated particles float to form a sludge layer, and the sludge layer can play a role in isolation and filtration, so that the quality of clear water is further improved; the region between the inner and outer cylinders is a ripening zone 107, which is a place where fully granulated particles settle by their own weight. In the application, the carrier circularly flows among the reaction zone 104, the granulation zone 103, the stripping zone 102 and the ripening zone 107, and calcium ions and magnesium ions in water realize chemical crystallization and circular granulation in the flowing process so as to be removed; the particles formed by the chemical crystallization circulation granulation are settled towards the bottom in a mature area 107, and are finally discharged from a particle discharge pipe 9 to a separation device 2 for solid-liquid separation, the solid is recovered, water and particles smaller than 1mm flow out from the bottom and the side through a filter screen, enter a recovery water tank of a recovery device 3, and are connected to a water inlet pipe 4 through a pump and a pipeline for recovery, the small particles grow, and the water is recycled;
preferably, the lower part in the inner cylinder is also provided with a stirrer for promoting the reaction of the calcium hard water and the hardness removing medicament and crystallization granulation; the agitator is preferably a lift agitator, and can also be used to assist in pushing the water in the inner drum to flow upward to maintain circulation. In the embodiment of the invention, the shaft of the stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, the stirring blades extend into the inner cylinder, and when the lifting stirrer works, the lifting stirrer rotates to promote the fluid to mix and push the calcium hard water mixed with the hardness removing reagent to flow into the inner cylinder and drive the calcium hard water to flow upwards in the inner cylinder, and the calcium hard water passes through the reaction zone 104, the granulation zone 103, the peeling zone 102 and the ripening zone 107 in sequence and circulates in the way; the carrier circularly flows among the reaction zone 104, the granulation zone 103, the stripping zone 102 and the ripening zone 107, and calcium ions and magnesium ions in the calcium hard water realize chemical crystallization and circular granulation in the flowing process; softened water obtained after calcium hard water treatment enters a water outlet area 101 above a stripping area 102 and is discharged through a water outlet, and crystal particles formed by carrier adsorption precipitate crystals in a granulation area 103 are grown to be large enough and then enter a maturation area 107 for sedimentation.
A calcium hard water softening system comprising: the calcium hard water softening device 1, the PFS dosing device 401, the sodium hydroxide dosing device 5, the sodium carbonate dosing device 6, the carrier dosing device 7 and the sulfuric acid dosing device 803 are sequentially connected; wherein, the PFS dosing device 401 is connected with a PFS dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for breaking the dispersion capacity of the scale inhibitor; the carrier feeding device 7 is connected with a carrier feeding port of the calcium hard water softening device 1; the sodium hydroxide dosing device 5 is connected with a dosing port of the reaction zone 104 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for adding the hardness removing agent; the sodium carbonate dosing device 6 is connected with a dosing port of the reaction zone 104 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for adding the permanent hardness removing agent; the sulfuric acid dosing device 803 is connected to the calcium hard water softening device 1, and is used for adding sulfuric acid and dosing.
The water inlet area 106 is distributed with water by adopting a cross master-slave pipe, the water outlet area 101 adopts a perforated plate and a water cap, the annular pipe is perforated for adding the sodium hydroxide medicine in the reaction area 104, the hole is phi 1 ~ 10, the annular pipe is perforated for adding the sodium carbonate medicine, the hole is phi 1 ~ 3, the separating device 2 is provided with a filter screen, the hole is 100 ~ 150 meshes and is made of 304 materials;
the PFS dosing device 401 is connected with a PFS dosing port of the reaction zone 104 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for breaking the dispersion capacity of the scale inhibitor; the carrier feeding device 7 is connected with a carrier feeding port of the calcium hard water softening device 1; the sodium hydroxide dosing device 5 is connected with a dosing port of the reaction zone 104 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for adding the hardness removing agent; the sodium carbonate dosing device 6 is connected with a dosing port of the reaction zone 104 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 and is used for adding the permanent hardness removing agent;
the water inlet pipe 4 is provided with a water inlet sampling 402, an online calcium hardness instrument and a remote flow meter 403, and is connected with the water inlet of the water inlet area 106 of the calcium hard water softening device 1; the water outlet pipe 8 is provided with a produced water sampling 801, an online calcium hardness instrument and PH meter 802 and a sulfuric acid dosing device 803, and is connected with a water outlet in the water outlet area 101 of the calcium hard water softening device 1;
the bottom of a mature area 107 of the calcium hard water softening device 1 is provided with a particle discharge port which is connected with the separation device 2 through a particle discharge pipe 9, the separation device 2 is connected with the recovery device 3 through a pipeline, and a recovery water tank of the recovery device 3 is connected with the water inlet pipe 4 through a pump and a pipeline;
as a preferred embodiment, the carrier adding device comprises a carrier conveyer, a carrier mixing box and a carrier delivery pump, wherein the carrier mixing box is used for crystals.
The calcium hard water softening system comprises 2-3 calcium hard water softening devices as a preferred embodiment.
The invention also correspondingly provides a calcium hard water softening method, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: inputting the calcium hard water into the bottom of the calcium hard water softening device, so that the calcium hard water is lifted from bottom to top in the inner cylinder and then falls off from the outer part of the inner cylinder, thus forming a cycle;
step two, the water passes through the water inlet pipe 4, the calcium and other chemical components of the water can be measured in the water inlet sampling 402 and the on-line calcium hardness instrument, meanwhile, the content of the calcium hardness instrument in the water outlet pipe 8 is set according to the remote flow meter 403 and the calcium hardness instrument in the water outlet pipe 8, the dosage of the PFS dosing device 401, the sodium hydroxide dosing device 5 and the sodium carbonate dosing device which are connected with the reaction zone can be automatically adjusted through simulation calculation, the addition amount is 5 ~ 30ppm for PFS, 1 ~ 2 times for temporary hardness in the water for sodium hydroxide, and 1 ~ 2 times for permanent hardness to be removed for the Ca in the water2+、Mg2+Chemically react to form CaCO3/Mg(OH)2Crystals, a sulfuric acid dosing device 803 on a water outlet pipe 8 is linked with a PH meter 802, the PH value of outlet water is set to be 6 ~ 9, the dosage of sulfuric acid is adjusted, meanwhile, manual inspection and other water quality components are tested through a water production sample 801, carriers are thrown in through a carrier throwing port, a granulation area 103 is formed at the lower part in an inner cylinder, the carriers grow into crystal particles through tiny crystals generated by adsorption reaction, softened water continuously enters an upward stripping area 102, heavier particles settle down, a mixture of the lighter particles and water forms a sludge layer with a filtering effect in a separation area, and clear water with hardness removed gradually enters an outlet water area 101 and passes through a water outlet area 101 to be filteredThe particles enter a maturation zone 107 and settle to the bottom of the outer cylinder, the particles are discharged to a separation device 2 through a particle discharge pipe 9, the particles and water are separated through the separation device 2, water and particles smaller than 1mm flow out from the bottom and the side through a filter screen, the water and the particles enter a recovery water tank of a recovery device 3, then the water and the particles are pumped into a water pipe 4 through a pump and a pipeline for recovery, the small particles are then increased in a circulating mode, and the water is recycled;
according to the particle size of the observation area 105, the particle size is 1 ~ 5mm, the automatic ball valve is opened to discharge particles, the operation can be performed according to experience, the water inflow is combined, the regular and quantitative discharge is performed, and when the discharge is performed, the automatic ball valve is opened from the carrier feeding device 7, and equivalent crystals are fed.
When the water is surface water or underground water, the water is not treated by other chemicals, or PFS is not added, but PFS is added when the water source is regenerated water or circulating sewage or water treated by other chemicals, the amount of PFS is determined according to a beaker test, when the molar equivalent of calcium hard and bicarbonate in the water is more than 1.5mmol, NAOH is added, the pH value is controlled to be about 10.5, and the calcium removal rate can reach 50%, and when the calcium removal content is required to be more than the bicarbonate content in the water, sodium carbonate is added according to the calculation, wherein the sodium carbonate is 1 ~ 2 times of the calcium removal rate, so that the removal effect is achieved.
The chemical principles of the above calcium hard water softening processes are the same as those of conventional precipitation processes, all by adding suitable reagents to the water, exceeding the solubility of the target component, and subsequently converting it from an aqueous solution to a solid carrier material. The present application provides methods wherein calcium and magnesium ions in hard calcium water are reacted with a hardness-reducing agent to form precipitate crystals (e.g., CaCO)3、Mg(OH)2) The carrier provides a carrier and a place for the growth of the crystal, and multilayer crystal particles are formed on the surface of the carrier, so that the separation and the recycling are convenient; during the crystallization process, the phase transition can be precisely controlled and 1-2mm crystalline particles are produced instead of finely dispersed microscopic sludge particles.
Adopt the calcium hard water softening installation that this application provided, have following advantage:
1) the removal rate is high: for Ca2+The removal rate reaches more than 80 percent;
2) the equipment is unpowered, the maintenance is simple, and the failure rate is extremely low;
3) the discharged particles are calcium carbonate and can be used as an absorbent of a desulfurization system;
4) the water treatment cost is extremely low: with Ca2+The concentration of 400mg/L is taken as an example, the operation cost of each ton of water only needs about 0.2 yuan
The calcium hard water softening device disclosed by the application is applied to a Handan improvement project, wherein the main equipment comprises: 2 granulation fluidized beds, design throughput: 100m3Per, total hardness of water in/out (CaCO)3): 455mg/L/136.5mg/L, alkalinity of inlet/outlet water (HCO)3 -): 382mg/L/159mg/L, turbidity of effluent (NTU):<5.0。
the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, which are easily conceivable or conventional replacements by those skilled in the art, and thus fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. An apparatus, system and method for softening calcium hard water, the apparatus, system and method comprising: the device comprises a calcium hard water softening device, a water outlet area, a stripping area, a granulation area, a reaction area, an observation area, a water inlet area, a maturation area, a separation device, a recovery device, a water inlet pipe, a PFS dosing device, a water inlet sampling device, a remote flow meter, a sodium hydroxide dosing device, a sodium carbonate dosing device, a carrier dosing device, a water outlet pipe, a produced water sampling device, a PH meter, a sulfuric acid dosing device and a particle discharge pipe; the method is characterized in that: the calcium hard water softening device comprises an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is vertically arranged, and the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder;
a water inlet area, a reaction area, a granulation area, a stripping area, a maturation area and a water outlet area are sequentially arranged in a barrel cavity of the outer barrel from the bottom to the top, wherein the water inlet area is positioned at the bottom of the outer barrel, the reaction area is positioned at the upper part of the water inlet area, and the bottom of the inner barrel is positioned; the granulation zone is an area within the inner barrel; the stripping area is a partial area close to the upper part of the inner cylinder and an area above the inner cylinder; the ripening zone is the area between the inner barrel and the outer barrel;
the water inlet area is provided with a water inlet, the reaction area is provided with a chemical feeding port, the water outlet area is provided with a water outlet, the upper part of the outer barrel is provided with a carrier feeding port, and the bottom of the ripening area is provided with a particle discharge port;
the calcium hard water enters the calcium hard water softening device from the water inlet to be mixed and reacted with the hardness removing agent added from the dosing port to generate precipitate, and the precipitate is adsorbed on the surface of the carrier added from the carrier feeding port to form crystal particles;
the calcium hard water and the crystal particles circularly move among the water inlet area, the reaction area, the granulating area, the peeling area and the ripening area, chemical crystallization granulation is realized in the circulating process so as to soften the calcium hard water, the obtained softened water enters the water outlet area and is discharged from the water outlet connecting water outlet pipe, and the crystal particles grow to a certain degree and settle to a particle discharge port of the outer cylinder in the ripening area to be discharged;
the water inlet area adopts a cross master-slave pipe for water distribution, the water outlet area adopts a perforated plate and a water cap, the sodium hydroxide dosing in the reaction area adopts a hole with phi 1 ~ 10 on an annular pipe, the sodium carbonate dosing in the reaction area adopts a hole with phi 1 ~ 3 on the annular pipe, the separation device is provided with a filter screen, the hole is 100 ~ 150 meshes and is made of 304 materials, and the middle of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is provided with reinforcement, and the gap is 100 mm;
the calcium hard water softening device, the PFS dosing device, the sodium hydroxide dosing device, the sodium carbonate dosing device, the carrier dosing device and the sulfuric acid dosing device are arranged in the water tank; the PFS dosing device is connected with a PFS dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for breaking the dispersing capacity of a scale inhibitor; the carrier feeding device is connected with a carrier feeding port of the calcium hard water softening device; the sodium hydroxide dosing device is connected with a dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for adding the hardness removing agent; the sodium carbonate dosing device is connected with a dosing port of a reaction zone of the calcium hard water softening device and is used for adding the permanent hardness removing medicament;
the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet sampling instrument, an online calcium hardness instrument and a remote flow meter and is connected with a water inlet of a water inlet area of the calcium hard water softening device 1; the water outlet pipe is provided with a produced water sampling instrument, an online calcium hardness instrument, a PH meter and a sulfuric acid dosing device and is connected with a water outlet in a water outlet area of the calcium hard water softening device;
the bottom of a mature area of the calcium hard water softening device is provided with a particle discharge port which is connected with a separation device through a particle discharge pipe, the separation device is connected with a recovery device through a pipeline, and a recovery water tank of the recovery device is connected with a water inlet pipe through a pump and a pipeline;
the observation area of the calcium hard water softening device is generally provided with more than 3 sight glasses, one sight glass is arranged at the bottom of the reaction area, the other sight glass is arranged in the middle of the mature area, and the other sight glass is arranged at the upper part of the stripping area.
2. The calcium hard water softening apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carrier supply port is provided at an upper portion of the ripened zone or the granulated zone.
3. The calcium hard water softening apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein an agitator is further provided at a lower portion in the inner tub.
4. The calcium hard water softening apparatus of claim 3, wherein the agitator is preferably a lift agitator.
5. The calcium hard water softening system of claim 4, wherein the carrier dosing apparatus comprises a carrier transporter, a carrier mixing tank and a carrier delivery pump, the carrier mixing tank being configured to store the carrier and to dispense the carrier to the delivery pump.
6. The calcium hard water softening system of claim 4 or 5, comprising 2 to 3 calcium hard water softening devices.
7. A calcium hard water softening process comprising:
step one, inputting calcium hard water into the bottom of the calcium hard water softening device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, so that the calcium hard water is lifted from bottom to top in the inner cylinder and then falls out of the inner cylinder, thus forming a cycle;
step two, putting a carrier through the carrier putting port, and forming a fluidization area at the lower part in the inner cylinder; adding hardness-removing agents through related medicine adding openings of the reaction zone to enable calcium hard water and the hardness-removing agents to be mixed and react, and then enabling the carrier to grow into crystal particles through tiny crystals generated by adsorption reaction when the carrier flows through the fluidized zone; softened water gradually enters the water outlet area and is discharged through the water outlet, the crystallized particles enter the bottom of the ripening area and are discharged to a separation device through a particle discharge pipe, solid-liquid separation is carried out, the solids are recovered, and the liquid enters the recovery device and returns the water to the water inlet pipe.
8. The calcium hard water softening method of claim 7, wherein the carrier is added at a density of 6000kg/m3The carrier has a particle size of 100 ~ 500 μm.
9. The calcium hard water softening method of claim 7, wherein the hardness removing agent is PFS, sodium hydroxide, and soda ash, the amount of PFS is 5 ~ 30ppm, the amount of sodium hydroxide is 1 ~ 2 times the temporary hardness of water, and the amount of soda ash is 1 ~ 2 times the permanent hardness to be removed.
10. The calcium hard water softening system and method of claim 7, wherein the hardness removing agent is sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, PFS is added according to water quality, a water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet sample for sampling and testing the incoming water, and simultaneously the agent is added for simulation to determine the optimal dosage, when the incoming water is surface water and underground water, PFS is not added in the water, but PFS is added when the water source is reclaimed water or circulating sewage or water treated by other agents, and the amount of PFS is determined according to a beaker test, NAOH is added when the molar equivalent of calcium hard and bicarbonate in the water is more than 1.5mmol, and the pH value is controlled to be about 10.5 to achieve 50% calcium removal rate, and when the calcium removal content is required to be greater than the bicarbonate content in the water, sodium carbonate is added according to the calculation of 1 ~ 2 times to achieve the removal effect.
11. The calcium hard water softening system and method of claim 7, wherein calcium in the water reacts with bicarbonate, either simultaneously with increasing the PH with sodium hydroxide, or with sodium carbonate, which adheres to the crystals in the granulation zone and gradually grows into calcium carbonate particles in the water.
12. The calcium hard water softening system and method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the water inlet pipe is provided with a sampling port and an on-line calcium hardness instrument for manual and on-line monitoring of water quality; the sampling port on the water outlet pipe and the online calcium hardness instrument can be used for manually sampling and feeding back calcium hardness online, and are interlocked with the dosing device to check and dose, so that automatic dosing can be realized.
13. The calcium hard water softening system and method of claim 7, wherein the water outlet pipe is provided with a sulfuric acid dosing device for adding sulfuric acid, which is interlocked with a PH meter to control the PH to 6 ~ 9 to meet the end user requirements.
14. The calcium hard water softening system and method as claimed in claim 7, wherein after the solid and liquid enter the separation device, water and particles smaller than 1mm flow out through the filter screen from the bottom and the side, enter the recovery water tank of the recovery device, and then are recovered through the pump and the pipeline connected to the water inlet pipe, and the small particles grow up and the water is recycled.
15. The calcium hard water softening system and method as claimed in claim 7, wherein when the particle size is about 1 ~ 5mm according to observation in observation area, the automatic ball valve is opened to discharge particles, and then the operation is performed according to experience and water inflow, and the automatic ball valve is opened to discharge equivalent amount of crystals.
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