CN110590444A

CN110590444A - Special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper and preparation method and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110590444A
Application number: CN201910901191.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵福全
Original assignee: Guizhou Yilong Matthey Ecological Industry Ltd Co
Current assignee: Guizhou Yilong Matthey Ecological Industry Ltd Co
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2019-12-20

Abstract

The invention discloses a special biological organic fertilizer for pepper, which is prepared from organic matters, phosphogypsum, livestock and poultry manure, plant ash, fishpond sludge, biogas residue, pepper straws, edible fungus residue, compound fertilizer, traditional Chinese medicine residue and compound microbial inoculum. The biological organic fertilizer can provide nutrient components for crops to promote the growth of the crops and can also improve the disease and pest resistance of the crops, and microorganisms in the fertilizer loosen the soil at the roots of the crops in the moving process of the microorganisms in the soil, so that the air permeability of the soil is improved, the respiration of the roots of the crops is promoted, and the absorption and utilization of the crops on the fertilizer are further improved; the raw materials are degraded by the compound microbial inoculum through fermentation, so that the fertilizer has comprehensive nutrition, and the problem of nutrient deficiency of the hot pepper is avoided; and the raw materials are also added with substances with sterilization and disinfection effects such as plant ash, traditional Chinese medicine residues and the like, so that insect pests at the roots of crops can be killed after the fertilizer is applied to soil, the occurrence of pepper diseases and insect pests is reduced, the survival rate of pepper is improved, the growth and development of pepper are promoted, and the high yield and the quality of pepper are further promoted.

Description

Special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper and preparation method and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Capsicum annuum (Capsicum annuml.) is annual or perennial herb of Capsicum of Solanaceae with pungent and spicy taste or sweet berry, and is also called Capsicum annuum (Sichuan), Capsicum annuum (shan), Capsicum fructus (Qian), and fructus Capsici. The peel and placenta tissue of Capsici fructus contains capsaicin (C)₁₈H₂₇NO₃) And vitaminsA. C, and the like, has aromatic spicy taste, and has the effects of promoting appetite, helping digestion, and medicines. The pepper has strict requirements on the moisture of the conditions, and is neither drought-resistant nor waterlogging-resistant. And the drier air condition is favored. The pepper is an important crop in China, is an important vegetable and seasoning in daily life, and the seed oil is edible and the fruit also has the efficacy of expelling parasites and sweating.

Chili is pungent in flavor and hot in nature, and can warm the middle-jiao, invigorate the stomach, dispel cold, dry dampness and induce sweating. The spicy food has the functions of sterilization, corrosion prevention, seasoning, nutrition, cold dispelling and the like, and plays an active role in preventing and treating diseases, improving genes and promoting human evolution. Therefore, a little pepper is added into your daily menu, which is beneficial to the health of the body. The content of vitamin C in each hectogram of capsicum reaches up to 198 mg, which is the top of vegetables. Vitamin B, carotene and minerals such as calcium and iron are also rich. The chili is a very irritant food, is a favorite for many people, is particularly famous for the spicy taste of Sichuan people, can stimulate the appetite of people due to the spicy taste of the chili, has great effects on warming the stomach and dispelling cold, and has a very good effect on treating dyspepsia. The medical experts think that the pepper can relieve cold pain of chest and abdomen, stop dysentery, kill parasites in stomach and abdomen, and control heart disease and coronary arteriosclerosis; it also has effects in stimulating oral mucosa, promoting gastric motility, promoting salivary secretion, stimulating appetite, and promoting digestion. Can be used for treating deficiency-cold of spleen and stomach, anorexia, cold feeling of abdomen, and diarrhea; cold-dampness stagnation, poor appetite and greasy tongue coating, drowsiness, soreness of limbs; common cold due to wind-cold, aversion to cold and no sweating. Compendium supplement: spicy eggplant, pungent in flavor and hot in property, can dispel dampness. When children eat cold water in the summer and in the moon, the children lie in the shade and in the ground until the autumn malaria occurs, the effect of the hundreds of medicines deceive is prolonged to the early winter, the children eat the chili sauce occasionally, the chili sauce is quite palatable, and the children eat the chili sauce which is suitable for being eaten every time and are also used for being decocted into porridge, the children eat the chili sauce slightly, and the malaria is healed. A good one is the accumulated water in chest and diaphragm, turning into cold phlegm, and pungent and scattered, so it looks like decoction, but snow ear. Yao can become food materia Medica: eliminate indigestion, relieve foul breath, open the stomach, avoid evil and kill fishy smell and other toxic substances. Baicaoshen: washing chilblain, bathing cold and scabies, and purging pathogenic cold in large intestine.

The pepper planting economic benefit is high, pepper is planted in most provinces of China, but the yield is reduced due to damage caused by diseases and insect pests in the pepper planting process, such as pepper phytophthora blight and other diseases and insect pests. In the farmland using the fertilizer for years, the phenomena of soil hardening and acidification are serious, nutrients are lost, and the microbial biomass in the soil is reduced; the use of chemical pesticides has potential safety hazards to people and livestock, easily causes pepper diseases and insect pests to generate drug resistance, and is not beneficial to sustainable development of agriculture.

The organic fertilizer is also called as farmyard manure, and has the characteristics of multiple varieties, wide sources, long fertilizer efficiency and the like, the contained nutrient elements are mostly in an organic state, crops are difficult to directly utilize, and the nutrient elements are slowly released through the action of microorganisms to continuously supply nutrients to the crops. The application of the organic fertilizer can improve the soil structure, coordinate water, fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil, and improve the soil fertility and the land productivity. The bio-organic fertilizer is a fertilizer which can provide various organic and inorganic nutrients for crops and improve soil environment. The biological organic fertilizer has the characteristics of improving the quality of agricultural products, having no pollution to the environment, having no harm to people and livestock and the like. In recent years, organic fertilizers or bio-organic fertilizers have also been tried as pepper cultivation fertilizers, for example:

1. patent application CN201610096913.7 discloses a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper and a preparation method thereof; the method comprises the following raw materials: 15-30 parts of composite microbial inoculum and 70-85 parts of carrier; the composite microbial inoculum contains 2.5-15 hundred million cfu/g of paenibacillus polymyxa, 1-5.0 hundred million cfu/g of trichoderma viride and 0.5-4.0 hundred million cfu/g of streptomyces lavendulae. The carrier is prepared by fermenting mushroom residue, rapeseed meal, peanut meal, castor leaves and peach leaves through microbial composting. The bio-organic fertilizer contains castor leaves and peach leaves, functional strains for preventing soil-borne diseases, strains for promoting crop growth and the like, and the used matrix is a mixed organic fertilizer after fermentation treatment. The special bio-organic fertilizer for the pepper provided by the invention is powdery and is used as a base fertilizer, so that nutrition required for growth of the pepper is provided, soil can be effectively improved, soil-borne disease infection of crops is prevented, the pepper soil insects such as mole cricket, grub and cutworm are prevented, and the quality and the yield of the pepper can be obviously improved.

2. Patent application CN201510456965.6 discloses a special organic fertilizer for hot pepper, which comprises 50-60% of organic matter, 5.5-6% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 0.8-1% of calcium, magnesium and sulfur, 0.1-0.15% of boron and less than 30% of water by weight concentration; the mass ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus to potassium is 1: 0.4-0.5: 0.5-0.6; the mass ratio of calcium to magnesium to sulfur is 6-7: 2-3: 1. The application of the compound pesticide to the peppers has the advantages of obvious yield increase effect, 10-35% increase of yield, improvement of pepper quality, thick and solid pepper peel, hardness, difficulty in disease generation, reduction of the use of insecticidal pesticides, less pesticide residue on the surfaces of the peppers and safety. The preparation method comprises the steps of mixing the raw materials and the auxiliary materials before fermentation, and fermenting again, so that the large and medium trace element fertilizers in the organic fertilizer are completely organized, complexed and slowly controlled and released, and the fertilizer efficiency and the utilization rate of the large and medium trace elements are greatly improved.

3. Patent application CN201711033620.5 discloses a preparation method of organic fertilizer special for pepper, which comprises the steps of 1), stacking and tedding animal wastes, fungus bag materials, pine needles and pepper stems according to the weight part ratio; 2) drying the materials until the water content is below 10%, and then crushing; 3) mixing the above materials with testa oryzae, radix Stemonae, flos Lonicerae, caulis et folium Mandarin Trigonellae and flos Rhododendri mollis powder, adding water, stacking for fermentation, turning over, mixing with pulverized coal and plant ash, molding, pulverizing, drying, and packaging. The preparation method of the special organic fertilizer for the hot pepper adopts animal wastes as main organic fertilizer nutrients, adds partial hot pepper stems, rice bran and pine needles as auxiliary nutrients, utilizes fly ash and plant ash to improve soil and supplement potassium fertilizer, and utilizes a small amount of traditional Chinese medicine formula materials of stemona, honeysuckle, bottle gourd vines and rhododendron molle as organic fertilizer insect-preventing and disease-preventing components. Through mixing, compounding, fermenting and drying. Can be used as a special fertilizer for pepper planting, improves the pepper planting yield and the planting soil, and has obvious comprehensive benefit.

4. The patent application CN201810089654.4 discloses a special organic fertilizer for pepper and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fertilizers, wherein the special organic fertilizer for pepper disclosed by the invention is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of biogas residue, 7-14 parts of sawdust, 6-12 parts of grass pond filter mud, 5-10 parts of oyster shell powder, 5-10 parts of fermented tea leaf residue, 4-9 parts of sterilizing liquid, 2-6 parts of microbial inoculum and a proper amount of water; the fertilizer solves the problems that the existing fertilizer cannot solve the problems of water retention of soil, fertilizer retention capacity and permeability reduction caused by soil hardening, environmental pollution caused by residual fertilizer contained in plants and the like, can promote yield increase, can ensure the growth quality of hot peppers, does not cause any harm to the soil, and achieves the aim of green agriculture.

However, the proportion of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, boron and the like in the existing common organic fertilizer in the market is unreasonable, and the bio-organic fertilizer is only added with some strains compared with the common organic fertilizer, and other fertilizers are applied additionally when in use, so that the resource waste, the fertilizer efficiency and the yield increase effect are caused, the problem of deficiency of elements occurs in the growth process of the pepper, and the yield and the quality of the pepper are severely restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper, and a preparation method and application thereof for solving the technical problems. The biological organic fertilizer can provide nutrient components for crops to promote the growth of the crops and can also improve the disease and pest resistance of the crops, and microorganisms in the fertilizer can loosen the soil at the roots of the crops in the moving process of the microorganisms in the soil, so that the air permeability of the soil is improved, the respiration of the roots of the crops is promoted, and the absorption and utilization of the crops on the fertilizer are further improved; the raw materials are degraded by the compound microbial inoculum through fermentation, so that the fertilizer has comprehensive nutrition, and the problem of nutrient deficiency of the hot pepper is avoided; and the raw materials are also added with substances with sterilization and disinfection effects such as plant ash, traditional Chinese medicine residues and the like, so that insect pests at the roots of crops can be killed after the fertilizer is applied to soil, the occurrence of pepper diseases and insect pests is reduced, the survival rate of pepper is improved, the growth and development of pepper are promoted, and the high yield and the quality of pepper are further promoted.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 190-200 parts of organic matters, 50-55 parts of phosphogypsum, 225-235 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 225-235 parts of plant ash, 55-60 parts of fishpond sludge, 200-210 parts of biogas residues, 155-165 parts of pepper straws, 170-180 parts of edible fungus residues, 115-135 parts of compound fertilizers, 200-230 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 45-55 parts of compound microbial agents; the Chinese medicinal residue comprises Melia azadirachta Linn, folium Meliae, folium Hibisci, Citrus Zhu Zhiye, cortex Cinnamomi Japonici, Ginseng radix, radix Aconiti, cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Ganoderma, Polygoni Multiflori radix, cortex Phellodendri, and radix Aristolochice; the compound fertilizer consists of urea, monopotassium phosphate, nano calcium sulfate powder, magnesium sulfate and boric acid.

Further, the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 192-198 parts of organic matter, 51-54 parts of phosphogypsum, 228-232 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 227-233 parts of plant ash, 56-59 parts of fishpond sludge, 203-208 parts of biogas residues, 157-162 parts of pepper straws, 172-177 parts of edible fungus residues, 120-130 parts of compound fertilizer, 210-220 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 47-53 parts of compound microbial inoculum.

Further, the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 195 parts of organic matter, 53 parts of phosphogypsum, 230 parts of livestock manure, 230 parts of plant ash, 58 parts of fishpond sludge, 205 parts of biogas residues, 160 parts of pepper straws, 175 parts of edible fungus residues, 125 parts of compound fertilizer, 215 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 50 parts of compound microbial inoculum.

Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of dried neem, 55-65 parts of chinaberry leaves, 50-60 parts of shrubalthea leaves, 50-60 parts of tender wicker leaves, 85-95 parts of cassia bark, 105-125 parts of ginseng, 105-125 parts of monkshood, 100-110 parts of pilose antler, 115-125 parts of lucid ganoderma, 115-125 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 75-85 parts of golden cypress and 90-100 parts of dutchmanspipe root, and the preparation method is characterized by uniformly mixing all the raw materials.

Further, the compound microbial inoculum is one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacteria.

Further, the compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of urea, 45-50 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 35-40 parts of nano calcium sulfate powder, 20-30 parts of magnesium sulfate and 15-25 parts of boric acid, and all the raw materials are uniformly mixed during preparation.

Furthermore, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 66.3 percent, the NP2O5K2O is more than or equal to 8.2 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 4.9 percent, and the effective viable count (cfu) is more than or equal to 0.22 hundred million plants/g.

Further, the preparation method of the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing livestock and poultry excrement, plant ash, fishpond sludge, biogas residue, pepper straw, edible fungus residue and traditional Chinese medicine residue in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, uniformly scattering a composite microbial inoculum, uniformly stirring, and performing first composting fermentation;

(2) adding organic matters into the materials subjected to the first composting fermentation in the step (1), adding water to adjust the pH value to 7-7.5, and uniformly stirring for the second composting fermentation;

(3) adding phosphogypsum and compound fertilizer into the materials obtained in the step (2) after the second composting fermentation, uniformly mixing, stacking for 5-7 days, uniformly stirring, and drying at 30-35 ℃ until the water content is 23-30% to obtain the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper.

Further, in the steps (1), (2) and (3), the rotating speed of the stirring is controlled to be 350-400 r/min, and the time is 15-20 min.

Further, an application of the special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper prepared by the preparation method is characterized in that: the fertilizer is applied to pepper planting and fertilizing, can reduce the incidence rate of pepper diseases and insect pests, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and ensure the yield and quality of peppers.

The traditional Chinese medicine residues contain rich organic matters, have certain nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients after fermentation, can improve the soil structure and increase the soil fertility, increase the content of organic matters in the soil, enable the roots of crops to develop well, improve the fertilizer efficiency utilization rate in the soil, and are traditional Chinese medicinal materials, so that the prepared biological organic fertilizer has the functions of expelling insects and avoiding harm. The traditional Chinese medicine residues used in the application consist of dried neem, chinaberry leaves, shrubalthea leaves, cambium croton leaves, cassia bark, ginseng, radix aconiti, pilose antler, lucid ganoderma, tuber fleeceflower root, golden cypress and dutchmanspipe root, and are comprehensive in nutrition after biological fermentation, so that the traditional Chinese medicine residues are rich in major elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and medium and trace elements, namely calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and the like, which are necessary for plant growth, wherein the medicine components are changed into nutrients after fermentation, and the traditional Chinese medicine residues have a unique good effect on improving the disease resistance of crops and reducing insect.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) this application adopts the combined bacterial agent to ferment other raw materialss, produces and can provide nutrient composition for the crop and promote crop growth, can improve the product of disease and pest resistance ability for the crop again, and after bio-organic fertilizer got into soil, the microorganism can loosen crop root soil in the activity process in soil, improves the soil gas permeability, promotes crop root breathing, and then improves the crop and to the absorption and the utilization of fertilizer, improves the fertilizer utilization ratio.

(2) Organic matters, compound fertilizers, traditional Chinese medicine residues, compound microbial agents and other raw materials are added into the raw materials, the compound fertilizers contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and boron elements required by growth of the peppers, and the traditional Chinese medicine residues are degraded by the compound microbial agents through fermentation in the preparation process, so that the fertilizers are rich in major elements, namely nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and medium trace elements, namely calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum, which are necessary for growth of the peppers.

(3) This application bio-organic fertilizer compatibility scientific and reasonable guarantees the hot pepper demand to nutrition in each period for the hot pepper can healthily grow, and still adds in the raw materials that plant ash, well dregs of a decoction etc. have the disinfection effect of disinfecting, can kill the insect pest of crop root after fertilizer is executed into soil, for the crop provides good growing environment, reduces the emergence of hot pepper plant diseases and insect pests, improves the hot pepper survival rate, and then promotes hot pepper high yield and improvement hot pepper quality.

Detailed Description

The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.

Example 1

Further, the traditional Chinese medicine residues are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of dried neem, 55-65 parts of chinaberry leaves, 50-60 parts of shrubalthea leaves, 50-60 parts of tender wicker leaves, 85-95 parts of cassia bark, 105-125 parts of ginseng, 105-125 parts of monkshood, 100-110 parts of pilose antler, 115-125 parts of lucid ganoderma, 115-125 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 75-85 parts of golden cypress and 90-100 parts of dutchmanspipe root, and the preparation method is characterized in that all the raw materials are uniformly mixed; the compound microbial inoculum is one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria; the compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of urea, 45-50 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 35-40 parts of nano calcium sulfate powder, 20-30 parts of magnesium sulfate and 15-25 parts of boric acid, and all the raw materials are uniformly mixed during preparation; the organic matter content is more than or equal to 66.3 percent, NP2O5K2O is more than or equal to 8.2 percent, the water content is less than or equal to 4.9 percent, and the effective viable count (cfu) is more than or equal to 0.22 hundred million plants/g.

A preparation method of a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper comprises the following steps:

(3) adding phosphogypsum and a compound fertilizer into the materials subjected to the second composting fermentation in the step (2), uniformly mixing, stacking for 5-7 d, uniformly stirring, and drying at 30-35 ℃ until the water content is 23-30% to prepare the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper; in the steps (1), (2) and (3), the rotating speed of the stirring is controlled to be 350-400 r/min, and the time is 15-20 min.

The application of the special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper prepared by the preparation method is characterized in that: the fertilizer is applied to pepper planting and fertilizing, can reduce the incidence rate of pepper diseases and insect pests, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and ensure the yield and quality of peppers.

Example 2

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 192 parts of organic matters, 51 parts of phosphogypsum, 228 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 227 parts of plant ash, 56 parts of fishpond sludge, 203 parts of biogas residues, 157 parts of pepper straws, 172 parts of edible fungus residues, 120 parts of compound fertilizers, 210 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 47 parts of compound microbial agents, and other conditions are unchanged.

Example 3

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 198 parts of organic matters, 54 parts of phosphogypsum, 232 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 233 parts of plant ash, 59 parts of fishpond sludge, 208 parts of biogas residues, 162 parts of pepper straws, 177 parts of edible fungus residues, 130 parts of compound fertilizers, 220 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 53 parts of compound microbial agents, and other conditions are unchanged.

Example 4

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 195 parts of organic matter, 53 parts of phosphogypsum, 230 parts of livestock manure, 230 parts of plant ash, 58 parts of fishpond sludge, 205 parts of biogas residues, 160 parts of pepper straws, 175 parts of edible fungus residues, 125 parts of compound fertilizer, 215 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 50 parts of compound microbial inoculum, and other conditions are unchanged.

Example 5

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the traditional Chinese medicine residues are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58 parts of chinaberry fruit cake, 60 parts of chinaberry leaf, 55 parts of shrubalthea leaf, 55 parts of tender corn branch and leaf, 90 parts of cassia bark, 115 parts of ginseng, 115 parts of monkshood, 105 parts of pilose antler, 120 parts of lucid ganoderma, 120 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 80 parts of golden cypress and 95 parts of dutchmanspipe root, and the other conditions are unchanged.

Example 6

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the compound microbial inoculum is bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacteria, and other conditions are unchanged.

Example 7

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: the compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 72 parts of urea, 48 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 37 parts of nano calcium sulfate powder, 25 parts of magnesium sulfate and 20 parts of boric acid, and other conditions are unchanged.

Example 8

The difference from the embodiment 1 is that: a preparation method of a special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper comprises the following steps:

(2) adding organic matters into the materials after the first composting fermentation in the step (1), adding water to adjust the pH value to 7.3, and performing second composting fermentation after uniformly stirring;

(3) adding phosphogypsum and compound fertilizer into the materials obtained in the second composting fermentation in the step (2), uniformly mixing, stacking for 6d, uniformly stirring, and drying at 33 ℃ until the water content is 27% to obtain the special bio-organic fertilizer for the hot pepper; in the steps (1), (2) and (3), the stirring rotating speed is controlled to 375r/min, and the time is 18 min; other conditions were unchanged.

Comparative example 1

The organic fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the examples in patent application CN 201610096913.7.

Comparative example 2

The organic fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the examples in patent application CN 201510456965.6.

Comparative example 3

The organic fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the examples in patent application CN 201711033620.5.

Comparative example 4

The organic fertilizer preparation was carried out according to the examples in patent application CN 201810089654.4.

To further illustrate that the present invention can achieve the technical effects, the following experiments were performed:

preparing an organic fertilizer according to the methods of examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-4, selecting 12 plots with equivalent areas and aspects for pepper planting, wherein 8 plots are used as experimental groups, and fertilizing pepper with the fertilizer prepared by the methods of examples 1-8; in addition, 4 plots are used as a control group, and the fertilizers prepared by the methods of comparative examples 1-4 are respectively adopted to fertilize the peppers; other planting methods and management modes are the same, after the peppers are harvested for the first time, the fertilizer utilization rate, the survival rate, the pest and disease incidence rate, the yield and the first-class yield are recorded, and the experimental results are shown in the following table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the experimental data in Table 1, compared with the prior art, the prepared fertilizer has the advantages of higher fertilizer utilization rate, higher survival rate, lower pest and disease incidence rate, higher yield and higher first-class yield.

In conclusion, the biological organic fertilizer has scientific and reasonable compatibility, ensures the requirement of the pepper on nutrition in each period, can provide nutrient components for the crops to promote the growth of the crops and can also improve the disease and pest resistance of the crops, and microorganisms in the fertilizer can loosen the soil at the roots of the crops in the moving process in the soil, improve the air permeability of the soil, promote the respiration of the roots of the crops, further improve the absorption and utilization of the crops on the fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, thereby improving the yield and the quality of the pepper; organic matters, compound fertilizers, traditional Chinese medicine residues, compound microbial agents and other raw materials are added in the raw materials, and are degraded by the compound microbial agents through fermentation, so that the fertilizer is rich in macroelements, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and medium and trace elements, such as calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and the like, which are necessary for plant growth, is comprehensive in nutrition, the problem of deficiency of pepper is avoided, and the fertilizer contains microorganisms, so that the absorption and utilization of the fertilizer by the pepper can be promoted, the growth and development of the pepper are promoted, and the yield and the quality of the pepper are further improved; and the raw materials are also added with substances with sterilization and disinfection effects such as plant ash, traditional Chinese medicine residues and the like, so that insect pests at the roots of crops can be killed after the fertilizer is applied to soil, a good growth environment is provided for the crops, the occurrence of pepper diseases and insect pests is reduced, the survival rate of the peppers is improved, the high yield of the peppers is promoted, and the quality of the peppers is improved.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. The special bio-organic fertilizer for the peppers is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 190-200 parts of organic matters, 50-55 parts of phosphogypsum, 225-235 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 225-235 parts of plant ash, 55-60 parts of fishpond sludge, 200-210 parts of biogas residues, 155-165 parts of pepper straws, 170-180 parts of edible fungus residues, 115-135 parts of compound fertilizers, 200-230 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 45-55 parts of compound microbial agents; the Chinese medicinal residue comprises Melia azadirachta Linn, folium Meliae, folium Hibisci, Citrus Zhu Zhiye, cortex Cinnamomi Japonici, Ginseng radix, radix Aconiti, cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Ganoderma, Polygoni Multiflori radix, cortex Phellodendri, and radix Aristolochice; the compound fertilizer consists of urea, monopotassium phosphate, nano calcium sulfate powder, magnesium sulfate and boric acid.

2. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 192-198 parts of organic matter, 51-54 parts of phosphogypsum, 228-232 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 227-233 parts of plant ash, 56-59 parts of fishpond sludge, 203-208 parts of biogas residues, 157-162 parts of pepper straws, 172-177 parts of edible fungus residues, 120-130 parts of compound fertilizer, 210-220 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 47-53 parts of compound microbial inoculum.

3. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper as claimed in claim 1, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 195 parts of organic matter, 53 parts of phosphogypsum, 230 parts of livestock manure, 230 parts of plant ash, 58 parts of fishpond sludge, 205 parts of biogas residues, 160 parts of pepper straws, 175 parts of edible fungus residues, 125 parts of compound fertilizer, 215 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residues and 50 parts of compound microbial inoculum.

4. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the traditional Chinese medicine residues are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-60 parts of dried neem, 55-65 parts of chinaberry leaves, 50-60 parts of shrubalthea leaves, 50-60 parts of tender wicker leaves, 85-95 parts of cassia bark, 105-125 parts of ginseng, 105-125 parts of monkshood, 100-110 parts of pilose antler, 115-125 parts of lucid ganoderma, 115-125 parts of polygonum multiflorum, 75-85 parts of golden cypress and 90-100 parts of dutchmanspipe root.

5. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the compound microbial inoculum is one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus mucilaginosus, azotobacter, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus niger, saccharomycetes, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and potassium solubilizing bacteria.

6. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-75 parts of urea, 45-50 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 35-40 parts of nano calcium sulfate powder, 20-30 parts of magnesium sulfate and 15-25 parts of boric acid, and all the raw materials are uniformly mixed during preparation.

7. The special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the organic matter content is more than or equal to 66.3 percent, NP₂O₅K₂O is more than or equal to 8.2 percent, water is less than or equal to 4.9 percent, and the effective viable count (cfu) is more than or equal to 0.22 hundred million plants/g.

8. The preparation method of the special bio-organic fertilizer for the peppers is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

9. The preparation method of the special bio-organic fertilizer for pepper according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: in the steps (1), (2) and (3), the rotating speed of the stirring is controlled to be 350-400 r/min, and the time is 15-20 min.

10. The application of the special bio-organic fertilizer for hot pepper prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that: the fertilizer is applied to pepper planting and fertilizing, can reduce the incidence rate of pepper diseases and insect pests, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and ensure the yield and quality of peppers.