CN110572439A - cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and virtual forwarding network bridge - Google Patents
cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and virtual forwarding network bridge Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
- H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
- H04L12/4625—Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
- H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
- H04L41/0806—Configuration setting for initial configuration or provisioning, e.g. plug-and-play
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/02—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for separating internal from external traffic, e.g. firewalls
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1095—Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
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Abstract
the invention provides a cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and a virtual forwarding bridge, which mainly aims at the problem of monitoring a virtual machine in a management network and a service network isolation scene under a cloud environment. The single-pass monitoring method can realize the monitoring of the private network virtual machine on the cloud on the premise of not changing the main body architecture of the OpenStack cloud platform, and has the advantages of less dependence on prior information, compatibility with different private network virtual machines with the same IP and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and a virtual forwarding network bridge.
Background
The cloud computing technology changes the operation mode of the enterprise IT service, and a plurality of organizations have urgent experience, and no matter which cloud solution is used, an arrangement engine needs to be introduced into an infrastructure so as to better embrace elasticity and expansibility and obtain excellent user experience. The current popular orchestration solution in the private cloud domain of OpenStack has brought thousands of enterprises into the next data center era. Due to the support of most IT great heads and the concerted efforts of large developer communities all over the world, the use of OpenStack is becoming more widespread, and each newer version of OpenStack brings many outstanding new functions. For many enterprises, embrace OpenStack is undoubtedly the best choice, because OpenStack not only can better carry traffic load, but also brings flexible infrastructure for enterprises. However, in the monitoring aspect of cloud infrastructure, the OpenStack community has not yet formed a mature monitoring scheme, so that other third-party monitoring solutions are generally adopted in the industry.
The Zabbix monitoring solution is widely used because of its high maturity and scalability. The Zabbix system is an enterprise-level open-source distributed monitoring solution. The web component not only facilitates daily management and maintenance, but also can output nearly perfect data diagram, topological diagram and various reports, and the special network automatic discovery and low-level automatic discovery functions of the web component not only greatly improve the working efficiency, but also reduce the possibility of human errors. The Zabbix is written by C/C + + language except the web front-end component, so that the Zabbix system has very high operation efficiency, and the distributed architecture design not only can make the Zabbix system very huge network monitoring, but also can easily realize a cross-region and cross-platform distributed monitoring solution. The centralized storage of the Zabbix system data not only facilitates daily configuration and management, but also enables further monitoring and analysis of the monitoring data. Therefore, many of the existing cloud manufacturers use the Zabbix-based open-source cloud monitoring scheme.
however, the existing cloud monitoring scheme based on Zabbix has certain problems, wherein the most important and most core problem is that the existing cloud monitoring scheme requires the network of the virtual machine and the network of the Zabbix server to be intercommunicated, and user names and passwords of all the virtual machines need to be provided, which cannot be used in some scenes with higher security requirements.
disclosure of Invention
aiming at the problems in the prior art, in order to solve the monitoring problem of the virtual machine in the network isolation scene and simultaneously reduce the influence on the original flow of the OpenStack as much as possible, the invention skillfully utilizes the OpenStack metadata service, simultaneously designs a virtual forwarding bridge, configures a DHCP namespace forwarding rule and a reverse proxy based on a Zabbix monitoring scheme, and introduces the monitoring flow into the back-end monitoring service from the inside of the virtual machine, thereby realizing the monitoring of the cloud virtual machine in the network isolation scene.
the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a design method for monitoring the virtual machine under the condition of meeting the isolation between the private network of the virtual machine and the Zabbix server network, and the user name password of the virtual machine does not need to be provided and the original cloud architecture does not need to be changed.
the technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a cloud monitoring design method based on OpenStack metadata service and a virtual forwarding bridge comprises the following steps:
step 1: an OpenStack cloud environment is constructed, a cloud server is selected, a physical network is configured, and a control node and a computing node are respectively deployed;
Step 2: creating a virtual forwarding network bridge for forwarding the monitoring flow at the control node, and configuring related information of the virtual forwarding network bridge;
and step 3: creating a virtual network and customizing a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, English) virtual name space;
and 4, step 4: constructing a monitoring service for receiving virtual machine monitoring flow data;
and 5: setting a reverse proxy for introducing monitoring traffic from the virtual monitoring bridge to the monitoring service;
step 6: and configuring a virtual machine monitoring agent for acquiring the internal monitoring data of the virtual machine and sending the internal monitoring data to the monitoring service.
the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, the cloud server performs initialization configuration of a management network and a service network: in the invention, each cloud server is provided with two network cards, one network card is used for managing the network, the other network card is used for a service network, the management network is a network plane for information interaction between a control node service and a computing node service, a cloud administrator accesses and controls a cloud platform through the management network, the service network is a network for communication of virtual machines on the cloud, network communication support is provided for service users, the cloud server control node is set to be positioned in a local area network during network configuration management, the computing node and the control node can be positioned in the local area network or can be configured with a cross-network segment, and during service network configuration, the cloud server is configured with a trunk (relay) corresponding to a switch port connected with the service network card, so that service network segments can be communicated through a physical switch;
step 1-2, deploying authentication, mirroring, computing, network and storage services at a control node, wherein the step is consistent with the existing open source OpenStack deployment step;
step 1-3, deploying computing service and network agent service on a computing node, wherein the step is consistent with the existing open source OpenStack deploying step;
And 1-4, after the service deployment of the control node and the computing node is finished, uploading the cloud virtual machine mirror image of the built-in Zabbix monitoring agent.
the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2-1, a virtual forwarding network bridge is established at a control node;
And 2-2, setting the IP address of the virtual forwarding network bridge as Zabbix _ br _ IP, wherein the configuration method is consistent with the IP configuration method of the common network card.
The step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, establishing a VXLAN isolation network (VXLAN, a Virtual Extensible LAN, which is a network virtualization technology) based on the OpenStack cloud environment;
As a further improvement, after step 3-1, the customized DHCP namespace is created by customization, introducing virtual machine monitoring traffic from inside the virtual machine to the virtual forwarding bridge, further comprising:
step 3-2, a pair of virtual equipment interfaces, namely, veth _ pair is created, and according to a DHCP namespace UUID (UUID is an abbreviation of universal Unique Identifier, Unique Identifier) of the vxlan isolation network, a mapping IP of the veth _ pair is calculated to be veth _ IP;
step 3-3, writing mapping information of the UUID and the IP address into a configuration file for recording a mapping relation;
Step 3-4, adding one end of a virtual equipment interface veth pair into a vxlan DHCP name space, adding the other end of the virtual equipment interface veth pair into a Zabbix _ br virtual monitoring bridge, and configuring a veth virtual port IP address in the DHCP name space as veth _ IP;
And 3-5, establishing a DHCP name space flow forwarding rule based on the source address translation SNAT and the destination address translation DNAT.
as a further improvement, in step 3-5, the forwarding rule is used for forwarding the virtual machine monitoring traffic from the virtual machine network to the virtual machine monitoring forwarding bridge, and includes the following rules:
Rule 1: intercepting monitoring traffic sent to a destination address 169.254.169.254 and a destination port of 10051 in the virtual machine, and modifying the destination address of a transmission message to be an address Zabbix _ br _ ip of a monitoring bridge, so as to introduce the traffic into a monitoring network;
Rule 2: further changing the source address of the monitoring message sent to Zabbix _ br _ ip by the destination into veth _ ip, thereby ensuring that the return message flowing into the monitoring service through the rule 1 can return to the virtual machine monitoring agent in the original way to form a communication closed loop;
wherein Zabbix _ br _ IP is the IP address of the virtual monitoring bridge set in the step 2, and veth _ IP is the veth virtual port IP address set in the step 3.
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4-1, selecting a server and installing monitoring service;
step 4-2, entering the built zabbix monitoring service management interface to create a virtual operating system monitoring template;
And 4-3, editing the monitoring template, configuring a virtual machine monitoring item, and checking main options including a CPU, a memory, a disk, a network and the like.
As a further improvement, in step 5, the TCP reverse proxy receives the virtual machine monitoring traffic of the virtual forwarding bridge and forwards the virtual machine monitoring traffic to the monitoring service, and specifically includes setting a reverse proxy monitoring port in a TCP mode, setting a backend service IP as an IP address according to the monitoring service, and setting a monitoring port as a port of the monitoring service.
The step 6 comprises the following steps:
step 6-1, creating a virtual machine based on a Zabbix agent cloud virtual machine image, and selecting a vxlan isolation network to enable the virtual machine to be isolated from a cloud server network and a Zabbix monitoring server network;
as a further improvement, the virtual machine monitoring agent obtains the virtual machine monitoring information and actively pushes the virtual machine monitoring information to the DHCP name space to which the virtual machine network belongs, and further includes:
step 6-2, configuring a monitoring agent configuration file, and setting a monitoring server IP address Serveractive configuration item in an active mode as an 169.254.169.254 address;
step 6-3, setting a specified reading frequency of a periodic RefreshActiveChecks configuration item of a monitored end to a server for acquiring a monitoring item, wherein the specified reading frequency can be generally set to 120 s;
and 6-4, starting the monitoring agent service.
step 2 of the present invention is mainly used for virtualizing a linux bridge inside the operating system of the control node and setting an IP address. The Linux bridge is used for realizing link layer relay and frame forwarding technology, partitioning and isolating collision according to MAC (media access control), is a device used for TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/Internet protocol) two-layer protocol exchange on LINUX, and has similar functions with a switch in the real world.
step 3 is the key of the method of the present invention, because the monitoring information of the virtual machine must be circulated through the virtual network, it is difficult to solve the problem of the conversion of the monitoring flow from the virtual network to the monitoring network. Each virtual network can create a corresponding virtual DHCP name space, and the network flow of the virtual machine can reach the DHCP name space, so that the problem is how to transfer the virtual machine flow from the DHCP name space to the forwarding bridge created in the host operating system in the step two. However, considering that many virtual networks are created inside the cloud, how to manage the switching relationship between the networks and the forwarding bridge is critical, the scheme proposes to realize the allocation of UUIDs to IPs through the UUIDs of the DHCP name spaces of the virtual networks by mapping rules, and write the allocation information into files to prevent the collision of the allocation information.
in step 4 of the invention, the installation and deployment of the monitoring service of Zabbix are mainly divided into the installation of a server component and a proxy component, and the Zabbix background service can be created based on a cloud server virtual machine.
Step 5 of the present invention is the second key to realize traffic switching, which is to realize that the virtual machine intranet monitoring traffic is switched from the control node to the key node of the Zabbix monitoring background, and monitor the monitoring information flowing into the Zabbix _ br forwarding bridge in step 2 by realizing TCP three-layer reverse proxy, and forward the monitoring information to the Zabbix monitoring background.
In step 6 of the invention, a cloud virtual machine needs to deploy a Zabbix Agent client Agent for realizing monitoring, and the key of the step is that the first active working mode of the Agent is used, and the internal monitoring Agent of the virtual machine obtains the address of a monitoring background server to be connected through a configuration file, but the traditional method needs additional host modification due to the change of the IP of the monitoring background server and needs prior information such as a host user name, a password and the like. The invention has the advantages that the special IP address 169.254.169.254 of the OpenStack metadata service is utilized, the background server address of the monitoring agent is changed into the special IP address, the special IP address is positioned in the DHCP name space, and the monitoring flow is transferred to the monitoring background through the step 2 and the step 3, so that the configuration built in the monitoring agent does not need to be changed, and the monitoring agent can be configured in advance to form a cloud base mirror image, thereby being once and for all.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) The problem of network isolation of a virtual network and a monitoring background is broken through, and monitoring of a virtual machine under a network isolation scene can be realized;
(2) the problem that monitoring services cannot be distinguished due to the fact that the internal virtual IPs of different private networks are the same is solved, and monitoring can be conducted even if the internal virtual IPs of the different private networks are the same through reasonably managing the connection relation between the DHCP name space and the Zabbix _ br bridge;
(3) The original cloud architecture is not influenced, and flow forwarding is realized through a plug-in transfer bridge based on an OpenStack metadata service mechanism;
(4) The prior information is less dependent, the user name and the password of the virtual machine do not need to be known, and the agent configuration file does not need to be additionally modified.
Drawings
the foregoing and/or other advantages of the invention will become further apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the design scheme of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the design steps of the present invention.
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a DHCP virtual name space mapping management in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of monitoring traffic forwarding in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an example scenario diagram in the present invention.
Detailed Description
with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the cloud monitoring design method based on the OpenStack metadata service and the virtual forwarding bridge of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1: an OpenStack cloud environment is constructed, a cloud server is selected, a physical network is configured, and a control node and a computing node are respectively deployed;
(1) The cloud server carries out initialization configuration of a management network and a service network;
(2) Deploying authentication, mirroring, computing, network and storage services at a control node;
(3) Deploying computing service and network Agent service at the computing node;
(4) And after the cloud service deployment is finished, uploading the cloud virtual machine mirror image with the built-in Zabbix Agent.
step 2: as shown in fig. 3, a forwarding bridge for monitoring traffic is created at a control node, and relevant information is configured;
(1) Creating a Zabbix monitoring bridge Zabbix _ br at the control node;
(2) setting an IP address of Zabbix;
and step 3: creating a virtual network and establishing a customized DHCP virtual name space
(1) establishing a vxlan isolation network based on a cloud management platform;
(2) creating a veth path, calculating a mapping IP of the veth path according to a DHCP namespace UUID of the vxlan network, and configuring an IP address of a veth virtual port;
(3) Writing the mapping information of the UUID and the IP into an allocation file;
(4) adding one end of a veth pair into a vxlan DHCP name space, and adding the other end into a Zabbix _ br monitoring bridge;
(5) establishing a DHCP name space flow forwarding rule based on the SNAT and the DNAT;
and 4, step 4: constructing a monitoring service based on Zabbix to ensure that a monitoring environment is communicated with a cloud environment;
(1) Selecting a server and installing Zabbix background service;
(2) creating a virtual operating system monitoring template;
(3) setting a monitoring mode as active monitoring;
(4) Configuring virtual machine monitoring items including a CPU, a memory, a disk, a network and the like;
and 5: setting a reverse proxy, and introducing monitoring flow from the virtual monitoring bridge to a monitoring background;
Deploying a TCP reverse proxy, setting a reverse proxy monitoring port in a mode of TCP, setting a back-end service IP as an IP address according to the Zabbix background service, and setting the monitoring port as a Zabbix background service port;
Step 6: and deploying a cloud virtual machine, and configuring a monitoring agent.
(1) Creating a virtual machine based on the Zabbix agent image, and selecting a vxlan network to isolate the virtual machine from a cloud server network and a monitoring server;
(2) entering a virtual machine configuration monitoring agent, and setting a ServerActive configuration item as an 169.254.169.254 address.
(3) setting a RefreshActiveChecks configuration item to specify a reading frequency;
(4) The monitoring agent service is initiated.
as shown in fig. 4, the flow process of the monitoring information starts from the inside of the virtual machine, the monitoring agent sends 169.254.169.254 a special IP address, so as to enter the DHCP name space of the virtual network where the virtual machine is located, after entering the space, the monitoring information is forwarded through the SNAT and DNAT rules, and enters the Zabbix _ br bridge through the veth virtual network card at one side of the DHCP name space, because the TCP reverse agent monitors the address and the port through the Zabbix _ br bridge, once the monitoring information is received, the monitoring information is sent to the background monitoring service through the reverse agent, so that the task of monitoring information flow is completed at this time.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to examples:
example (b):
The invention is described in further detail below in connection with a real cloud environment. The cloud environment mainly comprises three servers and a client, and comprises software including a cloud management platform, a virtualization platform and a monitoring platform. Deployment as in fig. 5, server parameter settings are as in tables 1 and 2 below:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
by constructing the real cloud environment and constructing the monitoring platform according to the design scheme of the invention, the internal monitoring agent of the virtual machine can report the monitoring data to the monitoring background under the condition that the virtual machine network and the Zabbix monitoring server network are not communicated. The specific verification method comprises the following steps:
firstly, whether the virtual machine is communicated with a monitoring service network or not is detected in the test virtual machine, a ping method can be adopted for testing, and the detection result indicates that the virtual machine is not communicated with the monitoring service network; secondly, logging in the monitoring service, retrieving the monitoring data of the virtual machine according to the IP of the test virtual machine, wherein the retrieval result is that the monitoring data of the virtual machine can be checked, and updating the monitoring data in real time according to the configured updating rate.
the test conclusion shows that the method can solve the problem of monitoring the virtual machine in a network isolation scene.
The present invention provides a cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and virtual forwarding bridge, and the method and the way for implementing the technical solution are many, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and embellishments may be made, and these improvements and embellishments should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (8)
1. a cloud monitoring method based on metadata service and a virtual forwarding bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Step 1: an OpenStack cloud environment is constructed, a cloud server is selected, a physical network is configured, and a control node and a computing node are respectively deployed;
Step 2: creating a virtual forwarding network bridge for forwarding the monitoring flow at the control node, and configuring related information of the virtual forwarding network bridge;
and step 3: creating a virtual network and customizing a DHCP virtual name space;
and 4, step 4: constructing a monitoring service for receiving virtual machine monitoring flow data;
and 5: setting a reverse proxy for introducing monitoring traffic from the virtual monitoring bridge to the monitoring service;
step 6: and configuring a virtual machine monitoring agent for acquiring the internal monitoring data of the virtual machine and sending the internal monitoring data to the monitoring service.
2. the method of claim 1, wherein step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 1-1, the cloud server carries out initialization configuration of a management network and a service network;
Step 1-2, deploying authentication, mirroring, calculation, network and storage services at a control node;
step 1-3, deploying computing service and network agent service at a computing node;
And 1-4, uploading the cloud virtual machine mirror image of the built-in monitoring agent after the OpenStack cloud environment deployment is completed.
3. the method of claim 2, wherein step 2 comprises the steps of:
step 2-1, a virtual monitoring bridge Zabbix _ br is established at a control node;
and 2-2, setting the IP address of the virtual forwarding bridge as Zabbix _ br _ IP.
4. a method according to claim 3, characterized in that step 3 comprises the steps of:
Step 3-1, establishing a vxlan isolation network based on the OpenStack cloud environment;
step 3-2, a pair of virtual equipment interfaces veth _ pair is created, and a mapping IP of the veth _ pair is calculated to be veth _ IP according to a DHCP namespace UUID of the vxlan isolation network;
Step 3-3, writing mapping information of the UUID and the IP address into a configuration file for recording a mapping relation;
step 3-4, adding one end of a virtual equipment interface veth pair into a vxlan DHCP name space, adding the other end of the virtual equipment interface veth pair into a Zabbix _ br virtual monitoring bridge, and configuring a veth virtual port IP address in the DHCP name space as veth _ IP;
and 3-5, establishing a DHCP name space flow forwarding rule based on the source address translation SNAT and the destination address translation DNAT.
5. the method according to claim 4, wherein in step 3-5, the forwarding rule is:
Rule 1: intercepting monitoring traffic sent to a destination address 169.254.169.254 and a destination port of 10051 in the virtual machine, and modifying the destination address of a transmission message to be an address Zabbix _ br _ ip of a monitoring bridge, so as to introduce the traffic into a monitoring network;
rule 2: further changing the source address of the monitoring message sent to Zabbix _ br _ ip by the destination into veth _ ip, thereby ensuring that the return message flowing into the monitoring agent through the rule 1 can return to the virtual machine monitoring agent in the original way to form a communication closed loop;
wherein Zabbix _ br _ IP is the IP address of the monitoring bridge set in step 2, and veth _ IP is the veth virtual port IP address set in step 3.
6. the method of claim 5, wherein step 4 comprises the steps of:
step 4-1, selecting a server and installing monitoring service;
step 4-2, creating a virtual operating system monitoring template;
And 4-3, configuring a virtual machine monitoring item, including a CPU, a memory, a disk and a network.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein step 5 comprises: deploying a TCP reverse proxy, setting a reverse proxy monitoring port in a mode of TCP, setting a back-end service IP as an IP address according to the monitoring service, and setting the monitoring port as a port of the monitoring service.
8. the method of claim 7, wherein step 6 comprises the steps of:
step 6-1, creating a virtual machine based on a Zabbix agent cloud virtual machine image, and selecting a vxlan isolation network to isolate the virtual machine from a network where Zabbix monitoring service is located;
Step 6-2, configuring a monitoring agent configuration file, and setting a monitoring server IP address Serveractive configuration item in an active mode as an 169.254.169.254 address;
step 6-3, setting a specified reading frequency of a periodic RefreshActiveChecks configuration item of a monitored item acquired from a monitored end to a server;
and 6-4, starting the monitoring agent service.
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