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CN110475952B - 隔热、耐用、反射的旋绕套管及其构造方法 - Google Patents

隔热、耐用、反射的旋绕套管及其构造方法 Download PDF

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CN110475952B
CN110475952B CN201880023280.4A CN201880023280A CN110475952B CN 110475952 B CN110475952 B CN 110475952B CN 201880023280 A CN201880023280 A CN 201880023280A CN 110475952 B CN110475952 B CN 110475952B
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史蒂夫·加兰巴
高天琪
凯西·马洛伊
何伟杰
尼古拉斯·德蓬佩奥
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Federal Mogul Powertrain LLC
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    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/148—Multiple layers of insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N13/1816—Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration the pipe sections being joined together by flexible tubular elements only, e.g. using bellows or strip-wound pipes
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    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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Abstract

提供一种隔热、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管及其构造方法。套管包括编织的耐热内层、反射金属外层和夹在内层和外层之间的中间层。内层被构造成具有暴露于套管的内腔的内表面，外层被构造成具有暴露于周围环境的外反射表面。中间层由纺织材料构成，并邻接地夹在内层和外层之间。外层和中间层是旋绕的，而内层为圆柱形管状。

Description

隔热、耐用、反射的旋绕套管及其构造方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2017年2月9日提交的序号为62/457,041的美国临时专利申请和2018年2月8日提交的序号为15/892,242的美国实用专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
背景技术
1.技术领域
本申请总体涉及用于保护细长构件的管状套管，尤其涉及具有绝缘和反射特性的管状旋绕套管。
2.相关技术
车辆排放标准正变得越来越严格。因此，其目标是减少氮氧化物、碳氢化合物、一氧化碳和微粒物质的排放。为了实现这一目标，希望将废气排放物保持在尽可能高的温度，以便让气体和微粒在排放到大气中之前被烧掉。目前的排气系统包括围绕排气管而设置的管状套管，以将废气保持在高温下；然而，已知的套管具有耐久性问题，例如基于矿物纤维的套管的套管随着时间的推移由于持续暴露在高温下而变得易碎，并且在被碎片撞击以及持续暴露在振动中时，进一步失去结构完整性。此外，已知的例如纺织套管或编织套管的织物套管具有相对开放的交错结构，从而允许油或其他流体被困在套管的织物内，随着时间的推移会导致热反射问题。另外，由于保护性织物套管的最小厚度，部分由于有限的可用空间，热套管通常不能防止从排气系统的入口位置到出口位置排气温度下降。
根据本申请制造的套管克服或极大地减小了热绝缘的反射织物套管变脆、被碎片损坏的趋势，且耐流体，并使得防止从入口到出口废气温度降低的能力得到增强。
发明内容
提供了一种隔热、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管，用于使通过排气管的废气的温度降低最小化。所述套管包括编织的耐热内层、反射金属外层和夹在所述内层和外层之间的中间层。所述内层被构造成具有暴露于所述套管的内腔的内表面，所述外层被构造成具有暴露于周围环境的外反射表面。所述中间层由纺织材料构成，夹在所述内层和外层的之间并与之邻接。所述外层和中间层是旋绕的，从而为所述套管提供更强的柔韧性，以便在弯曲路径上布线。
根据本申请的另一方面，所述外层和中间层用热固性粘合剂彼此粘合。
根据本申请的另一方面，所述内层由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织而成。
根据本申请的另一方面，所述中间层由玻璃纤维复丝纱线纺织而成。
根据本申请的另一方面，所述外层是选自铝和不锈钢之一的金属箔。
根据本申请的另一方面，所述外层具有重叠区域和非重叠区域，其中所述重叠区域彼此粘合。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种构造绝缘、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管的方法，用于使通过排气管的废气的温度降低最小化。该方法包括：提供编织的耐热圆柱形管状内层、反射金属外层和纺织中间层；然后，将所述中间层和外层彼此粘合；进一步地，形成具有旋绕形状的所述外层和中间层，并将所述内层设置在所述中间层内。
根据本申请的另一方面，该方法还包括用热固性粘合剂将所述中间层和外层彼此粘合。
根据本申请的另一方面，该方法还包括将所述内层设置为由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织的纺织织物。
根据本申请的另一方面，该方法还包括将所述中间层设置为由玻璃纤维复丝纺织的织物。
根据本申请的另一方面，该方法还包括将所述外层设置为由铝和不锈钢之一形成的金属箔。
根据本申请的另一方面，该方法还包括将所述外层螺旋缠绕在所述中间层周围，并形成彼此粘合的所述外层的重叠区域。
附图简要说明
鉴于以下对当前优选实施例及最佳模式、所附权利要求和附图的详细描述，本申请的这些以及其他方面、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员将变得显而易见，其中：
图1是根据本申请的一方面构造的绝缘、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管的侧视图，示出为围绕细长构件设置；以及
图2是大致沿图1中的套管的线2-2截取的横截面侧视图。
优选实施方式详细说明
更详细地参考附图，图1示出了根据本申请的一方面构造的绝缘、柔韧的、耐用的反射排气管套管10，用于使通过排气管13的废气的温度降低最小化。所述套管10能够抵抗碎片和流体污染造成的损坏，并且阻止热量从所述排气管13向外辐射。最佳地如图2的横截面所示，所述套管10包括弹性壁11，所述弹性壁11可以被挤压或以其他方式被压缩，然后弹性地回弹或返回其构造的管状构造，而不损害所述套管10的保护性物理性能。这样，所述套管10保持有用的形状和功能，即使在储存、运输、进程或使用中无意中被挤压或压缩。所述壁11的这些协同功能仅由内层12、外层14和夹在所述内层12和外层14之间的中间层16提供，其中层12、14、16中的至少一个或多个有弹性。
所述内层12被构造成具有直圆柱形内表面18和直圆柱形外表面19，其中所述内表面18暴露于所述套管10的内腔20。所述外层14被构造成具有暴露于周围环境E中的反射性的外表面22。所述中间层16被构造成纺织织物，夹在所述内层12和外层14之间并与之邻接。所述外层14和中间层16被旋绕以便为所述壁11提供彼此紧邻的旋绕体C，从而增强了所述套管10在弯曲路径上弯曲和布线的能力，而不会损坏或以其他方式损害所述套管10的功能。旋绕体C通过在具有相邻和邻接或大致互相邻接的旋绕体C的折叠部分的区域中有效地加厚所述壁11，以及通过在所述内层12的所述外表面19和所述中间层16之间形成气穴26，有助于改善所述套管10的热障性能。
所述内层12被构造为由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织的圆柱形管状织物。编织线可以通过互锁、1×1肋、2×2肋或两种模式的组合形成。所述内层12的开放式编织结构提供了最佳的隔热性能，从而使传导到所述中间层16和外层14的热最小化。此外，在编织时，所述内层12可以很容易地围绕弯曲路径上的所述排气管13和所述管道13的不同直径安装。在被插入到所述中间层16和外层14内后，所述内层12保持圆柱形管状，因此不会呈现所述中间层16和外层14的旋绕状，从而形成所述气隙26。
所述中间层16由玻璃纤维复丝纱线纺织而成。编织图案优选是平织，但是，本文预期可以使用任何期望的编织图案，例如斜纹、篮子或其他。
所述外层14由金属箔材料构成。所述金属箔材料可以设置为复合叠层或单片金属材料。所述金属箔材料可包括各种类型的金属，包括不锈钢或铝。因此，如果设置为复合叠层，则至少一种金属材料设置在所述叠层内，并且进一步优选地存在于所述外表面22上以形成反射表面，从而有利于所述套管10反射存在于环境E中的辐射热的能力以及保持所述套管10内的热量的能力。另外，如果设置为单个单片层，则所述金属材料可以设置为钢箔或铝箔。无论金属材料的类型如何，所述外层14都被设置为薄层，因此允许所述外层14容易地被压缩，而随后在所述内层12和中间层16的偏压下返回或基本上返回其原始管状构造。例如通过螺旋缠绕，所述外层14围绕所述中间层16缠绕，并且可以在重叠区域25处与自身粘合。所述外层14可以在围绕所述中间层16缠绕之前涂覆有粘合剂，因此重叠区域25在相互接触后彼此粘合。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种构造套管10的方法。该方法包括，参考上述层，将粘合剂施加到所述外层14的内表面，然后围绕所述管状的纺织中间层16螺旋缠绕所述外层14，从而将所述外层14的重叠边缘彼此固定且将所述外层14固定到所述中间层16。
围绕所述中间层16的管状结构施加所述弹性外层14时，该方法还包括在所述外层14和中间层16中形成旋绕体C，以便为所述管状构造提供更强的柔韧、绝缘性和热障性能。然后，所述圆柱形管状内层12可以设置在所述中间层16内，并通过诸如卡扣的紧固机构，作为示例而非限制，固定到所述中间层16上。
显然，根据上述教导，本申请的许多修改和变型都是可能的。可以预期的是，所有权利要求和实施例的所有特征可以彼此组合，只要这种组合不会彼此矛盾。因此，应该理解的是，在所附权利要求的范围内，本申请可以以不同于具体描述的方式实施。

Claims (16)

1.一种隔热、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管，用于使通过排气管的废气的温度降低最小化，包括：
编织的耐热内层，所述内层具有暴露于所述套管的内腔的内表面；
反射金属外层，所述外层被构造成具有暴露于周围环境的外反射表面；和
夹在所述内层和所述外层之间的中间层，所述中间层是纺织材料并邻接地夹在所述内层和所述外层之间，
其中，所述外层和所述中间层是旋绕的，从而为所述套管提供更强的绝缘性能和柔韧性，以便在弯曲的路径上布线，其中，所述内层不是旋绕的并且为圆柱形管状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的套管，其中，所述外层和所述中间层用热固性粘合剂彼此粘合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的套管，其中，所述内层由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的套管，其中，所述中间层由玻璃纤维复丝纱线纺织而成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的套管，其中，所述外层是由铝和不锈钢之一制成的金属箔。
6.根据权利要求1所述的套管，其中，所述外层具有重叠区域和非重叠区域，其中所述重叠区域彼此粘合。
7.一种隔热、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管，用于使通过排气管的废气的温度降低最小化，由：
编织的耐热内层，所述内层具有暴露于所述套管的内腔的内表面；
反射金属外层，所述外层被构造成具有暴露于周围环境的外反射表面；和
夹在所述内层和所述外层之间的中间层组成，所述中间层是纺织材料并邻接地夹在所述内层和所述外层之间，
其中，所述外层和所述中间层是旋绕的，从而为所述套管提供更强的绝缘性能和柔韧性，以便在弯曲的路径上布线，其中，所述内层不是旋绕的并且为圆柱形管状。
8.根据权利要求7所述的套管，其中，所述内层由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织而成。
9.根据权利要求7所述的套管，其中，所述中间层由玻璃纤维复丝纱线纺织而成。
10.根据权利要求7所述的套管，其中，所述外层是由铝和不锈钢之一制成的金属箔。
11.一种构造绝缘、柔韧、耐用的反射排气管套管的方法，用于使通过排气管的废气的温度降低最小化，包括：
提供编织的圆柱形管状且非旋绕的耐热内层、反射金属外层和纺织中间层；
将所述中间层和所述外层彼此粘合；
形成具有旋绕形状的所述外层和所述中间层；以及
将所述圆柱形管状且非旋绕的耐热内层设置在具有旋绕形状的所述中间层内。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括用热固性粘合剂将所述中间层和外层彼此粘合。
13.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括将所述内层设置为由基于矿物纤维的复丝编织的纺织织物。
14.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括将所述中间层设置为由玻璃纤维复丝纺织的织物。
15.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括将所述外层设置为由铝和不锈钢之一形成的金属箔。
16.根据权利要求11所述的方法，还包括将所述外层螺旋缠绕在所述中间层周围，并将所述外层的重叠区域彼此粘合。
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