CN110461299B - 改善水包油乳液的感官特性的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种改善局部施用的水包油型乳液(E0)的感官和/或美学特性的方法,其特征在于,所述乳液包括有效量的饱和环状或非环状、直链或支链烃的混合物(M1),在所述烃中按重量计至少95%具有15至19个碳原子;本发明还涉及一种新型防晒霜乳液及其用于保护皮肤的用途。
Description
本发明的主题是一种用于改善人体皮肤上的水包油型乳液的感官和美学特性的新颖方法。
局部施用的大量化妆品制剂的目的是保护皮肤、粘膜和头皮免受外部和环境攻击和应力。例如,消费者正在寻找施用于皮肤的制剂,该制剂会保护皮肤免受长时间暴露于太阳紫外线辐射的有害和不美观的影响,或者在越来越多地频繁暴露于大气、并且更特别是城市大气中中存在的污染剂后,该制剂会防止对其皮肤完整性的有害改变。
为了满足这些旨在在面对所识别的外部元素或自然老化时维持和/或恢复皮肤完整性的需求,化妆品和皮肤化妆品工业在过去几十年中已开发了用于改善消费者需要的性能水平的新的特定成分。
此外,消费者还在等待由化妆品和皮肤化妆品组合物提供的感官和美学类型的特性,这给予他们在施用于皮肤期间和之后的幸福感,以及对化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂的外观的认同,这反过来指的是质量标准。因此,消费者正在寻找化妆品或皮肤化妆品组合物,其高稠度(称为“油腻度”)通常与施用于皮肤期间和之后的皮肤舒适感相关。当涂抹化妆品或皮肤化妆品组合物的步骤容易时,即当其持续时间减少或更具体地不因在所述涂抹期间皮肤上的阻力而被延长时和/或当消费者必须在皮肤上施加高剪切力时(还导致在涂抹时更高速的施加和/或在所述涂抹阶段期间施加更高强度的力),该舒适感增加。
在具体情况下,例如在旨在预防太阳紫外线辐射对皮肤的不利影响(发红、红斑和灼伤)的化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂的情况下,或者在旨在通过局部施用进行抗炎和抗风湿治疗的乳膏(包括例如布洛芬、樟脑、双氯芬酸或丁香油)的情况下,所述制剂或乳膏的特征在于在涂抹期间难以使用它们,已经观察到消费者在实施所述保护或护理产品的施用程序时不太严格。因此,它们经常施用太少的产品和/或以未充分保持的频率施用,于是这导致对皮肤的保护比资料单和/或包装上给出的少。
因此,为了促进更好和更频繁地将这些预防和保护制剂施用于皮肤,对所述制剂而言重要的是具有令人愉快的感官特性并且可以均匀且快速地将它们涂抹在皮肤上,而不涉及太大的施用强度。
此外,消费者寻求不会不利地改变皮肤的外观(例如通过留下少量薄膜形式的油性残余物)的化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂,相反,给予皮肤哑光外观的化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂将是优选的和所寻求的。
最后,化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂的外观可以构成选择标准并且证实对消费者使用具有吸引力。因此,在储存后在表面处显示出轻微的淡黄色油层的具有不均匀外观的化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂将不被认为是有吸引力的,而相反,在长期储存后是均匀的并且具有有光泽的外观的化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂将被认为是有吸引力的,因为它反映了质量的外部形象。
考虑到所有这些要求,本领域技术人员只能注意到大量的保护和护理产品,例如防晒产品或用于局部治疗炎症的产品,其显示出很大的功效,但是当它们在皮肤上涂抹时产生油腻和令人不快的感觉,所述涂抹必须在需要较高的施用速度的相对长的时间段内进行。
这些保护和护理制剂可以是呈水包油型乳液的形式,以便能够通过使皮肤与水相接触而提供更愉快的感觉,但是维持所述水包油乳液的稳定性所需的表面活性剂或聚合物乳化剂还可能通过在其施用于皮肤期间和之后赋予乳液厚重感而在施用期间引起不适。
一种替代方案可以包括开发油包水型乳液,其通过特别使用蜡和直链脂肪醇增稠油相来稳定,所述蜡和直链脂肪醇的烃基链包含14至22个碳原子。硅酮弹性体也用于稳定这种油包水型乳液,但所述硅酮弹性体还涉及通过施用所述乳液而如此处理的皮肤的感官特性的劣化。此外,在某些情况下,使用这些硅酮弹性体作为油包水防晒乳液的稳定剂会改变所用防晒剂的溶解度,于是该防晒剂在储存期间可能从瓶中沉淀。
为了避免面临油包水型乳液和水包油型乳液二者的上述缺点,配方设计师必须开发具有改善的涂抹特性的乳液,因此使消费者能够将乳液施用于皮肤而不会遇到与敷抹器设定的运动相反的摩擦力,从而减慢所述施用和/或需要更高的涂抹速度。
以EP 2 644 188 A1号公开的欧洲专利申请传授了具有改善的在皮肤上涂抹的特性的水包油型乳液,其包含以下各项的组合:至少一种交联且非乳化的硅酮树脂,至少一种聚乙烯醇,聚丙烯酰胺型增稠剂,选自由以下各项组成的组的元素的油:甘油三酯型植物油、蜡、乙氧基化脂肪醇、脂肪酸酯、脂肪酸、脂肪醇、硅油和全氟油。
以WO 2011/065771号公开的国际申请披露并传授了在水包油包水型乳液的施用过程中提供的涂抹和柔软性,所述乳液由包含以下各项的油包水型乳液制备:基于硅酮的乳化剂、二-多羟基烷基型乳化剂、锂蒙脱石型矿物增稠剂和极性油。
这些现有技术的解决方案描述了通过使用硅酮化合物和其他表面活性剂改善乳液的涂抹特性,本领域技术人员在考虑可持续发展的方法中寻求替代方案,更具体地说,在使用不释放和/或其生产不涉及挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的成分和/或根据现行的监管标准使用可生物降解成分和/或使用植物来源成分而不再使用化石来源成分的方法中寻求替代方案。通过在化妆品制剂中使用被认为是塑料的聚合物实现了寻求的一些美学特性,例如旨在赋予皮肤哑光外观的美学特性,并且因此寻求了在皮肤上获得哑光效果的替代方案。
更具体地,已知硅酮衍生物,例如聚硅氧烷家族的化学物质和组合物,给予水包油乳液改善的感官特性,特别是在易于涂抹和在施用后限制皮肤上的脂质残留物方面。然而,与这些成分相关的环境特征需要寻找替代品,其提供类似的感官特性同时具有符合现行和未来法规并且符合消费者对该主题的要求的环境特征。通过使用包含大量环烷烃的烷烃组合物制备水包油化妆品乳液,已经证明了部分令人满意的替代方案;所述烷烃混合物具有令人满意的生物可降解性特性和令人满意的感觉特性,但认为还有改进的空间。
因此,需要开发化妆品或皮肤化妆品制剂,其具有改善的感官特性,特别是提供油腻感并且易于在皮肤上涂抹,并且具有改善的和/或有吸引力的美学特征,例如,其特征在于改善的光泽外观并赋予皮肤哑光和不反光的外观。
因此,诸位发明人寻求开发一种新的用于改善局部使用的水包油型乳液的感官和美学特性的解决方案,而不必使用硅酮衍生物,而是使用植物和/或生物可降解来源的化学组合物。
因此,根据第一方面,本发明的主题是一种用于改善水包油型乳液(E0)的感官和/或美学特性的方法,所述感官特性是所述局部乳液(E0)的涂抹特性和稠度和油腻度特性,其特征在于,将有效量的环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃的混合物(M1)掺入所述水包油型乳液(E0)中,在所述烃中按重量计至少95%包含15至19个碳原子。
根据一个特定方面,所述水包油型乳液(E0)不含牛油树脂。
出于本发明的目的,水包油(E0)中的术语“感官特性”表示由将由上述方法产生的水包油型乳液(E)施用于皮肤的使用者感觉和注意到的感觉,对应于所述乳液(E)的物理化学和/或流变学特征。
出于本发明的目的,术语“美学特性”表示与使用的水包油乳液(E)本身相关并且还与施用所述局部使用的水包油乳液(E)后的皮肤状况相关的视觉特征。
术语“有效量”表示在如上定义的方法的定义中的下述量,其使得由上述方法产生的局部使用的水包油型乳液(E):显示出作为在1弧度.s-1与4弧度.s-1之间的施用速度的函数的摩擦系数变化的至少三次测量的平均值,其为最初对于等于1弧度.s-1的施用于皮肤的速度测量的值的小于或等于10%;所述摩擦系数在每次测量期间通过DHR2流变仪(TA仪器公司(TA Instruments))记录,所述流变仪配备有帕尔贴(Peltier)板型支撑物,在所述支撑物上放置有树脂玻璃表面,待测试的乳液沉积在所述树脂玻璃表面上。
出于本发明的目的,术语“水包油型乳液(E0)”表示这样的乳液,其按其重量的100%计包含:
-95%至50%,更特别是90%至70%的化妆品上可接受的水相(A0);
-5%至50%,更特别是10%至30%的脂肪相(G0),所述脂肪相(G0)按其重量的100%计包含,1%至12%、更特别是2%至8%的至少一种水包油型表面活性剂和88%至99%、更特别是92%至98%的至少一种油和/或一种蜡。
出于本发明的目的,如上定义的水包油型乳液(E0)的脂肪相(G0)中存在的术语“油”表示不溶于水并且在25℃的温度下呈液体形式的化学物质或化学物质的混合物。
出于本发明的目的,如上定义的水包油型乳液(E0)的脂肪相(G0)中存在的术语“蜡”表示不溶于水并且在45℃的温度下呈固体形式的化学物质或化学物质的混合物。
出于本发明的目的,如上定义的水包油型局部乳液(E0)的脂肪相(G0)中存在的术语“油包水型表面活性剂”表示可以使连续相(A0)中的分散体中的所述脂肪相(G0)的液滴稳定化的化学物质的混合物的化学物质。
作为如上定义的水包油型乳液(E0)的脂肪相(G0)中存在的水包油型表面活性剂,可以提及例如:
-由1摩尔当量的脱水山梨糖醇酯和5至20摩尔当量的环氧乙烷的乙氧基化反应产生,并且更特别是由1摩尔当量的脱水山梨糖醇月桂酸酯、脱水山梨糖醇棕榈酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇硬脂酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇异硬脂酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇油酸酯和5至20摩尔当量的环氧乙烷之间的乙氧基化反应产生的聚山梨醇酯;
-由1摩尔当量的脂肪酸(例如棕榈酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸)和5至40摩尔当量的环氧乙烷之间的乙氧基化反应产生的产物;
-由脂肪酸(例如棕榈酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸、花生酸、山嵛酸)和4至20摩尔当量、更特别是3至10摩尔当量的甘油之间的酯化反应产生的产物。
在水包油型乳液的水相(A0)的定义中使用的表述“化妆品上可接受的”意思是,根据通过1993年6月14日的指令号93/35/EEC修订的1976年7月27日的欧洲经济共同体理事会指令号76/768/EEC,旨在与人体的各部分(表皮、体毛和头发系统、指甲、嘴唇和生殖器)、或者与牙齿和口腔粘膜接触(为了专有并且主要地清洗它们、使它们变香、改变它们的外观和/或矫正它们的体臭和/或保护它们或保持它们处于良好状态的目的)的任何物质或制剂。作为本发明主题的这些组合物的化妆品上可接受的介质通常可含有水,一种或多种化妆品上可接受的有机溶剂,或水和一种或多种有机溶剂的混合物。化妆品上可接受的溶剂可以更特别地选自多元醇,例如甘油、二甘油、甘油低聚物、乙二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、二甘醇、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、山梨糖醇或水溶性醇。
根据如上定义的方法的一种特定模式,术语“所述混合物(M1)的有效量”表示重量比例为水包油乳液的1%至25%,最特别地5%至20%。
在如上定义的方法的定义中使用的表述“局部使用”是指所述组合物通过施用于皮肤、头发、头皮或粘膜使用,无论它是在化妆品、皮肤化妆品、皮肤药物或药物组合物的情况下的直接施用,还是例如在呈纺织品或纸擦拭物形式的身体卫生产品或旨在与皮肤或粘膜接触的卫生产品的情况下的间接施用。
出于本发明的目的,在作为本发明主题的方法中使用的混合物(M1)中存在的并且包含15至19个碳原子的术语“直链烷烃”更具体地表示选自由以下各项组成的组的元素:十五烷、十六烷、十七烷、十八烷和十九烷。
出于本发明的目的,在作为本发明主题的方法中使用的混合物(M1)中存在的并且包含15至19个碳原子的术语“支链烷烃”更具体地表示选自由以下各项组成的组的元素:2-甲基十四烷(或异十五烷)、2-甲基十五烷(或异十六烷)、2-甲基十六烷(或异十七烷)、2-甲基十七烷(或异十八烷)和2-甲基十八烷(或异十九烷)。
出于本发明的目的,在作为本发明主题的方法中使用的混合物(M1)中存在的并且包含15至19个碳原子的术语“环烷烃”更具体地表示包含至少一个饱和环状烃基、任选地被一个或多个直链或支链烷基取代的饱和烃。
根据一个特别的方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例大于或等于80%且小于或等于100%、并且更特别是大于或等于90%的支链烷烃;
-重量比例大于或等于0%且小于或等于15%、并且更特别是小于或等于10%的直链烷烃;
-重量比例大于或等于0%且小于或等于5%、并且更特别是小于或等于1%的环烷烃,并且其特征在于,按重量计95%至按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链烃包含15至19个碳原子,并且其特征在于,按重量计最高达5%的所述环状、非环状、直链或支链烃包含少于15个碳原子或多于19个碳原子。
根据更特别的方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其中(M1)是以商标名EmogreenTML15销售的饱和烃的混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)3.7%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)96%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,和
iii)0.3%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃。
根据另一个更特别的方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于40%且小于或等于100%、并且更特别是大于或等于50%的支链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于20%、并且更特别是小于或等于15%的直链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于40%、并且更特别是小于或等于35%的环烷烃,并且其特征在于,按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链烃包含15至19个碳原子。
根据最特别的方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其中(M1)是以商标名EmosmartTML19销售的饱和烃的混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)按重量计13.20%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)按重量计55.00%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,和
iii)按重量计31.80%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃。
出于本发明的目的,术语“在皮肤上涂抹的特性”表示作为本发明主题的水包油乳液以薄层涂抹在皮肤表面上并且为了覆盖皮肤的宽表面区域同时保持足够的浓度以通过其组成完成其指定的任务的能力,例如保护皮肤免受长时间暴露于太阳紫外线辐射的后果(如果水包油乳液含有有机和/或无机防晒剂)。水包油型乳液在皮肤上涂抹的特性,即在人体皮肤上涂抹所述乳液的容易性或难度,可以通过实施各种方法来评估,例如可以测量屈服点值和/或测量剪切稀化指数,和/或测量摩擦系数,和/或测量作为所述涂抹速度的函数的摩擦系数的变化的方法。
出于本发明的目的,所述局部使用的乳液(E0)的术语“油腻度”表示通过将如上定义的局部使用的乳液(E0)施用于皮肤所提供的感觉,其特征在于如果仅受重力影响,则呈非流动性或非滑动性致密稠度,并且在皮肤上涂抹期间与涂抹水相比存在显著更多的乳液;因此,本领域技术人员将术语“存在”理解为缺乏水性的感官知觉。
根据另一个特别方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其中美学特性是由上述方法产生的局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)的光泽度。出于本发明的目的,术语“光泽度”表示乳液以给定的反射率反射源自可见光谱的光源的入射光线的能力。
根据另一个特别方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的方法,其中美学特性是在将由上述方法产生的局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)施用于皮肤后注意到的皮肤的哑光外观。出于本发明的目的,术语“皮肤的哑光外观”表示皮肤吸收给定比例的源自可见光谱的光源的入射光线的能力,所述能力与其施用后留在皮肤上的残留乳液膜的厚度和性质相关。
本发明的主题还是一种水包油型乳液(E),按其重量的100%计包含:
-按重量计50%至90%、更特别是按重量计60%至90%并且甚至更特别是按重量计70%至90%的化妆品上可接受的水相(A);
-按重量计10%至30%的脂肪相(G),该脂肪相按其重量的100%计包含:
-按重量计10%至50%、更特别是按重量计15%至40%的饱和环状或非环状、直链或支链烃的混合物(M1),在所述烃中按重量计至少95%包含15至19个碳原子;
-按重量计0.5%至15%、更特别是按重量计1%至10%的至少一种水包油型表面活性剂;
-按重量计5%至15%的至少一种用于防护太阳紫外线的试剂;
-按重量计0%至80%,更特别是按重量计0%至60%的至少一种油和/或一种蜡,应理解这种油和/或这种蜡不符合混合物(M1)的定义。
根据一个特别方面,所述水包油型乳液(E)不含牛油树脂。
出于本发明的目的,术语“脂肪相(G)”表示不溶于水和/或不溶于水和极性溶剂的混合物的脂肪物质或脂肪物质的混合物。这种“脂肪相”可包含油和/或蜡。在脂肪相的构成元素中,可以提及:
-动物来源的油,如角鲨烯或角鲨烷;
-植物油,如植物角鲨烷、甜杏仁油、椰子油、蓖麻油、荷荷巴油、橄榄油、菜籽油、花生油、葵花籽油、小麦胚芽油、玉米胚芽油、大豆油、棉籽油、苜蓿油、罂粟油、南瓜油、月见草油、小米油、大麦油、黑麦油、红花油、烛果油、西番莲油、榛子油、棕榈油、杏仁油、胡桐油、水蒜芥油(sysymbrium oil)、鳄梨油、金盏花油、芝麻油、绣线菊油、澳洲坚果/猕猴桃油、琉璃苣油、黑加仑油、咖啡油、开心果油、桃仁油、覆盆籽油、草莓籽油、甜瓜油、蓝莓籽油、摩洛哥坚果油、油李子提取物、石榴油、木瓜油、椰奶油、和源自花或蔬菜的油;
-乙氧基化的植物油;
-合成油,例如脂肪酸酯,如肉豆蔻酸丁酯、肉豆蔻酸丙酯、肉豆蔻酸鲸蜡酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、硬脂酸丁酯、硬脂酸十六烷酯、硬脂酸异丙酯、硬脂酸辛酯、硬脂酸异鲸蜡酯、油酸十二烷基酯、月桂酸己酯、二辛酸丙二醇酯、衍生自羊毛脂酸的酯类(如羊毛脂酸异丙酯、羊毛脂酸异鲸蜡酯)、脂肪酸甘油单酯、脂肪酸甘油二酯和脂肪酸甘油三酯(如三庚酸甘油酯)、苯甲酸烷基酯、氢化油、聚(α-烯烃)、聚烯烃(如聚异丁烯)、氢化聚癸烯或氢化聚异丁烯,在法国由Ets B.Rossow et Cie公司以名称Parleam-PolysynlaneTM销售,其引用于:Michel和Irene Ash;Thesaurus of Chemical Products[化学产品词库],ChemicalPublishing Co,Inc.[化学出版有限公司]1986,第I卷,第211页(ISBN 0 7131 3603 0);
-硅油,如二甲基聚硅氧烷、甲基苯基聚硅氧烷、胺改性的硅酮、脂肪酸改性的硅酮、醇改性的硅酮、用醇和脂肪酸改性的硅酮、用聚醚基团改性的硅酮、环氧改性的硅酮、用氟基团改性的硅酮、环状硅酮和用烷基改性的硅酮。
-蜡,如蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、小烛树蜡、小冠巴西棕醋(ouricoury wax)、日本蜡、软木纤维蜡、甘蔗蜡、荷荷巴蜡、黑加仑花蜡、水仙花蜡、橘子树花蜡、橙蜡、米蜡、石蜡、褐煤蜡、微晶蜡、羊毛脂蜡;地蜡;聚乙烯蜡;硅酮蜡;植物蜡;在环境温度下是固体的脂肪醇和脂肪酸;在环境温度下是固体的甘油酯。
在如上定义的水包油型乳液(E)的脂肪相(G)中存在的术语“油包水型表面活性剂”表示可以使连续相(A)中的分散体中的脂肪相(G)的液滴稳定化的化学物质或化学物质的混合物。例如可以提及:
-由1摩尔当量的脱水山梨糖醇酯和5至20摩尔当量的环氧乙烷的乙氧基化反应产生,更特别是由1摩尔当量的脱水山梨糖醇月桂酸酯、脱水山梨糖醇棕榈酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇硬脂酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇异硬脂酸酯、或脱水山梨糖醇油酸酯和5至20摩尔当量的环氧乙烷的乙氧基化反应产生的聚山梨醇酯;
-由1摩尔当量的脂肪酸(例如棕榈酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸)和5至40摩尔当量的环氧乙烷之间的乙氧基化反应产生的产物;
-由脂肪酸(例如棕榈酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸、异硬脂酸、油酸、花生酸、山嵛酸)和4至20摩尔当量、更特别是3至10摩尔当量的甘油之间的酯化反应产生的产物。
包含在如上定义的水包油乳液(E)中的化妆品上可接受的水相(A)通常可含有一种或多种化妆品上可接受的有机溶剂,或水和一种或多种化妆品上可接受的有机溶剂的混合物。化妆品上可接受的溶剂可以更特别地选自多元醇,例如甘油、二甘油、三甘油、甘油低聚物、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇、山梨糖醇、2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇;烷氧基化多元醇;二醇,例如丁二醇、己二醇、辛二醇或1,2-辛二醇、戊二醇或1,2-戊二醇、单丙二醇、二丙二醇、异戊二醇、二乙二醇丁醚、聚乙二醇,其分子量为200g.mol-1至8000g.mol-1;或水溶性醇,例如乙醇、异丙醇或丁醇。
术语“用于防护太阳紫外线辐射的试剂”特别地表示在作为本专利申请的主题的水包油型乳液(E)的定义中的颜料、有机防晒剂和无机防晒剂。
作为用作用于防护太阳紫外线辐射的试剂的颜料,例如有二氧化钛、棕色氧化铁、黄色氧化铁、黑色氧化铁或红色氧化铁、或者白色或有色珠光颜料,例如钛云母。
作为用作用于防护太阳紫外线辐射的试剂的有机防晒剂,例如有:
-苯甲酸衍生物家族的那些,例如对-氨基苯甲酸(PABA),特别是PABA的单甘油酯、N,N-丙氧基PABA的乙基酯、N,N-二乙氧基PABA的乙基酯、N,N-二甲基PABA的乙基酯、N,N-二甲基PABA的甲基酯、N,N-二甲基PABA的丁基酯;
-邻氨基苯甲酸衍生物家族的那些,例如N-乙酰基邻氨基苯甲酸三甲环己酯;
-水杨酸衍生物家族的那些,例如水杨酸戊酯、水杨酸三甲环己酯、水杨酸乙基己酯、水杨酸苯酯、水杨酸苄酯、水杨酸对异丙醇苯基酯;
-肉桂酸衍生物家族的那些,例如肉桂酸乙基己酯、肉桂酸乙基-4-异丙酯、肉桂酸甲基-2,5-二异丙酯、肉桂酸对-甲氧基丙酯、肉桂酸对-甲氧基异丙酯、肉桂酸对-甲氧基异戊酯、肉桂酸对-甲氧基辛酯(肉桂酸对-甲氧基2-乙基己酯)、肉桂酸对-甲氧基-2-乙氧基乙酯、肉桂酸对-甲氧基环己酯、肉桂酸乙基-α-氰基-β-苯酯、肉桂酸2-乙基己基-α-氰基-β-苯酯、肉桂酸甘油基二对甲氧基-单-2-乙基己酰酯;
-二苯甲酮衍生物家族的那些,例如2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2',4,4'-四羟基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基-4'-甲基二苯甲酮、2-羟基4-甲氧基二苯甲酮-5-磺酸酯、4-苯基二苯甲酮、2-乙基己基-4'-苯基二苯甲酮-2-羧酸酯、2-羟基4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、4-羟基3-羧基二苯甲酮;樟脑苯扎铵甲基硫酸盐;尿刊酸、尿刊酸乙酯;
-磺酸衍生物家族的那些,例如2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸及其盐;三嗪衍生物家族,如羟基苯基三嗪、乙基己氧基羟基苯基-4-甲氧基苯基三嗪、苯甲酸2,4,6-三苯胺基-(对-羰基(carbo)-2'-乙基己基-1'-氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、4,4-((6-(((1,1-二甲基乙基)氨基)羰基)苯基)氨基)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二基二亚氨基)双(2-乙基己基)酯、2-苯基-5-甲基苯并噁唑、2,2'-羟基-5-甲基苯基苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-5'-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2'-羟基-5'-甲基苯基)苯并三唑;二苯并氮卓(dibenzazepine);二对甲氧苯甲酰基甲烷、4-甲氧基-4”-叔丁基苯甲酰基甲烷;5-(3,3-二甲基-2-降冰片烯)-3-戊-2-酮;2-(4-二乙基氨基-2-羟基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸己酯、2,4-双{[4-(2-乙基己氧基)-2-羟基]苯基}-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[4-(2-乙基己氧基羰基)苯胺基]-1,3,5-三嗪、2-乙基己基二甲氧基亚苄基二氧代咪唑烷丙酸酯;二苯基丙烯酸酯衍生物家族,例如2-乙基己基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基-2-丙烯酸酯、乙基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基-2-丙烯酸酯;
-聚硅氧烷家族的那些,例如亚苄基硅氧烷丙二酸酯。
作为用作用于防护太阳紫外线辐射的试剂的无机防晒剂,例如有:氧化钛、氧化锌、氧化铈、氧化锆、黄色氧化铁、红色氧化铁或黑色氧化铁、氧化铬。这些矿物防晒剂可以或可以不进行微粉化,可以或可以不经历表面处理并且可以任选地以水性或油性预分散体的形式提供。
根据一个特别方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的局部使用的水包油乳液(E),其中用于防护太阳紫外线辐射的试剂选自由以下各项组成的组的元素:二氧化钛、2,4-二羟基二苯甲酮、2-(4-二乙氨基-2-羟基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸己酯、2,4-双{[4-(2-乙基己氧基)-2-羟基]苯基}-6-(4-甲氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三[4-(2-乙基己氧基羰基)苯胺基]-1,3,5-三嗪和2-乙基己基二甲氧基亚苄基二氧代咪唑烷丙酸酯。
根据一个特别的方面,本发明的主题是如上定义的水包油乳液(E),其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于80%且小于或等于100%、并且更特别是大于或等于90%的支链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于15%、并且更特别是小于或等于10%的直链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于5%、并且更特别是小于或等于1%的环烷烃,
其特征在于,按重量计95%至按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链烃包含15至19个碳原子,并且其特征在于,按重量计最高达5%的所述环状、非环状、直链或支链烃包含少于15个碳原子或多于19个碳原子。
根据这个特别的方面,所述混合物(M1)更特别是以商标名EmogreenTML15销售的饱和烃的混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)3.7%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)96%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,和
iii)0.3%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃。
根据另一个更特别的方面,如上定义的水包油型乳液(E)的特征在于:所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于40%且小于或等于100%、并且更特别是大于或等于50%的支链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于20%、并且更特别是小于或等于15%的直链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于0%且小于或等于40%、并且更特别是小于或等于35%的环烷烃,并且其特征在于,按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链烃包含15至19个碳原子。
根据这个特别的方面,混合物(M1)更特别是以商标名EmosmartTML19销售的饱和烃的混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)按重量计13.20%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)按重量计55.00%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,和
iii)按重量计31.80%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃。
如上定义的乳液(E)可包含一种或多种助剂,例如:
-增稠剂或胶凝剂,例如直链或支链的或交联的聚电解质类型的聚合物,如部分或完全成盐的丙烯酸均聚物,部分或完全成盐的甲基丙烯酸均聚物,部分或完全成盐的2-甲基[(1-氧代-2-丙烯基)氨基]-1-丙磺酸(AMPS)均聚物,丙烯酸和AMPS的共聚物,丙烯酰胺和AMPS的共聚物,乙烯基吡咯烷酮和AMPS的共聚物,AMPS和(2-羟乙基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物,AMPS和(2-羟乙基)甲基丙烯酸酯的共聚物,AMPS和羟乙基丙烯酰胺的共聚物,AMPS和N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺的共聚物,AMPS和三(羟甲基)丙烯酰胺基甲烷(THAM)的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和(2-羟乙基)丙烯酸酯的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和(2-羟乙基)甲基丙烯酸酯的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和羟乙基丙烯酰胺的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和THAM的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺的共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、AMPS和(2-羟乙基)丙烯酸酯的三元共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、AMPS和(2-羟乙基)甲基丙烯酸酯的三元共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、AMPS和THAM的三元共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、AMPS和N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺的三元共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸、AMPS和丙烯酰胺的三元共聚物,丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸和丙烯酸烷基酯的共聚物(其碳链包含4至30个碳原子并且更特别地10至30个碳原子),AMPS和丙烯酸烷基酯的共聚物(其碳链包含4至30个碳原子并且更特别地10至30个碳原子),至少一种具有游离的部分成盐或完全成盐的强酸官能团的单体与至少一种中性单体和至少一种具有式(VIII)的单体的直链、支链或交联的三元共聚物:
CH2=C(R'3)-C(=O)-[CH2-CH2-O]n-R'4 (VIII)
其中R'3表示氢原子或甲基,R'4表示包含8至30个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,并且n表示大于或等于1且小于或等于50的数;可以与作为本发明主题的水包油乳液组合的聚电解质类型的直链或支链或交联的聚合物可以是呈溶液、水性悬浮液、油包水乳液、水包油乳液或粉末的形式,例如以以下名称销售的产品:SimulgelTMEG、SimulgelTMEPG、SepigelTM305、SimulgelTM600、SimulgelTMNS、SimulgelTMINS 100、SimulgelTMFL、SimulgelTMA、SimulgelTMSMS 88、SepinovTMEMT 10、SepiplusTM400、SepiplusTM265、SepiplusTMS、SepimaxTMZen、AristoflexTMAVC、AristoflexTMAVS、NovemerTMEC-1、NovemerTMEC 2、AristoflexTMHMB、CosmediaTMSP、FlocareTMET 25、FlocareTMET 75、FlocareTMET 26、FlocareTMET 30、FlocareTMET 58、FlocareTMPSD 30、ViscolamTMAT 64、ViscolamTMAT 100;仅由单糖构成的多糖,例如葡聚糖或葡萄糖均聚物、葡甘露聚糖葡聚糖、木葡聚糖、半乳甘露聚糖,其中D-甘露糖主链上的D-半乳糖单元的取代度(DS)是在0与1之间、并且更特别地在1与0.25之间,如来源于肉桂胶(DS=1/5)、刺槐豆胶(DS=1/4)、塔拉胶(DS=1/3)、瓜尔豆胶(DS=1/2)、葫芦巴胶(DS=1)的半乳甘露聚糖;由单糖衍生物构成的多糖,例如硫酸化的半乳聚糖并且更特别是角叉菜胶和琼脂,乌龙糖(uronans)并且更特别是褐藻胶、海藻酸盐和果胶,单糖和糖醛酸的杂聚物,并且更特别是黄原胶、结冷胶、阿拉伯树胶和刺梧桐树胶的渗出物,葡萄糖胺聚糖;纤维素,纤维素衍生物如甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、硅酸盐、淀粉、亲水淀粉衍生物、聚氨酯;
-成膜化合物;
-水溶助剂;
-增塑剂;
-遮光剂或珠光剂,例如钠或镁的棕榈酸盐、硬脂酸盐或羟基硬脂酸盐,乙二醇或聚乙二醇单硬脂酸酯或二硬脂酸酯,脂肪醇,苯乙烯均聚物和共聚物,例如由SEPPIC公司以名称MontopolTMOP1销售的苯乙烯丙烯酸酯共聚物;
-结构改进剂,例如由味之素(Ajinomoto)公司以名称AminohopeTMLL销售的月桂酰赖氨酸,由国民淀粉(National Starch)公司以名称DryfloTM销售的辛烯基淀粉琥珀酸酯,由SEPPIC以名称MontanovTM14销售的肉豆蔻基聚葡糖苷,纤维素纤维,棉纤维,壳聚糖纤维,滑石,绢云母,云母;
-加脂剂(overfatting agent);
-多价螯合剂;
-螯合剂;
-非离子表面活性剂,例如包含8至12个碳原子的脂肪醇的乙氧基化衍生物;包含8至12个碳原子的脂肪酸的乙氧基化衍生物;包含8至12个碳原子的脂肪酯的乙氧基化衍生物;含有8至12个碳原子的甘油单酯的乙氧基化衍生物;具有式(II)的烷基聚糖苷:
R2-O-(S)y-H (II)
其中y代表1至5的十进制数,S代表还原糖的残基,并且R2代表具有5至16个碳原子、优选8至14个碳原子的直链或支链、饱和或不饱和的烷基,或具有式(II)的化合物的混合物,例如辛酰基癸酰基葡糖苷,特别是以商标名OramixTMCG 110销售,癸基葡糖苷,特别是以商标名OramixTMNS 10销售;
-抗氧化剂,如EDTA及其盐、柠檬酸、酒石酸、草酸、BHA(丁基羟基苯甲醚)、BHT(丁基羟基甲苯)、生育酚衍生物如生育酚乙酸酯、抗氧化剂化合物的混合物如Dissolvine GL47S(INCI名称:谷氨酸二乙酸四钠);
-香料;
-防腐剂;
-调节剂;
-旨在对皮肤或头发提供治疗作用的活性成分,例如维生素和其衍生物,尤其是其酯(如视黄醇(维生素A))和其酯(例如棕榈酸视黄酯),抗坏血酸(维生素C)及其酯,抗坏血酸的糖衍生物(如抗坏血酸葡萄糖苷),生育酚(维生素E)及其酯(如生育酚乙酸酯),维生素B3或B10(烟酰胺及其衍生物);显示光滑作用的化合物,尤其是SepicalmTMS、尿囊素和红没药醇;抗炎药;显示保湿作用的化合物,例如尿素、羟基脲、甘油葡萄糖苷、二甘油葡萄糖苷、聚甘油糖苷;富含多酚的植物提取物,如葡萄提取物、松树提取物、葡萄酒提取物、橄榄提取物;显示减肥或解脂作用的化合物,如咖啡因或其衍生物、AdiposlimTM、AdipolessTM、岩藻黄质;N-酰化蛋白质;N-酰化肽如MatrixilTM;N-酰化氨基酸;N-酰化蛋白质的部分水解产物;氨基酸;肽;总蛋白质水解产物;大豆提取物,例如RaffermineTM;小麦提取物,例如TensineTM或GliadineTM;植物提取物,如富含丹宁酸的植物提取物、富含异黄酮的植物提取物或富含萜的植物提取物;淡水或海水藻类提取物;海洋植物提取物;海洋提取物总体上例如珊瑚;精华蜡(essential wax);细菌提取物;神经酰胺;磷脂;显示抗菌作用或纯化作用的化合物,如LipacideTMC8G、LipacideTMUG、SepicontrolTMA5;OctopiroxTM或SensivaTMSC50;显示激励或刺激特性的化合物,如PhysiogenylTM、泛醇以及其衍生物如SepicapTMMP;抗老化活性剂,如SepiliftTMDPHP、LipacideTMPVB、SepivinolTM、SepivitalTM、ManolivaTM、Phyto-AgeTM、TimecodeTM;SurvicodeTM;抗光老化活性剂;用于保护表皮交界处的完整性的活性剂;用于增加细胞外基质组分的合成的活性剂,如胶原、弹性蛋白、糖胺聚糖;在化学细胞通信上顺利地作用的活性剂,如细胞因子,或在物理细胞通信上顺利地作用的活性剂,如整合素;在皮肤上产生“加热”感觉的活性剂,如皮肤微循环的活化剂(如烟酸衍生物)或在皮肤上产生“清凉”感觉的产品(如薄荷醇和衍生物);改善皮肤微循环的活性剂,例如veinotonics;排水活性剂;用于减轻充血目的的活性剂,例如银杏、常春藤、马栗树、竹、假叶树(ruscus)、假叶树(butcher’s broom)、积雪草、岩藻、迷迭香、柳树的提取物;用于晒黑或致黑皮肤的试剂,例如二羟基丙酮(DHA),赤藓酮糖,内消旋酒石醛,戊二醛,甘油醛,阿脲(alloxane),茚三酮,植物提取物,例如紫檀属和巴非豆(Baphia)属的红木提取物,例如檀香紫檀(Pteropcarpus santalinus)、非洲紫檀(Pterocarpus osun)、绍氏紫檀(Pterocarpus soyauxii)、刺猬紫檀(Pterocarpus erinaceus)、印度紫檀(Pterocarpusindicus)或非洲小叶紫檀(Baphia nitida),例如在欧洲专利申请EP 0 971 683中描述的那些;以其促进和/或加速人体皮肤的晒黑或致黑的作用和/或以其着色人体皮肤的作用已知的试剂,例如类胡萝卜素(并且更特别地β-胡萝卜素和γ-胡萝卜素)),由Provital以商品名“胡萝卜油”(INCI名称:胡萝卜(Daucus Carota),向日葵葵花子油)销售的产品,其含有类胡萝卜素、维生素E和维生素K;酪氨酸和/或其衍生物,以其与暴露于紫外线辐射结合对加速人体皮肤的晒黑的作用已知,例如由Provital以商品名“SunTan AcceleratorTM”销售的产品,其含有酪氨酸和核黄素(维生素B),由Zymo Line以商品名“Zymo Tan Complex”销售的酪氨酸和酪氨酸酶的络合物,由Mibelle公司以商品名MelanoBronzeTM(INCI名称:乙酰酪氨酸,Monk's胡椒提取物(Vitex Agnus-castus))销售的产品,其含有乙酰酪氨酸,由Unipex公司以商品名Unipertan VEG-24/242/2002(INCI名称:丁二醇和乙酰基酪氨酸和水解的植物蛋白质和三磷酸腺苷)销售的产品,由Sederma公司以商品名“Try-ExcellTM”(INCI名称:油酰基酪氨酸和丝瓜萃取液(种子油和油酸)销售的产品,其含有西葫芦种子提取物(或丝瓜油),由Alban Muller公司以商品名“ActibronzeTM”(INCI名称:水解的小麦蛋白质和乙酰酪氨酸和葡萄糖酸铜)销售的产品,由Synerga以商品名TyrostanTM(INCI名称:己酰基酪氨酸钾)销售的产品,由Synerga公司以商品名Tyrosinol(INCI名称:脱水山梨醇异硬脂酸酯、油酸甘油酯、己酰基酪氨酸)销售的产品,由Alban Muller公司销售的以商品名InstaBronzeTM(INCI名称:二羟基丙酮和乙酰基酪氨酸和葡萄糖酸铜)销售的产品,由Exymol公司以商品名Tyrosilane(INCI名称:甲基硅烷醇和乙酰酪氨酸)销售的产品;以其黑素原生成激活作用已知的肽,例如由Infinitec Activos公司以商品名Bronzing SF肽粉(INCI名称:葡聚糖和八肽-5)销售的产品,以其α-MSH激动剂作用已知的包含乙酰六肽-1的以商品名Melitane(INCI名称:甘油和水和葡聚糖和乙酰六肽-1)销售的产品,由Lipotec公司以商品名Melatimes SolutionsTM(INCI名称:丁二醇、棕榈酰基三肽-40)销售的产品,糖和糖衍生物,例如由Provital公司以商品名TanositolTM(INCI名称:肌醇)销售的产品,由CODIF国际公司(CODIF international)以商品名ThalitanTM(或PhycosaccharideTMAG)销售的产品(INCI名称:水和水解的藻胶(掌状海带)和硫酸镁和硫酸锰),其含有海洋来源的低聚糖(与镁离子和锰离子螯合的古洛糖醛酸和甘露糖醛酸),由Alban Muller公司以商品名MelactivaTM(INCI名称:麦芽糊精,刺毛黧豆种子提取物)销售的产品,富含类黄酮的化合物,例如由Silab公司以商品名“Biotanning”(INCI名称:水解的甜橙水果提取物)销售并且已知富含柠檬类黄酮(橙皮苷类型)的产品;
-矿物填料或颜料,例如二氧化钛,棕色氧化铁,黄色氧化铁,黑色氧化铁或红色氧化铁,或者白色或有色珠光颜料,例如钛云母;
-提供视觉效果或旨在用于包封活性剂的颗粒;
-去角质颗粒;
-光学增白剂;
-驱虫剂。
如上定义的水包油乳液(E)可以被包装在瓶中、泵“瓶”类型的装置中、气溶胶装置中(以加压形式)、配备有穿孔壁(如格栅)的装置中或配备有滚抹式敷抹器的装置中。
本发明的主题还是如上定义的局部使用的水包油型乳液(E)用于保护人体皮肤免受暴露于太阳紫外线辐射的不美观影响,更特别地免受发红的用途。
最后,本发明的主题还是一种水包油型乳液(E),按其重量的100%计包含:
-按重量计50%至90%、更特别是按重量计60%至90%并且甚至更特别是按重量计70%至90%的化妆品上可接受的水相(A);
-按重量计10%至50%、更特别是按重量计10%至40%并且甚至更特别是按重量计10%至30%的脂肪相(G),该脂肪相按其重量的100%计包含:
-按重量计10%至50%、更特别是按重量计15%至40%的饱和环状或非环状、直链或支链烃的混合物(M1),在所述烃中按重量计至少95%包含15至19个碳原子;
-按重量计0.5%至15%、更特别是按重量计1%至10%的至少一种水包油型表面活性剂;
-按重量计5%至30%、更特别是按重量计15%至30%的至少一种用于防护太阳紫外线的试剂;
-按重量计0%至80%,更特别是按重量计0%至60%的至少一种油和/或一种蜡,应理解这种油和/或这种蜡不符合混合物(M1)的定义,应理解这种油和/或这种蜡不符合混合物(M1)的定义,所述水包油型乳液(E)用于旨在预防和/或治疗与暴露于太阳紫外线辐射有关的人类皮肤病(特别是灼伤、晒伤、红斑、皮肤癌)的治疗性治疗方法中。
根据一个特别方面,所述水包油型乳液(E)不含牛油树脂。
以下实例展示了本发明,然而并不限制本发明。
根据本发明的包含混合物(M1)的水包油乳液和对比水包油乳液的制备
制备了4种根据本发明的水包油乳液,表示为(E1)至(E4),其成分的重量比例在表1中指示,和5种对比水包油乳液,表示为(F1)至(F5),其成分的重量比例在下表2中指示。根据本发明的水包油乳液和对比水包油乳液的常用制备方法如下:
-在20℃的温度下,将待测试的油性混合物倒入烧杯中,然后在适当的情况下,在80rpm的机械搅拌下逐渐分散任选的第二种油;
-然后在80rpm的机械搅拌和20℃下向其中加入所需量的SepinovTMEMT 10增稠剂;
-通过在20℃的温度下在烧杯中混合来制备包含水和OramixTMNS10的水相;
-然后将得到的混合物在1500转/分钟的反絮凝离心机类型的搅拌下冷却20分钟,然后排空以获得所希望的水包油乳液。
表1
(1)(SepinovTMEMT10):增稠剂(INCI名称:丙烯酸羟乙酯/丙烯酰基二甲基牛磺酸丙烯酸酯共聚物),
(2)(EmosmartTML19):饱和环状或非环状、直链或支链烃的混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)按重量计13.20%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)按重量计55.00%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,
iii)31.80%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃;
(3)(EmogreenTML15):组合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)3.7%的包含15至19个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)96%的包含15至19个碳原子的异烷烃,
iii)0.3%的包含15至19个碳原子的环烷烃;
(4)(OramixTMNS10):增溶发泡剂(INCI名称:辛酰基/癸酰基葡糖苷)。
表2
(5)(DC 345):在化妆品中用于提供感官特性,更特别是赋予含有它的乳液易于涂抹性的润肤剂(INCI名称:环戊硅氧烷和环己硅氧烷);
(6)(DC 245):在化妆品中用于提供感官特性,更特别是赋予含有它的乳液易于涂抹性的润肤剂(INCI名称:环戊硅氧烷);
(7)(EmosmartTML15):混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)按重量计9.26%的包含13至15个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)按重量计39.06%的包含13至15个碳原子的异烷烃,
iii)51.68%的包含13至15个碳原子的环烷烃;
(8)(EmosmartTMV21):混合物,按其重量的100%计包含:
i)按重量计15.99%的包含18至21个碳原子的直链烷烃,
ii)按重量计59.90%的包含18至21个碳原子的异烷烃,
iii)24.11%的包含18至21个碳原子的环烷烃。
对根据本发明的水包油乳液和对比水包油乳液的涂抹特性的评价
方法原理
通过使用DHR2型流变仪(来自德州仪器(Texas Instruments)公司)进行的对于各种涂抹速度的所述乳液的摩擦系数值的测量平均值的变化来评价水包油乳液的涂抹特性。
测量原理:
它包括表征每个乳液,测试在法向力下,对于1弧度.s-1和4弧度.s-1的速度,摩擦系数3个测量值的平均值,然后计算在两种速度中的每一种下获得的平均值的变化百分比。
材料和设备
通过配备有“板上摩擦环(Tribo Ring on Plate)”附件的DHR2流变仪(TA仪器公司)进行测量,在该附件上放置树脂玻璃表面,待测乳液沉积在该表面上。
程序
-使用校准的涂布器沉积一定量的待测乳液,使其在板上形成90微米的厚度。
-在沉积样品之后,使其校准厚度与“板上摩擦环”几何形状接触,施加2N的法向力和可以调节为0.01至15弧度.s-1的值的固定速度梯度。
-测量珀耳帖板在几何形状旋转期间经受的最大法向摩擦力。
结果的表述
对于每种测试的乳液,并且对于每次进行的最大法向摩擦力值的测量,摩擦系数(Cf)计算如下:
Cf=(最大法向摩擦力值)/(施加的法向力值)
对于每种测试的乳液,考虑对于1弧度.s-1的固定速度和4弧度.s-1的固定速度,在3次统计学上显著的测量期间获得的值,并且对于每个测试的乳液,计算由此通过实验获得的摩擦系数值的平均值,对于1弧度.s-1的固定速度表示为Cfm1和对于4弧度.s-1的固定速度表示为Cfm4。
然后如下计算对于1弧度.s-1的速度获得的摩擦系数平均值与对于4弧度.s-1的固定速度获得的摩擦系数平均值之间的变化(表示为ΔCf):
ΔCf=(Cfm1–Cfm4)/(Cfm1)x 100
结果
所获得的结果记录于以下表3中。
表3
结果的分析
表3中记录的结果清楚地表明,对于根据本发明的乳液(E1),在1弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹与在4弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹之间的摩擦系数平均值的变化小于10%(-6.8%)的值,而包含已知赋予含有硅油的乳液改善的涂抹性的硅油的对比乳液(F2)和(F3)显示出在1弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹与在4弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹之间的摩擦系数变化大于15%。
因此,这些结果表明,与包含已知赋予含有润肤剂的乳液涂抹容易性的润肤剂的乳液相比,根据本发明的乳液的涂抹容易性的改善。
对于包含异十六烷(即包含16个碳原子的异链烷烃)的对比乳液(F1),在1弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹与在4弧度.s-1的速度下涂抹之间的摩擦系数平均值的变化显示出18.2%的值,也就是说,与根据本发明的乳液相比,包含这种含有16个碳原子的异链烷烃的乳液表现出更低的性能和更不容易涂抹。
最后,1弧度.s-1的速度与4弧度.s-1的速度之间的摩擦系数平均值的负变化显示出额外的技术益处,即在低速度下获得较低的摩擦系数平均值,也就是说,根据本发明的乳液可能更容易涂抹在皮肤上。
对根据本发明的水包油乳液和对比水包油乳液的感官特性的评价
方法原理
13名经过适当培训和授权的小组成员通过将本领域技术人员已知的构成所有小组成员都认可的油腻度标准的乳液的乳液作为参照基础,以及待超过以实现所述技术问题的比较参照,评估了根据本发明的水包油乳液和对比水包油乳液的“油腻感”、“皮肤光泽 度”和“乳液光泽度”的标准。
程序
执行的程序包括以下5个步骤:
-步骤1:对照和评估所测试的水包油乳液的外观和气味,
-步骤2:放在手上:评估抓握的容易度,并观察可能滑的外观,
-步骤3:以圆形施用到皮肤表面将测试的乳液涂抹在皮肤上,以同一个速度进行10次圆周运动,并收集在第10次圆周运动结束时感知的感觉,
-步骤4:仍然通过施用相同的圆周运动继续将测试乳液涂抹在皮肤上,直到观察不到乳液膜,并收集感知的感觉,
-步骤5:在涂抹结束后1分钟后收集感知的感觉。
该程序在20℃的温度下进行。
结果的表述:
对于每种测试的乳液,并且对于评估的每个感官标准,每个小组成员指出所测试的所述乳液与参照乳液相比是否提供改善的感觉。收集所有评估并对数据进行统计处理,以确定对于测试乳液和参照乳液所感知的感觉之间的任何差异、改善或退化的显著性质。
结果
“油腻感”标准
-参照乳液:乳液(F4)。
根据上面定义的方案评价根据本发明的乳液(E1)和(E3),以及还有对比乳液(F2)和(F5),并且将获得的结果记录在下表4中。在涂抹过程的每个时刻,与(F4)相比油腻感的改善表示为“>(F4)”,并且与(F4)相比油腻感的退化表示为“<(F4)”。
表4
“皮肤光泽度”标准
-参照乳液:乳液(F4)。
根据上面定义的方案评价根据本发明的乳液(E1)和(E3),以及对比乳液(F2)和(F5),并且将获得的结果记录在下表5中。与(F4)相比,皮肤光泽度的增加表示为“>(F4)”,其减少表示为“<(F4)”。
表5
“乳液光泽度”标准
根据上面定义的方案评价根据本发明的乳液(E1)和(E3),以及对比乳液(F2)和(F5),并且将获得的结果记录在下表5中。与(F4)相比,乳液光泽度的增加表示为“>(F4)”,其减少表示为“<(F4)”。
表6
结果的分析
所获得的结果表明借助于根据本发明的方法改善了感官和美学特性。
示例性配方
防晒乳液
成分 | %(按重量计) |
聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6(SEPIMAXTMZEN) | 0.90% |
甘油 | 1.50% |
水 | 适量至100% |
EasynovTM | 3.00% |
EMOGREENTML15 | 12.00% |
SepicideTMHB | 1.00% |
香料 | 0.30% |
二氧化钛和氧化铝和硬脂酸 | 10.00% |
高防紫外线防晒液
高防紫外线防晒液
护发膏
SEPIMAXTMZen(聚丙烯酸酯交联聚合物-6)是由SEPPIC公司销售的增稠和稳定阴离子聚合物。
EasynovTM(辛基十二烷醇&辛基十二烷基木糖苷&PEG-30二聚羟基硬脂酸酯)是由SEPPIC公司销售的油包水型乳化剂。
SolagumTMAX(阿拉伯胶树胶和黄原胶)是由SEPPIC公司销售的天然来源的增稠和稳定聚合物。
MontanovTM82(鲸蜡硬脂醇&椰油基葡糖苷)是由SEPPIC公司销售的水包油型乳化剂。
AquaxylTM(木糖醇葡萄糖苷和脱水木糖醇和木糖醇)是由SEPPIC公司销售的保湿活性剂。
SepicideTMHB(苯氧基乙醇&对羟基苯甲酸甲酯&对羟基苯甲酸乙酯&对羟基苯甲酸丙酯&对羟基苯甲酸丁酯)是由SEPPIC公司销售的防腐组合物。
Citrus Waterfall香料浓缩物由Mane公司销售。
MontanovTM202(花生醇(和)山嵛醇(和)花生基葡萄糖苷)是由SEPPIC公司销售的水包油型乳化剂。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于改善局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)的感官和/或美学特性的方法,所述感官特性是所述局部使用的乳液(E0)的涂抹特性和稠度和油腻度特性,其特征在于,将有效量的环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃的混合物(M1)掺入所述局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)中,
其中所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例为按重量计大于或等于40%且小于100%的支链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于0%且小于或等于20%的直链烷烃,
-重量比例为按重量计大于0%且小于或等于40%的环烷烃,并且其特征在于,按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃包含15至19个碳原子,
其中所述美学特性是所述局部使用的乳液(E0)的光泽度,和
其中所述美学特性是在将所述局部使用的乳液(E0)施用于皮肤后注意到的皮肤的哑光外观。
2.一种用于改善局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)的感官和/或美学特性的方法,所述感官特性是所述局部使用的乳液(E0)的涂抹特性和稠度和油腻度特性,其特征在于,将有效量的环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃的混合物(M1)掺入所述局部使用的水包油型乳液(E0)中,
其中所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含:
-重量比例大于或等于80%且小于100%的支链烷烃;
-重量比例大于0%且小于或等于15%的直链烷烃;
-重量比例大于0%且小于或等于5%的环烷烃;
其特征在于,按重量计95%至按重量计100%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃包含15至19个碳原子,
并且其特征在于,按重量计最高达5%的所述环状或非环状、直链或支链饱和烃包含少于15个碳原子或多于19个碳原子,
其中所述美学特性是所述局部使用的乳液(E0)的光泽度,和
其中所述美学特性是在将所述局部使用的乳液(E0)施用于皮肤后注意到的皮肤的哑光外观。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含重量比例为按重量计大于或等于50%且小于100%的支链烷烃。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含重量比例为按重量计大于0%且小于或等于15%的直链烷烃。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述混合物(M1)按其重量的100%计包含重量比例为按重量计大于0%且小于或等于35%的环烷烃。
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