CN110434504A - The transmission axial torsional vibration cleft weld system and method for fusion laser processing and 3D printing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the transmission axial torsional vibration cleft weld system and method for fusion laser processing and 3D printing, the laser processing modules including that can carry out laser scanning and laser welding function switch, the 3D printing module with 3D printing filling solder function.The system in the way of filler to transmission shaft because the wide deep crack that torsional oscillation generates welds, which can pass through laser scanning and 3D printing and realize Precision Machining；Secondly, the characteristics of using laser processing, belong to non-contact point processing, process time is short, and cooling velocity is fast, and heat affected area is small, secondary operation problem after eliminating wide deep seam welding, can effectively ensure that the mechanical strength of soldering inter-axle shaft, realize that torsional oscillation destroys the secondary use of axis；Finally, jointly controlling for two modules, three function may be implemented in the system, by pattern switching and control instruction, starting and stopping for three functions is completed, simplifies system, improves control efficiency.

Description

Drive shaft torsional vibration crack welding system and method integrated with laser processing and 3D printing

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing and rapid prototyping, in particular to a transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system and method that integrates laser processing and 3D printing.

Background technique

In laser processing technology, laser welding technology developed earlier and is relatively mature, and in the welding process, the laser welding method has a small focus point and a relatively small heat-affected zone. At the same time, the laser processing speed is fast and the cooling speed is also fast. Therefore, the laser The internal stress and deformation of the drive shaft caused by welding are almost negligible. Compared with traditional welding methods, laser welding has more advantages in crack welding of drive shafts that require higher mechanical structural performance. However, limited by the principle of laser welding, laser welding does not require fillers, so laser welding is mainly for welding operations on narrow and shallow seams, such as Chinese patent CN201210100188.8 "Laser Welding Method and Laser Welding Device for Steel Plates" using laser welding methods can get enough For steel plates with joint strength, the premise of this method is that the end faces of the steel plates to be welded are butted flat with each other, and on this basis, welding of narrow and shallow seams is carried out, but filler welding of deep and wide seams cannot be realized.

In industrial practical applications, under complex load conditions, the cracks and cracks of the drive shaft caused by severe system torsional vibration are generally deep and wide. Due to the long manufacturing and processing cycle and high precision requirements of large drive shafts, compared For the transmission shaft, the rapid and efficient repair of cracks and cracks caused by torsional vibration has become the primary choice. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the welding precision and welding quality requirements of the transmission shaft for wide and deep seams, the traditional welding method and laser welding of thin and narrow seams can no longer meet the production needs. Therefore, by combining 3D printing technology and laser processing methods, Ben Fangming makes full use of the advantages of laser welding with small heat-affected zone and little influence on the internal stress and deformation of the transmission shaft, and efficiently realizes the wide and deep cracks in the torsional vibration of the transmission shaft through laser welding. Applications in the field of precision welding.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system and method that integrates laser processing and 3D printing, which overcomes the advantages of laser welding in the prior art that only has welding advantages for thin and narrow seams and the traditional welding The method has a large thermal impact on the transmission shaft, and realizes the efficient secondary utilization of the transmission shaft damaged by torsional vibration.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

The drive shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that integrates laser processing and 3D printing includes a laser processing module that can switch between laser scanning and laser welding functions, a 3D printing module with 3D printing filling solder function, and realizes laser scanning, laser welding and 3D The control module for joint control of the three functional modes of printing, the judgment and detection module for detecting and judging the status of the current printing layer and welding layer and outputting control signals to the control module, and the supporting platform and fixing device for placing and fixing the transmission shaft to be processed;

It also includes No. 1 controller and No. 2 controller that drive the laser processing module and 3D printing module to work by judging that the detection module is controlled by the control module.

Further, the laser processing module includes a laser power supply, a laser, a laser head, and a No. 1 AC servo motor unit for driving the laser head. The No. 1 AC servo motor unit is controlled by a No. 1 controller.

Further, the 3D printing module includes a wire feeding mechanism, a material tray, a processing nozzle, and a No. 2 AC servo motor unit for driving the processing nozzle. The No. 2 AC servo motor unit is controlled by the No. 2 controller.

Further, the support platform and the fixing device include a No. 1 thimble and a No. 2 thimble distributed coaxially for fixing the transmission shaft to be processed.

Further, the No. 2 thimble moves horizontally along the axis to adjust the distance between the two thimbles in real time.

Further, the support platform and the fixing device are provided with an electric push cylinder connected with the No. 2 thimble to move the No. 2 thimble horizontally.

A welding method applied to a transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that integrates laser processing and 3D printing, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) First process the torsional vibration crack on the transmission shaft to be processed into a standard welding cut of inverted trapezoid or inverted triangle, and fix it on the supporting platform and the fixing device;

(2) Use the laser scanning function in the laser processing module to scan the standard weld seam processed in step (1) in three dimensions, convert the scanned data into a three-dimensional data model file through the control module, and layer it Fragmentation processing, which corresponds to saving the model data of each layer and the boundary contour data of each layer;

(3) Use the 3D printing module and the No. 2 controller to control the No. 2 AC servo motor unit to drive the processing nozzle to print and fill the weld seam according to the model data of the first layer;

(4) Judging whether the first layer has been printed by the judgment detection module, if so, stop the 3D printing module, and use the laser welding function in the laser processing module and the No. 1 controller to control the No. 1 AC servo motor unit to drive the laser head according to the printing If not, continue printing until the first layer is completed;

(5) Judging whether the first layer is welded through the judgment detection module, if so, stop the laser processing module, start the 3D printing module, and control the No. 2 AC servo motor unit to drive the processing nozzle according to the model data of the second layer through the No. 2 controller Print the solder fillet on the weld; if not, continue welding until the first layer of weld is completed;

(6) Steps (3) to (5) are repeated until the last layer of laser welding is completed.

Further, in the step (2), the control module controls the laser processing module to switch to the laser scanning mode, and adjusts the laser power parameters.

Further, in the step (4), the control module controls the laser processing module to switch to the laser welding mode, and adjusts the power parameters of the laser welding according to the material of the drive shaft to be processed.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that: the system welds the wide and deep cracks generated by the torsional vibration of the transmission shaft based on the traditional filling method, and the filling can be precisely processed by laser scanning and 3D printing; The characteristics of non-contact processing, short processing time, fast cooling speed, small heat-affected zone, eliminates the secondary processing problem after wide and deep seam welding, can achieve fast and efficient repair of torsional vibration damaged shaft, and realize torsional vibration The secondary utilization of the broken shaft; finally, the system can realize the combined control of two modules and three functions, and complete the start and stop of the three functions through mode switching and control commands, which simplifies the system and improves control efficiency.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the control structure in the welding system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of support platform and fixture among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the present invention applied in the case of torsional vibration crack welding of the transmission shaft.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that combines laser processing and 3D printing includes a laser processing module, a 3D printing module, a transmission shaft to be processed 6, a control module 7, a judgment and detection module 8, a support platform and a fixing device 5. No. 1 controller 11 and No. 2 controller 12 .

The laser processing module includes a laser power supply 1, a laser device 2, a laser head 3, and a No. 1 AC servo motor unit 9 for driving the laser head 3. The No. 1 controller 11 can control the No. 1 AC servo motor according to the control signal. Unit 9; the 3D printing module includes a wire feeding mechanism 13, a material tray 14, a processing nozzle 4, a No. 2 AC servo motor unit 10 for driving the processing nozzle 4, and the No. 2 controller 12 can control the No. 2 controller 12 according to the control signal. No. 1 AC servo motor unit 10; said No. 1 controller 11 and No. 2 controller 12 are mainly used to control the start-stop position, motion speed, and motion path of No. 1 AC servo motor group 9 and No. 2 AC servo motor group 10 Wait.

The control module 7 includes data storage, laser scanning control instructions, laser welding control instructions and 3D printing control instructions.

The judgment and detection module 8 is mainly used to detect the state of the current welding layer of the current printing layer machine for the torsional vibration crack on the transmission shaft 6 to be processed, and guide the control module 7 to output corresponding control signals according to the detected printing and welding state .

The laser processing module can switch between the functions of laser scanning and laser welding. Based on the laser processing module and the 3D printing module, the control module 7 can realize the joint control of the three functional modes of laser scanning, laser welding and 3D printing. . The control module 7 can first switch the laser processing module to the laser scanning mode, scan the torsional vibration crack on the drive shaft 6 to be processed in three dimensions, determine the weld size, and convert the weld size into a three-dimensional solid model through the control module 7, Then, switch the laser processing module to the laser welding mode, and control the laser welding mode and the 3D printing mode to work alternately through the control module 7, so as to realize the precise welding repair of the torsional vibration crack of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the support platform and fixing device 5 includes a base 56 , an electric push cylinder 51 , a No. 1 thimble 53 , a No. 2 thimble 52 , a No. 1 side plate 54 , and a No. 2 side plate 55 . The electric push cylinder 51 is horizontally fixed on the No. 2 side plate 55 and its telescopic shaft is fixedly connected with the No. 2 thimble 52. The No. 1 thimble 53 is fixed on the No. 1 side plate 54. The No. 1 side plate 54, The No. 2 side plate 55 is welded on the base 56 symmetrically, and it is required to ensure that the axis of the No. 1 thimble 53 and the axis of the No. 2 thimble 52 are on the same horizontal line.

Both ends of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed are processed with shaft center holes, and the No. 1 thimble 53 and No. 2 thimble 52 fix the transmission shaft 6 to be processed on the base 56 through the shaft center holes.

The electric push cylinder 51 can adjust the distance between the No. 2 thimble 52 and the No. 1 thimble 53 in real time according to the length of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed, and the electric push cylinder 51 can apply a certain preload, so that the No. 2 thimble 52 Firmly fix the power transmission shaft 6 to be processed with No. 1 thimble 53.

As shown in Figure 3, a welding method applied to the torsional vibration crack welding system of the drive shaft combined with laser processing and 3D printing, the specific steps are as follows:

Firstly, the torsional vibration crack on the transmission shaft 6 to be processed is processed into an inverted triangle or inverted trapezoidal standard welding cut by machining or laser cutting, as long as the printing and welding of the upper layer to the lower layer can be guaranteed without interference.

Next, the transmission shaft 6 to be processed is fixed on the supporting platform and the fixing device 5, and the position of the welding seam is placed in the processing area. Specifically, after aligning the shaft center holes at both ends of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed with the No. 1 thimble 53 and No. 2 thimble 52, a certain preload is applied through the electric push cylinder 51 to make the No. 1 thimble 53 and No. 2 thimble 52 Fix the transmission shaft 6 to be processed firmly; in the process of fixing, it is required to ensure that the torsional vibration crack on the transmission shaft 6 to be processed is in the processing area.

Next, the control module 7 controls the laser processing module to switch to the laser scanning mode, adjusts the laser power parameters, and scans the welding seam on the drive shaft 6 to be processed in three dimensions.

Next, the control module 7 converts the scanned data into a three-dimensional data model file, and at the same time performs layering processing on the three-dimensional data model file, and correspondingly saves the model data of each layer and the boundary contour data of each layer.

Next, the control module 7 controls the laser processing module to switch to the laser welding mode, and adjusts the parameters of the laser welding according to the material of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed.

Next, the control module 7 activates the 3D printing module, and controls the No. 2 AC servo motor unit 10 to drive the processing nozzle 4 through the No. 2 controller 12 to print and fill the welding seam with solder according to the model data of the first layer. By judging the detection module 8 to determine whether the first layer has been printed, if so, stop the 3D printing module, start the laser processing module, and control the No. 1 AC servo motor unit 9 through the No. 1 controller 11 to drive the laser head 3 according to the first layer. Boundary profile data to weld the weld; if not, continue printing until the first layer is complete. By judging the detection module 8 to determine whether the first layer has been welded, if so, then the state is shown in Figure 3a at this time, the control module 7 controls the laser processing module to stop, and starts the 3D printing module at the same time, and controls the second through the second controller 12 The AC servo motor unit 10 drives the processing nozzle 4 to print and fill the weld seam according to the model data of the second layer; if not, continue welding until the weld seam of the first layer is completed.

Determine whether the second layer has been printed by the judgment detection module 8, if so, stop the 3D printing module, start the laser processing module, and control the No. 1 AC servo motor unit 9 through the No. 1 controller 11 to drive the laser head 3 according to the second layer. Boundary contour data welds the weld. By judging the detection module 8 to determine whether the second layer has been welded, if so, the state is shown in Figure 3b at this time, the control module 7 controls the laser processing module to stop, and starts the 3D printing module at the same time, and controls the second through the second controller 12. The AC servo motor unit 10 drives the processing nozzle 4 to print and fill the weld seam according to the model data of the third layer; if not, continue welding until the weld seam of the first layer is completed.

Repeat the above steps until the last layer of laser welding is completed, and the state at this time is shown in Figure 3f.

Finally, the precision welding of the torsional vibration crack of the transmission shaft 6 to be processed is completed.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and what are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and description are only the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. The drive shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that integrates laser processing and 3D printing is characterized in that it includes a laser processing module that can switch between laser scanning and laser welding functions, a 3D printing module that has the function of 3D printing filling solder, and realizes laser welding The control module (7) for joint control of the three functional modes of scanning, laser welding and 3D printing, the judgment and detection module (8) for detecting and judging the status of the current printing layer and welding layer and outputting control signals to the control module (7), Place and fix the support platform and fixture (5) of the transmission shaft (6) to be processed; It also includes No. 1 controller (11) and No. 2 controller (12) for driving the laser processing module and the 3D printing module to work by judging that the detection module (8) is controlled by the control module (7). 2. The drive shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that combines laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the laser processing module includes a laser power supply (1), a laser (2), and a laser head (3) . No. 1 AC servo motor unit (9) for driving the laser head (3), and the No. 1 AC servo motor unit (9) is controlled by No. 1 controller (11). 3. The transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system for fusion of laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the 3D printing module includes a wire feeding mechanism (13), a material tray (14), a processing nozzle ( 4) The No. 2 AC servo motor unit (10) for driving the processing nozzle (4), and the No. 2 AC servo motor unit (10) is controlled by the No. 2 controller (12). 4. The transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that combines laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the support platform and the fixing device (5) include coaxial distribution for fixing the transmission shaft to be processed No. one thimble (53), No. two thimble (52) of (6). 5. The transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that combines laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 4, characterized in that: the No. 2 thimble (52) moves horizontally along the axis to adjust the distance between the two thimbles in real time. 6. The transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system that combines laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 5, characterized in that: the supporting platform and the fixing device (5) are provided with the No. 2 thimble (52) to connect to The electric push cylinder (51) that makes No. 2 thimble (52) move horizontally. 7. A welding method applied to the torsional vibration crack welding system of the drive shaft that combines laser processing and 3D printing described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the specific steps are as follows: (1) First process the torsional vibration crack on the transmission shaft (6) to be processed into a standard welding cut of inverted trapezoid or inverted triangle, and fix it on the supporting platform and the fixing device (5); (2) Utilize the laser scanning function in the laser processing module to carry out three-dimensional dimension scanning to the standard welding seam processed in the step (one), convert the data obtained by scanning into a three-dimensional data model file by the control module (7), and It performs layering processing, correspondingly saving the model data of each layer and the boundary contour data of each layer; (3) Control the No. 2 AC servo motor unit (10) through the 3D printing module and the No. 2 controller (12) to drive the processing nozzle (4) to print and fill the weld seam according to the model data of the first layer; (4) Determine whether the first layer has been printed by judging the detection module (8), if so, stop the 3D printing module, and use the laser welding function in the laser processing module and the No. 1 controller (11) to control No. 1 AC servo motor The unit (9) drives the laser head (3) to weld the weld seam according to the boundary contour data of the printing layer; if not, continue printing until the first layer is completed; (5) Judging whether the first layer of welding is completed by judging the detection module (8), if so, then stop the laser processing module, start the 3D printing module, and control the drive of the No. 2 AC servo motor unit (10) through the No. 2 controller (12) The processing nozzle (4) prints and fills the weld seam according to the model data of the second layer; if not, continues welding until the weld seam of the first layer is completed; (6) Steps (3) to (5) are repeated until the last layer of laser welding is completed. 8. The welding method of the transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system applying fusion laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (2), the laser processing module is controlled by the control module (7) to switch Go to laser scanning mode, and adjust the laser power parameters. 9. The welding method of the transmission shaft torsional vibration crack welding system applying fusion laser processing and 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the step (4), the laser processing module is controlled by the control module (7) to switch to the laser welding mode, and adjust the power parameters of the laser welding according to the material of the transmission shaft (6) to be processed.