CN110410000B - Well drilling assisting tool - Google Patents
Well drilling assisting tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110410000B CN110410000B CN201810392282.2A CN201810392282A CN110410000B CN 110410000 B CN110410000 B CN 110410000B CN 201810392282 A CN201810392282 A CN 201810392282A CN 110410000 B CN110410000 B CN 110410000B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a downhole auxiliary drilling tool, comprising: and the impact energy generator can convert the energy of the drilling fluid to generate axial impact energy. The impact energy distributor can redistribute the axial impact energy generated by the impact energy generator and convert the axial impact force into composite impact force, so that the impact force in the composite direction with high frequency change is provided for a drill bit, and the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical drilling speed of the drilling tool are greatly improved. The underground auxiliary drilling tool also comprises a damping torque stabilizer arranged between the impact energy generator and the impact energy distributor, so that the axial vibration of the drilling tool can be reduced, the stick-slip phenomenon can be reduced, the impact of a drill bit can be reduced, and the service life of the drill bit can be effectively prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum industry machinery technology and drilling process, in particular to an underground auxiliary drilling tool.
Background
With the continuous development of oil drilling technology, many drilling tools with different functions have appeared to meet the demands in the drilling engineering. With the rapid development of science and technology, the performance of the well drilling tool in the prior art is greatly improved.
However, under some special conditions, some problems still exist. For example, when the drill bit is constructed in a soft-hard staggered stratum or a hard stratum, the stratum has large lithological change or large strength, and the soft-hard staggered stratum easily induces the vibration of a downhole drilling tool in the drilling process, so that the drill bit is in a dynamic unstable working state for a long time. The instability of the working state of the drill bit can cause the underground drill string to be in the coupling state of axial vibration, transverse vibration and circumferential vibration, and the three underground vibration modes are mainly represented as tripping, whirling and stick-slip respectively. The vibration of the drill bit can not only reduce the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, but also cause the prior damage of the teeth or cutting teeth of the drill bit and the fatigue damage of a drilling tool, thereby further causing a series of problems of slow mechanical drilling speed, less drill bit footage, short service life of the drill bit, prior failure of the drilling tool, underground falling objects and the like which influence the drilling period and the drilling cost.
Furthermore, in the prior art, the stability and aggressiveness of the drill bit are somewhat difficult to compromise. Therefore, in order to improve the stability of the drill, measures for reducing the aggressiveness of the drill, such as increasing the number of blades of the drill, reducing the size of the cutting teeth, and increasing the tooth distribution density, are often taken. However, this increases the service life of PDC bits while decreasing the rate of penetration of the bit. Therefore, a plurality of auxiliary rock breaking tools are produced at the same time, and certain application effects are achieved. However, these tools all have a major role in reducing and damping some single form of downhole vibration. Because the vibrations are mutually coupled, once the drill bit generates various vibrations, the conventional drilling tool assembly and the conventional speed-up tool still have difficulty in ensuring that the mechanical drilling speed can be effectively improved.
Therefore, based on the prior art, a downhole auxiliary drilling tool is needed to improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drilling tool.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is directed to provide a downhole auxiliary drilling tool capable of reducing impact of downhole axial vibration on a drill bit to prevent damage of the drill bit, reducing occurrence of seizing and "stall", and preventing damage of the drill bit and failure of a drilling tool, thereby improving the life of the drill bit. Meanwhile, the underground auxiliary drilling tool can provide impact force in a high-frequency changing composite direction for the drill bit, and in addition, the underground auxiliary drilling tool can also automatically store and release torque exceeding a limit value in the drilling process, so that the rock breaking capacity of the drill bit is effectively increased, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the problems of drill bit sticking and slipping, stalling, slow mechanical drilling speed and the like in a hard formation and an interlayer are solved.
According to the present invention there is provided a downhole assisted drilling tool comprising: an impact energy generator, comprising: a cylindrical casing, a hollow drive shaft concentrically arranged in the casing, a valve disc mechanism arranged on the drive shaft, wherein the valve disc mechanism comprises a fixed valve disc and a movable valve disc, the movable valve disc is arranged to be driven by the drive shaft to rotate so as to enable the flow area of the valve disc mechanism to change periodically, and a drilling fluid diversion mechanism formed between the casing and the drive shaft and comprising a piston head hermetically arranged on the inner wall of the casing, a diversion piece arranged inside the piston head, a force transmission sleeve arranged in the casing, and at least one turbine section arranged downstream of the piston head and in the force transmission sleeve, wherein the diversion piece is configured to allow a part of the drilling fluid to directly flow into an inner channel of the drive shaft, and another part of the drilling fluid to flow into the inner channel through the turbine section, two ends of the force transmission sleeve are respectively and fixedly connected with the piston head and the fixed valve disc, and the turbine section is constructed to drive the transmission shaft to rotate under the action of drilling fluid; and an impact energy distributor disposed downstream of the impact energy generator, comprising: the hollow core shaft is connected with the fixed valve disc at one end and connected with a lower drilling tool at the other end, and the pressure torsion shell is connected with the downstream end of the outer sleeve and forms spiral fit with the core shaft, so that the axial impact force borne by the core shaft is converted into composite impact force.
In a preferred embodiment, the splitter element is configured as a sleeve element with a radial flange at one end, the circumferential wall of the sleeve element being provided with a number of slots allowing a part of the drilling fluid to flow into the turbine section.
In a preferred embodiment, the splitter is fixed at an upstream end of the drive shaft and a converging nozzle is mounted within the drive shaft adjacent the splitter.
In a preferred embodiment, the turbine section includes a stator and a rotor configured to rotate under the action of drilling fluid to rotate the drive shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, an adjusting ring is provided in the force transmission sleeve downstream of the turbine section, and a through groove is provided in the drive shaft in the region corresponding to the adjusting ring for guiding the drilling fluid flowing through the turbine section to the internal passage of the drive shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, a thrust bearing is mounted between the adjusting ring and the movable valve disk.
In a preferred embodiment, the movable valve disc is provided with an eccentric hole, so that the flow area of the valve disc mechanism is changed periodically.
In a preferred embodiment, the movable valve disc is fixed with the transmission shaft through a turbine seat and is mounted on the fixed valve disc through a bearing.
In a preferred embodiment, a vibration-damping torque stabilizer is arranged between the impact energy generator and the impact energy distributor.
In a preferred embodiment, the shock-absorbing torque stabilizer includes: the two ends of the spring cylinder are respectively fixedly connected with the outer sleeve and the pressure torsion shell, the spring inner sleeve is arranged in the spring cylinder, the two ends of the spring inner sleeve are respectively connected with the fixed valve disc and the mandrel, and at least one group of disc springs are arranged between the spring cylinder and the spring inner sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment, a first limiting member and a second limiting member are respectively disposed at two ends of the disc spring, and the spring inner sleeve is connected to the spindle through the second limiting member.
In a preferred embodiment, a gasket for adjusting the pretightening force of the disc spring is arranged between the disc spring and the first and second limiting members.
In a preferred embodiment, the spring inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the second limiting member, and a core shaft sleeve is disposed at one end of the core shaft and contacts with the second limiting member through a bearing.
In a preferred embodiment, the mandrel is provided with an outer screw, and the press-and-turn shell is provided with an inner screw capable of cooperating with the outer screw, and a through hole for injecting a lubricant.
According to the underground auxiliary drilling tool, the impact energy generator and the impact energy distributor can generate axial impact energy and circumferential impact energy, so that high-frequency-change impact force with the axial direction and the circumferential direction is provided for a drill bit, and the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical drilling speed of a drilling tool are greatly improved. When the drilling tool stalls, the drilling tool can axially move and pull the drill bit through the screw pair in the impact energy distributor, so that the large-amplitude rapid axial movement is prevented. Meanwhile, the underground auxiliary drilling tool is provided with the damping torque stabilizer, so that the impact force of a drill bit of the drilling tool can be buffered by compressing the disc spring at the moment of contacting the bottom of the well, and the impact of the underground axial vibration on the drill bit is reduced. Effectively prevents the drill bit from being damaged, prevents the drilling tool from being broken, and greatly prolongs the service life of the drill bit. The disc spring in the underground auxiliary drilling tool can automatically store and release torque exceeding a limit value in the drilling process, so that the underground auxiliary drilling tool has a good torsion stabilizing function, the occurrence of the slip phenomenon is reduced, the torsional vibration of a drilling tool is avoided, and the problems of bit sticking and jumping, stick slip, 'stall', slow mechanical drilling speed and the like in a hard stratum and an interlayer are effectively solved.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to the present invention.
FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 show, in segmented form, the configuration of the downhole auxiliary well tool of FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 illustrates the structure of a valve disc mechanism in a downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to the present invention.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a downhole auxiliary well tool 100 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the downhole assisted drilling tool 100 includes an impact energy generator 110. The impact energy generator 110 is mainly used for converting the energy of the drilling fluid to generate axial impact energy. An impact energy distributor 120 is further provided at a lower end of the impact energy generator 110, and the impact energy distributor 120 is mainly used to redistribute the axial impact energy generated by the impact energy generator 110, thereby forming a composite impact energy having both the axial impact energy and the circumferential impact energy. The downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 can provide impact force with high-frequency change and compound direction to the drill bit through the impact energy generator 110 and the impact energy distributor 120, and the working efficiency of the drilling tool is effectively improved. The shock-absorbing torque stabilizer 130 is arranged between the impact energy generator 110 and the impact energy distributor 120, so that in the construction process, the axial vibration of a drilling tool can be reduced, the impact on a drill bit is reduced, the service life of the drill bit is effectively prolonged, the torque exceeding a limit value can be automatically stored and released, when the stall occurs, the axial movement of the drill bit can be linked, and the rapid axial displacement can be prevented.
In the present application, the end of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 that is closer to the wellhead is defined as the upper end or similar term and the end that is farther from the wellhead is defined as the lower end or similar term as it is installed on the drilling tool and run downhole.
FIG. 2 shows the structure of the impact energy generator 110 in the downhole auxiliary well tool 100. As shown in fig. 2, the impact energy generator 110 comprises a casing 2 configured in a cylindrical shape. The two ends of the outer sleeve 2 are both provided with a conical connecting buckle. The upper end of the outer sleeve 2 is connected with an upper joint 1 through a conical connecting buckle. The downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 is connected with the upper drilling tool through the upper connector 1, and the installation operation is simple and quick.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a drive shaft 13 is provided inside the outer jacket 2, and the drive shaft 13 is arranged concentrically with the outer jacket 2. The centre of the drive shaft 13 is provided with an internal passage 52 for the flowing drilling fluid, the internal passage 52 extending in the axial direction. And a drilling fluid shunting mechanism is arranged between the outer sleeve 2 and the transmission shaft 13. The drilling fluid diversion mechanism comprises a piston head comprising a first piston head 4 sealingly mounted on the inner wall of the outer casing 2. Within the first piston head 4 is mounted a second piston head 5. The first piston head 4 is fixedly connected with the second piston head 5. In one embodiment, the first piston head 4 and the second piston head 5 are fixedly connected by means of a thread. The first piston head 4 and the second piston head 5 are arranged upstream of the drive shaft 13. An O-ring seal may be provided between the first piston head 4 and the second piston head 5 to ensure a seal between the first piston head 4 and the second piston head 5.
In this embodiment, a splitter 6 is also mounted within the first piston head 4. As shown in fig. 2, the splitter element 6 is configured as a sleeve element provided with a radial flange at one end. The circumferential wall of the sleeve part is provided with a plurality of gaps which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve part. The splitter 6 is fixedly mounted to the upstream end of the drive shaft 13. In one embodiment, the inner surface of the lower end of the flow divider 6 is threaded and the flow divider 6 is secured to the upstream end of the drive shaft 13 by a threaded connection. A converging nozzle 8 is also mounted on the upstream end of the drive shaft 13 adjacent the splitter 6. Thus, when the drilling fluid from the upper drilling tool passes through the flow dividing member 6, a part of the drilling fluid (hereinafter referred to as a first drilling fluid) directly flows into the inner passage 52 of the transmission shaft 13 through the converging nozzle 8, and the other part of the drilling fluid (hereinafter referred to as a second drilling fluid) enters the annular space between the transmission shaft 13 and the outer sleeve 2 through the gap on the side wall of the flow dividing member 6, so that the flow dividing of the drilling fluid is realized. The flow of the second drilling fluid will be described in detail below.
In the present embodiment, an external thread is processed on the outer surface of the converging nozzle 8, whereby the converging nozzle 8 is fixed to the drive shaft 13 by a screw connection. In order to guarantee the tightness between the converging nozzle 8 and the drive shaft 13, in one embodiment. A sealing groove is arranged on the inner surface of the transmission shaft 13, which is in contact with the convergent nozzle 8, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the sealing groove, so that the convergent nozzle 8 and the transmission shaft 13 are sealed. The converging nozzle 8 may be made of erosion resistant material. In a preferred embodiment, the converging nozzle 8 is made of cemented carbide. Therefore, the sealing performance between the converging nozzle 8 and the transmission shaft 13 can be effectively guaranteed, the effect of converging drilling fluid is enhanced, the converging nozzle can be guaranteed to have certain hardness, and the service life of the converging nozzle 8 is prolonged.
According to the invention, the drilling fluid diversion mechanism further comprises a force transmission sleeve 11 mounted on the inner wall of the outer casing 2. As shown in fig. 2, the force transmission sleeve 11 is configured cylindrically. The upstream end of the force transmission sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the first piston head 4. In one embodiment, the inner side surfaces of both ends of the force transmission sleeve 11 are provided with a thread, and the upstream end of the force transmission sleeve 11 is connected to the first piston head 4 by a thread and further fixed by a set screw. In this way, the stability between the force transmission sleeve 11 and the first piston head 4 is effectively ensured, reducing the vibrations of the drilling tool. The downstream end of the force transmission sleeve 11 is connected to a valve disc arrangement as will be described in more detail below.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, at the lower end of the first piston head 4, several turbine segments 12 are provided, the turbine segments 12 being mounted on the drive shaft 13 and inside the force transmission sleeve 11. Each turbine section 12 comprises a stator in close contact with the inner wall of the force transmission sleeve 11 and a rotor mounted on the drive shaft 13. The rotor is configured to rotate under the influence of the drilling fluid (i.e., the second drilling fluid), and the drive shaft 13 is rotated by the friction between the rotor and the drive shaft 13. Rolling bearings 10 may be installed at both upper and lower ends of the plurality of turbine sections 12 to perform a radial supporting and centering function. The upper end surface of the rolling bearing arranged at the upper end of the plurality of turbine sections 12 can abut against the lower end surface of the first piston head 4 to realize the axial positioning. The plurality of turbine sections 12 are compacted by the two-end rolling bearings 10, and the axial position of the turbine sections 12 is adjusted by the adjusting ring 14 (shown in fig. 3). In this embodiment, the length of the adjustment ring 14 can be adjusted by actual fit dimensions to avoid machining errors. The stators are mutually compacted, and the rotors are also mutually compacted. Therefore, when the second drilling fluid flowing into the annular space between the transmission shaft 13 and the outer sleeve 2 through the flow dividing member 6 flows through the turbine section 12 to drive the rotor to rotate, the rotor further drives the transmission shaft 13 to rotate through the friction force between the turbine section 12 and the transmission shaft 13, and therefore the rotation of the transmission shaft 13 is achieved.
As shown in fig. 3, an adjusting ring 14 is installed at the downstream end of the rolling bearing at the lower end of the turbine section 12, and is used for adjusting the axial position of the turbine section 12, so as to ensure that the adjusting ring can effectively drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate. The adjustment ring 14 is located within the force transmission sleeve 11. A support sleeve 15 is installed between the adjustment ring 14 and the transmission shaft 13 for securing a radial space between the adjustment ring 14 and the transmission shaft 13. Furthermore, a through-channel 51 is provided in the region of the drive shaft 13 corresponding to the adjusting ring 14 for conducting the second drilling fluid flowing through the turbine section 12 into an internal channel 52 of the drive shaft 13. In this way, during operation, the diverted second drilling fluid is able to flow continuously through the turbine section 12, thereby ensuring continuous rotation of the turbine section 12.
According to the present invention, a turbine housing 18 may be further installed at the lower end of the driving shaft 13. In one embodiment, turbine housing 18 is fixedly mounted to drive shaft 13 by a threaded connection that is capable of rotating with drive shaft 13. Between the adjusting ring 14 and the turbine seat 18 are mounted several thrust bearings 16. The thrust bearing 16 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 13 and is positioned between the transmission shaft 13 and the force transmission sleeve 11 for bearing axial load. In the present embodiment, a positioning sleeve 17 is provided between the turbine housing 18 and the outer sleeve 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the drilling fluid diversion mechanism further comprises a valve disc mechanism 60 mounted on the drive shaft 13. A valve disc mechanism 60 is arranged at the downstream end of the drive shaft 13, inside the force transmission sleeve 11. The valve disc mechanism 60 comprises a fixed valve disc 23 mounted on the inner wall of the force transmission sleeve 11 and the outer housing 2. The stationary valve disc 23 is fixedly connected to the force transmission sleeve 11 and remains stationary. In one embodiment the fixed valve disc 23 is connected to the force transmission sleeve 11 by means of a thread and a set screw is provided between the fixed valve disc 23 and the force transmission sleeve 11 for further fixation. In order to ensure the tightness between the stationary valve disk 23 and the force transmission sleeve 11, in one embodiment a sealing groove is provided on the outer surface of the lower end of the stationary valve disk 23, in which a greige ring is fitted for sealing. An anti-wear sleeve 21 can be further installed on the inner side of the fixed valve disc 23, and the inner surface of the fixed valve disc 23 and the anti-wear sleeve 21 are installed in an interference fit mode.
Fig. 5 shows a specific structure of the valve disc mechanism 60. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, threads are machined on the inner surface of the lower end of the stationary valve disk 23 for connection with a corresponding downstream component. Meanwhile, an O-ring seal may be provided between the stationary valve disk 23 and a downstream component to form a seal. The stationary valve plate 23 is formed with a first hole 56.
In the present embodiment, the movable valve disk 19 is attached to the upper end (left end in fig. 3) of the stationary valve disk 23, for example, via a bearing 20. The movable valve disc 19 is fixedly connected with the turbine seat 18, thereby forming a fixed connection with the transmission shaft 13. In one embodiment, the movable valve disk 19 is fixedly connected to the turbine seat 18 by a screw. A wear sleeve 21 may also be mounted on the inner surface of the valve disc 19, the wear sleeve 21 being mounted in an interference fit with the valve disc 19. In the present embodiment, the second hole 55 is provided in the movable valve disk 19. Although not explicitly shown in fig. 4, according to the present invention, the first and second holes 56 and 55 are in an eccentric relationship with each other.
According to the invention, since the fixed valve disc 23 is fixed and does not rotate and the movable valve disc 19 rotates under the driving of the transmission shaft 13, and the first hole 56 on the fixed valve disc 23 and the second hole 55 on the movable valve disc 19 form an eccentric relationship, the flow area of the valve disc mechanism 60 changes periodically along with the rotation of the movable valve disc 19. Therefore, the pressure above the actuating valve disc 19 is continuously changed, the pressure acts on the piston head to form periodically changed pressure which is finally transmitted to a drill bit arranged at the downstream of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100, so that the drill bit is superposed with partial high-frequency composite impact force under the action of conventional drilling pressure and torque, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drilling tool is greatly improved. Furthermore, the force is variable at high frequency, the frequency of which depends on the frequency of rotation of the turbine section 12, and the magnitude of the variation depends on the magnitude of the change in flow area between the movable and stationary valve discs 19, 23. The acting force enables the drilling tool to have axial and circumferential composite impact force, effectively improves the composite drilling function of the drilling tool, and greatly improves the drilling efficiency of the drilling tool.
The downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 according to the present invention further comprises a shock absorbing torque stabilizer 130. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a damper stabilizer 130 is provided at a downstream end of the impact energy generator 110. The damper stabilizer 130 includes a spring cylinder 28, the spring cylinder 28 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and tapered connection buttons are respectively provided at both ends of the spring cylinder 28. The spring cylinder 28 is internally provided with a tubular spring inner sleeve 24, the spring inner sleeve 24 and the spring cylinder 28 are concentrically arranged, and the upper end of the spring inner sleeve 24 is fixedly connected with the fixed valve disc 23. In one embodiment, the spring inner housing 24 is fixedly connected to the fixed valve disk 23 by a screw thread. Meanwhile, a plurality of O-shaped sealing rings 22 are arranged between the spring inner sleeve 24 and the fixed valve disc 23, so that sealing is formed between the spring inner sleeve 24 and the fixed valve disc 23.
In this embodiment, several sets of disc springs 27 are disposed in the annular space between the spring cylinder 28 and the spring inner 24. The disc spring 27 can be expanded and contracted in the axial direction, so that the axial impact of the drilling tool is slowly released. A first limiting member 25 and a second limiting member 29 are respectively disposed at both ends of the disc spring 27, and a spacer 26 is respectively installed between the disc spring 27 and the first limiting member 25 and the second limiting member 29. The washer 26 serves to adjust the initial pretension of the disc spring 27.
As shown in fig. 3, the first limiting member 25 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and tapered connection buttons are provided at both ends. The first limiting member 25 is sleeved on the spring inner sleeve 24 and is located between the outer sleeve 2 and the spring cylinder 28. The first limiting member 25 is fixedly connected with the conical connecting buckles of the outer sleeve 2 and the spring cylinder 28 through the conical connecting buckles at the two ends of the conical connecting buckles. The upper end of the disc spring 27 abuts against the lower end surface of the first stopper 25, thereby stopping the disc spring 27. As shown in fig. 5, the second limiting member 29 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the spring inner 24, and in one embodiment, the second limiting member 29 is connected to the spring inner 24 by a screw. The disc spring 27 abuts on the upper end of the second stopper 29 to stop the disc spring 27.
When the drill bit is instantaneously impacted by the stratum, the disc spring 27 is compressed and the impact energy is converted into the elastic potential energy of the disc spring 27 and stored in the disc spring 27. At this point, the bit is gradually lifted from the bottom of the well until the bit returns to its original rotational speed. When the torque of the bit is reduced, the energy stored by the disc spring 27 is released, maintaining the bit drilling properly. The compressed disc spring 27 can buffer the impact force, and the underground auxiliary drilling tool 100 can automatically store and release the torque exceeding the limit value through the disc spring 27, so that the vibration of a drilling tool is effectively reduced, the damage of a drill bit is avoided, and the service life of the drill bit is prolonged.
FIG. 4 illustrates the configuration of the impact energy distributor 120 in the downhole auxiliary well tool 100. As shown in fig. 4, the impact energy distributor 120 is disposed at a downstream end of the shock absorbing stabilizer 130. The impact energy distributor 120 includes a mandrel 35 configured in a hollow shape. At the upper end of the mandrel 35 a mandrel shell 33 is fixedly attached by means of a thread and a set screw 34, while the lower end of the mandrel 35 is used for attaching a lower drilling tool, such as a drill bit (not shown). The core shaft sleeve 33 is connected with the core shaft 35 in a sealing mode, and the core shaft sleeve 33 is connected with the inner surface of the spring cylinder body 28 in a sealing mode. In one embodiment, O-rings 32 are provided between the core sleeve 33 and the core shaft 35, and a plurality of gray rings 31 are provided between the core sleeve 33 and the inner surface of the lower end of the spring cylinder 28, thereby forming a sealing connection between the core sleeve 33 and both the core shaft 35 and the spring cylinder 28. Further, in order to reduce friction between the second stopper 29 and the core bushing 33 and to reduce resistance therebetween, a bearing 30 is installed between the second stopper 29 and the core bushing 33.
According to the invention, the impact energy distributor 120 further comprises a compression-torsion housing 37. As shown in fig. 4, the press button housing 37 is configured in a cylindrical shape, and both ends thereof are provided with tapered coupling buttons. The press-and-turn shell 37 is mounted on the mandrel 35, and the conical connection button at the upper end of the press-and-turn shell 37 is matched with the conical connection button at the lower end of the spring cylinder 28 to form a fixed connection. An inner spiral groove is formed on the inner surface of the press-and-turn shell 37, and an outer spiral capable of being matched with the inner spiral groove on the press-and-turn shell 37 is formed on the mandrel 35. The axial impact force borne by the mandrel 35 can be converted into a composite impact force through the spiral fit between the mandrel 35 and the press-and-twist shell 37. When the drilling tool stalls, the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 can generate axial movement traction on the drill bit through the screw pair, so that rapid axial movement in a large range is prevented, the drill bit is effectively prevented from being damaged, the damage to the downhole drilling tool and a measurement while drilling instrument is reduced, and the service life of the drilling tool is prolonged.
In this embodiment, a radially outward annular groove is provided on the inner surface of the torque housing 37. A through hole 70 is provided on the side wall of the housing 37 provided with the annular groove. Through the through hole 70, a lubricant, such as a lubricating oil or grease, can be injected into the gap between the torque housing 37 and the spindle 35. A plug screw 36 may be mounted in the through bore 70 to form a seal. Thus, the spiral fit between the mandrel 35 and the press-and-twist shell 37 and the lubrication between the mandrel and the press-and-twist shell can be effectively ensured, so that the spiral fit can move freely, and the shock resistance of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 is greatly enhanced.
As shown in fig. 4, a sealing body 39 may be further provided at the lower end of the press-and-twist housing 37. The seal body 39 is mounted on the spindle 35. The sealing body 39 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and a tapered coupling is provided inside the upper end of the sealing body 39. The sealing body 39 is connected with the conical connecting buckle at the lower end of the press-and-turn shell 37 in a matching way through the conical connecting buckle at the upper end and is fixedly connected together through threads. In one embodiment, a plurality of GREEN rings 38 are provided between the seal body 39 and the mandrel 35 to form a seal between the mandrel 35 and the seal body.
The working principle of the downhole assisted drilling tool 100 according to the present invention is briefly described below. In practice, the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 is mounted on a drill string of the drilling tool in close proximity to the drill bit. During drilling operations, the drill bit is subjected to an upward impact force imparted by the formation at the instant the bit contacts the bottom of the well. At this time, the mandrel 35 of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 moves upward through the screw pair with the press button housing 37, the whole drilling tool is in a compressed state, so that the whole drilling string is shortened, and the compressed disc spring 27 converts the impact energy into the elastic potential energy of the disc spring 27 to be stored in the disc spring 27, so that the impact force applied to the drill bit is buffered. When the drill tool is stuck and slipped, the drill bit bears the torque exceeding the set value, and at the moment, under the action of the screw pair between the mandrel 35 and the press-and-twist shell 37, the disc spring 27 is compressed to drive the drill bit to move upwards until the drill bit returns to the original rotation speed. When the torque of the drill bit is reduced, the energy stored in the disc spring 27 is released, the mandrel 35 is pushed through the second limiting member 29 and the mandrel sleeve 33, and the screw pair between the second limiting member and the press-torsion shell 37 moves downwards, so that the torque energy is released, and the normal drilling of the drill bit is maintained.
Meanwhile, during normal drilling, the drilling fluid passes through the interior of the drilling tool. The drilling fluid is split as it flows through the splitter 6 and a portion of the drilling fluid continues to flow down the central conduit 52 of the drive shaft 13 through the converging nozzle 8. And the other part flows through the slits on the side wall of the splitter 6 into the annular space between the first piston head 4 and the splitter 6 and further flows through the rolling bearing 10 and the sets of turbine sections 12. As it flows through the turbine section 12, it causes the turbine rotor to rotate. The turbine rotor drives the transmission shaft 13 to rotate through friction force, and further drives the turbine seat 18 and the movable valve disc 19 to rotate. Since the fixed valve disc 23 does not rotate, the aperture between the movable valve disc 19 and the fixed valve disc 23 is eccentric. Therefore, the flow area between the movable valve disk 19 and the fixed valve disk 23 changes periodically as the movable valve disk 19 rotates. The pressure above the actuator disk 19 is thus constantly changing, which acts on the piston head to form a periodically changing pressure, which is varied at a high frequency, the frequency of which depends on the frequency of rotation of the turbine section 12 and the magnitude of which depends on the magnitude of the change in the flow area between the actuator disk 19 and the stationary valve disk 23. The force thus varied at high frequency is transmitted to the spindle 35 via the first piston head 4, the force transmission sleeve 11, the stationary valve disk 23, the spring inner sleeve 24, the second stop 29 and the spindle sleeve 33. Due to the spiral fit between the mandrel 35 and the press-and-twist shell 37, the acting force is changed into the direction of the spiral helix angle, and is finally transmitted to the drill bit arranged at the downstream of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100, so that a part of high-frequency composite impact force is superposed on the drill bit under the action of conventional drilling pressure and torque, and the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical drilling speed of the drilling tool are improved.
According to the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100, the impact energy generator 110 is arranged, so that the energy conversion of the drilling fluid is realized, the axial impact energy is generated, the impact energy is redistributed through the impact energy distributor 120, the axial impact force is converted into the composite impact force, the impact force with high frequency change and the composite direction of the axial direction and the circumferential direction is provided for a drill bit, and the rock breaking efficiency and the mechanical drilling speed of the drilling tool are greatly improved. Meanwhile, the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 is provided with the damping torque stabilizer 130, so that the impact force can be buffered by compressing the disc spring 27 at the moment that the drill bit of the drilling tool contacts the bottom of the well. When the drilling tool stalls, the drilling tool can axially move and pull the drill bit through the screw pair in the impact energy distributor 120, so that the rapid axial movement in a large range is effectively prevented. Therefore, the drill bit can be effectively prevented from being damaged, the torsional vibration of the drilling tool is avoided, the drilling tool is prevented from being broken and the drilling bit is prevented from being broken or damaged, the axial vibration of the drilling tool is effectively reduced, the service life of the drill bit is greatly prolonged, the damage to the underground drilling tool and a measurement instrument while drilling is reduced, and the service life of the drilling tool is prolonged. Meanwhile, the disc spring 27 can automatically store and release the torque exceeding the limited value in the drilling process, so that the underground auxiliary drilling tool 100 has a good torque stabilizing function.
Although the various components of the downhole auxiliary well tool 100 according to the present invention are described in detail above, it should be understood that not all of the components are required. Rather, some of the components may be omitted so long as the corresponding functional performance of the downhole auxiliary drilling tool 100 according to the present invention is not affected.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A downhole assisted drilling tool comprising:
an impact energy generator, comprising:
a cylindrical outer sleeve (2),
a hollow drive shaft (13) arranged concentrically in the outer jacket (2),
a valve disc mechanism (60) arranged on the transmission shaft (13), wherein the valve disc mechanism comprises a fixed valve disc (23) and a movable valve disc (19) which is arranged to be driven by the transmission shaft to rotate so as to enable the flow area of the valve disc mechanism (60) to change periodically, and
a drilling fluid diversion mechanism formed between the outer sleeve (2) and the transmission shaft (13), which comprises a piston head arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (2) in a sealing way, a shunt piece (6) arranged inside the piston head and a force transmission sleeve (11) arranged in the outer sleeve (2), and at least one turbine section (12) arranged downstream of the piston head and within the force transmission sleeve, wherein the flow divider (6) is configured to allow a portion of the drilling fluid to flow directly into the internal passage (52) of the drive shaft (13) and another portion of the drilling fluid to flow into the internal passage (52) through the turbine section (12), the two ends of the force transmission sleeve (11) are respectively and fixedly connected with the piston head and the fixed valve disc (23), the turbine section (12) is configured to drive the transmission shaft (13) to rotate under the action of drilling fluid; and
an impact energy distributor disposed downstream of said impact energy generator, comprising:
a hollow mandrel (35) having one end connected to said stationary valve disk (23) and the other end connected to a lower drill, an
A torque housing (37) connected to the downstream end of the outer sleeve (2) and forming a helical fit with the mandrel (35) to convert axial impact forces experienced by the mandrel into composite impact forces,
wherein the splitter (6) is configured as a sleeve element with a radial flange at one end, the circumferential wall of the sleeve element being provided with a number of slots allowing a part of the drilling fluid to flow into the turbine section (12).
2. A downhole assisted drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the splitter (6) is fixed at an upstream end of the drive shaft (13) and a converging nozzle (8) is mounted in the drive shaft (13) adjacent to the splitter (6).
3. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the turbine section comprises a stator and a rotor configured to be rotated by a drilling fluid, thereby rotating the drive shaft (13).
4. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein an adjustment ring (14) is provided downstream of the turbine section (12) in the force transmission sleeve (11), and a through slot (51) is provided in the drive shaft (13) in a region corresponding to the adjustment ring (14) for guiding drilling fluid flowing through the turbine section (12) to an inner passage (52) of the drive shaft.
5. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 4, wherein a thrust bearing (16) is mounted between the adjusting ring (14) and the movable valve disc (19).
6. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the movable valve disc (19) is provided with an eccentric hole, so that the flow area of the valve disc mechanism (60) is periodically changed.
7. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 6, wherein the movable valve disc (19) is fixed with the drive shaft (13) by a turbine seat (18) and mounted on the stationary valve disc (23) by a bearing (20).
8. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein a shock absorbing torque stabilizer (130) is arranged between the impact energy generator and the impact energy distributor.
9. The downhole assisted drilling tool of claim 8, wherein the shock absorbing torque stabilizer (130) comprises:
a spring cylinder body (28), two ends of which are respectively fixedly connected with the outer sleeve (2) and the pressure torsion shell (37),
a spring inner sleeve (24) arranged in the spring cylinder body (28), wherein two ends of the spring inner sleeve are respectively connected with the fixed valve disc (23) and the mandrel (35),
wherein at least one group of disc springs (27) are arranged between the spring cylinder and the spring inner sleeve.
10. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 9, wherein a first stop member (25) and a second stop member (29) are provided at both ends of the disc spring (27), respectively, and the spring inner sleeve (24) is connected to the spindle (35) through the second stop member (29).
11. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 10, wherein a spacer (26) for adjusting the pre-load of the disc spring (27) is arranged between the disc spring (27) and the first and second retaining members (25, 29).
12. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 11, wherein the spring inner housing (24) is fixedly connected with the second stop (29), and a mandrel collar (33) is provided at one end of the mandrel (35), the mandrel collar (33) being in contact with the second stop (29) via a bearing (30).
13. A downhole auxiliary drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel (35) is provided with an outer thread, and the torque shell (37) is provided with an inner thread adapted to cooperate with the outer thread, and through holes for injecting a lubricant.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810392282.2A CN110410000B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Well drilling assisting tool |
| CA3037025A CA3037025A1 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2019-03-18 | Downhole auxiliary drilling apparatus |
| US16/373,169 US10927612B2 (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2019-04-02 | Downhole auxiliary drilling apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810392282.2A CN110410000B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Well drilling assisting tool |
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| CN110410000A CN110410000A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
| CN110410000B true CN110410000B (en) | 2020-10-20 |
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| CN201810392282.2A Active CN110410000B (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | Well drilling assisting tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112983255B (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2022-02-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Drilling tool and method for determining parameters thereof |
| CN112177529B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-04-19 | 西南石油大学 | Efficient rock breaking oscillation device with disc spring-sealed cavity buffering function |
| CN112502608B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | Anti-sticking drilling acceleration tool |
| HUE062539T2 (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2023-11-28 | Eurodrill Gmbh | Drilling drive device for an earth boring machine |
| CN116876980B (en) * | 2023-05-26 | 2024-05-24 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Pulse composite impact drilling tool |
| CN118582158B (en) * | 2024-08-07 | 2024-10-29 | 青岛理工大学 | Underground impact rotary combined drilling equipment for mine |
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| US20130118769A1 (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-16 | Chin-Yi Lee | Air pressure reused pneumatic hammer drill |
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| CN102705140A (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2012-10-03 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Drilling power tool, drilling tool and drilling method for forming boreholes |
| CN203515361U (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-04-02 | 山东华油博远石油开发有限公司 | Sleeve type telescopic short joint for well completion pipe column |
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