CN110385008B - A desorption system is concentrated to vapor for handling useless active carbon that contains VOCs - Google Patents
A desorption system is concentrated to vapor for handling useless active carbon that contains VOCs Download PDFInfo
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- CN110385008B CN110385008B CN201910435439.XA CN201910435439A CN110385008B CN 110385008 B CN110385008 B CN 110385008B CN 201910435439 A CN201910435439 A CN 201910435439A CN 110385008 B CN110385008 B CN 110385008B
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 306
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 226
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 61
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- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 15
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- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 4
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/402—Further details for adsorption processes and devices using two beds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs, which comprises a filtering system, a main fan, a circulating fan, at least two groups of desorption boxes, at least two groups of adsorption carbon tanks, a chimney, a saturated water vapor supply device, a condensed water circulating system, a tubular condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a surface cooler, a liquid phase separation system, a solvent recovery device and a wastewater recovery device. The invention can flexibly solve the problems that various active carbons containing saturated VOCs in large batches are desorbed, the waste active carbon of a factory is desorbed and regenerated, the active carbon desorbed and regenerated by the factory can be put into treatment equipment again for use, the desorption period is short, the adsorbed organic solvent is recovered together when the active carbon adsorption material of the factory is regenerated, the economic burden of pollution discharge is reduced, the economic benefit is generated, and the dilemma that the treatment capacity of a conventional recovery treatment company is saturated and the recovery cannot be satisfied in a large environment is avoided. The project mode has huge market potential and provides a new way for VOCs treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of VOCs waste gas purification treatment, in particular to a water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs.
Background
In China, VOCs (volatile organic compounds) volatile organic compounds refer to organic compounds with saturated vapor pressure of more than 133.32Pa at normal temperature and boiling point of less than 50-260 ℃ at normal pressure, or any volatile organic solid or liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure. Due to the strong volatility of organic solvents, most of the organic solvents are converted into VOCs and discharged into the air.
At present, most of the treatment is carried out by adopting a simple activated carbon particle adsorption process, and the replacement cost of the activated carbon saturated by adsorption is high, and the difficulty that the treatment capacity of a conventional recovery treatment company is saturated and cannot meet the recovery requirement in a large environment is overcome. In addition, due to the reasons of difficult supervision and the like caused by the dispersion of the quantity and the distribution, the stable standard discharge of the small and medium VOCs is difficult to ensure, and great difficulty exists in the aspect of promoting comprehensive rehabilitation of the VOCs. The invention can flexibly solve the regeneration problem of various (particle, honeycomb, column and the like) active carbon or other adsorption materials (such as active carbon, silica gel, molecular sieve, zeolite and the like which can be used as adsorption materials for purifying waste gas) containing saturated VOCs in small batches, and saves cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs, by the invention, various (particles, honeycombs, columns and the like) activated carbon containing saturated VOCs in large batches can be flexibly solved, the waste activated carbon of a factory is subjected to desorption treatment, the activated carbon subjected to desorption regeneration of the factory can be put into treatment equipment again for use, the desorption period is short, the adsorbed organic solvent is recovered together when the activated carbon adsorption material of the factory is regenerated, the economic burden of pollution discharge is reduced, economic benefit is generated, and the dilemma of the conventional recovery treatment company in a large environment that the treatment capacity is saturated and the recovery cannot be satisfied is avoided. The project provides a new way for VOCs treatment. The method solves the dilemma of the conventional recovery processing company in a large environment in which the processing capacity is saturated and the recovery cannot be satisfied.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs, comprising a filtration system, a main fan, a circulating fan, at least two groups of desorption tanks, at least two groups of adsorption carbon tanks, a chimney, a saturated vapor supply device, a condensed water circulation system, a column condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a surface cooler, a liquid phase separation system, a solvent recovery device and a wastewater recovery device; the device comprises a desorption box, a saturated vapor supply device, a tube condenser, a spiral plate condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a spiral plate condenser, a main fan, a filtering system and a chimney, wherein the desorption box is internally provided with an accommodating space for placing waste active carbon, the saturated vapor supply device is respectively communicated with the desorption box and the adsorption carbon tank, the desorption box is respectively communicated with the tube condenser and the spiral plate condenser, the spiral plate condenser is respectively communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the desorption box, the surface cooler and the adsorption carbon tank, the gas-liquid separator is respectively communicated with the main fan and the spiral plate condenser, the main fan is communicated with the filtering system, the filtering system is communicated with the surface cooler, the surface cooler is respectively communicated with the spiral plate condenser and the adsorption carbon tank, and the adsorption carbon tank is respectively communicated with the tube condenser, the spiral plate condenser and the chimney; the chimney is respectively communicated with the circulating fan and the desorption box with the desorption completed, and the desorption box with the desorption completed is communicated with the shell and tube condenser; the spiral plate condenser is communicated with a liquid phase separation system, and the liquid phase separation system is respectively communicated with a main fan, a solvent recovery device and a wastewater recovery device; the condensed water circulation system is respectively connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler to provide circulating cooling water; the number of desorption tanks may be increased or decreased depending on the throughput. It should be noted that the plurality of desorption tanks constitute a desorption tank group, and the plurality of adsorption carbon tanks constitute an adsorption carbon tank group. According to the different treatment capacity, can dispose the desorption case group of suitable scale for the integrated car, when the scale of desorption case group increases (reduces), the scale of desorption adsorption carbon tank group will also increase (reduce) thereupon.
Preferably, the desorption boxes are two groups, namely a desorption box A and a desorption box B, and the adsorption carbon tanks are two groups, namely an adsorption carbon tank A and an adsorption carbon tank B; the output end of the saturated steam supply device is provided with a pressure reducing valve which is respectively communicated with four analysis inlet valves, and each analysis inlet valve is respectively communicated with a desorption box A, a desorption box B, an adsorption carbon tank A and an adsorption carbon tank B.
Preferably, the liquid phase separation system comprises a layering tank, a water layer tank and a solvent tank; the layered tank is communicated with the output end of the spiral plate condenser, the layered tank is respectively communicated with a water layer tank and a solvent tank, the water layer tank is communicated with the wastewater recovery device, and the solvent tank is communicated with the solvent recovery device; the output ends of the layering tank, the water layer tank and the solvent tank are respectively communicated with the input end of the main fan.
Preferably, the water layer tank is communicated with the wastewater recovery device through a wastewater pump.
Preferably, the solvent tank is in communication with the solvent recovery device via a solvent pump.
Preferably, the condensed water circulating system comprises a condensed water feeding part, a circulating pipeline and a condensed water backwater part.
Preferably, an output end of the desorption box is communicated with the spiral plate condenser through a desorption valve.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,
The first input end of the desorption box is communicated with the output end of the saturated steam supply device; the first output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser;
The input end of the tube nest condenser is communicated with the second output end of the desorption box; the output end of the tube condenser is communicated with the input end of the gas-liquid separator;
The input end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the output end of the tube condenser; the bottom output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the spiral plate condenser, and the top output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the input end of the main fan;
The first input end of the filtering system is connected with the output end of the main fan, and the output end of the filtering system is communicated with the first input end of the surface cooler;
the first input end of the surface cooler is communicated with the output end of the filtering system; the surface cooler is connected with the condensed water circulating system; the first output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the first input end of the adsorption carbon tank; adsorption carbon tank
The first input end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the second output end of the surface cooler through an air inlet valve, and the second input end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the output end of the saturated steam supply device; the first output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the chimney through an air outlet valve, the second output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser, and the third output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the adsorption carbon tank is connected with the circulating fan through an adsorption carbon tank bypass valve, and the circulating fan is communicated with the second input end of the desorption box through a drying valve; the input end of the spiral plate condenser is respectively communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the first output end of the desorption box, the first output end of the surface cooler and the third output end of the adsorption carbon tank, and the output end of the spiral plate condenser is communicated with the liquid phase separation system; the spiral plate condenser is connected with the condensed water circulating system;
The first input end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the spiral plate condenser, the first output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the solvent recovery device through the solvent pump, the second output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the wastewater recovery device through the wastewater pump, and the third output end positioned at the top of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the input end of the main fan;
The first input end of the main fan is communicated with the top output end of the gas-liquid separator; the second input end of the main fan is communicated with the third output end at the top of the liquid phase separation system; the output end of the main fan is communicated with the first input end of the filtering system;
The condensed water circulation system is respectively connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler and provides circulating cooling water;
And the saturated steam supply device is respectively communicated with the desorption box and the adsorption carbon tank through a pressure reducing valve.
Preferably, the liquid phase separation system comprises a layering tank, a water layer tank and a solvent tank, wherein the top output end of the layering tank, the top output end of the water layer tank and the top output end of the solvent tank are respectively connected with the second input end of the main fan.
The adsorption material can be conventionally used as an adsorption material for purifying waste gas, such as active carbon, silica gel, molecular sieve, zeolite and the like. That is, the desorption case of the present invention can handle various kinds of adsorbent materials (not only activated carbon) as described above, and various kinds of adsorbent materials (not only activated carbon) can be placed in the adsorption canister. The invention is applicable to various existing adsorption materials and has stronger universality and applicability. The user can select various adsorbing materials to treat the discharged VOCs according to actual conditions, and the waste adsorbing materials for saturating and adsorbing the VOCs can be regenerated through the water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating the waste activated carbon containing the VOCs, so that the method is more flexible.
The centralized desorption system of the present invention may also be referred to as a centralized desorption station. The concentrated desorption station is fixedly arranged on the ground, and the waste activated carbon is treated in a concentrated manner.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The on-site emission concentration monitoring instrument is respectively arranged at the emission port of the adsorption carbon tank to monitor whether the emission concentration reaches the standard or not, the adsorption carbon tank reaching adsorption saturation stops adsorbing, and the adsorption carbon tank is regenerated by adopting saturated steam desorption. Meanwhile, the special desorption technology can achieve very high desorption purity, and high efficiency and discharge safety of the adsorption carbon tank are guaranteed. The regenerated adsorption carbon tank is connected with a desorption system through a special desorption interface. In the desorption process, the desorption circulation pipeline is an anaerobic or low-oxygen closed system. When desorption is carried out, firstly, a circulating fan is started, saturated steam is injected, and the saturated steam is automatically adjusted until the air temperature at the inlet of the desorption box reaches the set temperature. When the concentration of the desorption gas solvent is continuously accumulated and reaches a certain concentration, the heat exchange condensation is carried out, and the recovered solvent is obtained. The solvent in the desorption tank is continuously desorbed and condensed by the continuous heat supply of the hot water vapor. The surface cooler output end is provided with a discharge concentration monitoring instrument for monitoring whether the discharge concentration reaches the standard, when the surface cooler output end reaches the very high desorption purity, the desorption of the desorption box is finished, the heating of the heater is stopped, the heat in the desorption box is consumed by the condenser, the desorption box is cooled to a safe temperature, the active carbon which is positioned at the safe temperature after the desorption is finished is taken out, the active carbon which needs to be desorbed is put into the desorption box for desorption, and one desorption cycle is continued. The desorption device is program-controlled through a PLC, fully-automatic monitoring and control are carried out on equipment, and a hard emergency stop button is arranged on the system. The control system has a screen monitoring function. The whole processing system can automatically and circularly run. The solvent recovered by the desorption box does not contain other impurities and is basically consistent with the purity of the materials in the storage tank. In the case of an incomplete nitrogen seal, the recovered solvent will contain a small amount of water. The invention can efficiently treat organic waste gas, and has high treatment efficiency, good reliability and high stability.
2. The application provides a centralized desorption system which is used for desorbing and treating waste activated carbon, in particular to waste activated carbon containing organic matters, and the organic matters refer to VOCs in particular. The collected (factory) used waste activated carbon is placed into one of the desorption tanks. Then saturated steam (high temperature) is introduced into the desorption box, the saturated steam plays a role of providing a heat source, the introduced saturated steam is contacted with waste active carbon in the desorption box, the waste active carbon is resolved under the heating effect, a part of VOCs directly flow to a spiral plate condenser in a liquid form, and then the VOCs enter a liquid phase separation system to separate the liquid into water and an organic solvent, and the water and the organic solvent are treated respectively; The other part of VOCs still exists in a gaseous state at high temperature, the gas enters a tube condenser from a desorption box, then enters a gas-liquid separator from the tube condenser, the gas-liquid separator outputs gas and liquid respectively, wherein the liquid from the gas-liquid separator enters a spiral plate condenser and then enters a liquid phase separation system, the gas from the gas-liquid separator enters a main fan, the main fan plays a role of sucking the gas, then enters a filter from the main fan, then enters a surface cooler, the surface cooler outputs gas and liquid respectively, the liquid output from the surface cooler enters the spiral plate condenser, and then sequentially enters the liquid phase separation system, The gas output from the surface cooler enters an adsorption carbon tank, activated carbon such as granular activated carbon and honeycomb activated carbon is placed in the adsorption carbon tank, and the adsorption treatment is carried out on the gas; The gas output from the adsorption tank is the gas that has been purified, and the discharge treatment can be performed. The amount of VOCs contained in the gas entering the adsorption canister is relatively small, so that only a small amount of activated carbon in the adsorption canister is required for desorption of a certain amount of spent activated carbon. In addition, the gas output from the adsorption carbon tank is dry gas, and the temperature thereof is also lower due to the cooling by the surface cooler, that is, the gas output from the adsorption carbon tank is gas which is basically free of VOCs, dry and lower in temperature (lower in temperature is a relative concept with respect to the desorption tank heated by saturated vapor), and the gas can be used for cooling the other desorption tank. That is, in the present application, two desorption tanks are provided, one for desorbing the waste activated carbon at the same time, and a part of the clean dry gas which is finally outputted from the adsorption tank is again introduced into the other desorption tank (which is not currently desorbing the waste activated carbon), so that the desorption tank can be cooled using the gas to be discharged. Moreover, this cooling effect is very good. The traditional mode of cooling the desorption box (adsorption box) is usually to introduce natural wind by a fan, but in a more humid place such as the south of China, the air water content is higher, water drops are formed in the desorption box when the desorption box is cooled by using the gas, which brings trouble to the next operation of desorbing waste activated carbon, and if the steps of dehumidifying and dedusting natural wind are adopted, the energy is wasted, the cost is increased, the method is not environment-friendly enough, the application creatively designs two stations (two desorption boxes), the clean dry gas after the desorption box in current work is cooled by desorption circulation carries out cooling treatment on the other desorption box to be cooled, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the convenience is realized; the waste gas utilization is achieved. This is also a bright spot of great importance for the present application.
3. The user periodically sends the saturated and adsorbed waste activated carbon (or other adsorption materials) to a concentrated desorption station for regeneration treatment, so that the cost of the whole waste gas treatment is reduced, the waste gas treatment of the activated carbon can be put into use in society at lower cost, and the method has a certain pushing effect on green and environment-friendly.
4. The activated carbon collected from service may be in various forms, either as bulk activated carbon particles or as specially shaped activated carbon treatment units. The desorption tank of the present invention can treat all of these activated carbons. This increases the scope of use of the present invention and increases versatility.
5. The activated carbon in the adsorption carbon tank is slowly saturated and adsorbed in the gradual use process. The invention can use saturated steam to desorb the active carbon in the adsorption carbon tank. In the present invention, there are two adsorption tanks, and only one of the adsorption tanks may be used to treat the gas transferred from the surface air cooler. When one of the adsorption carbon tanks is saturated to adsorb or is close to saturation, saturated vapor is introduced into the adsorption carbon tank, waste active carbon in the adsorption carbon tank is resolved, wherein liquid flows into the spiral condenser, gas directly enters the shell-and-tube condenser and then enters the gas-liquid separator, gas output from the gas-liquid separator enters the circulating fan, and liquid output from the gas-liquid separator enters the liquid-phase separation system.
6. When saturated steam is introduced to carry out desorption treatment on the activated carbon in the desorption box and the adsorption carbon tank, the saturated steam forms a circulation passage under the action of the circulating fan, and the surface cooler and the like generate heat energy loss, so that a certain amount of saturated steam needs to be continuously supplemented in the circulation passage.
7. When the industrial waste gas containing organic matters passes through the activated carbon bed, the organic matters in the industrial waste gas can be adsorbed and trapped by the activated carbon, so that the waste gas is purified. The activated carbon adsorbed with the organic matters is heated by saturated steam or hot air to provide heat for the organic matters adsorbed by the activated carbon, so that the kinetic energy of the activated carbon is improved, the bound of the adsorbent is eliminated, and the activated carbon is blown off and released to be discharged out of the desorption box. And condensing the organic matters into liquid after the desorption materials are subjected to heat exchange treatment of a condenser, so as to realize the recovery of the organic solvent. The invention can efficiently treat organic waste gas, and has high treatment efficiency, good reliability and high stability.
8. In the earlier stage of desorption, a certain amount of air is discharged, and the gas cannot be condensed and needs to be separated from the subsequent condensate, and then the gas returns to the front end of the device for re-adsorption and purification.
9. Surface cooler circulation clean system: the ambient air entering the adsorption carbon tank is ensured to be free of dust and impurities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs in accordance with the present invention; the arrows in fig. 1 are schematic representations of the flow direction of a liquid or gas in a pipeline.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs;
Fig. 3 is a partial view of fig. 2.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs, which comprises a filtration system 20, a main blower 30, a circulation blower 43, a desorption tank a41, a desorption tank B42, two adsorption carbon tanks (adsorption carbon tank a and adsorption carbon tank B) 70, a chimney 71, a saturated water vapor supply device 50, a condensed water circulation system 90, a column condenser 61, a spiral plate condenser 62, a gas-liquid separator 69, a surface cooler 60, a liquid phase separation system 80, a solvent recovery device 82 and a wastewater recovery device 81; the inside of the desorption boxes 41 and 42 is provided with a waste active carbon accommodating space, the saturated steam supply device is respectively communicated with the desorption boxes and the adsorption carbon tank, the desorption boxes are respectively communicated with the tube condenser and the spiral plate condenser 62, the spiral plate condenser is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is respectively communicated with the main fan and the spiral plate condenser, the main fan is communicated with the filtering system 20, the filtering system 20 is communicated with the surface cooler 60, the surface cooler is respectively communicated with the gas-liquid separator 69 and the adsorption carbon tank, and the adsorption carbon tank is respectively communicated with the tube condenser, the spiral plate condenser 62 and the chimney; the spiral plate condenser is communicated with a liquid phase separation system, and the liquid phase separation system 80 is respectively communicated with the main fan 30, a solvent recovery device 82 and a wastewater recovery device 81; the condensed water circulation system 90 is connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler respectively to provide circulating cooling water.
The following further describes the components:
Two desorption boxes, respectively referred to as desorption boxes a and B, are exemplified by desorption box a: the first input end of the desorption box is communicated with the output end of the saturated steam supply device through a pressure reducing valve (not shown) and analysis inlet valves 51 and 52; the first output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser through desorption valves 413 and 414; the two desorption boxes are alternately used, saturated steam is only introduced into the desorption box which is currently used for treating the waste activated carbon, the desorption box which is not used for treating the waste activated carbon is not introduced with the saturated steam, and the circulating fan is used for introducing the part of gas to be discharged after the adsorption carbon tank is used for adsorbing and purifying to the desorption box which is not used for treating the activated carbon, so that the desorption box which is not used for treating the activated carbon is cooled, the cooling process of the desorption box is accelerated, and the efficiency is improved.
A column condenser 61, the input end of which is connected with the second output end of the desorption box; the output end of the tube condenser is communicated with the input end of the gas-liquid separator;
The gas-liquid separator 69, the input end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the output end of the tube condenser; the bottom output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the spiral plate condenser, and the top output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the input end of the main fan;
The first input end of the main fan is communicated with the top output end of the gas-liquid separator, and the second output end of the main fan is respectively communicated with the top output end of the layering tank, the top output end of the water layer tank and the top output end of the solvent tank; the output end of the main fan is communicated with the first input end of the filtering system;
The first input end of the filtering system is connected with the output end of the main fan, and the output end of the filtering system is communicated with the first input end of the surface air cooler; preferably, the filtration system is a filter.
A surface cooler 60 having a first input in communication with an output of the filtration system; the surface cooler is connected with the condensed water circulating system; the first output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the first input end of the adsorption carbon tank;
Two adsorption carbon tanks 70, wherein a first input end of each adsorption carbon tank is communicated with a second output end of the surface cooler through an air inlet valve 701, and a second input end of each adsorption carbon tank is communicated with an output end of the saturated water vapor supply device through a resolution inlet valve 53; the first output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the chimney through an air outlet valve 702, and the second output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser through a resolution valve 703; the first output end of the adsorption carbon tank forms a branch and is connected with the circulating fan 43 through the adsorption carbon tank bypass valve 601, and the circulating fan is communicated with the second input end of the desorption box through the drying valve 415; the two adsorption tanks are alternately used, and when one adsorption tank is saturated for adsorption, the adsorption tank is analyzed by adopting a saturated steam supply device, and during the analysis, the other adsorption tank is used for treating the waste gas.
A spiral plate condenser 62, the bottom input end of which is communicated with the gas-liquid separator, and the output end of which is communicated with the liquid phase separation system; the spiral plate condenser is connected with the condensed water circulating system;
A liquid phase separation system 80, a first input of which is in communication with an output of the spiral plate condenser; the first output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with a solvent recovery device 82 through a solvent pump 805 for recovering the organic solvent; the second output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with a wastewater recovery device 81 through a wastewater pump 804, and the wastewater recovery device is used for recovering wastewater; and a third output end positioned at the top of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the input end of the main fan. More preferably, the liquid phase separation system includes a layering tank 801, a water layer tank 802, and a solvent tank 803; the layered tank is communicated with the output end of the spiral plate condenser, the layered tank is respectively communicated with a water layer tank and a solvent tank, the water layer tank is communicated with the wastewater recovery device, and the solvent tank is communicated with the solvent recovery device; the output ends of the layering tank, the water layer tank and the solvent tank are respectively communicated with the input end of the main fan. The water layer tank is communicated with the wastewater recovery device through a wastewater pump 804. The solvent tank communicates with the solvent recovery device via a solvent pump 805.
The condensed water circulation system 90 is respectively connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler and provides circulating cooling water; the condensed water circulation system comprises a refrigeration source, a condensed water feeding pipeline and a condensed water return pipeline, and provides a cold source for each heat exchanger. It should be further noted that the condensed water circulation system 90 uses water as a refrigerant, but uses other types of refrigerant instead of water, for example: cooling oil was used instead of water.
A saturated water vapor supply device 50 which communicates with the desorption tank a, the desorption tank B, and the two adsorption carbon tanks, respectively, through pressure reducing valves (not shown). The saturated water vapor supply device 50 is used for supplying saturated water vapor, and is not limited in the form in which the saturated water vapor is obtained, such as by a boiler, or from a thermal power station, or the like. Saturated steam is used as a heating mode for heating the activated carbon to promote the analysis of the activated carbon. The analysis means that the activated carbon desorbs the adsorbed VOCs.
The above-mentioned communication means communication through a pipe, and a valve device for opening and closing the pipe may be provided on the pipe. That is, the two components exchange substances through the pipeline, and one or a plurality of valves can be arranged on the pipeline according to the requirement for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline. In order to power the material flow of the pipeline, a blower can be used for providing conveying power when conveying the material mainly comprising gas, and a corresponding pump can be used for providing power when conveying the liquid material so as to increase the speed and efficiency of treatment. The desorption case is provided with an accommodating space for accommodating the activated carbon. The desorption box is provided with a door which can be opened, and activated carbon can be placed in the desorption box when the door is opened.
In addition, the above discussion describes the case where two desorption tanks and two adsorption carbon tanks are provided, but the present application is not limited to two desorption tanks and two adsorption carbon tanks, and the number of desorption tanks and adsorption carbon tanks is increased according to the processing requirements. Namely:
The desorption case group contains N (N is more than or equal to 2, and N is natural number) desorption cases, wherein, N=N0±N1, N0 represents the basic quantity of desorption cases (N0 is more than or equal to 2, and N0 is natural number), N1 represents the change volume (N1 is more than or equal to 0, and N1 is positive integer) of desorption cases, and this change volume changes according to the size of handling capacity: one or more desorption boxes are added on the basis of the number of the basic desorption boxes, or one or more desorption boxes are reduced on the basis of the number of the basic desorption boxes, but the number of the desorption boxes after adjustment is required to be more than or equal to 2. The plurality of desorption boxes form a desorption box group. Increasing the number of desorption boxes can promote throughput, and decreasing the number of desorption boxes can reduce throughput. In the working state, X desorption boxes (X is more than or equal to 1 and X is less than or equal to (N-1), wherein X is a natural number) are used for carrying out desorption operation, and N-X-Y desorption boxes (Y is more than or equal to 0 and Y is a positive integer) are used for carrying out cooling operation (the desorption operation is completed).
The adsorption carbon tank group comprises M adsorption carbon tanks (M is more than or equal to 2 and M is a natural number), and when the desorption box group is in a working state: at least one adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the desorption box group, and at least one adsorption carbon tank is in an idle state. When the adsorption carbon tank is saturated to adsorb VOCs, one or more adsorption carbon tanks may be purged with water vapor at the same time. For example, when m=3, the number of adsorption tanks in the operating state (adsorbing exhaust gas) is 1 or 2, and at the same time, the number of adsorption tanks in the desorption operation is 0 or 1 or 2.
It should be noted that, as the throughput increases, the size of the adsorption tank group increases, and the number of spiral plate condensers, the number of column condensers, the number of surface coolers, etc. may be increased according to the actual situation, and these components are provided in an increased number in order to satisfy the increase in the throughput of VOCs. When the single components are arranged in a group, the single components can be connected in parallel or in series. Of course, replacement of a single component with a more processing-intensive single component may also be employed. Some examples may also be provided: when the circulating fans are required to cool the plurality of adsorption tanks, the adsorption tanks can be cooled respectively in a mode of connecting the plurality of circulating fans in parallel. When the scheme of the invention is changed, the arrangement quantity, connection relation and the like of corresponding pipelines, valves and other components are also changed.
The working process comprises the following steps:
1. The desorption boxes A and B can be simultaneously used for desorption at the same time, or alternatively used for desorption and back-blowing cooling of the desorption box to be cooled after desorption is completed by using dry clean gas treated by an adsorption carbon tank; can be flexibly set according to the processing amount or the requirement.
2. The step of desorbing the waste activated carbon supplied from the user will be described by taking the desorption case a as an example. First, waste activated carbon (adsorbed with VOCs) obtained from a user is put into the desorption case a. Then saturated steam is introduced into the desorption box, the saturated steam plays a role of providing a heat source, the introduced saturated steam is contacted with waste active carbon in the desorption box, the waste active carbon is resolved under the heating effect, a part of VOCs directly flow to the spiral plate condenser in a liquid form, and then the VOCs enter the liquid phase separation system to separate the liquid into water and an organic solvent, and the water and the organic solvent are treated respectively; the other part of VOCs still exists in a gaseous state at high temperature, the gas enters a tube condenser from a desorption box, then enters a gas-liquid separator from the tube condenser, the gas-liquid separator outputs gas and liquid respectively, wherein the liquid from the gas-liquid separator enters a spiral plate condenser and then enters a liquid phase separation system, the gas from the gas-liquid separator enters a main fan, the main fan plays a role of sucking the gas, then enters a filter from the main fan, then enters a surface cooler, the surface cooler outputs gas and liquid respectively, the liquid output from the surface cooler enters the spiral plate condenser and the liquid phase separation system, the gas output from the surface cooler enters an adsorption carbon tank, and activated carbon such as granular activated carbon and honeycomb activated carbon is placed in the adsorption carbon tank to adsorb the gas; the gas output from the adsorption tank is the gas that has been purified, and the discharge treatment can be performed. The application creatively designs two stations (two desorption boxes) of the adsorption carbon tank, and the gas generated by the desorption box working currently cools the other desorption box to be cooled, thereby achieving the utilization of waste gas. When the desorption box A processes the waste activated carbon, the valves between the saturated steam supply device and the desorption box B as well as the adsorption carbon tank are closed.
3.3.1 When the desorption box A and the desorption box B are used in a crossed way, after the waste activated carbon of the desorption box A completes one desorption cycle, the desorption box A which is finally desorbed and is completely desorbed by introducing a part of clean gas discharged from the adsorption carbon tank through the circulating fan is cooled to a safe temperature and then taken out; then placing the next batch of waste activated carbon to be treated into a desorption box A; and the waste activated carbon in the desorption box B is desorbed at the same time, and when the desorption box B is in the desorption completion, part of the gas finally discharged from the adsorption carbon tank is introduced into the circulating fan, so that the desorption box B is cooled. 3.2 when desorption case A and desorption case B are used simultaneously, saturated vapor enters desorption case A and desorption case B simultaneously, and a complete desorption process is carried out on desorption case A and desorption case B. And after the final desorption is finished, a part of clean gas discharged from the adsorption carbon tank is led by the circulating fan to cool the desorption box A and the desorption box B which finish the desorption. 3.3 the number of desorption tanks can be designed according to the throughput and the number of desorption and cooling can be modified.
4. And (3) carrying out desorption treatment on the activated carbon in the adsorption carbon tank. The activated carbon in the adsorption carbon tank is slowly saturated and adsorbed in the gradual use process. The invention can use saturated steam to desorb the active carbon in the adsorption carbon tank. In the present invention, there are two adsorption tanks, and only one of the adsorption tanks may be used to treat the gas transferred from the surface air cooler. When one of the adsorption carbon tanks is saturated to adsorb or is close to saturation, saturated vapor is introduced into the adsorption carbon tank, waste active carbon in the adsorption carbon tank is resolved, wherein liquid flows into the spiral condenser, gas directly enters the shell-and-tube condenser and then enters the gas-liquid separator, gas output from the gas-liquid separator enters the circulating fan, and liquid output from the gas-liquid separator enters the liquid-phase separation system. The two adsorption tanks are alternately used, and when one of them is desorbed, the other adsorption tank adsorbs the gas transferred from the surface cooler.
Further explanation:
An adsorbent material. The traditional adsorption materials which can be used for purifying waste gas include active carbon, silica gel, molecular sieve and the like, wherein the active carbon has the most wide application range and the best effect. The reason is that other adsorbents (such as silica gel, metal oxide, etc.) have polarity, and under the coexistence condition of saturated steam, water molecules and adsorbent material molecules are combined, so that the adsorption performance of the adsorption material is reduced, and activated carbon molecules are not easy to combine with the polar molecules, so that the capability of adsorbing organic waste gas is improved. The adsorption is mainly carried out through the micropore part of the granular activated carbon. The unique pore structure and surface characteristics of the granular activated carbon make it exhibit unique properties in terms of removal of multicomponent materials. Has the characteristics of high adsorption capacity, wide applicability, strong buffer capacity and the like. The waste gas in the tank area belongs to multi-component, low-gas-content, high-concentration and fluctuation organic waste gas, so that the coal activated carbon adsorption effect is optimal. Therefore, coal activated carbon, granular activated carbon, or honeycomb activated carbon is provided as an adsorbent (adsorbent material) in the desorption tank or the adsorption carbon tank.
Adsorption principle and process. Because of the existence of unbalanced and unsaturated molecular attraction or chemical bond forces on the solid surface, when the solid surface is contacted with gas, gas molecules are attracted to concentrate and remain on the solid surface, a phenomenon known as adsorption. The adsorption method is to make the waste gas contact with the porous solid matter on the large surface by utilizing the adsorption capacity of the solid surface, and the pollutant in the waste gas is adsorbed on the solid surface to separate the pollutant from the gas mixture, so as to achieve the aim of purification. The activated carbon adsorption is to adopt physical adsorption to separate and enrich organic substances in the air to the surfaces of the micropores of the activated carbon so as to purify the gas. When the industrial waste gas containing organic matters passes through the activated carbon bed, the organic matters in the industrial waste gas can be adsorbed and trapped by the activated carbon, so that the waste gas is purified. The activated carbon adsorbed with the organic matters is heated by saturated steam or hot air to provide heat for the organic matters adsorbed by the activated carbon, so that the kinetic energy of the activated carbon is improved, the bound of the adsorbent is eliminated, and the activated carbon is blown off and released to be discharged out of the desorption box. And condensing the organic matters into liquid after the desorption materials are subjected to heat exchange treatment of a condenser, so as to realize the recovery of the organic solvent.
Description of the treatment process: after the gas transmitted from the surface cooler is adsorbed and purified by the high-efficiency active carbon bed layer on the adsorption carbon tank, the organic solvent in the waste gas is adsorbed and trapped by the active carbon, and the gas can reach the design requirement and is discharged to the atmosphere through a chimney. And an on-site emission concentration monitoring instrument is arranged at the emission port of the adsorption carbon tank to monitor whether the emission concentration reaches the standard or not, and the adsorption carbon tank reaching adsorption saturation stops adsorption and adopts saturated steam desorption regeneration. Through setting up two sets of adsorption carbon jars, when one adsorption carbon jar adsorbs, another adsorption carbon jar can carry out saturated vapor and analyze, can promote treatment effeciency like this.
The desorption box is sealed after being filled with granular carbon, and a key starts the automatic operation of the desorption system. Saturated steam sweeps the granular carbon bed layer in the desorption case, and the mixture of organic solvent and steam that desorbs gets into the tubulation condenser, and the gas-liquid mixture after the condensation gets into gas-liquid separator, spiral plate condenser, and the mixed liquid phase of organic solvent and water gets into the layering groove. After gravity layering, the light layer and the heavy layer are respectively recycled through different pipeline routes. The self-condensation aqueous solution in the tank body is discharged into the spiral plate condenser through the self-flow port at the bottom of the tank body and then enters the layering tank. Namely, the bottom parts of the desorption box A, the desorption box B and the adsorption carbon tank are respectively provided with an automatic flow port. The desorption case after desorption is because there is a large amount of saturated vapor remained, and bed temperature is higher simultaneously, can not directly carry out adsorption operation, need to cool off and dry the desorption case.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating the waste activated carbon containing VOCs is characterized by comprising a filtering system, a main fan, a circulating fan, at least two groups of desorption boxes, at least two groups of adsorption carbon tanks, a chimney, a saturated water vapor supply device, a condensed water circulating system, a tubular condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a surface cooler, a liquid phase separation system, a solvent recovery device and a wastewater recovery device; the device comprises a desorption box, a saturated vapor supply device, a tube condenser, a spiral plate condenser, a gas-liquid separator, a spiral plate condenser, a main fan, a filtering system and a chimney, wherein the desorption box is internally provided with an accommodating space for placing waste active carbon, the saturated vapor supply device is respectively communicated with the desorption box and the adsorption carbon tank, the desorption box is respectively communicated with the tube condenser and the spiral plate condenser, the spiral plate condenser is respectively communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the desorption box, the surface cooler and the adsorption carbon tank, the gas-liquid separator is respectively communicated with the main fan and the spiral plate condenser, the main fan is communicated with the filtering system, the filtering system is communicated with the surface cooler, the surface cooler is respectively communicated with the spiral plate condenser and the adsorption carbon tank, and the adsorption carbon tank is respectively communicated with the tube condenser, the spiral plate condenser and the chimney; the chimney is respectively communicated with the circulating fan and the desorption box with the desorption completed, and the desorption box with the desorption completed is communicated with the shell and tube condenser; the spiral plate condenser is communicated with a liquid phase separation system, and the liquid phase separation system is respectively communicated with a main fan, a solvent recovery device and a wastewater recovery device; the condensed water circulation system is respectively connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler to provide circulating cooling water; the number of the desorption boxes can be increased or decreased according to the treatment capacity;
and a concentration monitoring instrument is arranged at the discharge port of the adsorption carbon tank.
2. The water vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs according to claim 1, wherein two groups of the desorption tanks are provided, namely a desorption tank a and a desorption tank B, and two groups of the adsorption carbon tanks are provided, namely an adsorption carbon tank a and an adsorption carbon tank B; the output end of the saturated steam supply device is provided with a pressure reducing valve which is respectively communicated with four analysis inlet valves, and each analysis inlet valve is respectively communicated with a desorption box A, a desorption box B, an adsorption carbon tank A and an adsorption carbon tank B.
3. The vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating VOCs-containing waste activated carbon of claim 2 wherein said liquid phase separation system comprises a stratification tank, a water layer tank and a solvent tank; the layered tank is communicated with the output end of the spiral plate condenser, the layered tank is respectively communicated with a water layer tank and a solvent tank, the water layer tank is communicated with the wastewater recovery device, and the solvent tank is communicated with the solvent recovery device; the output ends of the layering tank, the water layer tank and the solvent tank are respectively communicated with the input end of the main fan.
4. The vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs according to claim 3, wherein said water layer tank is in communication with a waste water recovery device via a waste water pump.
5. The vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs according to claim 4 wherein the solvent tank is in communication with the solvent recovery device via a solvent pump.
6. The vapor concentrated desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs according to claim 5, wherein said condensed water circulation system comprises a condensed water feed portion, a circulation line, and a condensed water return portion.
7. The vapor-concentrating desorbing system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs in accordance with claim 6 wherein an output of said desorbing tank is in communication with said spiral plate condenser via a desorbing valve.
8. The vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs according to claim 7, wherein,
The first input end of the desorption box is communicated with the output end of the saturated steam supply device; the first output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the desorption box is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser;
The input end of the tube nest condenser is communicated with the second output end of the desorption box; the output end of the tube condenser is communicated with the input end of the gas-liquid separator;
The input end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the output end of the tube condenser; the bottom output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the spiral plate condenser, and the top output end of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the input end of the main fan;
The first input end of the filtering system is connected with the output end of the main fan, and the output end of the filtering system is communicated with the first input end of the surface cooler;
The first input end of the surface cooler is communicated with the output end of the filtering system; the surface cooler is connected with the condensed water circulating system; the first output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the second output end of the surface cooler is communicated with the first input end of the adsorption carbon tank;
The first input end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the second output end of the surface cooler through an air inlet valve, and the second input end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the output end of the saturated steam supply device; the first output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the chimney through an air outlet valve, the second output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the input end of the shell and tube condenser, and the third output end of the adsorption carbon tank is communicated with the input end of the spiral plate condenser; the adsorption carbon tank is connected with the circulating fan through an adsorption carbon tank bypass valve, and the circulating fan is communicated with the second input end of the desorption box through a drying valve; the input end of the spiral plate condenser is respectively communicated with the gas-liquid separator, the first output end of the desorption box, the first output end of the surface cooler and the third output end of the adsorption carbon tank, and the output end of the spiral plate condenser is communicated with the liquid phase separation system; the spiral plate condenser is connected with the condensed water circulating system;
The first input end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the spiral plate condenser, the first output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the solvent recovery device through the solvent pump, the second output end of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the wastewater recovery device through the wastewater pump, and the third output end positioned at the top of the liquid phase separation system is communicated with the input end of the main fan;
The first input end of the main fan is communicated with the top output end of the gas-liquid separator; the second input end of the main fan is communicated with the third output end at the top of the liquid phase separation system; the output end of the main fan is communicated with the first input end of the filtering system;
The condensed water circulation system is respectively connected with the spiral plate condenser, the tubular condenser and the surface cooler and provides circulating cooling water;
And the saturated steam supply device is respectively communicated with the desorption box and the adsorption carbon tank through a pressure reducing valve.
9. The vapor-concentrating desorption system for treating VOCs-containing waste activated carbon of claim 8 wherein said liquid phase separation system comprises a stratification tank, a water layer tank and a solvent tank, said top output of said stratification tank, top output of said water layer tank and top output of said solvent tank being connected to a second input of said main blower, respectively.
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