CN110293280B - DDC (direct digital control) crack control method for omega sealing weld nickel-based alloy surfacing of driving mechanism - Google Patents
DDC (direct digital control) crack control method for omega sealing weld nickel-based alloy surfacing of driving mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN110293280B CN110293280B CN201810244192.9A CN201810244192A CN110293280B CN 110293280 B CN110293280 B CN 110293280B CN 201810244192 A CN201810244192 A CN 201810244192A CN 110293280 B CN110293280 B CN 110293280B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding process and welding, and particularly relates to a DDC crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of omega-shaped sealing weld joints of a driving mechanism, which specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing parts; step two: performing surfacing process evaluation on the CRDM omega sealing structure by using automatic argon arc welding equipment; welding process parameters, wherein the welding heat input Q is 9030-10710J/cm; step three: and carrying out nondestructive testing such as size, visual inspection, liquid penetration and the like and destructive testing of metallographic and chemical component analysis on the process evaluation test piece according to the RCC-M standard and the ASME standard respectively. The welding technology of the invention is automatic argon arc welding, the welding current is positive, the current type is pulse, and no DDC crack can be ensured after welding; the control technology can effectively improve the maintenance quality of surfacing and is a control technology capable of effectively preventing DDC cracks from being generated in the welding process of the nickel-based alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding processes and welding, and particularly relates to a DDC crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of omega-shaped sealing welds of a driving mechanism.
Background
A Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) is one of key devices in the operation process of a large pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, leakage events of omega seal welding seams of the CRDM along with the extension of the unit operation time are inevitable trends and common faults, and the leakage events are fed back by the nuclear power plant for many times in the world. In order to solve the problem, american engineers made an invention of a surfacing device and technology in the 90 s of the 19 th century, aiming at establishing a new sealing boundary under the condition of avoiding operations such as grinding, repair welding and the like on an original omega-shaped welding seam by surfacing 690 nickel-based alloy on the original omega-shaped welding seam according to a certain welding specification and a certain welding thickness, and simultaneously converting the surface tensile stress of the original welding seam into compressive stress to achieve the effects of crack arrest and crack extension prevention. For the reason of failure of welding seams, 690 series nickel-based alloy with excellent SCC resistance is selected as surfacing metal for surfacing, but the nickel-based alloy has inherent defects: the nickel-base alloy is sensitive to high-temperature plastic loss cracks (DDC) and is easy to generate DDC cracks, which almost becomes a difficulty of a nickel-base alloy surfacing technology in the world.
For many years, worldwide research results show that the factors influencing the DDC of the nickel-based alloy mainly comprise: (1) the chemical composition of the nickel-based alloy and (2) welding process parameters. Aiming at the adjustment and improvement of chemical components of the nickel-based alloy, a plurality of international researches are devoted to the adjustment and improvement, a large number of novel nickel-based alloy welding materials are developed, the DDC cracking tendency of the welding materials is effectively relieved, for example, in ASME international standard, an ERNiCrFe-7A nickel-based alloy welding wire is an upgrading material of ERNiCrFe-7, the high temperature resistance and plastic loss cracking (DDC) performance of the welding materials are greatly improved mainly through the addition of Nb, and therefore the yield of the welding materials is improved; the performance stability of the welding material is improved by improving the purity of the material. Aiming at the adjustment and improvement of welding process parameters, the welding process parameters are mostly 'teaching according to the material', a small current and a large welding speed [1] are adopted in principle, so that the heat input is reduced, the growth of crystal grains is controlled, the DDC tendency can be reduced, however, the process parameters of each specific structure and material are different, and a uniform data standard does not exist; or auxiliary cooling is adopted to accelerate the cooling speed, or high heat sources (such as laser beams, electron beams and the like) are adopted to weld the nickel-based alloy, the growth of crystal grains is controlled, and the DDC tendency is reduced.
International current research results show that welding process parameters are one of key factors influencing DDC cracks of the nickel-based alloy, but a process method for DDC crack control aiming at a special structure and special process of CRDM omega seal weld bead nickel-based alloy surfacing has not been reported in documents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a DDC crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing of omega-shaped sealing weld of a driving mechanism.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a DDC crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of omega-shaped sealing welds of a driving mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing parts;
step two: carrying out the surfacing process evaluation of the omega sealing structure of the control rod driving mechanism by using automatic argon arc welding equipment;
step three: and carrying out nondestructive testing such as size, visual inspection, liquid penetration and the like and destructive testing of metallographic and chemical component analysis on the process evaluation test piece according to the RCC-M standard and the ASME standard respectively.
In the first step, the upper end plug (1) and the lower driving rod stroke sleeve (3) of the omega sealing structure of the driving mechanism are processed by adopting 00Cr18Ni10N bars, and an omega sealing welding seam (2) is obtained by using ER316L welding wires for sealing welding.
Setting welding process parameters in the second step: the welding heat input Q is 9030-10710J/cm.
Welding gun protective gas in the second step: argon is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
The welding technology in the second step adopts: no swing, single wire bonding, multi-pass bonding.
The evaluation process parameters of the surfacing maintenance process in the second step are as follows:
the method is suitable for nickel-based alloy surfacing of omega-shaped sealing welding seams of the control rod driving mechanism in the nuclear power plant.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that: the nickel-based alloy overlaying DDC crack control method successfully realizes automatic overlaying of omega-shaped sealing weld joints of the control rod driving mechanism of the nuclear power plant, the welding technology is automatic argon arc welding, the welding current is in positive connection, the current type is pulse, and no DDC crack can be ensured after welding; the invention has definite object, is easy to realize and control the process method, can effectively improve the maintenance quality of the surfacing, and is a control technology capable of effectively preventing DDC cracks from being generated in the welding process of the nickel-based alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) omega seal structure designed according to the present invention and relating to a DDC crack control method by nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of the drive mechanism omega seal weld;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a metallographic detection result of a build-up layer of the nickel-based alloy build-up welding DDC crack control method for omega-shaped sealing weld joints of the driving mechanism.
In the figure, 1-end plug, 2-omega sealing welding seam and 3-driving rod stroke sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
DDC cracks are solid-state cracks that often occur in nickel-based alloys, austenitic stainless steels, copper-based alloys, and titanium alloys. The plasticity of metal generally increases with the increase of temperature, and when the temperature approaches to the melting point of the material, the plasticity of the metal is sharply reduced; however, in the above alloys, when the temperature reaches 0.5 to 0.8 of the melting point, the plasticity of the alloy also shows a sharp drop zone, which is a zone (DTR) in which DDC cracks appear. The Emin is the minimum critical strain value of DDC appearing in the DTR temperature interval, and the size of the DTR temperature interval and the size of the Emin can be used as indexes for judging DDC sensitivity.
The invention relates to a DDC (direct digital control) crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing of omega-shaped sealing weld joints of a driving mechanism, which specifically comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing parts; as shown in fig. 1, an upper end plug 1 and a lower drive rod stroke sleeve 3 are processed by adopting 00Cr18Ni10N bars, and are hermetically welded by using ER316L welding wires to obtain an omega-shaped sealing weld 2;
step two: performing surfacing process evaluation on the CRDM omega sealing structure by using automatic argon arc welding equipment; welding gun protective gas: argon is more than or equal to 99.99 percent; welding technology: no swing, single wire welding and multi-pass welding; setting welding process parameters according to the requirements of welding process parameter ranges in automatic argon tungsten-arc welding, and ensuring that the welding heat input Q is between 9030 and 10710J/cm; here, the welding process parameters as described in the table below were used for the welding process evaluation;
TABLE 1 build-up welding maintenance Process parameters
Step three: and carrying out nondestructive testing such as size, visual inspection, liquid penetration and the like and destructive testing such as metallographic analysis, chemical component analysis and the like on the process evaluation test piece according to the RCC-M standard and the ASME standard respectively. All detection results meet the technical index requirements. As shown in fig. 2, the metallographic examination result showed that DDC cracks were not observed in the weld deposit metal of the build-up layer.
The invention also develops the research on key factors influencing DDC sensitivity aiming at the surfacing repair of the ERNiCrFe-7A nickel-based alloy of the omega sealing structure of the Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM). The parameters of the welding peak current and the welding speed are designed to carry out orthogonal combination welding experiments, and then metallographic examination is carried out on a build-up welding layer and a fusion zone, and the results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 2 metallographic examination results of omega-seal weld bead surfacing samples under different welding process parameters
Note: welding heat input
Test research shows that for nickel-based alloy surfacing repair of a Control Rod Drive Mechanism (CRDM) omega sealing structure, welding heat input is a key factor influencing DDC sensitivity of a welding seam of the nickel-based alloy.
Based on the welding process parameters of the test serial number S01, the welding process parameters are kept unchanged, the welding tests with the parameters of 145A (Q: 9030J/cm) and 185A (Q: 10710J/cm) of peak current are designed, and no defect is found in the metallographic examination after welding. Comprehensive analysis test results prove that the welding heat input Q is between 9030 and 10710J/cm in the experiment, and the DDC cracks of the nickel-based alloy welding seams can be effectively relieved.
Then there are: in the automatic surfacing welding of the CRDM omega nickel-based alloy in the nuclear power plant, the welding heat input q is controlled to be 9030-10710J/cm, and DDC crack generation can be avoided.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. The prior art can be adopted in the content which is not described in detail in the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A DDC crack control method for nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of omega-shaped sealing welds of a driving mechanism is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing parts;
step two: carrying out the surfacing process evaluation of the omega sealing structure of the control rod driving mechanism by using automatic argon arc welding equipment;
step three: respectively carrying out size, visual and liquid permeation nondestructive testing and destructive testing of metallographic and chemical component analysis on the process evaluation test piece according to the RCC-M standard and the ASME standard;
in the first step: an upper end plug (1) of an omega sealing structure of a driving mechanism and a lower driving rod stroke sleeve (3) are processed by adopting 00Cr18Ni10N bars, and an omega sealing weld joint (2) is obtained by using ER316L welding wires for sealing welding;
setting welding process parameters in the second step, wherein the welding heat input Q is between 9030 and 10710J/cm, and the surfacing maintenance process evaluation process parameters in the second step are as follows:
the method is suitable for nickel-based alloy surfacing of omega-shaped sealing weld joints of control rod driving mechanisms in nuclear power plants.
2. The DDC crack control method related to the nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of the omega-shaped sealing weld of the driving mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: welding gun protective gas in the second step: argon is more than or equal to 99.99 percent.
3. The DDC crack control method related to the nickel-based alloy surfacing welding of the omega-shaped sealing weld of the driving mechanism according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the welding technology in the second step adopts: non-swing, single wire welding, multi-pass welding techniques.
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| CN110948106A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-04-03 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Sealing weld joint all-in-one machine of nuclear reactor control rod driving mechanism and operation method |
| CN112475537A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-12 | 国家能源集团谏壁发电厂 | On-site repair method for T23 water wall based on surfacing technology |
| CN113996962B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-05-26 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Overlaying method for omega-shaped sealing weld joints at lower part of control rod driving mechanism |
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| JP2001079663A (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-27 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Surface treatment method for welded structure in nuclear reactor |
| CN104658618A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-27 | 李泽文 | Nickel-based alloy pressure-resistant shell and implementation method thereof |
| CN105195924A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-30 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Nickel baseband pole electroslag surfacing sintering flux and preparation method |
| CN105945393A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Surfacing repair method for dissimilar metal pipeline of safety end of voltage stabilizer in nuclear power station |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1406704A (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1975-09-17 | Gkn Sankey Ltd | Emission control device |
| JP2001079663A (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-03-27 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Surface treatment method for welded structure in nuclear reactor |
| CN104658618A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2015-05-27 | 李泽文 | Nickel-based alloy pressure-resistant shell and implementation method thereof |
| CN105195924A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-30 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Nickel baseband pole electroslag surfacing sintering flux and preparation method |
| CN105945393A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-09-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Surfacing repair method for dissimilar metal pipeline of safety end of voltage stabilizer in nuclear power station |
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