CN110295203A - It is a kind of to utilize Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw - Google Patents
It is a kind of to utilize Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of straw degradation, disclose a kind of utilization Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw is analyzed Ca (OH) using rice straw as raw material2Concentration different bath temperatures, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio treatment conditions under, and low fiery microwave heating 2min in being aided with, the influence that each factor degrades to rice straw carry out orthogonal experiment on the basis of experiment of single factor, have obtained Ca (OH)2The optimum treatment mode of influence to rice straw degradation is: Ca (OH)2Concentration is 0.02%, and bath temperature is 30 DEG C, water bath time 2h, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:30, and micro-wave oven 300W heats 2min.Rice straw reducing sugar yield of the invention is 27.46%；And rice straw is rationally utilized, it can not only generate electricity, produce biogas, be converted into ethyl alcohol, while the development of paper-making industry, energy industry, food industry and feed industry can also be promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to straw degradative field more particularly to a kind of utilizations Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw.
Background technique
Currently, the immediate prior art:
The method of degrading rice straw generallys use chemical degradation method (alkaline degradation).But with the development of society, fossil energy
Increasingly depleted, the continuous deterioration of environment in source, finding renewable and clean energy resource is focus concerned by people, and lignocellulosic is
Renewable energy abundant, is widely present in plant fiber in nature.
Rice is one of main crops in China, and content is very rich, is a kind of clean reproducible energy.Rice straw
Stalk can not only generate electricity, produce biogas, be converted into ethyl alcohol, while can also promote paper-making industry, energy industry, industry and feed industry
Development.However there are many stalks collected largely to be stacked every year, burning, i.e., waste of resource pollutes environment again.Rice straw
It is related with the composite construction that it is made of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose why stalk can not be fully utilized.
The method of rice straw degradation at present is varied, mainly there is mechanical degradation, chemical degradation, biodegrade or several
The combination of kind method.Wherein Microwave Pretreatment is a kind of effective ways that rice straw degradation rate can be improved, and can destroy straw
Stalk surface siliconization wax destroys the special construction of lignin, hemicellulose, and removing part silicon and lignin makes cellulose exposure
Out, it is conducive to subsequent reactions.Simultaneously in chemical pretreatment, basic hydrolysis can deviate from lignin, make its expansion, lead to fibrous inside
Surface area increases, and crystallinity decline promotes enzyme hydrolysis.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) in the prior art, annual there are many stalks collected largely to be stacked, burns, not only waste of resource pollution again
Environment.
(2) in the prior art, biological degradation method is exactly to be broken using the lignin in enzyme decomposing straw caused by microorganism
Bad lignin and hemicellulose are to the package action of cellulose, to improve the utilization rate of stalk.But due to this microorganism
Type is few, and the action period is long, is influenced to cause degrading microorganism vigor low by microorganism in nature in actual production, influences straw
The degradation effect of stalk.
(3) in the prior art, chemical degradation method has acid, alkali, oxidant and organic solvent edman degradation Edman etc..The operation letter of this method
It is single, but since pH of the chemical residue to extracting solution has a great impact, subsequent processing is needed, while one will also result in environment
Fixed pollution, it is therefore desirable to be recycled.In addition, chemical degradation method usually requires the longer reaction time or higher anti-
Answer temperature.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
(1) microorganism that efficient degradation stalk is filtered out from numerous microorganisms is a big engineering.
(2) the corrosivity the high requirements on the equipment of chemical reagent；Recovery processing is difficult；It reduces the reaction time or reduces reaction temperature
Degree will lead to degradation rate reduction.
It solves the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem: seeking a kind of easy to operate, high-efficient, reagent recycling convenience, clean drop
Solution method is conducive to the comprehensive development and utilization of rice straw.
The present invention is with Ca (OH)2When handling stalk, lignin can be removed, its expansion is made, leads to fibrous inside surface area
Increase, crystallinity decline promotes straw degradative.It is aided with microwave treatment again, can quickly improves the temperature of reaction system, destroys straw
Stalk surface siliconization wax destroys the special construction of lignin, hemicellulose, and removing part silicon and lignin makes cellulose exposure
Out, shorten the reaction time, be conducive to subsequent reactions.It is a kind of effective ways that rice straw degradation rate can be improved.Meanwhile Ca
(OH)2Corrosivity it is small compared with NaOH, KOH, it is not high to equipment requirement；And utilize itself and CO2Reaction generates CaCO3Precipitating, can be with
It it is removed from reaction solution very easily, recycles simple and convenient, does not pollute the environment, will not influence subsequent to reduced sugar
It utilizes.
Rice straw rationally utilizes, and is not only widely used in fields such as agricultural, biomass energy, bio-based materials,
And single cell protein can also be produced by bioconversion, it is applied to food, feedstuff industry, realizes and become " grass " as " grain ", have
Good application prospect.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, Ca (OH) is utilized the present invention provides a kind of2The method of degrading rice straw.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of utilize Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw, it is described to utilize Ca (OH)2Drop
Solution rice straw method include:
Single factor test processing, using reducing sugar yield as index, is analyzed Ca (OH) using rice straw as raw material2In different water
Bath temperature, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio treatment conditions under, and be aided with micro-wave oven 300W heating 2min, analyze each factor to rice
The influence of straw degradative.
Orthogonal experiment processing, after to single factor test data processing, when choosing calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, water-bath
Between, solid-to-liquid ratio it is significantly horizontal, use L9(34) orthogonal arrage, three repeated experiments are carried out, obtain calcium hydroxide processing to rice straw
Stalk degradation optimal conditions.
Further, described to utilize Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw further comprises data processing, at the data
Reason specifically includes:
(1) data according to measured by experiment of single factor carry out mapping analysis by Excel；Orthogonal table and
Data measured by orthogonal experiment, are handled by DPS.
(2) calculating of rice straw reducing sugar yield, is calculated according to following formula:
In formula, H (%) is reducing sugar yield；M (mg) is sample content of reducing sugar；M (g) is stalk powder quality；N is
Extension rate；10-3For the conversion coefficient of mg to g.
Further, the single factor test processing specifically includes:
1) influence that calcium hydroxide concentration degrades to rice straw: 1g rice straw powder is weighed in the taper of 5 50ml
In bottle, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10% concentration is separately added into according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml)
Calcium hydroxide solution, 2h is extracted under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures, then with micro-wave oven 300W handle 2min, at 4000r/min
It is centrifuged 15min, 1ml supernatant is measured and dilutes certain multiple, content of reducing sugar is measured using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test.
2) influence that bath temperature degrades to rice straw: 1g rice straw powder accurately is weighed in the taper of 5 50ml
Bottle in, according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml) ratio be added 0.02% calcium hydroxide solution, respectively 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60 DEG C,
75 DEG C, extract 2h under 90 DEG C of bath temperatures, then handle 2min with micro-wave oven micro-wave oven 300W, be centrifuged at 4000r/min
15min, measures 1ml supernatant and dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test.
3) influence that water bath time degrades to rice straw: 1g rice straw powder accurately is weighed in the taper of 5 50ml
In bottle, 0.02% calcium hydroxide solution is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml), under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures respectively
1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h are handled, then 2min is handled with micro-wave oven 300W, 15min, accurate measuring is centrifuged at 4000r/min
1ml supernatant dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test.
4) influence that solid-to-liquid ratio degrades to rice straw: 1g rice straw powder accurately is weighed in the conical flask of 5 50ml
In, it is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g:ml), 1:15 (g:ml), 1:20 (g:ml), 1:25 (g:ml), 1:30 (g:ml)
0.02% calcium hydroxide solution extracts 2h under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures, then 2min is handled with micro-wave oven 300W, in 4000r/
It is centrifuged 15min under min, measures 1ml supernatant and dilutes certain multiple, content of reducing sugar is measured using DNS method, three groups of repetitions are set
Experiment.
Further, calcium hydroxide concentration 0.02%, bath temperature are 30 DEG C, water bath time 2h, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:30
(g:ml), micro-wave oven 300W heats 2min.
Further, before single factor test processing, the measurement of glucose standard curve need to be carried out, is specifically included:
Reduced sugar generates reddish brown color substance, that is, -5 nitro of 3- amino with 3,5- dinitrosalicylic acid heat together under alkaline condition
Salicylic acid is obtained by measuring OD value corresponding to the glucose of various concentration under 540nm wavelength by Excel mapping
Glucose standard curve and regression equation；Y=1.8549x-0.035；Wherein y is absorbance, and x is concentration of glucose；R2=
0.9948.It mixes well, moisturizing is uniformly mixed to 15ml, measures OD under 540nm wavelength after flowing water is cooling after boiling water bath 5min
Value.
Further, in orthogonal optimization, on the basis of experiment of single factor, three levels that each factor is optimal, hydrogen-oxygen are taken
Change calcium concentration: 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, bath temperature: 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60 DEG C, water bath time: 2h, 3h, 4h, solid-liquid
Than: 1:20 (g:ml), 1:25 (g:ml), 1:30 (g:ml) carry out orthogonal experiment.
Further, it after orthogonal optimization, also needs to be verified, the optimum treatment mode that orthogonal experiment is obtained carries out 3 weights
Review card.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: the application is using rice straw as raw material, reducing sugar yield
It probes into four calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio factors by experiment of single factor for index and is being aided with
Under conditions of micro-wave oven 300W heats 2min, to the influence that rice straw is degraded, and carried out just on the basis of experiment of single factor
Hand over optimum experimental, the results showed that calcium hydroxide is to the influence optimum treatment mode that rice straw is degraded: calcium hydroxide is dense to be
0.02%, bath temperature is 30 DEG C, water bath time 2h, and solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:30 (g:ml), and micro-wave oven 300W heats 2min, herein
Rice under Condition stalk reducing sugar yield has reached 27.46%.
The application passes through Ca (OH)2Rice straw is handled, lignin can be removed, make its expansion, lead to fibrous inside table
Area increases, and crystallinity decline promotes straw degradative；It is aided with microwave treatment again, can quickly improves the temperature of reaction system, breaks
Bad stalk surface siliconization wax destroys the special construction of lignin, hemicellulose, and removing part silicon and lignin keeps cellulose sudden and violent
Expose, shorten the reaction time, is conducive to subsequent reactions.It is a kind of effective ways that rice straw degradation rate can be improved.
The application rationally utilizes rice straw, can not only generate electricity, produce biogas, is converted into ethyl alcohol, while can also promote
Into the development of paper-making industry, energy industry, food industry and feed industry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is utilization Ca (OH) provided in an embodiment of the present invention2The method flow diagram of degrading rice straw.
Fig. 2 is DNS colorimetric method for determining reduced sugar canonical plotting provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the influence diagram that calcium hydroxide concentration provided in an embodiment of the present invention degrades to rice straw.
Fig. 4 is the influence diagram that bath temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention degrades to rice straw.
Fig. 5 is the influence diagram that water bath time provided in an embodiment of the present invention degrades to rice straw.
Fig. 6 is the influence diagram that bath temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention degrades to rice straw.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
In the prior art, annual there are many stalks collected largely to be stacked, burns, i.e., waste of resource pollutes ring again
Border.Why rice straw can not be fully utilized.
In view of the problems of the existing technology, Ca (OH) is utilized the present invention provides a kind of2The method of degrading rice straw,
The present invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the offer of this hair embodiment utilizes Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw the following steps are included:
S101: it experiment of single factor: using rice straw as raw material, using reducing sugar yield as index, analyzes Ca (OH)2Not
Same bath temperature, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio treatment conditions under, analyze the influence that each factor degrades to rice straw.
S102: after to experiment of single factor data processing, calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, water orthogonal experiment: are chosen
Time, more significant three levels of solid-to-liquid ratio are bathed, designs L using DPS9(34) orthogonal arrage, by L9(34) orthogonal arrage, carry out three
Secondary to repeat to test, optimization calcium hydroxide handles the process conditions degraded to rice straw.
S103: data processing: the data according to measured by experiment of single factor carry out mapping analysis by Excel；Orthogonal reality
Data measured by design table and orthogonal experiment are tested, are handled by DPS.
In step S101, and it is aided with micro-wave oven 300W heating 2min.
In step S102, and it is aided with micro-wave oven 300W heating 2min.
Below with reference to experiment, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described.
1. experimental material and instrument
1.1 experimental material.
Rice straw powder: it is cut into 3- with scissors by the rice straw being dehydrated after Xiaogan harvesting in local 18 years
5cm, draining is put into electric heating constant temperature blast drier dry after being cleaned with tap water, and being crumbed when rice straw with hand can use
Out, the stalk after drying is crushed by 200g universal high speed disintegrator, crosses 40 mesh screens, is packed into the wide-mouth reagent bottle of 100ml
Middle sealing is spare.
1.2 experimental drugs and preparation of reagents.
1. calcium hydroxide solution (g/v): accurately weighing 0.02g, 0.04g, 0.06g, 0.08g, 0.10g calcium hydroxide respectively
Powder adds suitable water sufficiently to dissolve in different beakers, after in different 100ml volumetric flasks constant volume.This solution is now matched
It is current.
2. glucose standards solution (1mg/ml): weighing 100mg glucose powder in 100ml beaker, add suitable steaming
Distilled water dissolution, it is cooling after in 100ml volumetric flask constant volume.
3. DNS reagent: by 6.3 grams of 3,5- dinitrosalicylic acids and 262ml 2mol/L sodium hydroxide, being added to 500ml and contain
In the hydrothermal solution of 182 grams of sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrates, 5 grammes per square metre phenol and 5 grams of sodium sulfites are added, stirring and dissolving adds water after cooling
DNS reagent is made to 1000ml in constant volume, store in brown bottle place it is spare after a week.
1.3 laboratory apparatus.
1 instrument and equipment of table and model
1.4 experimental method
1.4.1 the measurement of glucose standard curve.Reduced sugar is raw with 3,5- dinitrosalicylic acid heat together under alkaline condition
At reddish brown color substance, that is, -5 nitro-salicylic acid of 3- amino, at the same in a certain range this shade and content of reducing sugar at one
Fixed proportionate relationship (DNS method surveys reduced sugar).It is close by measuring light corresponding to the glucose of various concentration under 540nm wavelength
Angle value obtains glucose standard curve and regression equation by Excel mapping.According to the form below sample-adding measures corresponding OD value.
The measurement of 2 standard curve of table
It mixes well, moisturizing is uniformly mixed, measures under 540nm wavelength to 15ml after flowing water is cooling after boiling water bath 5min
OD value.
1.4.2 experiment of single factor.
1. the influence that calcium hydroxide concentration degrades to rice straw accurately weighs 1g rice straw powder in 5 50ml
Conical flask in, be separately added into 0.02% according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml), 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%,
The calcium hydroxide solution of 0.10% concentration extracts 2h under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures, then handles 2min with micro-wave oven 300W,
15min is centrifuged under 4000r/min, accurate measuring 1ml supernatant dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method.
(three groups of setting repeat to test)
2. the influence that bath temperature degrades to rice straw accurately weighs 1g rice straw powder in the cone of 5 50ml
In shape bottle, 0.02% calcium hydroxide solution is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml), respectively in 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60
DEG C, 75 DEG C, extract 2h under 90 DEG C of bath temperatures, then handle 2min with micro-wave oven 300W, be centrifuged 15min at 4000r/min,
Accurate measuring 1ml supernatant dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method.(three groups of setting repeat to test)
3. the influence that water bath time degrades to rice straw accurately weighs 1g rice straw powder in the cone of 5 50ml
In shape bottle, 0.02% calcium hydroxide solution is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 (g:ml), divides under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures
1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h are managed in other places, then handle 2min with micro-wave oven 300W, 15min, accurate measuring are centrifuged at 4000r/min
1ml supernatant dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method.(three groups of setting repeat to test)
4. the influence that solid-to-liquid ratio degrades to rice straw accurately weighs 1g rice straw powder in the taper of 5 50ml
In bottle, add according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 (g:ml), 1:15 (g:ml), 1:20 (g:ml), 1:25 (g:ml), 1:30 (g:ml)
The calcium hydroxide solution for entering 0.02% extracts 2h under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures, then handles 2min with micro-wave oven 300W,
15min is centrifuged under 4000r/min, accurate measuring 1ml supernatant dilutes certain multiple, measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method.
(three groups of setting repeat to test)
1.4.3 orthogonal experiment.
After to experiment of single factor data processing, calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio are chosen
More significant three levels design L using DPS9(34) orthogonal arrage, such as the following table 3, by this table, and it is aided with micro-wave oven 300W heating
2min carries out three repeated experiments, probes into optimization of the calcium hydroxide pretreatment to rice straw degradation condition.
3 rice straw of table degradation orthogonal experiment L9 (34) factor level
1.2.4 data processing.
(1) data according to measured by experiment of single factor carry out mapping analysis by Excel；Orthogonal table and
Data measured by orthogonal experiment, are handled by DPS.
(2) calculating of rice straw reducing sugar yield in testing, is calculated according to following formula:
In formula, H (%) is reducing sugar yield；M (mg) is sample content of reducing sugar；M (g) is stalk powder quality；N is
Extension rate；10-3For the conversion coefficient of mg to g.
Technical effect of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
Orthogonal optimization test.
On the basis of experiment of single factor, three levels that each factor is optimal, i.e. calcium hydroxide concentration are taken: 0.02%,
0.04%, 0.06%, bath temperature: 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60 DEG C, water bath time: 2h, 3h, 4h, solid-to-liquid ratio: 1:20 (g:ml), 1:
25 (g:ml), 1:30 (g:ml), carry out orthogonal experiment, and optimization calcium hydroxide handles the process conditions degraded to rice straw.
4 rice straw of table degradation Orthogonal experiment results and range analysis
By the very poor of table 4 it is found that the primary and secondary sequence of the influence in four factors to rice straw degradation is successively: C > D
> A > B, i.e. water bath time > solid-to-liquid ratio > calcium hydroxide concentration > bath temperature；In combination with k value in table 5 it is found that hydroxide
Calcium is A to the optimum treatment mode for the influence that rice straw is degraded1B1C1D3I.e. calcium hydroxide concentration is 0.02%, bath temperature
It is 30 DEG C, water bath time 2h, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:30.
The degradation variance analysis of 5 rice straw of table
Note: * * indicates that difference is extremely significant, P < 0.01；* significant difference, P < 0.05 are indicated
As shown in Table 5, calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, four factors of solid-to-liquid ratio and water bath time P value be both less than
0.01, show that this four factors have highly significant influence to rice straw drop.
Embodiment 2
Confirmatory experiment.
The optimum treatment mode A obtained due to orthogonal experiment1B1C1D3, not in orthogonal array, it is therefore desirable to be tested
Confirmation is tested, and is carried out 3 repetitions and is tested.
6 confirmatory experiment result of table
As shown in Table 6, in optimal combination A1B1C1D3Under conditions of, the average yield of reduced sugar is 27.46%, and real
Testing middle reducing sugar yield greatest combined is A2B1C2D3Its reducing sugar yield is 27.08%.Therefore, institute is optimized by orthogonal experiment
Obtained optimum treatment mode is reasonable, and reducing sugar yield with higher.
Below with reference to effect, the invention will be further described.
(1) using glucose content as abscissa, OD value is that ordinate makees glucose standard curve, is made by Excel
Figure, obtains regression equation, as shown in Fig. 2, R2=0.9948, i.e. degree of fitting are good, the concentration and absorbance of glucose standards solution
It is linear, obtain regression equation: y=1.8549x-0.035；(wherein y is absorbance, and x is concentration of glucose).
It (2) is 1:20 (g:ml) in solid-to-liquid ratio, water bath time 2h, 60 DEG C of bath temperature, under the conditions of microwave time 2min, with
Reducing sugar yield is index, investigates the influence that the calcium hydroxide of various concentration degrades to rice straw.As shown in figure 3, working as hydrogen-oxygen
When changing calcium concentration from 0.02% -0.04%, reducing sugar yield is in the trend risen and continues growing calcium hydroxide concentration reduction
Sugared yield gradually decreases.With being continuously increased for calcium hydroxide concentration, calcium ion constantly acts on lignin and hemicellulose,
The special construction of lignin and hemicellulose is destroyed, so that lignin and hemicellulose are constantly deviate from and degrade.In hydrogen-oxygen
Change reducing sugar yield when calcium concentration reaches 0.04% and reach maximum value, has reached the maximum removal efficiency of lignin, half fiber at this time
Tie up the most degradation rate of element.Illustrate that choose calcium hydroxide concentration is advisable in one timing of other factors for 0.04% or so.
It (3) is 1:20 (g:ml), water bath time 2h, calcium hydroxide concentration 0.02%, microwave time 2min in solid-to-liquid ratio
Under the conditions of, using reducing sugar yield as index, investigate the influence that different bath temperatures degrades to rice straw.As shown in figure 4, working as
When temperature is from 30 DEG C -45 DEG C, the trend increased is presented in reducing sugar yield, and when bath temperature persistently increases, reducing sugar yield
It gradually decreases.When bath temperature persistently increases, under the action of temperature and solute calcium hydroxide, so that biomass granularity contracts
Small, crystallinity reduces, and lignin and the rupture of hemicellulose binder course cause reducing sugar yield to increase, reduced sugar produces when 45 DEG C
Rate reaches maximum value.But with continuing growing for bath temperature, due to the characteristic of temperature and solute calcium hydroxide own solubility,
Cause calcium ion content in solution fewer and fewer, response intensity is lower and lower, and reducing sugar yield is also lower therewith.Show at other
Under treatment conditions unanimous circumstances, bath temperature, which takes 45 DEG C or so, to be advisable.
(4) solid-to-liquid ratio be 1:20 (g:ml), 60 DEG C of bath temperature, calcium hydroxide concentration 0.02%, the microwave time
Under the conditions of 2min, using reducing sugar yield as index, the influence that different water bath times degrades to rice straw is investigated.Such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, during water bath time is from 1h -3h, reducing sugar yield is constantly in the trend of growth, and when water bath time continues to increase
When, reducing sugar yield gradually decreases.In 1h to 3h early period, under the action of calcium hydroxide and temperature, calcium ion continuous action,
Lignin, degradation of hemicellulose are removed, reducing sugar yield also continues to increase, and reducing sugar yield has also reached peak when handling 3h
Value.Due to gradually decreasing for calcium ion amount, even if continuing to extend the processing time, lack in subsequent solution to lignin and hemicellulose
The reaction medium of element, causes the reduced sugar of subsequent generation to reduce.Therefore when other conditions are consistent, the water bath time of use is in 3h
Left and right is relatively reasonable.
It (5) is 60 DEG C, water bath time 2h in bath temperature, calcium hydroxide concentration 0.02%, microwave time 2min condition
Under, using reducing sugar yield as index, investigate the influence that different solid-to-liquid ratios degrades to rice straw.As shown in fig. 6, in solid-to-liquid ratio
In the section 1:10-1:25, reducing sugar yield continues to increase, and when solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:25, reducing sugar yield reaches maximum value, and after
Reducing sugar yield starts to reduce when continuous increase solid-to-liquid ratio.During solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10 to 1:25, solute calcium hydroxide is in feed liquid
In sufficiently contacted with stalk powder, calcium ion constantly removes lignin, and degradation of hemicellulose is continuously increased reducing sugar yield.And
Solid-to-liquid ratio is continued growing, solvent is excessive to cause feed liquid mass transfer uneven, is easy accumulation precipitating, contact area is insufficient, reaction
Specific surface area reduces, so that calcium ion reaction is insufficient, the content of reducing sugar of generation is reduced, and reducing sugar yield is caused to reduce.Cause
This, when other treatment conditions are identical, solid-to-liquid ratio, which chooses 1:25 or so, to be advisable.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of utilize Ca (OH)2The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that described to utilize Ca (OH)2Degrading rice straw
Method include:
Single factor test processing, using reducing sugar yield as index, is analyzed Ca (OH) using rice straw as raw material2In different water-bath temperature
Degree, water bath time, solid-to-liquid ratio treatment conditions under, and be aided with micro-wave oven 300W heating 2min, analyze each factor to rice straw
The influence of degradation；
Orthogonal experiment processing is chosen calcium hydroxide concentration, bath temperature, water bath time, is consolidated after to single factor test data processing
The significant data of liquid, use L9(34) orthogonal arrage, three repeated experiments are carried out, calcium hydroxide pretreatment is obtained and rice straw is dropped
Solve optimal conditions.
2. utilizing Ca (OH) as described in claim 12The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that described to utilize Ca
(OH)2The method of degrading rice straw further comprises data processing, and the data processing specifically includes:
(1) data according to measured by experiment of single factor carry out mapping analysis by Excel；Orthogonal table and orthogonal
Measured data are tested, are handled by DPS；
(2) calculating of rice straw reducing sugar yield, is calculated according to following formula:
In formula, H (%) is reducing sugar yield；M (mg) is sample content of reducing sugar；M (g) is stalk powder quality；N is dilution
Multiple；10-3For the conversion coefficient of mg to g.
3. utilizing Ca (OH) as described in claim 12The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that the single factor test processing
It specifically includes:
1) influence that calcium hydroxide concentration degrades to rice straw: weighing 1g rice straw powder in the conical flask of 5 50ml,
The calcium hydroxide of 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%, 0.10% concentration is separately added into according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20
Solution extracts 2h under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures, then handles 2min with micro-wave oven 300W, is centrifuged 15min at 4000r/min,
It measures 1ml supernatant and dilutes certain multiple, content of reducing sugar is measured using DNS method, be arranged three groups and repeat to test；
2) influence that bath temperature degrades to rice straw: accurately weighing 1g rice straw powder in the conical flask of 5 50ml,
0.02% calcium hydroxide solution is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20, respectively in 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 90 DEG C of water
2h is extracted under bath temperature, then handles 2min with micro-wave oven 300W, 15min is centrifuged at 4000r/min, measures 1ml supernatant
Certain multiple is diluted, content of reducing sugar is measured using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test；
3) influence that water bath time degrades to rice straw: accurately weighing 1g rice straw powder in the conical flask of 5 50ml,
According to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:20 ratio be added 0.02% calcium hydroxide solution, handled respectively under 60 DEG C of bath temperatures 1h, 2h,
Then 3h, 4h, 5h handle 2min with micro-wave oven 300W, 15min are centrifuged at 4000r/min, accurate measuring 1ml supernatant is dilute
Certain multiple is released, content of reducing sugar is measured using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test；
4) influence that solid-to-liquid ratio degrades to rice straw: 1g rice straw powder accurately is weighed in the conical flask of 5 50ml, is pressed
0.02% calcium hydroxide solution is added according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1:10,1:15,1:20,1:25,1:30, in 60 DEG C of bath temperatures
Then lower extraction 2h handles 2min with 300W in micro-wave oven, 15min is centrifuged at 4000r/min, measures the dilution of 1ml supernatant
Certain multiple measures content of reducing sugar using DNS method, is arranged three groups and repeats to test.
4. utilizing Ca (OH) as claimed in claim 32The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that
Dense calcium hydroxide is 0.02%, and bath temperature is 30 DEG C, water bath time 2h, solid-to-liquid ratio 1:30, micro-wave oven 300W
Heat 2min.
5. utilizing Ca (OH) as described in claim 12The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that before single factor test processing,
The measurement that need to carry out glucose standard curve, specifically includes:
Reduced sugar generates reddish brown color substance, that is, -5 nitrosalicylic of 3- amino with 3,5- dinitrosalicylic acid heat together under alkaline condition
Acid obtains grape by Excel mapping by measuring OD value corresponding to the glucose of various concentration under 540nm wavelength
Standard for Sugars curve and regression equation；Y=1.8549x-0.035；Wherein y is absorbance, and x is concentration of glucose；R2=0.9948；
It mixes well, moisturizing is uniformly mixed to 15ml, OD value is measured under 540nm wavelength after flowing water is cooling after boiling water bath 5min.
6. utilizing Ca (OH) as described in claim 12The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that
In orthogonal optimization, on the basis of experiment of single factor, three levels that each factor is optimal are taken, calcium hydroxide concentration:
0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, bath temperature: 30 DEG C, 45 DEG C, 60 DEG C, water bath time: 2h, 3h, 4h, solid-to-liquid ratio: 1:20,1:
25,1:30, micro-wave oven 300W heat 2min, carry out orthogonal experiment.
7. utilizing Ca (OH) as claimed in claim 62The method of degrading rice straw, which is characterized in that after orthogonal optimization, also
It need to be verified, the optimum treatment mode that orthogonal experiment is obtained carries out 3 repeated authentications.
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