CN110282842A - The method of microbial engineering processing sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The method that microbial engineering handles sludge, the invention discloses a kind of method for sludge treatment, it is characterised in that, the method includes the steps of: the auxiliary material of 1%-10% being added based on sludge weight, microbiological garbage treatment agent, uniform mixing is added, the material water ratio after mixing is 55%-65%；It is divided into three different phases according to the variation of material heap temperature to be handled, and controls the ventilation time and ventilation quantity in each stage；When material water ratio is lower than 40% and heap temperature is when 60 DEG C or more times being more than 84 small, sludge handling process is completed.Compared with common micro-organisms processing method, the method for the present invention can more quickly, more efficiently be handled sludge, by timing, be determined the temperature control forced ventilation time, shorten mud decrement and innoxious required time.Multilayer-tower installation for fermenting also can be used in the method for the present invention, further ensures that the innoxious for the treatment of process.

Description

The method of microbial engineering processing sludge

Technical field

The invention belongs to fixed-end forces technical field, it is related to the treatment process of a kind of sewage sludge harmlessness, recycling.

Background technique

Sludge is remaining semi-solid material after sewage treatment, the mainly solid component in sewage.Sludge contains abundant Organic matter and nutriment, be in colloidal, distribute foul odour, contains germ, helminth and heavy metal, organic dirt simultaneously The harmful substances such as object are contaminated, as it cannot get appropriate disposition, any discharge can bring serious pollution to surrounding enviroment.

With being continuously increased for our urban populations, municipal sludge growing day by day is serious with city disposition sludge ability Deficiency, serious fall behind for disposing means have formed sharp contradiction, and a large amount of wet muds are arbitrarily transported outward, simple landfill or stacking make to be permitted There is the phenomenon that " sludge besieged city " in more cities.Currently, the dewatered sludge handling problems that major municipal wastewater treatment plant generates have become Hinder one of the huge environmental problem of urban development.Sludge due to accumulation will inevitably make soil, water body and atmosphere At serious secondary pollution, great security risk is brought to ecological environment.So the mode for accumulating sludge does not obviously meet and holds Country is more not achieved to the current standard of municipal sludge disposal in the continuous requirement improved the ecological environment.

The processing method of disposal of sludge mainly has sanitary landfills, burning, manufacture fertilizer, manufacture building materials etc., these sides at present Method requires sludge by dehydration and drying and other treatment, i.e., the moisture content in reduction sludge is to 50% hereinafter, reaching stabilisation And minimizing, it could further dispose.But the dewatering technology of mud condition that Most current municipal wastewater treatment plant uses, it can only incite somebody to action Moisture percentage in sewage sludge is reduced to 70%-80%, and the relevant criterion of country requires the sludge of land use, burning, sanitary landfills to contain Water rate is at least below 50%.Since the moisture in dewatered sludge is mainly cell interior combination water in sludge, mechanical dehydration method It can not further decrease, to remove this partial moisture, need to carry out sludge drying processing.Therefore, sludge is carried out at desiccation It is one of up to standard that reason is the key that dewatered sludge is disposed.

It is biological dewatered to refer to by promoting sludge water content to evaporate using biological heat caused by microorganism aerobic fermentation, thus real Now quickly go a kind of drying and other treatment technique of moisture removal.It is biological dewatered to have compared with the drying techniques such as heat drying, lime desiccation The features such as low energy consumption, highly-safe, desiccation product is convenient for later use.But current adoptable biological dewatered technology category It is less, and these biological dewatered process times are long, sludge heap temperature is not high, high-temperature time is short, so as to cause pathogen, ascarid Worm's ovum, grass-seed etc. can not be killed, and innoxious, resource utilization standard is not achieved, and there is also taking up an area, more, the processing time is long and smelly The problems such as gas pollutes.

For this purpose, being badly in need of providing a kind of quick, efficient, harmless method for sludge treatment for removing moisture in sludge.

Summary of the invention

To solve problems of the prior art, it is harmless to sludge that the present invention provides a kind of microbial engineerings Change, the method for recycling treatment.

In one embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of method for sludge treatment, which is characterized in that this method include with Lower step:

1. the auxiliary material of 1%-10% is added based on sludge weight, microbiological garbage treatment agent, uniform mixing, the object after mixing is added Material moisture content is 55%-65%；

2. being divided into following three phases according to the variation of material heap temperature to be handled:

2.1 heap temperatures are the first stage at 40 DEG C or less, and every 4 hours forced ventilation 15-30min, ventilation quantity is every Cube mixing is 1-1.5L/min, turning over materials when heap temperature is more than 40 DEG C, into second stage；

It is second stage when 2.2 heap temperatures are between 40 DEG C -60 DEG C；It is every 2 hours strong when heap temperature is 40 DEG C -50 DEG C System ventilation 5-10min, ventilation quantity are every cube of mixing 1-1.5L/min, and heap temperature is more than stopping ventilation after 50 DEG C, and temperature is super After crossing 60 DEG C, turning over materials, into the phase III；

2.3 phase IIIs, every 2 hours forced ventilation 5-10min, ventilation quantity are that every cube of mixing is 0.5-1 L/min, heap Temperature maintains 60 DEG C or more；

3. material water ratio is detected, when material water ratio is lower than 40% and heap temperature in 60 DEG C or more times is more than 84 small When, sludge handling process is completed.

In a preferred embodiment, in step 2.3 of the present invention, a material is stirred in every fermentation for 12-24 hours.

Sludge described in step 1 of the present invention includes but is not limited to municipal sludge, river bottom mud or mud etc.；It is preferred at one In embodiment, the moisture percentage in sewage sludge in step 1 is between 80%-70%.

Microbiological garbage treatment agent used in step 1 of the present invention, which can be, known to those skilled in the art can be used in locating Manage any microbiological garbage treatment agent of sludge, including but not limited to bacteria agent, composite bacteria agent etc..The present invention is not intended to sludge Microbiological garbage treatment agent used in processing method is limited, as long as can be by biofermentation for handling sludge, reducing The microbiological garbage treatment agent of sludge moisture content is used equally for method of the invention.In a preferred embodiment, the present invention walks Microbiological garbage treatment agent used in rapid 1 is Chinese invention patent application " for handling the composite bacteria agent and preparation method of sludge And the technique of processing sludge " (application number: composite bacteria agent disclosed in 201811088588.5).In a preferred embodiment party In case, microbiological garbage treatment agent used in step 1 of the present invention includes bacillus megaterium strain culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain culture；Preferably, bacillus megaterium strain culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri strain culture count in mass ratio 1: 1 to 1: 3 mixing, preferably with 1: 1 or 1: 2 or 2: 3 mixing；It is highly preferred that bacillus megaterium strain culture includes bacillus megaterium Strain and its culture medium, Pseudomonas stutzeri strain culture includes Pseudomonas stutzeri strain and its culture medium, and the culture medium is solid Body culture medium or semisolid culturemedium or fluid nutrient medium.It is further preferable that the amount of the composite bacteria agent is based on sludge weight 0.1%-1%.

In one embodiment, auxiliary material used in step 1 of the present invention includes but is not limited to sawdust, wheat bran, stalk Last or in which two or more of mixtures.

In one embodiment, three processing stages of step 2 of the present invention are (such as different in different section respectively Compartment) in complete.Specifically, it after completing first stage processing in first interval, transfers the material into second interval, carries out the Two-stage processing；After the completion of second stage processing, 3rd interval is transferred the material into, carries out phase III processing.

In a preferred embodiment, the method for the present invention step 2.2 second stage duration be 12 hours with On, preferably 12-24 hours.

In a more preferred embodiment, Treatment of Sludge of the invention is completed in multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, in step 1 After completing mixing comprising the steps of: mixed material is transferred to multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, into tower top layer fermentation tank, stone After stand.It is highly preferred that stone height is between 60cm-80cm after material is transported into the fermentation tank of installation for fermenting.

In a more preferred embodiment, the multilayer-tower installation for fermenting is complete in different layers respectively including at least 3 layers At three processing stages in step 2.It is highly preferred that the multilayer-tower installation for fermenting is Chinese utility model patent application 7 layered tower installation for fermentings disclosed in " a kind of sludge special microorganism installation for fermenting " (application number: 201821524808.X). It is overturn it is highly preferred that every layer of the multilayer-tower installation for fermenting can be driven by hydraulic system, forms gas chamber between tower body adjacent layer, Side is provided with air inlet, and side corresponding with air inlet is provided with air outlet, and air outlet passes through air hose connection of axial flow fan, Gas room air is excluded by axial flow blower, forms negative pressure, axial flow blower connects closed ventilation shaft, and fermentation waste gas passes through after collecting The conversion of photooxidation catalytic degradation is crossed, odor pollution is not generated, tower body gas chamber monitors heap body equipped with temperature-humidity sensor.

In the embodiment of the present invention for carrying out fermentation process using multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, it is preferable that complete in top layer At after step 2.1, turning over materials makes it be transferred to time top layer；After secondary top layer completes step 2.2, turning over materials is transferred to it Next layer；In step 2.3, turning over materials after every fermentation 12-24 hours makes it be transferred to next layer of fermentation, until Treatment of Sludge Process is completed, from tower bottom discharge hole for discharge.

In one embodiment of the invention, for calculating the mixing volume of ventilation quantity according to aqueous in step 2.1-2.3 Rate measuring and calculating.When material water ratio is lower than 40% and heap temperature is when 60 DEG C or more times being more than 84 small, sludge handling process is complete At.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, entire processing method continues 5-10 days.Beneficial effects of the present invention Are as follows:

By means of the present invention, the microbiological garbage treatment agent of inoculation can increase breeding rapidly in sludge, decompose, using and The harmful components in sludge are converted, sludge body is made to be rapidly heated, fermentation time needed for shortening the sludge body medium temperature phase, and can Sludge colloform texture is destroyed, the combination water of mud granule is made to be easier to be detached from.Compared with common micro-organisms processing method, side of the present invention Method can more quickly, more efficiently be handled sludge, by timing, be determined the temperature control forced ventilation time, be shortened dirty Mud decrement and innoxious required time, the fermentation of heap body are more than 84 hours in 60 DEG C or more hot stage times, ensure that heap body The innoxious effect of material.

Using multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, the innoxious for the treatment of process is further ensured.The gas chamber of every layer of tower body passes through Axial flow blower extraction indoor gas forms certain negative pressure, can by foul smell that indoor fermentation generates, send out vapor thermogenetic and detach, Supplement fresh air simultaneously reduces heap temperature, facilitates the rapid decrease of heap body moisture content.By cyclonic separation after gas sampling Device carries out cooling and gas-liquid separation, gas and enters deodoration system, through photooxidation catalytic treatment, utilizes high energy UV ultraviolet beam and smelly Oxygen carries out collaboration to exhaust gas and decomposes oxidation reaction, so that exhaust gas decomposition is converted to low molecular compound, water and carbon dioxide, then pass through Exhaust duct discharge is outdoor, does not discharge foul smell outwardly, not polluting the environment, (sludge organism harmlessness disposing technique process is shown in figure 1)。

This technique uses automation control, can be adjusted, is automatically performed logical according to parameter settings such as heap temperature, oxygen content The operation such as wind, turning.Due to automatic operating and monitoring, labor intensity can obviously reduce, save cost of labor.

Municipal sludge volume can be reduced 50% or more after this process, innoxious rear product content of organic matter height, moisture Content is low, and product can reach " GB 4284-2018 agricultural sludge pollutant catabolic gene standard ", can be used for afforestation, arable land it is agricultural Deng.

Detailed description of the invention:

Fig. 1 is sludge harmless treatment method flow chart

Fig. 2 is 7 layered tower installation for fermenting structural schematic diagrams

In Fig. 2,1. tower bodies, 2. fluid power systems, 3. oxygenating air interchangers, 4. stone carriage devices, 5. turnover panel portions Dress, 6. gas chambers, 7. outfeed belt conveyors；11. ceiling, 12. frames, 18. feed inlets；31. axial flow blower, 32. air hoses, 33. outlet air Mouthful, 34. air inlets.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1: the preparation of microbiological garbage treatment agent (composite bacteria agent)

1) bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas stutzeri shaking flask culture: are inoculated into beef extract-peptone Liquid Culture respectively Carry out shaking flask culture in base, cultivate 24 hours under the conditions of 30~35 DEG C, obtain respectively bacillus megaterium shaking flask strain with Pseudomonas stutzeri shaking flask strain；

2) seed tank culture: by the bacillus megaterium shaking flask strain and Pseudomonas stutzeri shaking flask strain point in step 1) It is not inoculated into seed culture medium (composition are as follows: 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract, 1% (w/v) tryptone, 0.05% (w/v) phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen and 0.5% (w/v) sodium chloride) in carry out seed tank culture, cultivate 36 hours under the conditions of 30~35 DEG C, distinguish Obtain bacillus megaterium seed liquor and Pseudomonas stutzeri seed liquor；

3) fermentation tank culture: bacillus megaterium seed liquor in step 2) and Pseudomonas stutzeri seed liquor are compared by 5% Example (percent by volume) inoculum concentration is inoculated into seed culture medium (composition are as follows: 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract, 1% (w/v) respectively Tryptone, 0.05% (w/v) potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5% (w/v) sodium chloride) in carry out fermentation tank culture, 25~30 It is cultivated under the conditions of DEG C 48 hours, obtains bacillus megaterium bacteria suspension and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria suspension respectively；It is outstanding to bacterium respectively Liquid carries out microscopy, and bacterial strain living bacteria count is >=1 × 10⁹cfu/mL。

4) solid culture: by bacillus megaterium bacteria suspension in step 3) and Pseudomonas stutzeri bacteria suspension by 10% (weight Amount percentage) ratio be inoculated into respectively bran mass (composition are as follows: 5% (w) bean cake powder or corn flour and 95% (w) wheat bran Skin) in carry out solid culture, cultivation temperature is 30~35 DEG C, incubation time be 48 hours, obtain bacillus megaterium respectively Solid culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri solid culture；Microscopy, bacillus megaterium solid are carried out to solid culture respectively The living bacteria count of bacillus megaterium is >=1 × 10 in culture⁸cfu/g；Amur in Pseudomonas stutzeri solid culture The living bacteria count of pseudomonad is >=1 × 10⁸cfu/g。

5) the bacillus megaterium solid culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri solid culture obtained step 4) respectively into Row drying respectively obtains bacillus megaterium culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri culture；It is huge in bacillus megaterium culture The living bacteria count of Bacterium anthracoides is >=1 × 10⁸cfu/g；Pseudomonas stutzeri is effective in Pseudomonas stutzeri culture Viable count is >=1 × 10⁸Cfu/g, in mass ratio by obtained bacillus megaterium culture and Amur acinetobacter calcoaceticus culture 1: 1 mixing of meter, obtains composite bacteria agent；Total living bacteria count >=1 × 10 in composite bacteria agent⁸cfu/g；

Embodiment 2: microorganism is innoxious stage by stage, recycling treatment process

Xi'an sewage plant day generates 100 tons of dewatered sludges.The sewage plant based on mechanical sludge dewatering belt filters pressing, Supplemented by centrifugation, 10% sawdust auxiliary material is added by sludge weight for dewatered sludge moisture content 80%, and prepared by 1% embodiment 1 answers Combined bacteria agent is separately added into stock storehouse, is sent into blender by conveyer belt and uniformly mixes with sludge, material water ratio exists after mixing 65% or so.

Mixing is transported into the fermentation tank of 7 layered tower installation for fermenting top layers by conveyer belt, and mechanical equipment will above fermentation tank Mixing is paved into the heap body of height 80cm, every about 25 side of layer pile material.Gas chamber where fermentation tank is opaque closed, two end sides Wall is furnished with ventilation system.Ferment first stage setting every 4 hours forced ventilation 15min, ventilation quantity 25000L/min, prison Heap temperature is surveyed, temperature is more than 40 DEG C, and automatic control system stirs this layer of fermentation tank, and material is made to fall into (the 6th layer) fermentation of lower layer In slot, and enter second stage.

Material water ratio maintains material heap temperature between 40 DEG C -60 DEG C, often 60% or so when into second stage 2 hours forced ventilation 5min, ventilation quantity 34500L/min, heap temperature are more than to stop timed and forced ventilation after 45 DEG C, and temperature is super After crossing 60 DEG C, turning over materials makes material be transferred to (the 5th layer) of next layer fermentation, and the second stage duration is more than after 24 hours, Into the phase III.

Material water ratio maintains every 2 hours forced ventilation 10min, ventilation quantity 52% or so when into the phase III 17440L/min guarantees that material heap temperature is more than 60 DEG C, and every layer ferments 24 hours, and then rear turning over materials, is transferred to material Next layer.Material detects moisture content before being transferred to next layer, and material water ratio is lower than 40% and heap temperature is in 60 DEG C or more times More than 84 hours, sewage sludge harmlessness process was completed.

By the sludge after the completion of fermentation disposition from tower bottom discharge hole for discharge.By " GB 4284-2018 agricultural sludge pollutant Control standard " require to the moisture content of sludge before and after the processing, pH, organic matter, induced worm egg death rate, excrement colibacillus group number, total nickel, Total zinc, total arsenic, total mercury, total lead, total chromium, total cadmium, total copper, mineral oil, BaP, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content be measured.Detection It the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2.

The testing result of table 1 sludge physics and chemistry and Hygienic Index before and after the processing

The testing result of the sludge pollution object content before and after the processing of table 2

During sewage sludge harmlessness, the colloidal state of sludge is destroyed, and is accelerated the evaporation rate of moisture in sludge, is made dirt Mud reaches minimizing, stabilizes, while microorganism aerobic fermentation reduces exchangeable species in Heavy Metals in Sludge, carbonate combines The ratio of the labile states such as state, iron and manganese oxides reference state reduces sludge to the potential hazard of ecology, volatile organic matter Be degraded by microorganisms conversion, and sludge is stabilized.

After testing, sludge water content is reduced to 40% in 7 days, and induced worm egg death rate is more than 95%, excrement colibacillus group quantity Less than 100/g, content of beary metal is substantially reduced, and has been achieved the purpose that minimizing, stabilisation and innoxious, can satisfy subsequent The requirement of the treatment process such as sanitary landfills, burning, soil improvement.Sludge fermentation product meets " GB 4284-2018 agricultural sludge Pollutant catabolic gene standard " A grades of product standards, it can be used for ploughing, field, grassplot.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of method for sludge treatment, which is characterized in that the method includes the steps of:

Step 1: the auxiliary material of 1%-10% being added based on sludge weight, microbiological garbage treatment agent, uniform mixing, the object after mixing is added Material moisture content is 55%-65%；

Step 2: following three phases are divided into according to the variation of material heap temperature and are handled:

2.1 heap temperatures are the first stage at 40 DEG C or less, and every 4 hours forced ventilation 15-30min, ventilation quantity is every cube Mixing is 1-1.5L/min, turning over materials when heap temperature is more than 40 DEG C, into second stage；

It is second stage when 2.2 heap temperatures are between 40 DEG C -60 DEG C；It forces within every 2 hours when heap temperature is 40 DEG C -50 DEG C logical Wind 5-10min, ventilation quantity are every cube of mixing 1-1.5L/min, and heap temperature is more than stopping ventilation after 50 DEG C, and temperature is more than 60 After DEG C, turning over materials, into the phase III；

2.3 phase IIIs, every 2 hours forced ventilation 5-10min, ventilation quantity are that every cube of mixing is 0.5-1L/min, heap body temperature Degree maintains 60 DEG C or more；

Step 3: detection material water ratio, when material water ratio is lower than 40% and heap temperature in 60 DEG C or more times is more than 84 small When, sludge handling process is completed.

2. the method according to claim 1, wherein stirring a material in every fermentation process 12-24 hours in step 2.3.

3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein microbiological garbage treatment agent used in the step 1 includes huge gemma bar Strain culture and Pseudomonas stutzeri strain culture；Preferably, the bacillus megaterium strain culture and Amur vacation unit cell Strain culture counts 1: 1 to 1: 3 mixing in mass ratio.

4. according to the method in claim 3, wherein the amount of the composite bacteria agent is the 0.1%-1% based on sludge weight.

5. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein three processing stages of the step 2 carry out in different sections respectively, After completing first stage processing in first interval, second interval is transferred the material into, carries out second stage processing；Second stage After the completion of processing, 3rd interval is transferred the material into, carries out phase III processing.

6. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step 2 and step 3 are completed in multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, After step 1 completes mixing comprising the steps of: mixed material is transferred to multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, into tower top layer fermentation tank, It is stood after stone.

7. method according to claim 6, wherein stone height exists after the mixed material is transported into the fermentation tank of installation for fermenting Between 60cm-80cm.

8. method according to claim 6, wherein the multilayer-tower installation for fermenting includes at least 3 layers, respectively in different layers Complete three processing stages in step 2.

9. method according to claim 8, wherein 7 layered tower installation for fermenting of the multilayer-tower installation for fermenting, the tower hair Every layer of ferment device can be driven by hydraulic system and be overturn, and form gas chamber between tower body adjacent layer, side is provided with air inlet, with air inlet The corresponding side of mouth is provided with air outlet, and air outlet is excluded in gas chamber by air hose connection of axial flow fan by axial flow blower Air forms negative pressure, and axial flow blower connects closed ventilation shaft, and fermentation waste gas converts after collecting by photooxidation catalytic degradation, no Odor pollution is generated, tower body gas chamber monitors heap body equipped with temperature-humidity sensor.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein stirring object after the 7 layered tower installation for fermenting top layer completes step 2.1 Material makes it be transferred to time top layer；After secondary top layer completes step 2.2, turning over materials makes it be transferred to next layer；In step 2.3, Turning over materials after every fermentation 12-24 hours makes it be transferred to next layer of fermentation, until sludge handling process is completed, discharges from tower bottom Mouth discharging.