CN110229953B - Quenching method of rotating ring for steam turbine - Google Patents
Quenching method of rotating ring for steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110229953B CN110229953B CN201910548550.XA CN201910548550A CN110229953B CN 110229953 B CN110229953 B CN 110229953B CN 201910548550 A CN201910548550 A CN 201910548550A CN 110229953 B CN110229953 B CN 110229953B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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Abstract
A quenching method of a rotating ring for a steam turbine relates to a quenching method. The invention aims to solve the problems of difficult processing, higher energy requirement, higher cost, longer period and unfavorable environmental protection caused by integral treatment in the existing rotating ring quenching technology. The invention carries out quenching according to the following steps: blanking; roughly machining the rotating ring, and removing the mechanical stress; performing reversible deformation treatment on the laser quenching position of the rotating ring; carrying out laser quenching on the local hardening position of the rotating ring; the quenching sequence is inner and outer circle alternate quenching, and the temperature between quenching layers is not higher than 40 ℃; carrying out stabilized structure heat treatment on the rotating ring, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 350-450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4-6 h; carrying out vibration aging treatment on the rotating ring; processing the quenching position of the rotating ring by taking the low point of the quenching tank as a reference, turning over for multiple times, and controlling the stress of a machine; and after the machining is finished, carrying out size inspection and nondestructive testing, and inspecting the hardness of the quenching position. The quenching device is used for quenching the rotating ring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a quenching method, in particular to a quenching method of a rotating ring for a steam turbine.
Background
The rotating ring (see figure 1) is a component on a rotating partition plate of the steam turbine, the steam supply of the steam turbine is adjusted through the movement of the rotating ring, the rotating ring rubs with the position of the self-lubricating alloy during movement, the rotating ring is required to be slightly hard to make the rotating ring and the self-lubricating alloy contact part hardened for preventing the rotating ring from being jammed during movement, and the self-lubricating alloy contact part is required to be hardened. The traditional technology adopts the whole oil quenching technology to carry out hardening treatment on the whole rotating ring, the whole treatment is difficult to process, in addition, the whole oil quenching technology has large energy requirement, higher cost and longer period, and in addition, the whole oil quenching technology is not beneficial to environmental protection.
In conclusion, the existing rotating ring quenching technology has the problems of difficult processing, higher energy demand, higher cost, longer period and unfavorable environmental protection after integral treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of difficult processing, high energy requirement, high cost, long period and unfavorable environmental protection of the existing rotating ring quenching technology after integral treatment. Further provided is a method for quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: blanking;
the rotating ring is made of a plate or a forge piece with good hardenability, and blanking is performed on the rotating ring;
step two: roughly machining the rotating ring;
roughly machining the rotating ring, and then carrying out stress removal heat treatment to remove mechanical stress;
step three: carrying out reversible deformation processing on the rotating ring;
continuously processing the rotating ring, processing the laser quenching position, and performing reverse deformation treatment, wherein the reverse deformation amount a is 0.5-0.8 mm;
step four: carrying out laser quenching on the local hardening position of the rotating ring;
the quenching sequence is inner and outer circle alternate quenching, and the temperature between quenching layers is not higher than 40 ℃;
step five: carrying out stabilized structure heat treatment on the rotating ring, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 350-450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4-6 h;
step six: carrying out vibration aging treatment on the rotating ring, and further releasing stress generated by quenching;
step seven: further processing the rotating ring, processing the quenching position by taking the low point of the quenching tank as a reference, uniformly reserving the front and back surfaces, turning over for multiple times, and controlling the machine stress;
step eight: and after the machining is finished, carrying out size inspection, carrying out nondestructive testing on the quenching position, inspecting the hardness of the quenching position, and finishing the quenching of the rotating ring after the detection is finished.
Further, the plate and the forge piece with good hardenability in the step one are 2Cr13 or 1Cr 13.
Further, in the first step, a plasma cutting method or a water cutting method is respectively adopted for blanking of the rotating ring.
Further, in the second step, a square window is machined by a milling machine for rough machining of the rotating ring, an inner circle, an outer circle and the thickness are machined by a lathe, and a finish machining allowance of 5-10mm is reserved in the thickness direction.
Further, stress removing heat treatment is carried out on the rotating ring after rough machining between the second step and the third step, mechanical stress is removed, the rotating ring is placed on a flat plate during heat treatment, the flatness of the flat plate is not more than 0.5mm, and the heat treatment temperature is lower than the performance heat treatment temperature.
Preferably, after the stabilized tissue is subjected to heat treatment in the fifth step, the temperature rising and falling speed is not higher than 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ and then the product is discharged.
Further, the vibration aging effect of the vibration aging treatment of the rotating ring in the sixth step is performed at the resonance point.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. in the invention, during quenching, only the rotating ring and the position of the self-lubricating alloy are locally quenched by laser (namely the position in a frame in a figure 1), and the rest positions are not quenched. Compared with the prior art, the production efficiency is improved, the product quality is improved, the manufacturing period is reduced, 10 days are saved for each rotating ring, the manufacturing cost is reduced, 8.5 thousands of rotating rings are saved for each rotating ring, and the problems of high integral hardness and difficult processing are solved. The hardness of the whole processing surface of the original integral quenching rotating ring is 580-600 HB, after the method is applied, only the hardness of a laser quenching area is 580-600 HB, and the hardness of the rest processing positions is the hardness of a base material body, and is about 260 HB.
2. The laser quenching technology adopted by the invention is a green processing method, and is more environment-friendly than the original quenching method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating ring, wherein an area enclosed by two circular arc lines is a laser quenching area.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and a method for quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to the present embodiment includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the raw material of the rotating ring is a plate or a forged piece, the rotating ring is blanked, a machine allowance is reserved during blanking, and shape correction treatment is carried out after blanking is finished;
step two: machining a square window on the rotating ring by using a milling machine, machining an inner circle, an outer circle and the thickness by using a lathe, reserving a finish machining allowance of 5-10mm in the thickness direction, and machining the size of the square window according to a drawing;
step three: after rough machining, performing stress relief heat treatment, removing stress applied by a machine, putting the rotating ring on a flat plate during heat treatment, wherein the flatness of the flat plate is not more than 0.5mm, and the heat treatment temperature is lower than the performance heat treatment temperature;
step four: continuing to process the rotating ring, processing the laser quenching position, and performing reverse deformation treatment, wherein in detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the reverse deformation amount a is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the size b is 1.5-2.5 mm, and is specifically determined according to the size and the material of a workpiece;
step five: carrying out laser quenching on the local hardening position of the rotating ring, wherein the quenching parameters can ensure the hardness requirement of the product; the quenching sequence is inner and outer circle alternate quenching to reduce the quenching stress, the temperature between quenching layers is not higher than 40 ℃ to reduce the heat input quantity and reduce the welding deformation, and the workpiece is not rigidly fixed in the quenching process to release the quenching stress;
step six: carrying out stabilized structure heat treatment on the rotating ring, wherein the heat treatment temperature is generally 350-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 h;
step seven: carrying out vibration aging treatment on the rotating ring, further releasing stress generated by quenching, wherein the effect is carried out at a resonance point during vibration, and the quenching stress is released;
step eight: further lathe processing is carried out on the rotating ring, when a quenching position is processed, the low point of the quenching position is used as a reference for processing, the front side and the back side are uniformly remained, the rotating ring is turned over for multiple times, and the machine stress is controlled;
step nine: and after the machining is finished, carrying out size inspection, carrying out nondestructive testing on the quenching position, and inspecting the hardness of the quenching position.
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 3, the embodiment will be described, and the plate or the forging with good hardenability in the first step of the embodiment is 2Cr13 or 1Cr 13. So set up, the hardenability is good, makes the rotating ring have great hardness difference with self-lubricating alloy, the lubrication of being convenient for. Other components and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: in the first step of the present embodiment, a plasma cutting method or a water cutting method is respectively used for blanking of the rotating ring. Compared with a machining blanking method, the method saves cost. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first or second embodiments.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in the second step of the present embodiment, a square window is machined by a milling machine for rough machining of the rotating ring, and an inner circle, an outer circle and a thickness are machined by a lathe, and a finishing allowance of 5-10mm is left in the thickness direction. So set up, be convenient for with the actual size phase-match of rotating ring. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second or third embodiment.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, in which the rotating ring after rough machining is subjected to stress relief heat treatment between the second step and the third step, mechanical stress is removed, the rotating ring is placed on a flat plate during heat treatment, the flatness of the flat plate is not more than 0.5mm, and the heat treatment temperature is lower than the performance heat treatment temperature. So set up, be convenient for get rid of quick-witted stressing, guarantee follow-up finish machining precision. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as those in the first, second, third or fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: in the present embodiment, the stabilized structure heat treatment in step five of the present embodiment is followed by a temperature increase/decrease rate of not higher than 80 ℃/h, a temperature decrease to 200 ℃ and a tapping, which will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3. By such arrangement, the stabilization of the quenching structure and the removal of the quenching stress are facilitated. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth or fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the vibration time effect of the vibration aging treatment of the rotating ring in step six of the present embodiment proceeds at the resonance point. By the arrangement, quenching stress is convenient to remove, and subsequent finish machining precision is improved. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.
Example (b):
the method comprises the following steps: the raw material of the rotating ring is a forged piece of 2Cr13, the rotating ring is blanked by a water cutting method, a machining allowance is reserved during blanking, and shape correction processing is carried out after blanking is finished;
step two: after the shape correction is finished, machining a square window on the rotating ring by using a milling machine, machining an inner circle, an outer circle and the thickness by using a lathe, and reserving 5m) of finish machining allowance in the thickness direction, wherein the size of the square window is machined according to a drawing;
step three: performing stress relief heat treatment after rough machining, applying stress to a destroyer, putting a rotating ring on a flat plate during heat treatment, keeping the flatness of the flat plate to be 0.3mm, keeping the heat treatment temperature to be 640 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours, reducing the temperature to be not higher than 80 ℃/h, and discharging the flat plate after the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃;
step four: continuing to process the rotating ring, processing the laser quenching position, and performing reverse deformation treatment, specifically referring to fig. 2, wherein the reverse deformation amount a is 0.7mm, and the size of b is 2 mm;
step five: laser quenching is carried out on the local hardening position of the rotating ring, the quenching sequence is inner and outer circle alternate quenching to reduce the quenching stress, the temperature between other quenching layers is not higher than 40 ℃ to reduce the heat input quantity and the welding deformation, and the workpiece is not rigidly fixed in the quenching process to release the quenching stress;
step six: carrying out stabilized tissue heat treatment on the rotating ring, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 400 ℃, the heat preservation time is 6(h), the temperature rising and falling speed is not higher than 80 ℃/h, and discharging the rotating ring after the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃;
step seven: carrying out vibration aging treatment on the rotating ring, further releasing stress generated by quenching, wherein the effect is carried out at a resonance point during vibration, and the quenching stress is released;
step eight: further processing the rotating ring by a lathe, processing the quenching position by taking the low point of the quenching position as a reference, uniformly reserving the front side and the back side, turning over for multiple times, and controlling the machine stress;
step nine: after the machining is finished, carrying out size inspection, carrying out nondestructive testing on the quenching position, and inspecting the hardness of the quenching position;
finally, the rotating ring is manufactured according to the method, and the design and use requirements are met.
Claims (7)
1. A method for quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: blanking;
the rotating ring is made of a plate, a forging or a casting with good hardenability, and the rotating ring is blanked;
step two: roughly machining the rotating ring;
roughly machining the rotating ring, and then carrying out stress removal heat treatment to remove mechanical stress;
step three: carrying out reversible deformation processing on the rotating ring;
continuously processing the rotating ring, processing the laser quenching position, and carrying out reverse deformation treatment, wherein the reverse deformation amount a is 0.5-0.8 mm, and the size b is 2 mm;
step four: only carrying out local laser quenching on the rotating ring and the self-lubricating alloy position;
the quenching sequence is inner and outer circle alternate quenching, and the temperature between quenching layers is not higher than 40 ℃;
step five: carrying out stabilized structure heat treatment on the rotating ring, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 350-450 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 4-6 h;
step six: carrying out vibration aging treatment on the rotating ring, and further releasing stress generated by quenching;
step seven: further processing the rotating ring, processing the quenching position by taking the low point of the quenching tank as a reference, uniformly reserving the front and back surfaces, turning over for multiple times, and controlling the machine stress;
step eight: and after the machining is finished, carrying out size inspection, carrying out nondestructive testing on the quenching position, inspecting the hardness of the quenching position, and finishing the quenching of the rotating ring after the detection is finished.
2. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the plate and the forge piece with good hardenability in the step one are 2Cr13 or 1Cr 13.
3. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 2, wherein: in the first step, a plasma cutting method or a water cutting method is respectively adopted for blanking of the rotating ring.
4. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 3, wherein: and in the second step, a milling machine is adopted to process the square window for the rough machining of the rotating ring, a lathe is adopted to process the inner circle, the outer circle and the thickness, and a finish machining allowance of 5-10mm is reserved in the thickness direction.
5. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 4, wherein: and (3) performing stress relief heat treatment on the rotating ring after rough machining between the second step and the third step, removing mechanical stress, putting the rotating ring on a flat plate during heat treatment, wherein the flatness of the flat plate is not more than 0.5mm, and the heat treatment temperature is lower than the performance heat treatment temperature.
6. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein: and fifthly, after the stabilized tissue is subjected to heat treatment, the temperature rising and falling speed is not higher than 80 ℃/h, and the temperature is reduced to 200 ℃ and then the product is discharged.
7. The method of quenching a rotating ring for a steam turbine according to claim 6, wherein: and the vibration time effect of the vibration aging treatment of the rotating ring in the step six is carried out at a resonance point.
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| CN201910548550.XA CN110229953B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Quenching method of rotating ring for steam turbine |
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| CN201910548550.XA CN110229953B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Quenching method of rotating ring for steam turbine |
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| CN102808077A (en) * | 2012-09-16 | 2012-12-05 | 江麓机电集团有限公司 | Thin-wall gear ring type part quenching method for keeping accuracy level |
| CN106048388B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-02-05 | 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 | A method of improving 1Cr13 impact property |
| CN108034803A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-15 | 山东能源重装集团大族再制造有限公司 | A kind of method for controlling sheet deformation |
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Effective date of registration: 20221221 Address after: 150000 building 3, high tech production base, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: HARBIN TURBINE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: HADIAN POWER EQUIPMENT NATIONAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER CO.,LTD. Address before: 150046 No. three power road 345, Xiangfang District, Heilongjiang, Harbin Patentee before: HARBIN TURBINE Co.,Ltd. |
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