CN110082342B - Method and device for measuring concentration of combustion flow field substance component by using laser spectrum - Google Patents
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000911 femtosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to the measurement of the concentration of the combustion flow field material components, in order to realize the accurate measurement of the concentration of the multi-component, real-time, on-line and accurate one-dimensional components, the spatial resolution is good; the measuring range is wide. The method and the device for measuring the concentration of the components of the combustion flow field substance by using the laser spectrum utilize a femtosecond laser self-focusing filamentation effect, lead the filaments into the combustion flow field with known component concentration, interact with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emit spectral lines, the spectral lines are recorded and transmitted to a computer by an ICCD camera with an image enhancement function through spectrometer light splitting, and the relationship between the component concentration information and the equivalence ratio and the spectral line intensity ratio is obtained to obtain a calibration curve; and then introducing the plasma filament into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field, emitting spectral lines, and comparing with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field. The invention is mainly applied to the measurement of the concentration of the material components in the combustion flow field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combustion flow field substance component concentration measuring technology, in particular to a method for measuring the combustion flow field substance component concentration by using laser spectrum.
Background
The composition of the material in the flow field and the corresponding concentration of the composition are important parameters for studying the motion of the flow field. For a combustion flow field, the component concentration and the fuel-air equivalent ratio (the actual mass ratio of the fuel to the oxidant divided by the mass ratio of the fuel to the oxidant during complete combustion) in the combustion process are important parameters in a mixed gas system, and the real-time accurate acquisition of the component concentration and the equivalent ratio has important significance for researching the premixing, diffusion, ignition, simulation analysis and the like of the mixed gas. Currently, there are mainly non-optical means and optical means for measuring the component concentrations and equivalence ratios of flow field materials.
Non-optical measurement means include direct measurement of the ratio of fuel to oxidant and measurement of the gas composition of the exhaust. When a direct measurement method is adopted, a relatively large error is caused under the condition that the consumption of fuel is not large. And the tail gas measurement method needs additional devices such as a gas sensor and an analyzer, and is expensive. And the above method cannot measure and obtain the concentration information of different positions of the flow field in real time. The laser diagnosis technology is used as a non-intrusive optical means, has the advantages of no interference, high resolution, high precision, visualization and the like, and increasingly becomes one of important means for researching the component distribution and concentration of the combustion flow field.
The main methods for measuring the component concentration and the equivalence ratio of the combustion flow field by an optical means include Raman scattering [1] and the like, Laser Induced Fluorescence [2] (LIF), Tunable semiconductor Laser Absorption Spectroscopy [3] (Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy, TDLAS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy [4] (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS). When the concentration is measured by adopting a Raman scattering method, the signal-to-noise ratio is not very high, the sensitivity is poor, and a laser is required to provide higher power for realizing better measurement effect. When the concentration of the combustion field is measured by adopting the laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy technology, the quantitative calibration is affected by the problems of incident light energy attenuation, fluorescence quenching and the like, and the strict requirement is imposed on the output wavelength of the laser. There are two methods for measuring by using tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy: direct absorption spectrometry and wavelength modulation spectrometry. The direct absorption spectrum measurement method has a small signal-to-noise ratio, is greatly influenced by system noise and external factors, cannot realize accurate adjustment of a reference signal when the gas pressure is high or the gas absorbance is low, and can cause large measurement errors; the wavelength modulation spectrum measurement method needs a complex calibration process and depends on a plurality of parameters, and the parameters can affect the calibration accuracy.
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is an atomic spectroscopy technique. The method utilizes high-intensity pulse laser to focus to generate transient plasma, and obtains the composition and concentration information of substances by analyzing the positions and signal intensities of atomic and ion emission spectrum lines in the plasma. The method has the advantages of simple experimental system, high analysis speed, high sensitivity and lower requirements on the laser, and can realize accurate measurement of multiple components in real time, on line and in situ. However, the traditional laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology uses nanosecond laser, and the nanosecond laser can form a point after being focused by a focusing lens, so the nanosecond laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology can only realize zero-dimensional point measurement, the spatial resolution is not high during measurement, and the interference of bremsstrahlung laser during measurement exists.
[1] Liu Jian Sheng, Liu Jing Ru, the component concentration and temperature [ J ] of the combustion field are measured by Raman scattering, 2000,20(9): 1263-.
[2] This invention relates to a planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging device and a method for obtaining the spatial distribution of OH concentration using the same [ P ]. black longjiang: CN103344619A,2013-10-09.
[3] An online multi-component gas concentration detection system [ J ] based on TDLAS technology, instrument technology and sensor, 2017(03):73-77.
[4]Kiefer J,Li Z,Alden M.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy in a partially premixed turbulent jet flame[J].Measurement Science and Technology,2013,24(7):075205。
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring the concentration of the substance component in the combustion flow field, which has high signal intensity, small noise interference and better signal-to-noise ratio during measurement; the invention can realize the accurate measurement of the concentration of multi-component, real-time, on-line and accurate one-dimensional components, and has good spatial resolution; in addition, the invention can be applied to the measurement of the concentration of one-dimensional components in laminar flow and turbulent flow, and has wide measurement range. The method comprises the following steps of measuring the component concentration of a combustion flow field substance by using a laser spectrum, introducing a filament into the combustion flow field with known component concentration by using a femtosecond laser self-focusing filament forming effect, enabling the filament to interact with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emit spectral lines, recording and transmitting the spectral lines to a computer through an ICCD (Integrated Charge-Coupled Detector and Charge-Injection Detector) camera with an image enhancement function by means of light splitting of a spectrometer, analyzing and processing data in real time by the computer to obtain the component concentration information and the relation between an equivalence ratio and a spectral line intensity ratio, and obtaining a calibration curve, namely a calibration process; and then, in the measurement process, introducing the plasma wire into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emitting spectral lines, splitting light by a spectrometer, recording by an ICCD camera and transmitting to a computer, analyzing and processing the data in real time by the computer to obtain a spectral line intensity ratio, and comparing the spectral line intensity ratio with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
The device for measuring the concentration of the combustion flow field material components by using laser spectrum comprises a femtosecond laser, a spectrometer, an ICCD camera and a computer; the femtosecond laser generates laser with self-focusing filamentation effect, the silk is introduced into the burning flow field with known component concentration, and interacts with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emits spectral line, the spectral line is recorded and transmitted to a computer by an ICCD (Integrated Charge-Coupled Detector and Charge-Injection Detector) camera with image enhancement function through the light splitting of the spectrometer, the computer carries out real-time analysis and processing on the data, the relation between the component concentration information and the equivalence ratio and the intensity ratio of the spectral line is obtained, and a calibration curve is obtained, namely the calibration process; and then, in the measurement process, introducing the plasma wire into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emitting spectral lines, splitting light by a spectrometer, recording by an ICCD camera and transmitting to a computer, analyzing and processing the data in real time by the computer to obtain a spectral line intensity ratio, and comparing the spectral line intensity ratio with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes femtosecond laser breakdown spectroscopy technology to realize the measurement of the component concentration and the equivalence ratio of the combustion flow field, the method has the characteristics of non-invasion, strong sensitivity and the like, compared with other optical methods for measuring the concentration distribution and the equivalence ratio of the combustion component, the method also has the advantages of high spatial resolution, simple quantitative calibration process and the like, can realize the accurate measurement of the one-dimensional component concentration in multi-component, real-time, on-line and accurate manner, and can also be applied to the measurement of complex environments such as laminar flow, turbulent flow and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combustion flow field concentration measuring apparatus.
The figure shows that the measurement system of the method is divided into 5 parts, and the names and the function profiles of the parts are as follows:
1 femtosecond laser as the light source of the measuring system;
2 a computer for storing and processing data;
3, a spectrometer for splitting the collected optical signal;
4ICCD camera, capture the spectral signal of the luminescence, image;
and 5, measuring the flow field.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to the technical field of laser spectroscopy and the field of combustion diagnosis, in particular to a method for obtaining one-dimensional component concentration and equivalence ratio information of a combustion flow field by using a femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology.
The invention belongs to an optical method for measuring the concentration of combustion flow field components, and aims to solve the problems that the existing optical method for measuring the concentration of some substances has large noise interference and insufficient spatial resolution during measurement. The invention has high signal strength, less noise interference and better signal-to-noise ratio during measurement; the invention can realize the accurate measurement of the concentration of multi-component, real-time, on-line and accurate one-dimensional components, and has good spatial resolution; in addition, the invention can be applied to the measurement of the concentration of one-dimensional components in laminar flow and turbulent flow, and has wide measurement range.
The invention mainly utilizes the femtosecond laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology to realize the measurement of the component concentration and the equivalence ratio of the combustion flow field. The femtosecond laser forms a plasma line after being focused by the focusing lens, the plasma acts with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emits spectral lines, the positions and the signal intensity of the spectral lines can reflect the composition and the concentration information of substances, and the component concentration and the equivalence ratio information of the flow field can be obtained by recording the information of the emission lines by using a spectrometer. The method can realize the measurement of the one-dimensional concentration information of the flow field, has good spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be applied to the measurement of laminar and turbulent flow fields.
The invention obtains the concentration information of the components of the flow field by recording the position and the intensity information of the emission spectrum generated by the action of the plasma formed by the focusing of the femtosecond laser and the substances in the combustion flow field.
The measuring device of the invention consists of a femtosecond laser, a spectrometer, an ICCD camera and a computer.
The measuring method of the invention is carried out according to the following steps: the femtosecond laser has a self-focusing filamentation effect, the filaments are introduced into a combustion flow field with known component concentration, interact with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emit spectral lines, the spectral lines are split by a spectrometer and are recorded by an ICCD camera and transmitted to a computer, the computer analyzes and processes data in real time to obtain component concentration information and the relation between the equivalence ratio and the intensity ratio of the spectral lines, and a calibration curve is obtained, namely the calibration process. And then, in the measurement process, introducing the plasma wire into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emitting spectral lines, splitting light by a spectrometer, recording by an ICCD camera and transmitting to a computer, analyzing and processing the data in real time by the computer to obtain a spectral line intensity ratio, and comparing the spectral line intensity ratio with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
The working principle is as follows: and introducing an optical fiber formed by the self-focusing of the femtosecond laser into the combustion flow field to be detected. Plasma generated by laser focusing interacts with the mixed gas and emits spectral line signals containing molecular atom and ion information. The principle of the signal generation is that molecules in the mixed gas are dissociated and excited to an upper energy level by the femtosecond laser focused plasma, then, part of atoms are mutually combined, particles of the upper energy level jump downwards to radiate spectral lines with specific wavelengths, the spectral line intensity is in positive correlation with the number of corresponding particles, and therefore the concentration of corresponding components can be obtained by utilizing the ratio of the spectral line intensity. The obtained scattered light signals are subjected to light splitting by using a spectrometer, the position and intensity information of spectral lines of the spectrum is recorded by using an ICCD camera, the obtained data is transmitted to a computer, and the spectrum is analyzed and processed by using an MATLAB software programming program in the computer, so that the component concentration and the equivalence ratio of a combustion flow field can be obtained in real time.
The method of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 1.
Firstly, the calibration process is as follows: laser generated by the femtosecond laser 1 is filamentized into a flow field 5 to be detected through self-focusing; and the scattered light signals are interacted with mixed gas in a combustion flow field with known component concentration to emit scattered light signals, the position and intensity information of a spectral line is recorded by an ICCD camera 4 after the scattered light signals are subjected to light splitting by a spectrometer 3, data are input into a computer 2, the computer 2 analyzes and processes the collected signals through an edited data analysis program to obtain the relationship between the component concentration and equivalence ratio of the combustion flow field and the spectral line intensity ratio, and a calibration curve is obtained.
This is followed by a measurement procedure: laser generated by the femtosecond laser 1 is filamentized into a flow field 5 to be detected through self-focusing; and the scattered light signals are interacted with mixed gas in a combustion flow field to be detected to emit scattered light signals, the position and intensity information of a spectral line is recorded by an ICCD camera 4 after the scattered light signals are subjected to light splitting by a spectrometer 3, data are input into a computer 2, the computer 2 analyzes and processes the collected signals through an edited data analysis program to obtain a ratio of the spectral line intensity, and the ratio is compared with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional component concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
Claims (2)
1. A method for measuring the concentration of a substance in a combustion flow field by using a laser spectrum is characterized in that a femtosecond laser self-focusing filamentation effect is used, a filament is introduced into the combustion flow field with known component concentration, interacts with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emits a spectral line, the spectral line is subjected to light splitting by a spectrometer, is recorded by an ICCD (Integrated Charge-Coupled Detector and Charge-Injection Detector) camera with an image enhancement function and is transmitted to a computer, the computer performs real-time analysis and processing on the data to obtain the component concentration information and the relation between an equivalence ratio and a spectral line intensity ratio, and a calibration curve is obtained, namely the calibration process; and then, in the measurement process, introducing the plasma wire into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emitting spectral lines, splitting light by a spectrometer, recording by an ICCD camera and transmitting to a computer, analyzing and processing the data in real time by the computer to obtain a spectral line intensity ratio, and comparing the spectral line intensity ratio with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
2. A device for measuring the concentration of combustion flow field material components by using laser spectrum is characterized by comprising a femtosecond laser, a spectrometer, an ICCD camera and a computer; the femtosecond laser generates laser with self-focusing filamentation effect, the silk is introduced into the burning flow field with known component concentration, and interacts with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emits spectral line, the spectral line is recorded and transmitted to a computer by an ICCD (Integrated Charge-Coupled Detector and Charge-Injection Detector) camera with image enhancement function through the light splitting of the spectrometer, the computer carries out real-time analysis and processing on the data, the relation between the component concentration information and the equivalence ratio and the intensity ratio of the spectral line is obtained, and a calibration curve is obtained, namely the calibration process; and then, in the measurement process, introducing the plasma wire into the combustion flow field to be measured, interacting with molecules and atoms in the flow field and emitting spectral lines, splitting light by a spectrometer, recording by an ICCD camera and transmitting to a computer, analyzing and processing the data in real time by the computer to obtain a spectral line intensity ratio, and comparing the spectral line intensity ratio with a calibration curve to obtain one-dimensional concentration distribution and equivalence ratio information of the combustion flow field.
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| CN112945935B (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-12-09 | 西安交通大学 | Spray local equivalence ratio measuring system and method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy |
| CN113533290B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2023-03-21 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | High-enthalpy flow field atomic concentration calibration system and method |
| CN115224575A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-10-21 | 吉林大学 | Method for realizing remote controllable femtosecond laser filament ignition by utilizing telescope focusing system |
| CN118168751A (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-06-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Spatially resolved combustion flow field sensing measurement device and method |
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