CN110051832B - Heartworm disease vaccine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and discloses a heartworm disease vaccine which comprises heartworm small heat shock protein and an immunologic adjuvant. The vaccine takes the small heartworm heat shock protein as immunogen and is supplemented with immunologic adjuvant, and related experimental results show that the small heartworm heat shock protein can be identified by dog serum naturally infected with heartworm disease, rabbit anti-IgG prepared from the small heartworm heat shock protein can identify the small heartworm heat shock protein, and the immune dog can maintain the antibody level for a long time and has good immunogenicity and reactogenicity; meanwhile, the protein shows extremely high sensitivity and specificity in an indirect ELISA method, and various results prove that the small heat shock protein of the heartworm has the potential of developing a vaccine for the heartworm disease.

Description

Heartworm disease vaccine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a heartworm disease vaccine.

Background

Heartworm disease is an entomogenous parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes. Dirofilaria immitis (Dirofilaria immitis) is mainly parasitic in pulmonary artery and right ventricle of dog and cat, and the adult Dirofilaria immitis parasitic in pulmonary artery can cause host angiopathy and pulmonary hypertension. At present, the prevention and control of the animal heartworm disease at home and abroad mainly adopts the drug prevention measure, namely, the disease is prevented by administering a prevention dose of macrolide drugs. Animals in endemic areas are generally protected from 8 weeks of age by the addition of drugs to their diet. The main preventive drugs commonly used are: ivermectin (ivermectin), milbemycin (milbemycin), selamectin (selamectin), and the like. The macrolide medicines are widely applied to the prevention of the heartworm disease for a long time and play an important role in the prevention of the heartworm disease. However, since the long-term use of low doses of macrolide drugs can induce the development of drug resistance to heartworm, finding of macrolide drug-resistant worm strains of heartworm has been reported many times worldwide to date. Researches find that the single nucleotide polymorphic site of the P glycoprotein of the dirofilaria immitis microfilaria is related to the reduction of the sensitivity of macrolide medicines, and the mutation of the P glycoprotein gene has obvious correlation with the generation of ivermectin resistance. Meanwhile, the gene of the P glycoprotein (Dim-pgp-11) of the B subfamily of the heartworm ABC transporter family is also found to be closely related to the reduction of the drug effect of ivermectin. The mechanism of resistance of macrolide drugs is related to the decrease of the drug concentration at the receptor site by the ABC transporter family of worms, wherein the B, C, G subfamilies can actively pump the drug out of the cell, resulting in multi-drug resistance (MDR).

Under the global warming large environment, the spreading speed of the heartworm disease is gradually increased. With the development of drug resistance of heartworm to macrolide drugs, there is a great risk of drug prophylaxis. Therefore, the vaccine can prevent the generation of the heartworm disease from the early stage, and how to put forward the immunogen with the potential of developing the heartworm disease vaccine has important practical significance for preventing and controlling the heartworm disease.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a heartworm disease vaccine, which uses heartworm small heat shock protein (Di-shsp12.6) as an immunogen, and can not only produce high antibody level for a long time, but also identify the heartworm small heat shock protein by rabbit anti-IgG prepared from the heartworm small heat shock protein, thereby satisfying the requirements of immunogenicity and reactogenicity as a vaccine.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a vaccine for the disease of heartworm contains the small heat shock protein of heartworm and immunoadjuvant.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the heartworm small heat shock protein is 100-; the immunological adjuvant is Freund's incomplete adjuvant, Freund's complete adjuvant or saponin, wherein the concentration of the Freund's incomplete adjuvant and the Freund's complete adjuvant is 200 mug/mL, and the concentration of the saponin is 3-6 mug/mL, preferably 5 mug/mL.

In this context, the heartworm small heat shock protein may be non-natural, e.g., synthetic or expressed from an artificial vector (commonly referred to as recombinant protein rDi-sHSP12.6 in the art). The term "non-natural" means that the target substance is not naturally occurring in nature, which does not preclude the non-natural substance from having the same structure and/or composition as the naturally occurring substance.

In nematodes, 14 small heat shock proteins (shsps) have been found, and can be divided into 6 groups according to their molecular masses: sHSP12s (including HSP12.1, HSP12.2, HSP12.3, and HSP12.6), sHSP16s (HSP16.1, HSP16.2, HSP16.41, HSP16.48, and newly discovered F08H9.3, F08H9.4), HSP25, HSP43, HSP17.5, and stress-induced protein-1 (SIP-1) have been shown to be able to not only maintain the spatial conformation of proteins necessary for cells under stress conditions, protect vital cell activities to maintain cell survival, but also play an important role in basic functions such as protein folding, transmembrane transport, body immunity, apoptosis, cytoskeleton, and nuclear scaffold stabilization. At present, no report is found on the relevant research of the small heat shock protein (Di-sHSP12.6) of the heartworm in the heartworm disease.

The invention obtains the recombinant Dirofilaria immitis small heat shock protein (rDi-sHSP12.6, which has completely the same amino acid sequence with Di-sHSP12.6, as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1) by prokaryotic expression, and carries out the establishment of immunoblotting, ELISA and early diagnosis method. The immunoblotting result shows that the rabbit anti-IgG prepared from the recombinant protein rDi-sHSP12.6 can identify the recombinant protein rDi-sHSP12.6, and the recombinant protein rDi-sHSP12.6 can be identified by the serum of a dog naturally infected with heartworm disease, but cannot be identified by the serum of a healthy dog, which indicates that the small heartworm heat shock protein has good immunogenicity and reactogenicity.

The indirect ELISA results showed that using rDi-sHSP12.6 protein to detect 24 positive and 24 negative heartworm sera, the results showed that OD450 of 22 positive sera > cut-off value, OD450 of 2 positive sera and 24 negative sera < cut-off value (0.699), and the sensitivity of the method was evaluated to be 91.6% (22/24); meanwhile, the method does not have cross reaction with echinococcus granulosus positive serum, echinococcus tercaria positive serum and ancylostoma caninum positive serum (18 parts in total), only 2 parts of 18 detected toxocara canis positive serum have slight cross reaction, and the specificity of the method is evaluated to be 91.6% (34/36); in conclusion, rDi-sHSP12.6 has higher sensitivity and specificity and low cross-reaction rate.

In addition, the recombinant rDi-sHSP12.6+ immunoadjuvant is adopted to immunize dogs (6 dogs), the result shows that the antibody reaches the peak value after 2 weeks of immunization, the antibody level in dogs still keeps higher after 3 months of immunization, and the immunoblotting and indirect ELISA results show that the heartworm small heat shock protein has the potential of developing vaccines.

According to the technical scheme, the invention provides the heartworm disease vaccine which takes the small heartworm heat shock protein as immunogen and is supplemented with immunologic adjuvant, and related experimental results show that the small heartworm heat shock protein can be identified by dog serum naturally infected with heartworm disease, rabbit anti-IgG prepared from the small heartworm heat shock protein can identify the small heartworm heat shock protein, the antibody level can be maintained for a long time after the dogs are immunized, and the vaccine has good immunogenicity and reactogenicity; meanwhile, the protein shows extremely high sensitivity and specificity in an indirect ELISA method, and various results prove that the small heat shock protein of the heartworm has the potential of developing a vaccine for the heartworm disease.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows PCR amplification of the Di-sHSP12.6 gene; wherein M is DNA molecular mass standard (DL 2000); 1-4: Di-sHSP12.6PCR product;

FIG. 2 shows the double restriction enzyme identification of the recombinant plasmid pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6; wherein, M: DNA molecular mass standard (DL 2000); 1-4: the double enzyme digestion product of pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6;

FIG. 3 shows the expression of recombinant Di-sHSP12.6 protein; wherein, M: protein molecular mass standard; 1: IPTG induced E.coli without pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6; 2-4: IPTG induced E.coli containing pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6;

FIG. 4 shows solubility analysis of rDi-sHSP 12.6; wherein, M: protein molecular mass standard; 1: dissolving 8M urea; 2: 4M urea is dissolved; 3: 2M urea is dissolved; 4: supernatant fluid;

FIG. 5 shows expression, purification and immunoblot analysis of rDi-sHSP 12.6; wherein, 1: IPTG induced E.coli not containing recombinant pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6; 2: IPTG induced E.coli harboring recombinant pET32a (+) -sHSP12.6; 3: IgG of rabbit anti-rDi-sHSP12.6 after nickel column purification; 4: rDi-sHSP12.6 purified by a nickel column; 5: the dog positive serum of the natural infection heartworm is specifically identified rDi-sHSP12.6; 6: the rabbit anti-rDi-sHSP 12.6 IgG after nickel column purification recognizes rDi-sHSP 12.6; 7: healthy negative dog sera recognized rDi-sHSP12.6;

FIG. 6 shows indirect immunofluorescence localization of female and male Dirofilaria immitis cross-section Di-sHSP12.6 protein; wherein, I: a bowel; UT: the uterus; TE: a testis; MU: a muscle; HY: a lateral cable; PS: a prosthetic cavity; scale bar: 200 mu m; a and B are female insects; c, D is male worm; note: the green fluorescence area is the approximate position of protein distribution;

FIG. 7 shows an indirect ELISA (specificity) of the recombinant protein rDi-sHSP 12.6;

FIG. 8 shows an indirect ELISA (sensitivity) of the recombinant protein rDi-sHSP 12.6;

FIG. 9 shows the result of detecting the antibody level of rDi-sHSP12.6 immunized dogs; wherein, 1: pre-immune serum; 2-8: post-immunization sera (blood collected every 15 days).

Detailed Description

The invention discloses a heartworm disease vaccine, which can be realized by appropriately improving process parameters by the technical personnel in the field by referring to the content. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications which would be obvious to one skilled in the art are deemed to be included in the invention. The vaccines of the present invention have been described by way of example, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the techniques of the present invention may be implemented and applied by modifying or appropriately modifying or combining the vaccines described herein without departing from the spirit, scope and content of the present invention.

The invention amplifies the coding sequence of the Dirofilaria immitis small heat shock protein (Di-sHSP12.6) from cDNA by extracting the total RNA of the body of the Dirofilaria immitis imago and carrying out reverse transcription to obtain the cDNA. After T cloning, the amplified product is introduced into an expression vector in an enzyme digestion connection mode, and prokaryotic expression is carried out by using escherichia coli to obtain the recombinant rDi-sHSP12.6.

In experiments of a specific embodiment, all experimental animals were treated strictly according to the "animal protection law of the people's republic of china" (draft published on 9/18 th in 2009). All procedures were carried out strictly in accordance with the "guidelines for animal Care by the animal ethics Committee of the university of Sichuan agriculture" (China, Yaan; approval No.: 2013-. All methods are performed according to relevant criteria and specifications, including any relevant details.

The heartworm is from a naturally infected and autopsy dog in Sichuan province, and the heartworm is separated from the heart of the dog, washed by PBS, and morphologically identified as the heartworm by referring to relevant literature data. The heartworm disease positive serum is collected from positive dogs naturally infected with heartworm in Sichuan province. Serum for cross-reactivity was taken from dogs undergoing stool examination or autopsy after natural death (blood was taken before death); the negative serum is collected from 3-month-old beagle dogs (experiment special dogs) which are treated by expelling parasites in vivo and in vitro in spring.

The experimental animals are 2 healthy New Zealand rabbits which are female and about 3 months old, and 1.5-2.0 kg of the experimental animals are purchased from Soyoto Shuoguo, Inc.

Strains and plasmids: e.coli DH5 α, E.coli BL21(DE3) from Tiangen; TaKaRa pMD19-T Vector, available from Dalibao bioengineering, Inc.; prokaryotic expression vector pET32a (+), purchased from Invitrogen.

The following further describes a heartworm disease vaccine provided by the present invention.

Example 1: gene amplification

1. Extraction of Dirofilaria immitis total RNA

Pre-preparing a mortar pre-cooled at-80 ℃, taking the adult heartworm (about 20mg) out of liquid nitrogen, shearing, adding a little liquid nitrogen, fully grinding, extracting total RNA of the heartworm according to the indication of a reagent kit for extracting RNA of the tissue of the rhizomatodes, and storing at-80 ℃.

2. Synthesis of the first strand of cDNA

The extracted total RNA of the heartworm is used as a template, OligodT (18) is used as a primer, and the first strand of the cDNA is synthesized according to the indication of a reverse transcription kit of Thermo company.

3. Design and Synthesis of primers

With reference to the nucleotide sequence of the brugia malayi sHSP12.6 in NCBI (gb: XM-001900555.1), primers were designed using Primerpromiere 5.0, with the restriction sites underlined (BamHI and Xho I):

Di-sHSP12.6 upstream primer (F): CGGATCCATGGAAGAAAAGGTAGTGGA

Di-sHSP12.6 downstream primer (R): CGAGCTCTCATGCTTTCTTTTTGGC

4. Amplification procedure and system

PCR amplification is carried out by taking the heartworm cDNA as a substrate template. The amplification procedure is shown in Table 1, and the amplification system is shown in Table 2:

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

5. Product recovery

And (3) carrying out nucleic acid gel electrophoresis on the products, and comparing whether the sizes of the bands are correct or not under a gel imaging system. Then cutting the target strip under an ultraviolet lamp, and carrying out DNA recovery on the target strip according to a gel recovery kit of Tiangen biotechnology company, and storing at-20 ℃.

6. Amplification and basic physicochemical Properties of the Di-sHSP12.6 Gene

A band of about 340bp is amplified by using the heartworm cDNA as a template (figure 1, lanes 1-4), and sequencing results of the biological engineering limited company show that the sequence has 100 percent of homology with the sequence in NCBI.

The Di-sHSP12.6 gene amplified by the invention has the length of 342bp, and through amino acid sequence analysis, 113 amino acids are coded (the last 3 basic groups are stop codons and do not code amino acids), the molecular weight is 13052.71, and the molecular formula is presumed to be C₅₇₅H₉₁₀N₁₆₂O₁₇₉S₃ProtParam predicts that the Di-sHSP12.6 protein contains mainly Val, Thr, Lys and Asp. The result of signal peptide analysis shows that the Di-sHSP12.6 has no signal peptide, and the prediction of a transmembrane region shows that the Di-sHSP12.6 is positioned in an extracellular region.

Example 2: cloning and identification

1. Connection of

The recovered DNA fragment of the target band was ligated with pMD19-T vector overnight (not more than 16h) at 16 ℃ in the system shown in Table 3:

TABLE 3

2. Transformation of

And (3) taking out 8 mu L of the connected product, placing the product in a 1mL EP tube, adding 30 mu L of coliDH5 alpha competent cells, gently mixing the cells by using a microsyringe, carrying out ice bath for 30min, carrying out water bath at 42 ℃ for 90s, and carrying out ice bath for 5 min. Adding 600 μ LLB liquid culture medium into EP tube, culturing at 37 deg.C and 180r/min for 1.5h, inoculating 100 μ L bacterial liquid onto solid culture medium containing Ampicillin (AMP) resistance, and culturing at 37 deg.C in constant temperature incubator for 12 h.

3. Sequencing identification

Selecting a normal form, inoculating the dispersed single colony in a 1mLLB liquid culture medium (containing 1 mu LAMP), culturing for 6h at 37 ℃ in an environment of 180r/min, carrying out PCR identification on a bacterial liquid to determine whether a band with the size of a target fragment can be amplified, and taking 400 mu L of the bacterial liquid with the size of the target fragment to send the bacterial liquid to a biological engineering limited company for sequencing. The PCR reaction system of the bacterial liquid is shown in Table 4:

TABLE 4

Example 3: construction of expression vectors

1. Extraction of plasmids

And (3) performing amplification culture on the bacterial liquid with the correct sequencing in the example 2, extracting the Di-sHSP12.6 plasmid according to the specification of the Tiangen plasmid miniprep kit, and finally sucking 5 mu L of the mixed 5 mu Lloadingbuffer for performing check gel electrophoresis to detect the purity of the plasmid.

2. Digestion recovery of target gene plasmid and expression vector plasmid

The objective gene plasmid and the plasmid of expression vector pET32a (+) obtained by the method of 2.3.1 were digested with the same Takara quick-cutting enzyme to obtain the same cohesive ends. Di-sHSP12.6 and pET32a (+) expression vector plasmids were cleaved with (BamH I and Sac I) fast-cutting enzymes. The digested DNA fragments of the objective gene plasmid and the expression vector plasmid were recovered by gel extraction as described in example 1.

3. Target gene connection expression vector

The DNA fragments recovered in 2 were respectively taken and ligated with T4 ligase to construct pET32a (+) -recombinant protein expression vector plasmid. After transient centrifugation, ligation was performed in a PCR apparatus at 22 ℃ for 2 h. The transformation was carried out as in example 2.

4. Double enzyme digestion identification of recombinant plasmid

Obtaining recombinant plasmids according to the method in 1, carrying out double enzyme digestion on the recombinant plasmids by using corresponding fast-cutting enzymes respectively, and carrying out nucleic acid gel electrophoresis to determine that the target genes are connected to the expression vector. 400. mu.L of the determined bacterial solution was sequenced by BioProducer Biometrics Ltd.

The recombinant plasmid was enzymatically excised from the plasmid as a fragment of the desired gene size, as determined by nucleic acid gel electrophoresis, and the results were identical to those expected (FIG. 2). Transferring the recombinant Di-sHSP12.6 plasmid into BL21 escherichia coli, screening by an AMP-resistant plate, selecting a single colony with a regular morphology for colony PCR identification, sending positive bacteria to a biological company Limited for sequencing, wherein the sequencing sequence is the same as the target gene sequence, and the success of constructing an expression vector is indicated.

Example 4: prokaryotic expression of proteins

(1) The bacterial solution with the correct sequence in example 2 was subjected to scale-up culture, and a recombinant plasmid was obtained in the same manner as in example 3.

(2) Place 10. mu.L of plasmid in a 1mL EP tube, add 50. mu.L of coliBL21 competent cells, mix gently with a microsyringe, ice-bathe for 30min, water bath at 42 ℃ for 90s, and ice-bathe for 5 min. Adding 600 μ LLB liquid culture medium into EP tube, culturing at 37 deg.C and 180r/min for 1.5h, inoculating 150 μ L bacterial liquid onto benzyl-containing (AMP) -resistant solid culture medium, and culturing in 37 deg.C incubator for 12 h.

(3) The PCR identification was performed according to the method described in example 2, and the bacterial solution that was positive in the PCR identification was subjected to 5mL scale-up culture, cultured at 37 ℃ at 180r/min until the OD value became 0.6, and then the inducer IPTG (1mmol/L) was added for induction for 6 hours, and the other bottle was used as a blank without IPTG.

(4) Taking 1mL of induced bacterial liquid, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 1min at 12000r/min, collecting thalli precipitates, adding 40 mu L of LddH2O and 10 mu L of 5 xSDS sample Buffer, and mixing uniformly.

(5) Heating in boiling water for 10min, centrifuging at 4 deg.C for 1min at 12000r/min, and collecting appropriate amount of supernatant for SDS-PAGE.

(6) Taking off the PAGE gel, placing into a container containing Coomassie brilliant blue staining agent, staining for about 30min, decolorizing in boiling water for 10min, and observing the result under gel imaging system.

SDS-PAGE showed about 30kDa (Di-sHSP12.6 size about 12kDa, His tag size about 18kDa) (FIG. 3).

Example 5: solubility analysis of recombinant proteins

Successfully expressed bacteria were inoculated into 1LLB liquid medium (containing AMP 100. mu.g/mL), cultured at 37 ℃ and 180r/min for 3h, and induced by adding 10mL of PTG when OD is 0.6. All the bacterial solutions were centrifuged at 12000r/min at 4 ℃ for 10min, the supernatant was discarded and the remaining cells were retained, 10mL (50mmol/L) of Tris-HCl was used to lyse the cell walls, and the suspension was placed in an ice-water mixture and the cells were disrupted by sonication. Centrifugation was carried out at 12000r/min at 4 ℃ for 10min, and the supernatant was sampled in accordance with the method described in example 4. The precipitates were dissolved in gradient urea, and the supernatant was collected by centrifugation as described in example 4. The obtained sample was subjected to SDS-PAGE, and then imaged on a gel imaging system. The results showed that rDi-sHSP12.6 protein was all expressed in the supernatant (FIG. 4).

Example 6: purification of recombinant proteins

Successfully expressed bacteria are inoculated into a 1LLB liquid culture medium (containing AMP100 mu g/mL), cultured for 3h at 37 ℃ and 180r/min, and 10mL of TG is added for induction for 6h when OD is 0.6 to obtain recombinant protein bacteria liquid.

(1) Centrifuging all bacterial solutions at 4 ℃ and 12000r/min for 10min, removing supernatant, and retaining thalli.

(2) The cell walls were lysed with 10mL (50mmol/L) of Tris-HCl, and the suspension was then placed in an ice-water mixture and the cells were sonicated.

(3) Centrifuging at 12000r/min at 4 deg.C for 10min, and collecting supernatant.

(4) Washing the precipitate with 2mol/L, 4mol/L, 6mol/L and 8mol/L urea solution, centrifuging at 12000r/min at 4 deg.C for 10min, and collecting supernatant.

(5) The supernatant obtained above was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and placed in an ice-water mixture for further use.

(6) The BandingBuffer and the ElutionBuffer were filtered through a 0.22 μm filter and placed in an ice-water mixture with 20% alcohol for further use, and air bubbles were removed by sonication for 1-2min before use.

(7) The nickel ion affinity column was removed, attached to a protein purifier and 5-10 bed volumes were equilibrated with BandingBuffer.

(8) Protein injection, when BandingBuffer equilibrates 5-10 bed volumes, elution is started with 13%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of eluonbuffer (containing 400mM imidazole), respectively, and collection of protein samples is started when elution peaks appear.

(9) The ultrafiltration of the recombinant protein was carried out according to the method of use of an ultrafiltration tube, during which substitution of imidazole and other substances was carried out by adding PBS filtered through a 0.22 μm filter and sterilized.

(10) Measuring the protein concentration of the ultrafiltered protein by using an ultra-micro ultraviolet spectrophotometer, adding 1-2 drops of glycerol, and storing at-80 ℃ to ensure the stability of the protein.

The results showed that rDi-sHSP12.6 (FIG. 5, lane 4) protein was purified well.

Example 7: analysis of immunogenicity and reactogenicity of recombinant proteins

2.7.1 preparation of Rabbit anti-recombinant protein IgG

Adding equivalent Freund incomplete adjuvant or Freund complete adjuvant into the purified protein to make the final concentration of the protein 0.2mg/mL, and performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonication instrument to obtain water-in-oil emulsion (dropping into water for 1min without diffusion). The new zealand rabbits were immunized by subcutaneous injection in 4 times, the specific immunization program is shown in table 5:

TABLE 5

7 days after the fourth immunization, blood was collected from the marginal vein of the rabbit, and serum was separated and stored at-20 ℃.

2. Crude extraction of IgG

(1) 10mL of serum was added to 10mL of physiological saline, and then added dropwise (NH)₄)₂SO₄5mL of saturated solution (until flocculent precipitate is formed) is made to be 20% (NH)₄)₂SO₄Stirring the solution while adding, and standing for 30min

(2) Centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 3000r/min for 20min, and discarding the precipitate (removing fibrin).

(3) Adding 15mL (NH4)2SO4 saturated solution into the supernatant to make the solution reach 50% (NH)₄)₂SO₄Standing the solution for 30 min.

(4) Centrifuging at 4 deg.C and 3000r/min for 20min, and discarding the supernatant.

(5) The precipitate was fully dissolved in A2BangdingBuffer and purified on column.

3. Purification of IgG

(1) The purification column was mounted on the instrument in the correct procedure and the instrument tube was flushed with the first 20% alcohol until equilibrium.

(2) The column was equilibrated with A2BangdingBuffer until the ion lines were equilibrated.

(3) The crude IgG was injected into the instrument and the A2BangdingBuffer equilibration column was continued until the ion line equilibrated.

(4) Subsequently, the flow rate was controlled to be low after the elution peak by BBuffer, and the purified IgG sample was collected and immediately neutralized with Tris at PH around 8.0.

(5) Repeating the steps of (2) to (4) after repeating the sample adding and purifying.

(6) After purification, the instrument tube was filled with 20% alcohol until the ion line equilibrated.

(7) A small amount of purified IgG was sampled and verified by the method described in example 4.

The rabbit anti-r-Di-sHSP12.6 (figure 5, lane 3) protein IgG is prepared according to the method, and the rabbit anti-recombinant protein IgG is purified by nickel column affinity chromatography, so that the effect is good, and a heavy chain about 50KDa and a light chain about 25KDa are respectively generated.

4. Immunoblotting of Di-sHSP12.6 protein

(1) The recombinant protein was subjected to SDS-PAGE.

(2) Cutting off the excessive part of the gel, cutting 24 layers of filter paper (2 sheets) and nitrocellulose membrane (NC membrane), and placing in the membrane transfer buffer solution for balancing 3 times, each time for 5 min.

(3) And stacking the balanced gel, the filter paper and the NC membrane according to the order of the negative electrode plate, the filter paper, the gel, the NC membrane and the filter paper, and removing redundant air bubbles in the middle by using a glass rod.

(4) The anode plate was covered and the current was set at 1mA/cm2 for a total of 30 min.

(5) After the film transfer is finished, the gel is taken out and stained by Coomassie brilliant blue, and the film transfer efficiency is observed in a gel imaging system.

(6) The NC membrane was placed in a vessel and washed 3 times with TBST for 5min each.

(7) The container was sealed for 2h with 5% skim milk powder and primary antibody (heartworm positive serum or prepared rabbit anti-IgG) was added according to a 1: after 100 dilutions, 4 ℃ overnight.

(8) The primary antibody was discarded, washed 3 times with TBST for 5min each, and a secondary antibody (HRP-labeled rabbit anti-canine IgG) was added, following PBS 1: after 2000 dilution, incubate for 2h at room temperature.

(9) And (3) discarding the secondary antibody, washing with TBST for 3 times, each time for 5min, taking out the NC membrane, placing the NC membrane in a clean container, and dropwise adding a freshly prepared Diaminobenzidine (DAB) color development solution onto the NC membrane.

(10) After the appearance of bands, the reaction was immediately stopped with double distilled water and photographed in a gel imaging system.

The immunogenicity and reactogenicity of the rDi-sHSP12.6 protein were analyzed as described above. The immunoblotting result shows that the r-Di-sHSP12.6 protein has good immunogenicity and reactogenicity. The rabbit anti-IgG prepared from the recombinant protein can recognize the recombinant protein (shown in figure 5, lane 6 and a white arrow), and the recombinant protein can be recognized by the serum of a dog naturally infected with heartworm disease and can not be recognized by the serum of a healthy dog, so that the protein has good reactogenicity and immunogenicity (shown in figure 5, lane 5 and a white arrow).

5. Indirect immunofluorescence localization

(1) Slicing: 4% paraformaldehyde fixed Dirofilaria immitis female adults were embedded in paraffin and sectioned (thickness 4 mm).

(2) Baking slices: the sections were placed in an incubator at 60 ℃ for 2 h.

(3) The baked slices were dewaxed and hydrated in the following order: xylene I (7min), xylene II (7min), 100% alcohol I (3min), 100% alcohol II (3min), 95% alcohol (3min), 85% alcohol (3min), 75% alcohol (3min), and distilled water (8 min).

(4) And (3) putting the slices subjected to dewaxing and hydration into a sodium citrate buffer solution for antigen heat restoration, and heating for 15min at the temperature of over 95 ℃. After cooling, the sections were washed 3 times with PBS 5 min/time.

(5) The tissue was dropped with 3% H2O2, washed 3 times with PBS for 5 min/time at 37 deg.C for 25 min.

(6) 5% BSA blocking solution was added dropwise to the tissue at room temperature for 45 min.

(7) Discarding the excess liquid, adding rabbit anti-recombinant protein IgG (1:100 dilution), and incubating overnight in a wet box at 4 ℃; PBS wash 3 times, 4 min/time.

(8) FITC-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (1:100 dilution) diluted with 0.1% Evan's blue was added and incubated at 37 ℃ in the dark for 1 h.

(9) PBS wash 3 times, 4 min/time.

(10) The sections were mounted in appropriate glycerol buffer and observed and imaged under a fluorescence microscope.

The distribution of Di-sHSP12.6 in the transverse section of female and male adult Dirofilaria immitis is detected by indirect immunofluorescence staining, and the result shows that the sHSP12.6 is mainly distributed in the epidermis and the intestine of female Dirofilaria immitis and a small amount of muscle is distributed; in the male heartworm, they are distributed mainly in the epidermis and can be secreted into the intestine, and also in the muscle, there are only a few profiles 6, a, B, C, D, of which A, C is positive and B, D is negative).

Example 8: establishment of rDi-sHSP12.6 protein indirect ELISA method

1. Method of operation

(1) The 96-well enzyme label plate is taken, the recombinant protein (antigen) is diluted by the coating solution, 100 mu L/well of the diluted protein is added, and the mixture is coated overnight at 4 ℃.

(2) The protein solution was discarded, washed 3 times with PBST for 5 min/time, and washed by shaking on a micro-shaker (filled as much as possible, but not through holes).

(3) 5% skimmed milk powder, 250. mu.L/well, 37 ℃ was added and incubated for 1.5 h.

(4) PBST was washed 3 times, 5 min/time.

(5) Serum diluted with PBS was added at 100. mu.L/well and incubated at 37 ℃ for 1 h.

(6) PBST was washed 3 times, 5 min/time.

(7) HRP-labeled rabbit anti-canine IgG diluted in PBS at a rate of 100. mu.L/well was added and incubated at 37 ℃ for 1 h.

(8) PBST was washed 4 times, 5 min/time.

(9) Adding a soluble single-component substrate TMB developing solution into a 96-well enzyme label plate, and incubating for 20min at room temperature in a dark place at 100 mu L/well.

(10) 2mol/L of H is added₂SO₄The reaction was stopped at 100. mu.L/well.

(11) The 96-well plate was placed on a microplate reader, and its OD value (λ 450nm) was measured.

2. Condition optimization

(1) Determination of optimal antigen coating concentration and serum concentration: referring to the checkerboard titration method, the concentration of 6 antigen coatings was set as follows: (20.20. mu.g, 10.10. mu.g, 5.05. mu.g, 2.53. mu.g, 1.26. mu.g and 0.63. mu.g per well) and 4 serum dilutions (1:20, 1:40, 1:80 and 1:160), after completion of the assay according to the method of 2.8.1, the P/N values were calculated by measuring the readings on a microplate reader, and the optimal antigen coating concentration and serum concentration were determined. The conditions that the positive serum OD450 is close to 1 and P/N is maximum are best.

(2) Determining the optimal confining liquid: according to the optimal antigen coating concentration and serum concentration, 5% skimmed milk powder and 5% BSA are respectively used as blocking solutions, after the test is finished, the reading is measured on a microplate reader, the P/N value is calculated, and the optimal blocking solution is determined. The conditions that the positive serum OD450 is close to 1 and P/N is maximum are best.

(3) Determination of optimal primary antibody incubation time: and (3) setting 4 different incubation times (0.5h, 1h, 1.5h and 2h) according to the optimal antigen coating concentration, serum concentration and confining liquid, measuring the reading on an enzyme-labeling instrument after the test is finished, calculating the P/N value, and determining the optimal primary antibody incubation time. The conditions that the positive serum OD450 is close to 1 and P/N is maximum are best.

(4) Determination of optimal secondary antibody incubation concentration: according to the optimal antigen coating concentration, serum concentration and primary antibody incubation time, 5 different secondary antibody dilutions (1:1000, 1:2000, 1:3000, 1:4000 and 1:5000) are set, and after the test is finished, the reading is measured on an enzyme-labeling instrument, the P/N value is calculated, and the optimal secondary antibody incubation concentration is determined. The conditions that the positive serum OD450 is close to 1 and P/N is maximum are best.

(5) Determining the optimal color development time: according to the optimal conditions, 5 different color development times (10min, 15min, 20min, 25min and 30min) are set, after the test is finished, the reading is measured on a microplate reader, the P/N value is calculated, and the optimal color development time is determined. The conditions that the positive serum OD450 is close to 1 and P/N is maximum are best.

3. Determination of a threshold value

The test was performed according to the optimized test conditions in 2.8.2, and the cutoff value was determined by using the cutoff value method. The OD450 of 24 heartworm disease negative sera were measured, and the mean and standard deviation of all sera OD450 were calculated. cutoff value-mean +3 standard deviations, set for 3 replicates.

4. Determination of specificity and sensitivity

The test was carried out according to the optimized test conditions in 2, and the cross-reactivity of the Echinococcus canicola positive serum (8 parts), the cysticercus cercus canicola positive serum (2 parts), the ancylostoma canicola positive serum (8 parts) and the ascaris canicola serum (18 parts) collected in this laboratory were measured. The corresponding specificity and sensitivity were calculated according to the cut-off values determined in 3, and the calculation formula is as follows: the specificity was true negative serum count/(true negative serum count + false positive serum count) × 100%, and the sensitivity was true positive serum count/(true positive serum count + false negative serum count) × 100%, with 3 replicates per group.

According to an optimized indirect ELISA method, rDi-sHSP12.6 protein is used for detecting echinococcus granulosus positive serum (8 parts), echinococcus cervi positive serum (2 parts), ancylostoma canis positive serum (8 parts) and ancylostoma canis serum (18 parts), the result shows that the echinococcus granulosus positive serum, the echinococcus cervi positive serum and the ancylostoma canis positive serum do not have cross reaction, only 2 parts of the 18 detected echinococcus canis positive serum have slight cross reaction, and the specificity of the method is evaluated to be 94.4% (34/36) (FIG. 7);

5. repeatability of the detection assay

(1) And (3) carrying out batch repeatability inspection: recombinant protein with the same concentration is coated in the same 96-hole enzyme label plate, 6 determined heartworm positive serums are detected, 3 holes are repeated in each serum, batch repeated tests are carried out according to an optimized ELISA method, the variation coefficient is calculated, and batch repeatability is checked.

(2) And (3) batch-to-batch repeatability test: recombinant proteins with the same concentration are respectively coated in 3 96-hole enzyme label plates, 6 determined heartworm positive sera are detected, 3 holes are repeated in each serum, batch repeated tests are carried out according to an optimized ELISA method, the variation coefficient is calculated, and the batch repeatability is checked.

The inter-batch coefficient of variation is (5.63% -8.15%), the intra-batch coefficient of variation is (0.96% -3.89%), the inter-batch coefficient of variation is less than 10%, and the intra-batch coefficient of variation is less than 5%, indicating that the test has good repeatability.

6. Clinical testing

And respectively detecting 24 heartworm disease positive serums and 24 heartworm disease negative serums by using the established indirect ELISA method, and judging the reliability of the ELISA method according to a critical value, specificity and sensitivity.

The sensitivity of the method was evaluated to be 91.6% (22/24) by detecting 24 dirofilaria immitis positive sera and 24 dirofilaria immitis negative sera with the rDi-shsp12.6 protein according to the optimized indirect ELISA method, and the results showed that OD450 of 22 positive sera > cutoff value, OD450 of 2 positive sera and 24 negative sera < cutoff value (0.699) (fig. 8).

Example 9: rDi-sHSP12.6 as a vaccine

The recombinant protein (rDi-sHSP12.6) (100 mu g/ml) for the first immunization and saponin adjuvant (5 mu g/ml) are used for immunizing 1ml per dog (6 dogs); a second immunization was performed 7 days later at the same dose.

Detecting the level of the anti-rDi-sHSP12.6 protein antibody of the dog by using rDi-sHSP12.6 as a coating antigen, wherein the antigen coating concentration is 23.3 mu g/ml, and the serum dilution is 1: 80;

the detection results are shown in FIG. 9: the antibody reaches a peak value after 2 weeks of immunization, a higher antibody level is still maintained in a dog body after 3 months of immunization, and the immunoblotting and indirect ELISA results are combined, so that the protein has the potential of vaccine development.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Sequence listing

<110> Sichuan university of agriculture

<120> a vaccine for heartworm disease

<130> MP1908396

<160> 1

<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0

<210> 1

<211> 113

<212> PRT

<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)

<400> 1

Met Glu Glu Lys Val Val Glu Leu Thr His Asn Trp Ser Ala Asp Gln

1 5 10 15

Trp Asp Trp Pro Leu Gln His Asn Asp Asp Val Val Lys Val Thr Asn

20 25 30

Thr Asn Asp Lys Phe Glu Val Gly Leu Asp Ala Ser Phe Phe Thr Pro

35 40 45

Lys Glu Ile Glu Val Lys Val Cys Gly Asp Asn Leu Val Ile His Cys

50 55 60

Arg His Glu Thr Arg Thr Asp Gln Tyr Gly Glu Ile Lys Arg Glu Ile

65 70 75 80

Ser Arg Thr Tyr Lys Leu Pro Ser Asp Val Asp Thr Lys Thr Leu Thr

85 90 95

Ser Asn Leu Thr Lys Arg Gly His Leu Val Ile Ala Ala Lys Lys Lys

100 105 110

Ala

Claims (5)

1. A heartworm disease vaccine is characterized by comprising a heartworm small heat shock protein and an immunologic adjuvant, wherein the sequence of the heartworm small heat shock protein is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1.

2. The vaccine of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the heartworm small heat shock protein is 100-.

3. The vaccine of claim 1, wherein the immunoadjuvant is Freund's incomplete adjuvant, Freund's complete adjuvant, or saponin.

4. The vaccine of claim 3, wherein the concentration of Freund's incomplete adjuvant and Freund's complete adjuvant is 200 μ g/mL.

5. The vaccine of claim 3, wherein the saponin concentration is 3-6 μ g/mL.

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