CN110045309A - A kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method - Google Patents
A kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110045309A CN110045309A CN201810042617.8A CN201810042617A CN110045309A CN 110045309 A CN110045309 A CN 110045309A CN 201810042617 A CN201810042617 A CN 201810042617A CN 110045309 A CN110045309 A CN 110045309A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method.This method is that weak magnetic Field probe is placed in magnetic field to be measured under constant temperature；Laser control circuit is adjusted, wavelength stabilized laser is kept, and optical maser wavelength and alkali metal atomic ground state level is kept to resonate；By polarizing film, quarter-wave plate perpendicular to laser beam direction；The angle for adjusting quarter-wave plate optical axis and laser polarization, makes the polarization of laser become Left-hand circular polarization or right-hand circular polarization；Radio-frequency coil generates the radiofrequency field parallel with laser beam direction；Electrooptical device is to Left-hand circular polarization laser or right-hand circular polarization laser acquisition, by the light intensity value detected through the acquisition of data acquisition process equipment, signal processing, it extracts nuclear magnetic resonance information and is compared with the magnetic resonance information of electronics, to detect optical pumped magnetometer precision.It is an advantage of the invention that it is easy to operate, only carry out one-shot measurement, to field generator for magnetic to be measured require it is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to weak magnetic survey technical fields, are related to a kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method, use
Under conditions of Yu Wu standard Magnetic Field generating device, self-test is carried out to optical pumped magnetometer measurement accuracy.
Background technique
In modern science and technology, the detection of Weak magentic-field is a very important technology.Currently, atom magnetometer is as master
One of Weak magentic-field detection instrument wanted, type mainly have proton magnetometer, optical pumped magnetometer etc..Optical pumped magnetometer has good
Sensitivity, but precision is poor, in order to optimize the precision of optical pumped magnetometer, it is necessary first to detect to precision, and precision
Detection needs to obtain the magnetic field true value of optical pumped magnetometer probe position, and this requires magnetic fields to be measured to have extraordinary stabilization
Property and uniformity, high requirement is proposed to field generator for magnetic.Therefore, under general condition, it is difficult the essence to magnetometer
Degree measures.
Traditional optical pumped magnetometer measurement accuracy detection method mainly generates one surely using field generator for magnetic to be measured
Fixed magnetic field to be measured first passes through high-precision magnetic field measuring device and magnetic field to be measured is detected and demarcated, using calibration value as
Magnetic field true value, then optical pumped magnetometer to be measured is put into magnetic field to be measured and obtains measured value, measured value and magnetic field true value are made into ratio
Relatively obtain the measurement accuracy of optical pumped magnetometer to be measured.There are following two disadvantages for this method: 1) due to measurement position twice
Different and magnetic field inhomogeneities and introduce measurement error；2) measurement is introduced due to field generator for magnetic output shift to be measured to miss
Difference.Therefore, this method proposes very high requirement to field generator for magnetic to be measured.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems, such as that current detection of magnetic field accuracy of instrument testing conditions are harsh, the present invention provides a kind of novel
Optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method.This method is based on the characteristics of nuclear magnetic resonance is not by external interference, utilizes two
The electron magnetic resonance signal extraction of a difference energy level goes out nuclear magnetic resonance information, to measure the survey of pumped magnetic resonance signal
Accuracy of measurement reaches to the lower self-test effect of field generator for magnetic requirement.
Working mechanism of the invention is: under magnetic field to be measured, alkali metal atom energy level will be divided, and form magneton energy
Grade, division situation are related to magnetic field size to be measured.When a branch of circularly polarized laser passes through alkali metal atom gas, if alkali metal atom
Gas is in simultaneously when having in frequency radiofrequency field identical with two neighboring magnetic sublevel interval, then alkali metal atom is to swashing
The absorptivity of light is maximum, measures the available magnetic field size to be measured of relationship of transmitted light intensity size and laser frequency.By nuclear spin
Influence, alkali metal atom will reach extreme value in two different RF field frequencies to the absorptivity of laser, the two radio frequencies
The difference of field frequencies range will include nuclear spin information.Due to nuclear spin information can stablize reflection external magnetic field truth without
It is affected by other factors, therefore, the measurement accuracy of pumped magnetic resonance signal can be measured according to the two RF field frequencies.
Optical pumped magnetometer includes laser light source 1, weak magnetic Field probe 2, signal sensor 3；Laser light source 1, weak magnetic Field probe
2, signal sensor 3 is connected by laser optical path；
The laser light source 1 is by semiconductor laser 4, laser control circuit 5, polarizing film 6, quarter-wave plate 7
It constitutes；
Laser control circuit 5 controls semiconductor laser 4 and launches laser, laser successively penetrate polarizing film 6, four/
One wave plate 7, weak magnetic Field probe 2；
The laser control circuit 5 is made of current source 8, temperature controller 9, wherein current source 8 and temperature controller 9
The driving current and operating temperature of semiconductor laser 4 are controlled respectively.
The weak magnetic Field probe 2 is made of the glass envelope 10 comprising alkali metal saturated vapor；
The signal sensor 3 is by radio-frequency coil 11, signal generator 12, electrooptical device 13, data acquisition
Equipment 14 is managed to constitute；
The electric signal that signal generator 12 exports passes to radio-frequency coil 11, and the synchronization signal of output passes to data acquisition
Processing equipment 14, the acquisition of electrooptical device 13 are then passed to data acquisition through the electric signal of the light beam of weak magnetic Field probe 2
The processing of processing equipment 14.
The present invention is specifically to the adjusting method of optical pumping atom magnetometer:
Step (1) keeps that weak magnetic Field probe 2 being placed in magnetic field to be measured under temperature constant state；
Step (2) adjusts laser light source 1:
Current source 8, temperature controller 9 in laser control circuit 5 are adjusted, keeps semiconductor laser 4 to launch sharp
Optical wavelength is stablized, and alkali metal atom Ground State Energy in the optical maser wavelength and weak magnetic Field probe 2 for keeping semiconductor laser 4 to launch
Grade resonance；Polarizing film 6, quarter-wave plate 7 are vertically arranged in laser beam direction；Adjust 7 optical axis of quarter-wave plate with
The angle of laser polarization, so that the polarization for the laser launched from semiconductor laser 4 becomes left circularly polarized light or dextrorotation circle
Polarised light；The position for adjusting weak magnetic Field probe 2, makes Left-hand circular polarization laser or right-hand circular polarization laser light weak magnetic Field probe 2；
Optical maser wavelength polarizing film, quarter-wave plate wave-length coverage in.
Step (3) adjustment signal detector 3:
The signal that signal generator 12 exports is input to radio-frequency coil 11, generates radiofrequency field by radio-frequency coil 11, adjusting is penetrated
The position of frequency coil 11, makes that weak magnetic Field probe 2 is in radiofrequency field and the direction of radiofrequency field is parallel with laser beam direction；Photoelectricity
13 pairs of the switching device Left-hand circular polarization laser or right-hand circular polarization laser through weak magnetic Field probe 2 detects, and obtains photoelectricity
The relationship of light intensity value and 12 output signal frequency of signal generator that switching device 13 detects, relationship such as formula (1):
Wherein, Y is the light intensity value that electrooptical device 13 detects, and X is 12 output signal frequency of signal generator, and π is
Pi, k1And k2It is definite value, υ for proportionality coefficient1And υ2For the full width at half maximum value of two pumped magnetic resonance signals, for constant
At a temperature of the glass envelope comprising alkali metal saturated vapor, υ1And υ2It also is definite value, Δ f1With Δ f2For field generator for magnetic to be measured
The variation of different alkali metal atom energy levels, f caused by drift1And f2For as it is initial when magnetic field to be measured caused by alkali metal atom
Different energy level splittings, δ f be systematic error, relationship such as formula (2), formula (3), formula (4):
f1-Δf1=γ1·(B0+ΔB) (2)；
f2-Δf2=γ2·(B0+ΔB) (3)；
f1< f2(4)；
Wherein, γ1And γ2For definite value, B0Magnetic field size to be measured when being initial, Δ B are magnetic field drift to be measured；
The light intensity value that electrooptical device 12 is detected through data acquisition process equipment 14 acquire, signal processing, according to
Formula (1) solves X corresponding value X when Y reaches extreme value1And X2, relationship such as formula (5), formula (6):
X1=f1-Δf1-δf (5)；
X2=f2-Δf2-δf (6)；
According to formula (2), formula (3), formula (5), formula (6), optical pumped magnetometer trueness error δ B, relationship such as formula are solved
(7):
After the method for the present invention, according to formula (7) it is found that the parameter for solving optical pumped magnetometer trueness error all is from
In the measurement parameter of optical pumped magnetometer itself, thus eliminate due to the difference of measurement position twice and the inhomogeneities in magnetic field and
The measurement error of introducing influences.Meanwhile according to formula (2), formula (3), formula (5), formula (6), formula (7) it is found that formula
(7) it can convert are as follows:
Trueness error not will receive due to field generator for magnetic output shift to be measured and introduce it can be seen from formula (8)
Measurement error influence.
The invention has the advantages that one, it is easy to operate, it is only necessary to operate laser light source, the weak magnetic Field probe in optical pumped magnetometer
With three parts of signal sensor；Two, one-shot measurement is only carried out, is eliminated due to the difference of measurement position twice and magnetic field not
Uniformity and the measurement error that introduces influences；Three, low to field generator for magnetic to be measured requirement, it not will receive since magnetic field to be measured is sent out
Generating apparatus output shift and the influence of measurement error introduced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is detailed process schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of laser control circuit of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further analyzed with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Under magnetic field to be measured, alkali metal atom energy level will be divided, and form magnetic sublevel, division situation and magnetic field to be measured
Size is related.When a branch of circularly polarized laser passes through alkali metal atom gas, if alkali metal atom gas is in simultaneously a frequency
When in rate radiofrequency field identical with two neighboring magnetic sublevel interval, then alkali metal atom is maximum to the absorptivity of laser, measurement
The available magnetic field size to be measured of the relationship of transmitted light intensity size and laser frequency.It is influenced by nuclear spin, alkali metal atom pair
The absorptivity of laser will reach extreme value in two different RF field frequencies, and the difference of the two RF field frequencies will include core
Spin information.Due to nuclear spin information can stablize reflection external magnetic field truth without being affected by other factors,
The measurement accuracy of pumped magnetic resonance signal can be measured according to the two RF field frequencies.
As shown in Figure 1, optical pumped magnetometer includes laser light source 1, weak magnetic Field probe 2, signal sensor 3；Laser light source 1,
Weak magnetic Field probe 2, signal sensor 3 are connected by laser optical path；
As shown in Fig. 2, the laser light source 1 is by semiconductor laser 4, laser control circuit 5,6, four points of polarizing film
One of wave plate 7 constitute；
Laser control circuit 5 controls semiconductor laser 4 and launches laser, laser successively penetrate polarizing film 6, four/
One wave plate 7, weak magnetic Field probe 2；
As shown in figure 3, the laser control circuit 5 is made of current source 8, temperature controller 9, wherein current source 8 with
Temperature controller 9 controls the driving current and operating temperature of semiconductor laser 4 respectively.
The weak magnetic Field probe 2 is made of the glass envelope 10 comprising alkali metal saturated vapor；
The signal sensor 3 is by radio-frequency coil 11, signal generator 12, electrooptical device 13, data acquisition
Equipment 14 is managed to constitute；
The electric signal that signal generator 12 exports passes to radio-frequency coil 11, and the synchronization signal of output passes to data acquisition
Processing equipment 14, the acquisition of electrooptical device 13 are then passed to data acquisition through the electric signal of the light beam of weak magnetic Field probe 2
The processing of processing equipment 14.
The specific measurement accuracy detection method for adjusting optical pumping atom magnetometer is:
2 alkali metal atom of weak magnetic Field probe uses -133 atom of caesium, the glass envelope 10 of Cs atom saturated vapor in embodiment
Having a size of 15 × 20mm of Φ, it will be evenly heated around it and constant temperature be to 48 DEG C, be placed in magnetic field to be measured.In use,
Laser control circuit 5 is first opened, the electric current for the model B2912A that wherein current source 8 is produced using U.S. Agilent company
Source, the temperature controller for the model TED200C that temperature controller 9 is produced using U.S. Thorlab company adjust two pole of laser
The electric current of pipe is 1.1mA, and temperature is 65 DEG C, makes the Wavelength stabilized to 894.602nm of semiconductor laser 4；It is by applicable wavelengths
The polarizing film 6 and quarter-wave plate 7 of 894.602nm is vertically arranged in laser beam direction, adjusts the opposite of quarter-wave plate 7
Angle is to 58 °, so that laser polarization becomes left-handed circle after the laser light quarter-wave plate 7 that semiconductor laser 4 is launched
Polarised light or right-circularly polarized light；The position for adjusting the glass envelope 10 of Cs atom saturated vapor, makes left circularly polarized light or dextrorotation
Circularly polarized light passes through the glass envelope 10 of Cs atom saturated vapor, the model that signal generator 12 is produced using Pu Yuan company, China
The signal generator of DG4162, the signal that signal generator 12 exports are input to radio-frequency coil 11, the synchronization signal transmitting of output
To data acquisition process equipment 14, the position of radio-frequency coil 11 is adjusted, the glass envelope 10 of Cs atom saturated vapor is made to be in radio frequency
In the and direction of radiofrequency field is parallel with laser beam direction, uses highly sensitive 13 Left-hand circular polarization laser of silicon photoelectric diode
Or right-circularly polarized light is detected, and highly sensitive silicon photoelectric diode 13 is detected collected signal and inputs to data acquisition
Lock-in amplifier carries out phase-sensitive detection in processing equipment 14, and the output signal of lock-in amplifier input computer is adopted
Collection, processing and final output.
Highly sensitive silicon photoelectric diode 13 mentioned above is electrooptical device 13.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method, it is characterised in that method includes the following steps:
Step (1) keeps that weak magnetic Field probe being placed in magnetic field to be measured under temperature constant state；
Step (2) adjusts the laser light source in optical pumped magnetometer:
Laser light source includes semiconductor laser, laser control circuit, polarizing film, quarter-wave plate；
Current source, temperature controller in laser control circuit are adjusted first, the laser wave for keeping semiconductor laser to go out
It is long to stablize, and alkali metal atomic ground state level is total in the optical maser wavelength and weak magnetic Field probe for keeping semiconductor laser to go out
Vibration；Polarizing film, quarter-wave plate are vertically arranged in laser beam direction；Adjust quarter-wave plate optical axis and laser polarization
Angle so that becoming left circularly polarized light or right-circularly polarized light from the polarization of laser that semiconductor laser goes out；It adjusts
The position for saving weak magnetic Field probe, makes Left-hand circular polarization laser or right-hand circular polarization laser light weak magnetic Field probe；
Step (3) adjusts the signal sensor in optical pumped magnetometer:
Signal sensor includes radio-frequency coil, signal generator, electrooptical device, data acquisition process equipment；
The signal of signal generator output is input to radio-frequency coil, the synchronous letter for generating radiofrequency field by radio-frequency coil, while exporting
Number data acquisition process equipment is passed to, adjust the position of radio-frequency coil, is in weak magnetic Field probe in radiofrequency field and radiofrequency field
Direction it is parallel with laser beam direction；Electrooptical device is to the Left-hand circular polarization laser or dextrorotation circle through weak magnetic Field probe
Polarization laser is detected, and the pass of light intensity value and signal generator output signal frequency that electrooptical device detects is obtained
System, relationship such as formula (1):
Wherein, Y is the light intensity value that electrooptical device detects, and X is signal generator output signal frequency, and π is pi, k1
And k2For proportionality coefficient, υ1And υ2For the full width at half maximum value of two pumped magnetic resonance signals, Δ f1With Δ f2For magnetic field to be measured generation
The variation of different alkali metal atom energy levels, f caused by device drift1And f2For as it is initial when magnetic field to be measured caused by alkali metal it is former
Son different energy level splittings, δ f be systematic error, relationship such as formula (2), formula (3), formula (4):
f1-Δf1=γ1·(B0+ΔB) (2)；
f2-Δf2=γ2·(B0+ΔB) (3)；
f1< f2(4)；
Wherein, γ1And γ2For definite value, B0Magnetic field size to be measured when being initial, Δ B are magnetic field drift to be measured；
The light intensity value that electrooptical device is detected acquires through data acquisition process equipment, signal processing, according to formula (1),
Solve X corresponding value X when Y reaches extreme value1And X2, relationship such as formula (5), formula (6):
X1=f1-Δf1-δf (5)；
X2=f2-Δf2-δf (6)；
According to formula (2), formula (3), formula (5), formula (6), optical pumped magnetometer trueness error δ B, relationship such as formula are solved
(7):
2. a kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that low-intensity magnetic field is visited
Head is made of the glass envelope comprising alkali metal saturated vapor.
3. a kind of novel optical pumped magnetometer precision self-sensing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that optical maser wavelength
Polarizing film, quarter-wave plate wave-length coverage in.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111025206A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Static magnetic field spatial distribution measurement system and method based on atomic magnetic resonance |
| CN111398873A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | Atomic magnetometer probe capable of being used for vector detection |
| CN111610470A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-09-01 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Novel radio frequency atomic magnetometer and implementation method thereof |
| CN112945378A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Light intensity stability testing method based on radial magnetic field atomic inertia measurement system |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111025206A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-17 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Static magnetic field spatial distribution measurement system and method based on atomic magnetic resonance |
| CN111398873A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十九研究所 | Atomic magnetometer probe capable of being used for vector detection |
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| CN112945378A (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-06-11 | 北京航空航天大学 | Light intensity stability testing method based on radial magnetic field atomic inertia measurement system |
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