CN118748220A - Photovoltaic building material structure and photovoltaic building component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is applicable to the technical field of photovoltaic building materials, and provides a photovoltaic building material structure and a photovoltaic building component, wherein the photovoltaic building material structure is a lamination piece, and comprises the following components: the light-transmitting plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the battery piece layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer, the third adhesive film layer and the metal plate layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. Compared with the conventional photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic building material structure and the photovoltaic building module provided by the invention have the advantages that the integration degree and the overall structural strength of the photovoltaic building material structure are higher, the photovoltaic building material structure and the photovoltaic building module have better fireproof performance, can be directly used as a component of a building roof, are reliable and stable in quality, can be used as a surface layer building material capable of generating electricity, and simultaneously meet the photovoltaic power generation performance and the building material performance.

Description

Photovoltaic building material structure and photovoltaic building component

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic building materials, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic building material structure and a photovoltaic building component.

Background

The conventional photovoltaic module has insufficient structural strength and insufficient fire resistance level, and cannot be used as a component part of a building roof in a compliance manner, so that the photovoltaic module can only be installed on the existing roof, the construction efficiency is low, and the construction period is long. For example: the photovoltaic module is adhered to the roof by using the structural adhesive at the construction site, or the photovoltaic module is fixed on the roof by adopting the photovoltaic bracket. In addition, the climate conditions of the construction site may affect the performance of the structural adhesive or the photovoltaic bracket, burying the potential safety hazard.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic building material structure and a photovoltaic building component, which aim to solve the problem that a conventional photovoltaic component cannot be used as a building roof component.

The embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic building material structure, which is a laminated piece and comprises the following components: the light-transmitting plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the battery piece layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer, the third adhesive film layer and the metal plate layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

In some embodiments, the third adhesive film layer and the metal plate layer are provided with through holes with the same size at the same position, and the through holes are used for installing a junction box; the junction box is used for connecting bus bars; the bus bars are led out from the battery sheet layer and pass through the insulating sheet layer.

In some embodiments, the sheet metal layers are provided with overlap portions for overlapping installation with other photovoltaic building material structures.

In some embodiments, the overlapping portion is overlapped up and down and/or overlapped left and right, and the overlapping portion is arranged at the peripheral edge of the metal plate layer or at the bottom of the metal plate layer.

In some embodiments, in the case that the lap joint manner is up-down lap joint, the lap joint portion is in a straight line structure;

and under the condition that the lap joint mode is left and right lap joint, the lap joint part is of a trapezoid structure.

In some embodiments, the metal sheet layer comprises one or more metal sheets;

And a sandwich layer is arranged between any two layers of metal plates of the multi-layer metal plates, and the sandwich layer is made of heat insulation materials.

In some embodiments, the light transmissive plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer, and the third adhesive film layer are the same shape;

The size of the light-transmitting plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer and the third adhesive film layer are the same.

In some embodiments, edge sealing glue is arranged around the light-transmitting plate layer, the first glue film layer, the battery piece layer, the second glue film layer, the insulating plate layer and the third glue film layer.

In some embodiments, in the case where the first film layer, the second film layer, and the third film layer generate glue overflow, the edge sealing glue includes the glue that overflows.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a photovoltaic building component, which comprises a plurality of photovoltaic building material structures.

According to the photovoltaic building material structure and the photovoltaic building component, the conventional photovoltaic component is insufficient in structural strength and fireproof grade and cannot be used as a component of a building roof in a compliance manner, so that the light-transmitting plate layer, the insulating plate layer and the metal plate are laminated into a whole through the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer and the third adhesive film layer, the integral strength of the photovoltaic building material structure is greatly improved, the load resistance capability is greatly improved, the safety is also improved, the integrated combination of the photovoltaic component and the roof plate is realized, and the fireproof performance and the corrosion resistance capability are simultaneously improved, so that the photovoltaic building material structure can be directly used as the component of the building roof, the metal roof and the photovoltaic can be completed at one time when being installed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical structure of a photovoltaic building material structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic building material structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic building material structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic building material structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" or "an implementation" means that a particular feature, component, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or implementation may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or can be communicated with each other; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

According to the photovoltaic Building material structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light-transmitting plate layer, the insulating plate layer and the metal plate are laminated into a whole through the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer and the third adhesive film layer, so that the integral strength of the photovoltaic Building material structure is greatly improved, the load resistance capability is greatly enhanced, the safety is also improved, the integral combination of a photovoltaic module and a roof board is realized, and the fireproof performance and the corrosion resistance capability are improved, so that the photovoltaic Building material structure can be directly used as a component of a Building roof, the integral installation of a metal roof and a photovoltaic can be completed at one time when the roof is installed, and compared with the traditional form of installing a photovoltaic module (Building ATTACHED PV, BAPV) on the surface of a Building enclosure structure, the integral degree of the photovoltaic Building material structure is high, the construction difficulty can be reduced, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the construction period is saved.

The following describes in detail the photovoltaic building material structure and the photovoltaic roofing component provided by the embodiment of the present invention through specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof with reference to fig. 1 to fig. 4.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical structure of a photovoltaic building material structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic building material structure, which is a laminate. The photovoltaic building material structure comprises: the light-transmitting plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the battery sheet layer 30, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating plate layer 50, the third adhesive film layer 60 and the metal plate layer 70 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

The photovoltaic building material structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is a laminated piece, namely a component of an integrated structure formed by lamination. Wherein lamination refers to a molding process in which multiple layers of the same or different materials are combined into a single body under heat and pressure.

In the embodiment of the invention, after at least one lamination of the light-transmitting plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the battery sheet layer 30, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating plate layer 50, the third adhesive film layer 60 and the metal plate layer 70, a photovoltaic building material structure is obtained. The embodiment of the present invention does not particularly limit the number of lamination.

Alternatively, the lamination may be performed once, multiple times, or at least two times until lamination of all the layered structures is completed. For example: dividing the photovoltaic building material structure into two parts, firstly laminating the light-transmitting plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20 and the battery piece layer 30 as a first part, then laminating the insulating plate layer 50, the third adhesive film layer 60 and the metal plate layer 70 as a second part, and finally laminating the laminated first part structure and the laminated second part structure into a whole through the second adhesive film layer 40; or directly carrying out the first integral lamination on all the layer structures, and then carrying out the second integral lamination to finally obtain the required photovoltaic building material structure.

It will be appreciated that all of the hierarchical structures included in the photovoltaic building material structure may be laminated in the factory or in the location where the lamination-related equipment is located, ensuring the reliability and stability of the quality of the photovoltaic building material structure.

In practical implementation, the production line corresponding to each layer included in the photovoltaic building material structure can be compatible with the production line of a conventional photovoltaic module, so that equipment cost and stock cost are reduced.

Each layer structure of the photovoltaic building material structure is described below.

Alternatively, the light-transmitting plate layer 10 may be made of a light-transmitting material such as glass or transparent acryl. The light-transmitting plate layer 10 has high light transmittance, can isolate water vapor, and has reliable structural strength. The light-transmitting plate layer 10 is positioned at the topmost surface of the whole hierarchical structure, so that the accumulation of moisture and dust on the surface of the light-transmitting layer is avoided, and the reduction of the generated energy caused by dust accumulation is effectively prevented.

Alternatively, the first adhesive film layer 20, the second adhesive film layer 40, and the third adhesive film layer 60 may bond the two side materials. The first adhesive film layer 20 is used for bonding the light-transmitting plate layer 10 and the upper surface of the battery plate layer 30, the second adhesive film layer 40 is used for bonding the lower surface of the battery plate layer 30 and the upper surface of the insulating plate layer 50, and the third adhesive film layer 60 is used for bonding the lower surface of the insulating plate layer 50 and the metal plate layer 70.

Alternatively, the first adhesive film layer 20, the second adhesive film layer 40 and the third adhesive film layer 60 may be made of the same adhesive film material, or may be made of different adhesive film materials. The film material includes, but is not limited to, polyolefin elastomer (Polyolefin elastomer, POE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (ETHYLENE VINYL ACETATE, EVA), expandable polyethylene (Expanded Polyethylene, EPE), polyvinyl butyral film (Polyvinyl Butyral Film, PVB), or other similar materials.

Alternatively, the cell sheet layer 30 may include a plurality of solar cells, and the cell type of the solar cells may be heterojunction solar cells (PASSIVATED EMITTER AND REAR CELL, PREC), interdigital back contact (INTERDIGITATED BACK CONTACT, IBC) cells, perovskite solar cells, or the like, which are not particularly limited herein.

Optionally, the insulating sheet layer 50 may perform high voltage insulation, air insulation, electrical isolation, etc., and have a certain strength, so that insulation reliability of an electrical system inside the photovoltaic building material structure may be ensured. The material of the insulating sheet layer 50 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include: polyethylene terephthalate (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) or similar materials may be used. The surface of the insulating plate layer 50 can be further attached with a fluorine-containing coating, so that the ageing resistance and the isolation performance of the insulating plate layer 50 are enhanced.

The insulating layer in the conventional photovoltaic module is generally made of organic paint, is very thin and is only tens of micrometers, high-voltage insulation cannot be achieved, and the organic paint layer can only ensure weather resistance and isolate water vapor, so that electric insulation is difficult to achieve. The embodiment of the invention adopts the independent insulating plate layer 50, which greatly improves the high voltage resistance, and is incomparable with the common organic paint. The insulating sheet layer 50 itself has a certain strength. The integrated laminated structure of the transparent plate layer 10, the insulating plate layer 50 and the metal plate layer 70 greatly improves the overall strength, can achieve very high load resistance and personnel treading resistance, and improves the safety coefficient of the photovoltaic building material structure.

Alternatively, the thickness of the insulating sheet layer 50 is determined by the voltage class and material to which the photovoltaic building material structure is to be subjected, typically between 0.15 mm and 130 mm thick. For example: the voltage class corresponding to the thickness of 3 mm is 5KV, the voltage class corresponding to the thickness of 5mm is 10KV, the voltage class corresponding to the thickness of 6mm is 15KV, and the like. It will be appreciated that the greater the thickness of the insulating sheet layer 50, the higher the corresponding voltage level.

In actual practice, the insulating sheet layer 50 may be replaced with other pressure resistant sheet materials without affecting the electrical performance of the photovoltaic building material structure. If the photovoltaic building material structure cannot bear high voltage due to the replaced plates, equipment such as an inverter and the like is required to be configured for adjustment, and the equipment cost is increased undoubtedly. Therefore, the use of the insulating sheet layer 50 can not only ensure excellent electrical performance of the photovoltaic building material structure, but also save equipment costs.

Alternatively, the metal plate layer 70 may be made of steel plate, aluminum plate, galvanized plate, aluminum alloy plate or other metal materials with similar properties, which are not particularly limited herein. The metal sheet layer 70 may also comprise a substrate layer of its own, providing substantial structural strength; the surface of the sheet metal layer 70 may be attached with a plating or coating for corrosion protection or decoration. Wherein the substrate layer is the base material layer of the metal plate layer, which supports the entire structure, providing the necessary mechanical strength and stability.

In addition, the metal plate layer 70 has good combustion performance, and the combustion performance of the integrally laminated metal plate layer 70 is also superior, so that the requirement of a fireproof standard is met. The sheet metal layer 70 has superior corrosion resistance and also has building material properties that can be better integrated with a building. The sheet metal layer 70 may also be pressed into the appropriate shape to replace the original pressed metal roofing. The metal sheet is not only used for roofing materials, but also widely used in various building and industrial fields.

The metal plate layer 70 in the embodiment of the invention has reliable structural strength and corrosion resistance, can play the same role as roofing materials, can be integrated with a photovoltaic module into a whole, and can realize the simultaneous satisfaction of photovoltaic power generation performance and building material performance.

It should be noted that the thickness of each layer included in the photovoltaic building material structure may be set according to actual requirements, and is not specifically limited herein.

The photovoltaic building material structure provided by the embodiment of the invention has high structural strength and good fireproof performance, and can be directly used as a component part of a building roof; meanwhile, the integrated degree is high, the quality is reliable and stable, the integrated type building material is used as a surface layer building material capable of generating electricity, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic power generation performance and the building material performance are met, compared with the conventional BAPV, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction cost and the construction period are saved.

In some embodiments, the third adhesive film layer 60 and the metal plate layer 70 are provided with through holes of the same size at the same position, and the through holes are used for installing the junction box; the junction box is used for connecting the bus bars; the bus bars are led out of the battery sheet 30 and through the insulating sheet layer 50.

Unlike conventional photovoltaic modules, the bus bars drawn from the cell sheet 30 pass through the insulating sheet layer 50. A through hole is formed in a selected position on the metal plate layer 70, the size of the through hole is slightly larger than that of the junction box, and then a through hole with the same size is formed in the same position of the third adhesive film layer 60, and at this time, the through hole can expose the insulating plate layer 50, and the through hole can be used as a mounting groove of the junction box. The bus bar led out from the battery sheet layer 30 and passing through the insulating sheet layer 50 can be connected with the junction box through the through hole, and the junction box can be mounted in the through hole without providing an additional mounting position for the junction box. The position of the through hole can be set and adjusted according to practical situations, and is not particularly limited herein. For example: may be disposed in the middle of the sheet metal layer 70.

In some embodiments, the sheet metal layer 70 is provided with a lap joint for lap-joint installation with other photovoltaic building material structures. The overlapping installation can enable a plurality of photovoltaic building material structures to be mutually overlapped, so that the full-paving rate is improved, and the building roof is further formed. The number of photovoltaic building material structures required can be determined according to actual requirements, and is not particularly limited herein.

It will be appreciated that different shapes, sizes or types of overlapping portions may be provided according to actual conditions, depending on the overlapping requirements of the different locations. The lap 701 in fig. 2 and 3 is used as an example only and is not particularly limited herein.

In some embodiments, the overlapping portion is formed by overlapping the metal sheet vertically and/or overlapping the metal sheet laterally, and the overlapping portion is disposed at the peripheral edge of the metal sheet or at the bottom of the metal sheet.

In practical implementation, the photovoltaic building material structure can form a certain gradient when being lapped, so that other photovoltaic building material structures can be paved in the four directions of up, down, left and right of the photovoltaic building material structure, and then the lapping mode can comprise one or more of up, down lapping and left and right lapping.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the overlapping part 701 is provided at left and right edges of the metal sheet layer 70 to form left and right overlapping, and the overlapping part 701 can fix the photovoltaic building material structures at left and right sides of the metal sheet layer 70, thereby forming structural waterproofing and structural reinforcement. The lap portion 701 may be formed by bending or other forming methods capable of completing lap joint, which is not particularly limited herein.

As shown in fig. 4, the upper edge of the metal plate layer 70 is provided with an upper lap joint portion 705, and the lower edge of the metal plate layer 70 is provided with a lower lap joint portion 706, and the upper lap joint portion and the lower lap joint portion of the adjacent photovoltaic building material structure are overlapped to be connected up and down. The lap portion 701 may be formed by any molding method, and is not particularly limited herein.

The purpose of the up-down lapping is to fix other photovoltaic building material structures on the upper side and the lower side of the metal plate layer 70, and the photovoltaic building material structures after up-down lapping can be naturally slope-discharged to form lapping waterproof.

Optionally, in order to reduce the distance between the adjacent photovoltaic building material structures and increase the light receiving area, the lap joint portion may also be disposed at the bottom of the metal plate layer 70, so as to enable the adjacent photovoltaic building material structures to completely engage the seam, thereby greatly improving the full-coverage rate and the effective utilization rate of the photovoltaic power generation area; and when rainwater flows along the natural gradient of the photovoltaic building material structure, the rainwater is not easy to stay at the joint of the adjacent photovoltaic building material structures, so that the drainage capacity of the photovoltaic building material structure is improved.

In some embodiments, in the case that the lap joint mode is up-down lap joint, the lap joint part is in a straight structure;

under the condition that the lap joint mode is left and right lap joint, the lap joint part is of a trapezoid structure.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the overlapping part 701 has a trapezoid structure, so that left and right overlapping can be realized, and structural waterproofing is formed. As shown in fig. 4, the upper overlapping portion 705 and the lower overlapping portion 706 are both in a straight line structure, so that the upper and lower overlapping can be realized, and the overlapping is waterproof.

The lap joint part can be formed by bending, in-line forming or other forming modes capable of finishing lap joint, and the lap joint part is not particularly limited.

In some embodiments, in addition to structural waterproofing, the overlap of adjacent photovoltaic building structures may be covered with a waterproof tape or a waterproof paste at the overlap joint to further isolate moisture from entering the room.

In some embodiments, the metal sheet layer 70 comprises one or more layers of metal sheets;

A sandwich layer is arranged between any two metal plates of the multi-layer metal plates, and the sandwich layer adopts a heat insulation material.

As shown in fig. 2, the metal plate layer 70 is a single-layer metal plate.

As shown in fig. 3, the metal plate layer 70 is a sandwich metal plate, including a metal plate 702, a sandwich layer 703, and a metal plate 704. There is a case where the metal plate layer 70 includes a plurality of metal plates, a sandwich layer may be provided between any two metal plates. Wherein the sandwich layer 703 is used for improving heat preservation and insulation performance.

In some embodiments, the light transmissive plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating plate layer 50, and the third adhesive film layer 60 are the same shape;

the light-transmitting sheet layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating sheet layer 50, and the third adhesive film layer 60 are the same in size.

Optionally, the peripheral edges of the light-transmitting plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating plate layer 50 and the third adhesive film layer 60 are kept flush, so that the subsequent edge sealing is facilitated. The shape of the battery layer 30 is the same as that of the other layers, but the battery layer 30 is reduced inward by a certain distance compared with the first adhesive film layer 20 or the second adhesive film layer 40, and is usually reduced inward by 5mm to 20mm or more, so as to ensure that the battery layer 30 is isolated from external moisture.

In some embodiments, the light-transmitting plate layer 10, the first adhesive film layer 20, the battery sheet layer 30, the second adhesive film layer 40, the insulating plate layer 50 and the third adhesive film layer 60 are provided with edge sealing adhesive around them.

In practical implementation, edge sealing glue can be used to seal the edges from top to bottom from the light-transmitting layer 10 to the peripheral edges of the third glue film layer 60, and cover the edges of the metal plate layer 70, so that the metal plate layer 70 is not exposed, moisture is prevented from invading each layered structure to the greatest extent, and the bonding performance of each layered structure and the metal plate layer 70 is enhanced. The edge sealing glue may be silicone glue, polyurethane glue or other glue with similar performance, and is not limited herein.

In some embodiments, in the event that the first film layer 20, the second film layer 40, and the third film layer 60 create glue spills, the edge seal glue includes glue that spills.

In practical implementations, the edge sealing glue is usually applied along the periphery of each hierarchical structure, so as to ensure that the edge sealing glue can be completely adhered to the edge of each hierarchical structure and cover all areas needing to be sealed.

In the embodiment of the invention, the edge sealing adhesive can also be realized by adopting an adhesive overflow process. When a certain pressure and temperature are used, the first film layer 20, the second film layer 40 and the third film layer 60 will spill a certain amount of glue outwards, limiting the spilled glue to the laminate perimeter. When cooled, the spilled glue will naturally solidify, forming a sealing glue, i.e. providing protection to the edges of the laminate structure.

It should be noted that, the glue overflow amount can be precisely controlled according to the pressure and the temperature, and the glue overflow amount can also be controlled in advance by adjusting the thickness of each glue film layer, so that the integrity and the uniformity of the edge sealing are ensured, and the expected edge sealing effect can be obtained. For example: in order to make the coverage of the edge sealing adhesive on the metal plate layer 70 more, the thickness of the third adhesive film layer 60 may be appropriately greater than the thicknesses of the first adhesive film layer 20 and the second adhesive film layer 40, and when a certain pressure and temperature are selected for lamination, the glue overflow amount of the third adhesive film layer 60 may be greater than the glue overflow amounts of the other two adhesive film layers.

Alternatively, the cross-sectional shape of the edge sealing adhesive may be determined by a shaping device, or may be naturally formed, and embodiments of the present invention are not particularly limited herein. As shown in fig. 3, the cross-sectional shape of the edge seal 80 is a triangle with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part. Of course, other shapes such as rectangular or trapezoidal may be used.

The photovoltaic building material structure provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of reliable quality, high structural strength, good waterproof performance, good fireproof performance and easiness in installation, and can be used as a component part of a building roof in a compliance manner to effectively combine the photovoltaic with the roof board.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a photovoltaic building component, which comprises: the photovoltaic building material structure of any of the plurality of embodiments above. The photovoltaic building material structure is described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be described herein.

According to the photovoltaic building component provided by the embodiment of the invention, based on the laying requirement, one or more modes of up-and-down lap joint and left-and-right lap joint are adopted to lap joint a plurality of photovoltaic building material structures together, so that the integral installation of the photovoltaic building component is completed, the photovoltaic component and the roof board are not required to be installed separately, and the photovoltaic bracket is not required to be arranged, thereby improving the construction efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the conventional photovoltaic module has insufficient structural strength and insufficient fire resistance level, and cannot be used as a component of a building roof in a compliance manner. The structure of the conventional photovoltaic module is difficult to form an effective waterproof roof, and only photovoltaic can be installed on the existing roof, so that the integration degree is low. The photovoltaic building material structure and the photovoltaic building component provided by the embodiment of the invention have high strength and good fireproof performance, and can be directly used as a component of a building roof; meanwhile, the integrated degree is high, the quality is reliable and stable, the integrated type building material is used as a surface layer building material capable of generating electricity, the photovoltaic power generation performance and the building material performance are simultaneously met, compared with a conventional BAPV, the construction difficulty is reduced, the construction cost and the construction period are saved, and meanwhile, the full-spread rate is greatly improved.

It is understood that those skilled in the art can combine the various embodiments of the above embodiments to obtain technical solutions of the various embodiments under the teachings of the above embodiments.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A photovoltaic building material structure, characterized in that the photovoltaic building material structure is a laminate, the photovoltaic building material structure comprising: the light-transmitting plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the battery piece layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer, the third adhesive film layer and the metal plate layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

2. The photovoltaic building material structure according to claim 1, wherein the third adhesive film layer and the metal plate layer are provided with through holes with the same size at the same position, and the through holes are used for installing a junction box; the junction box is used for connecting bus bars; the bus bars are led out from the battery sheet layer and pass through the insulating sheet layer.

3. The photovoltaic building material structure of claim 1, wherein the metal sheet layer is provided with a lap joint for lap joint installation with other photovoltaic building material structures.

4. A photovoltaic building material structure according to claim 3, wherein the overlapping mode of the overlapping portion is up-down overlapping and/or left-right overlapping, and the overlapping portion is arranged at the peripheral edge of the metal sheet layer or at the bottom of the metal sheet layer.

5. The photovoltaic building material structure according to claim 4, wherein the lap joint portion is a straight line structure in the case that the lap joint manner is up-down lap joint;

and under the condition that the lap joint mode is left and right lap joint, the lap joint part is of a trapezoid structure.

6. The photovoltaic building material structure of any of claims 1-5, wherein the metal sheet layer comprises one or more metal sheets;

And a sandwich layer is arranged between any two layers of metal plates of the multi-layer metal plates, and the sandwich layer is made of heat insulation materials.

7. The photovoltaic building material structure of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the light-transmitting sheet layer, the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating sheet layer, and the third adhesive film layer are the same shape;

The size of the light-transmitting plate layer, the first adhesive film layer, the second adhesive film layer, the insulating plate layer and the third adhesive film layer are the same.

8. The photovoltaic building material structure of any one of claims 1-5, wherein edge sealing glue is provided around the light-transmitting plate layer, the first glue film layer, the battery sheet layer, the second glue film layer, the insulating plate layer and the third glue film layer.

9. The photovoltaic building material structure of claim 8, wherein the edge seal adhesive comprises overflowed adhesive in the event that the first, second, and third adhesive layers produce overflowed adhesive.

10. A photovoltaic building module, comprising: a plurality of photovoltaic building material structures as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.